DE102019110051B4 - Current conductor to form a winding body for an electrical coil, e.g. B. a transformer or a choke - Google Patents

Abstract

Current conductor (1) for forming an electrical winding body for a coil, the current conductor (1) having at least one inner conductor (3) and at least one outer conductor (5) running coaxially therewith, the outer and inner conductors (3, 5) being connected by an electrical Insulation are separated, whereby - outer and inner conductors (3, 5) are each formed from several winding wires (9), - the winding wire (9) is formed from several stranded wires (15), and - the winding wire (9) has an insulation jacket ( 13).

Description

The present invention relates, on the one hand, to a current conductor for forming a winding body for an electrical coil, e.g. B. a transformer or a choke, as well as a coil, e.g. B. for a transformer or a choke, which is characterized by at least one current conductor of the type according to the invention.

Electrical coils, e.g. B. a transformer or a choke are well known from the prior art. These usually consist of windings or winding materials that are suitable for generating or detecting a magnetic field. As electrical components, they are parts of a device, such as a transformer, a relay, an electric motor or, for example, a loudspeaker. Most coils consist of at least one winding of a current conductor made of wire, in particular enameled copper wire or high-frequency stranded wire, which is usually wound on a coil carrier that is provided with a magnetic core. The binding arrangement and shape or the wire diameter, the winding and the yarn material determine the value of the inductance and thus the quality properties of the coil. When building a coil, it is essential that the windings of the coil are always insulated from each other and from the coil core, which is often electrically conductive, in order to prevent the so-called short turn, which would significantly impair the function of the coil. A transformer has two coils that can be connected by an iron core. Typically, one half of the iron core accommodates the primary coil and the other half of the iron core accommodates the secondary coil. However, it is also possible to wind the primary and secondary windings alternately on an iron core. This means that a primary winding is followed by a secondary winding, which in turn is followed by a primary winding, etc. This has already achieved high coupling capacitances, which means that the leakage inductance can be kept relatively low. The leakage inductance of such coils with an iron core is around 3%.

The US 2,978,530 A discloses a rectangular cross-section electrical conductor comprising a plurality of strands arranged in a plurality of concentric, successive layers, the strands comprising electrically conductive wires helically twisted together in a common direction and in alternating layers in opposite ones Directions are twisted, the insulation on each of the wires comprising a thin insulating coating, all the strands in the conductor being twisted together helically in the same direction, the pitch of the helical twist being chosen so that the wires of two successive layers are twisted together do not cross, thereby avoiding damage to the thin insulating coating and eliminating the formation of short-circuited loops in the conductor.

The CN 1 08 682 493 A discloses a high frequency high voltage pulse high current coaxial cable comprising an inner conductor, an inner insulating layer and an outer conductor. The inner conductor has a circular stranded structure formed by twisting a plurality of tinned copper wires. The outer surface of the inner conductor is wrapped with a first cladding layer, the ratio of the thickness of the first cladding layer to the radius of the inner conductor being 1:10 - 1:20. An inner insulating layer is extruded onto the outside of the first cladding layer, and a second cladding layer is arranged between the inner insulating layer and the outer conductor. The first cladding layer and the second cladding layer are formed by mixing a semiconductor material and a protective material, and the ratio of the thickness of the second cladding layer to the thickness of the first cladding layer is 1:0.5 - 1:0.75. A third cladding layer, an outer insulating layer and an outer sheath are successively extruded on the outside of the outer conductor. The outer conductor and the inner conductor have the same size and run in opposite directions to each other. The outer conductor has a net-shaped structure, which is formed by weaving tinned copper wires, and the cross-sectional areas of the outer conductor and inner conductor are precisely matched to one another.

The US 4,079,192 A discloses a multi-wire conductor for carrying alternating current with a frequency greater than 50 KHz, comprising a plurality of conductive wires, each surrounded by a sheath of magnetic material for absorbing the magnetic flux of the magnetic fields generated by the currents through the other wires each sleeve made of magnetic material is surrounded by a sleeve made of electrically and magnetically insulating material.

US 2004/0 089 468 A1 discloses an induction winding which consists of at least one turn and has current-carrying means which comprise stranded conductors arranged in at least one layer, wherein at least two adjacent strands which form the at least one layer are not insulated. In particular, the current-carrying means comprises a plurality of perimetrically stacked layers, each layer being electrically insulated from the adjacent layers, and the plurality of perimetrically stacked layers ing layers are essentially concentric.

The object underlying the invention is to increase the efficiency by reducing the leakage inductance.

• - Außen- und Innenleiter jeweils aus mehreren Wickeldrähten ausgebildet sind,
• - der Wickeldraht aus mehreren Litzendrähten gebildet ist, und
• - der Wickeldraht einen Isolationsmantel aufweist.

To solve the problem, it is proposed according to the invention that the current conductor has at least one inner conductor and at least one outer conductor running coaxially therewith, the outer and inner conductors being separated from one another by electrical insulation, whereby

• - the outer and inner conductors are each made up of several winding wires,
• - the winding wire is formed from several stranded wires, and
• - the winding wire has an insulating jacket.

This means that the current conductor according to the invention is designed in the manner of a coaxial cable, as is known from antenna technology. With such a current conductor in the form of a coaxial cable, a very high coupling capacity can be achieved and the leakage inductance can be reduced to approx. ≤ 0.5%. That means the efficiency z. B. a transformer is thereby significantly increased.

Advantageous features and refinements of the invention result from the subordinate and secondary claims.

According to one feature of the invention, it is provided that the stranded wire can have several strands, such a strand being able to be made from a plurality of wires. The strands to form the stranded wire can be twisted or braided, possibly around an electrically non-conductive core. Compared to a solid wire, such a stranded wire has the advantage of lower line losses at higher frequencies, and thus enables a higher quality of the coils made from it. Although twisting or twisting the strands makes the filling factor worse, the advantage of twisting is that each individual wire alternately comes close to the iron core.

Furthermore, it is provided that the current conductor has an insulating jacket, as is the case with the winding wires. The majority of wires to form a strand are varnished, with the stranded wire advantageously having the core in the middle, which can be designed as an insulator.

The invention also relates to a coil, e.g. B. a transformer or a choke, which is characterized by at least one current conductor according to one or more of claims 1 to 8. The coil advantageously has at least one winding layer, whereby the winding layer can have a wide variety of winding types. Individual windings can be nested, braided or twisted together.

• 1 zeigt im Schnitt den erfindungsgemäßen Koaxialstromleiter;
• 2 zeigt einen Wickeldraht mit einer Mehrzahl von Litzendrähten;
• 3 zeigt im Schnitt und perspektivisch einen Litzendraht;
• 4 zeigt schematisch einen Eisenkern, wobei angedeutet auf dem Eisenkern eine Wicklung aufgebraucht ist.

The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example using the drawings.

• 1 shows a section of the coaxial current conductor according to the invention;
• 2 shows a winding wire with a plurality of stranded wires;
• 3 shows a section and perspective of a stranded wire;
• 4 shows schematically an iron core, with a winding indicated on the iron core being used up.

According to 1 The current conductor 1 according to the invention (coaxial current conductor) shown there consists of an inner conductor 3 and an outer conductor 5 arranged coaxially therewith, the inner conductor 3 being separated from the outer conductor 5 by an insulating jacket 7 as an electrical insulator, the outer conductor 5 also having an insulating jacket on its outside 6 shows, which also serves as an electrical insulator. Both the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 have a plurality of winding wires 9, as shown in detail 2 results. The winding wire 9 shown there is also insulated on its outer jacket (arrow 11), with the plurality of winding wires 9 also being surrounded by an insulating jacket 13. As already stated, the winding wire 9 comprises a plurality of stranded wires 15, as in 3 shown, with the stranded wires 15 being twisted together. In the present case, the stranded wire 15 consists of six strands 17, each strand 17 being formed from a plurality of wires 19 which have lacquer insulation. Also is over 3 It can be seen that the stranded wire 15 is covered by electrical insulation (arrow 11). In the middle, the stranded wire has a non-conductive core 18, around which the strands 17 are twisted.

4 shows schematically an iron core 20, on which a plurality of coaxial current conductors 1 of the type according to the invention are arranged.

In an electrical coil with such a coaxial current conductor, the inner conductor can represent the primary winding and the outer conductor can represent the secondary winding or vice versa.

List of reference symbols:

1

Electrical conductor (coaxial conductor)

3

Interior conductor

5

External conductor

6

Insulation jacket

7

Insulation jacket

9

wrapping wire

11

Arrow

13

Insulation jacket

15

Litz wire

17

strand

18

Soul

19

(Single) wire

20

Iron core

Claims (10)

Current conductor (1) for forming an electrical winding body for a coil, the current conductor (1) having at least one inner conductor (3) and at least one outer conductor (5) running coaxially therewith, the outer and inner conductors (3, 5) being connected by an electrical Insulation are separated, whereby - Outer and inner conductors (3, 5) are each formed from several winding wires (9), - the winding wire (9) is formed from several stranded wires (15), and - The winding wire (9) has an insulating jacket (13). Power conductor (1). Claim 1 , characterized in that the stranded wire (15) has several strands (17). Power conductor (1). Claim 2 , characterized in that the strand (17) is formed from a plurality of wires (19). Power conductor (1). Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the strands (17) are twisted to form the stranded wire (15). Current conductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current conductor (1) has an insulating jacket (7) which forms the electrical insulation between the inner conductor (3) and the outer conductor (5). Current conductor (1) according to one of the Claims 3 until 5 , characterized in that the plurality of wires (19) are varnished and twisted to form the stranded wire (17). Current conductor (1) according to one of the Claims 2 until 6 , characterized in that the stranded wire (15) has a core (18). Power conductor (1). Claim 7 , characterized in that the soul (18) is designed as an insulator. Coil, characterized by at least one current conductor (1) according to one or more of Claims 1 until 8th . Coil according to claim 89, characterized in that the coil has at least one winding layer.

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