DE102019109792A1 - Method for welding two thermoplastic joining partners - Google Patents
Method for welding two thermoplastic joining partners Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102019109792A1 DE102019109792A1 DE102019109792.4A DE102019109792A DE102019109792A1 DE 102019109792 A1 DE102019109792 A1 DE 102019109792A1 DE 102019109792 A DE102019109792 A DE 102019109792A DE 102019109792 A1 DE102019109792 A1 DE 102019109792A1
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- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- joining
- electrodes
- thermoplastic
- partners
- partner
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3484—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic
- B29C65/3492—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic being carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
- B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/345—Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
- B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
- B29C66/8362—Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3408—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
- B29C65/3416—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements comprising discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3436—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising independent continuous fibre-reinforcements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/344—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
- B29C65/564—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined hidden in the joint, e.g. dowels or Z-pins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91311—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
- B29C66/91317—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by measuring the electrical resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier thermoplastischer Fügepartner, wobei die thermoplastischen Fügepartner aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff gebildet sind, der ein elektrisch leitfähiges Fasermaterial und ein das Fasermaterial einbettendes thermoplastisches Matrixmaterial aufweist, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:- Kontaktieren der thermoplastischen Fügepartner mit jeweils mindestens einer Elektrode derart, dass zwischen zwei Elektroden ein Bestromungsabschnitt innerhalb eines Fügeabschnittes der thermoplastischen Fügepartner gebildet wird,- Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an mindestens einer der Elektroden mittels einer elektrischen Energiequelle zum Bewirken eines Stromflusses in dem Bestromungsabschnitt der thermoplastischen Fügepartner derart, dass die thermoplastischen Fügepartner in ihren jeweiligen Fügeabschnitten auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur des thermoplastischen Matrixmaterials temperiert werden, und- Aufbringen einer Kompaktierungskraft auf die temperierten thermoplastischen Fügepartner im Bereich der Fügeabschnitte, um die Fügepartner miteinander zu verschweißen.The invention relates to a method for welding at least two thermoplastic joining partners, the thermoplastic joining partners being formed from a fiber composite material which has an electrically conductive fiber material and a thermoplastic matrix material embedding the fiber material, the method comprising the following steps: Contacting the thermoplastic joining partners with at least one electrode in each case in such a way that an energization section is formed between two electrodes within a joining section of the thermoplastic joining partners, Joining partners are tempered in their respective joining sections to a temperature above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic matrix material, un d- applying a compaction force to the temperature-controlled thermoplastic joining partners in the area of the joining sections in order to weld the joining partners together.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier thermoplastischer Fügepartner, wobei die thermoplastischen Fügepartner aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff gebildet sind. Der Faserverbundwerkstoff weist dabei ein elektrisch leitfähiges Fasermaterial und ein das Fasermaterial einbettendes thermoplastisches Matrixmaterial auf.The invention relates to a method for welding at least two thermoplastic joining partners, wherein the thermoplastic joining partners are formed from a fiber composite material. The fiber composite material has an electrically conductive fiber material and a thermoplastic matrix material that embeds the fiber material.
Faserverbundwerkstoffe zur Herstellung von Faserverbundbauteile sind heutzutage kaum mehr wegzudenken. Sie finden nicht nur Verwendung in der Luft- und Raumfahrt, sondern mittlerweile auch im Automobilbereich. Insbesondere kritische Strukturelemente werden aufgrund der hohen gewichtsspezifischen Festigkeit und Steifigkeit bei minimalem Gewicht aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen gefertigt. Durch die aus der Faserorientierung resultierenden anisotropen Eigenschaften der Faserverbundwerkstoffe können Bauteile exakter an lokale Belastungen angepasst wer-den und ermöglichen so eine optimale Materialausnutzung im Sinne des Leichtbaus.Fiber composite materials for the production of fiber composite components have become indispensable these days. They are not only used in the aerospace industry, but now also in the automotive sector. In particular, critical structural elements are made from fiber-reinforced plastics due to their high weight-specific strength and rigidity with minimal weight. Due to the anisotropic properties of the fiber composite materials resulting from the fiber orientation, components can be adapted more precisely to local loads and thus enable optimal material utilization in terms of lightweight construction.
Faserverbundwerkstoffe weisen in der Regel zwei wesentliche Hauptbestandteile auf, nämlich zum einen ein Fasermaterial und zum anderen ein das Fasermaterial einbettendes Matrixmaterial. Durch Aushärten des das Fasermaterial einbettenden Matrixmaterials wird eine integrale Einheit geschaffen zwischen Fasermaterial und Matrixmaterial, wobei durch das ausgehärtete Matrixmaterial die Verstärkungsfasern des Fasermaterials in ihre vorgegebene Richtung gezwungen werden und ermöglichen so die spezifische Lastabtragung in Faserrichtung.Fiber composite materials generally have two essential main components, namely on the one hand a fiber material and on the other hand a matrix material that embeds the fiber material. By hardening the matrix material embedding the fiber material, an integral unit is created between the fiber material and the matrix material, whereby the hardened matrix material forces the reinforcing fibers of the fiber material in their predetermined direction and thus enables the specific load transfer in the fiber direction.
Aufgrund des gegenüber isotropen Werkstoffen komplizierteren Herstellungsprozesses werden komplexe Bauteilgeometrien meist aus zwei oder mehreren einzelnen Elementen gefügt, beispielsweise in einem klebenden Fügeverfahren. Hierbei wird zwischen die zu verfügenden Bauelemente im Fügeabschnitt ein Klebwerkstoff eingebracht, der nach dem Aushärten eine stoffschlüssige und gegebenenfalls formschlüssige Verbindung der beiden Bauelemente realisiert. Der grundlegende Nachteil hierbei ist, dass keine Aussagen über die Qualität der Klebverbindung getroffen werden kann, wenn die Klebverbindung nicht einer zerstörenden Überprüfung unterzogen werden soll.Due to the more complicated manufacturing process compared to isotropic materials, complex component geometries are usually joined from two or more individual elements, for example in an adhesive joining process. In this case, an adhesive material is introduced between the components to be available in the joining section, which, after curing, realizes a cohesive and possibly form-fitting connection of the two components. The fundamental disadvantage here is that no statements can be made about the quality of the adhesive bond if the adhesive bond is not to be subjected to a destructive test.
Bei der Verwendung von Bauelementen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen ist es bekannt, die Bauelemente mittels eines Schweißverfahrens miteinander zu fügen. Dabei werden die Bauelemente in ihrem Fügeabschnitt derart temperiert, dass der thermoplastische Werkstoffe der Bauelemente eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur erreicht, aufschmilzt und sich so innerhalb des Fügeabschnittes nahezu integral mit dem jeweils anderen Bauelement verbindet. Ein Problem hierbei stellt jedoch das Einbringen der notwendigen Prozesstemperatur in die Bauelemente bzw. Fügepartner innerhalb des Fügeabschnittes dar.When using components made of thermoplastics, it is known to join the components to one another by means of a welding process. The components are tempered in their joining section in such a way that the thermoplastic materials of the components reach a temperature above the melting temperature, melt and thus connect almost integrally with the other component within the joining section. A problem here, however, is the introduction of the necessary process temperature into the components or joining partners within the joining section.
Aus der
Zudem stellt das Heizelement einen Fremdkörper in dem Fügeabschnitt dar, wodurch es schwierig wird, die Qualität der Fügeverbindung nachträglich zu bewerten.In addition, the heating element represents a foreign body in the joint section, which makes it difficult to assess the quality of the joint connection afterwards.
Aus der
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier thermoplastischer Fügepartner anzugeben, bei dem der Wärmeeintrag sehr genau reguliert werden kann und darüber hinaus der Anlagenaufwand möglichst klein gehalten werden kann.It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved method for welding at least two thermoplastic joining partners, in which the heat input can be regulated very precisely and, moreover, the system expenditure can be kept as small as possible.
Die Aufgabe wird mit dem Verfahren zum Verschweißen zweier thermoplastischer Fügepartner gemäß Anspruch 1 erfindungsgemäß gelöst.The object is achieved according to the invention with the method for welding two thermoplastic joining partners according to claim 1.
Gemäß Patentanspruch 1 wird ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier thermoplastischer Fügepartner vorgeschlagen, wobei die thermoplastischen Fügepartner aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff gebildet sind, der ein elektrisch leitfähiges Fasermaterial und ein das Fasermaterial einbettendes thermoplastisches Matrixmaterial aufweist. Die thermoplastischen Fügepartner werden dabei so bereitgestellt, dass das thermoplastische Matrixmaterial vollständig ausgehärtet ist und die Fügepartner somit fertige Bauelemente darstellen, die nun miteinander verbunden bzw. gefügt werden können. Es ist insbesondere nicht vorgesehen, dass die thermoplastischen Fügepartner in einem Stadium bereitgestellt werden, in dem das thermoplastische Matrixmaterial noch nicht ausgehärtet ist.According to claim 1, a method for welding at least two proposed thermoplastic joining partners, the thermoplastic joining partners being formed from a fiber composite material which has an electrically conductive fiber material and a thermoplastic matrix material that embeds the fiber material. The thermoplastic joining partners are provided in such a way that the thermoplastic matrix material is completely cured and the joining partners thus represent finished components that can now be connected or joined to one another. In particular, there is no provision for the thermoplastic joining partners to be provided in a stage in which the thermoplastic matrix material has not yet hardened.
Die thermoplastischen Fügepartner werden nun mit jeweils mindestens einer Elektrode derart kontaktiert, dass zwischen zwei Elektroden ein Bestromungsabschnitt innerhalb eines Fügeabschnittes der thermoplastischen Fügepartner gebildet wird. Der Bestromungsabschnitt kann dabei dem Fügeabschnitt der thermoplastischen Fügepartner entsprechen oder gegebenenfalls größer oder kleiner sein. Durch das Kontaktieren der thermoplastischen Fügepartner mit jeweils mindestens einer Elektrode kann durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an mindestens eine dieser Elektroden mittels einer elektrischen Energiequelle ein Stromfluss innerhalb des Bestromungsabschnittes der thermoplastischen Fügepartner bewirkt werden, der die thermoplastischen Fügepartner in ihren jeweiligen Fügeabschnitten auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur des thermoplastischen Matrixmaterials temperiert.The thermoplastic joining partners are now contacted with at least one electrode each in such a way that an energization section is formed between two electrodes within a joining section of the thermoplastic joining partners. The energizing section can correspond to the joining section of the thermoplastic joining partners or, if necessary, be larger or smaller. By contacting the thermoplastic joining partners with at least one electrode each, by applying an electrical voltage to at least one of these electrodes by means of an electrical energy source, a current flow within the energization section of the thermoplastic joining partners can be brought about, which brings the thermoplastic joining partners in their respective joining sections to a temperature above the Melting temperature of the thermoplastic matrix material tempered.
Durch das Bestromen der thermoplastischen Fügepartner innerhalb des Bestromungsabschnittes und somit auch innerhalb des Fügeabschnittes der jeweiligen thermoplastischen Fügepartner wird ein Temperieren des Fügeabschnittes bewirkt, das dazu führt, dass das thermoplastische Matrixmaterial aufschmilzt. Durch Aufbringen einer Kompaktierungskraft auf die temperierten thermoplastischen Fügepartner im Bereich der Fügeabschnitte können die beiden Fügepartner nun aufgrund des aufgeschmolzenen thermoplastischen Matrixmaterials miteinander verschweißt werden.By energizing the thermoplastic joining partners within the energizing section and thus also within the joining section of the respective thermoplastic joining partners, the temperature of the joining section is controlled, which leads to the thermoplastic matrix material melting. By applying a compaction force to the temperature-controlled thermoplastic joining partners in the area of the joining sections, the two joining partners can now be welded to one another due to the melted thermoplastic matrix material.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Elektroden mit den thermoplastischen Fügepartner derart kontaktiert werden können, dass durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an mindestens eine der Elektroden ein Stromfluss in den Fügepartner zwischen den Elektroden, genauer gesagt in dem elektrisch leitfähigen Fasermaterial der Fügepartner bewirkt werden kann. Dabei hat es sich auch überraschenderweise gezeigt, dass der Stromfluss in den elektrisch leitfähigen Fasern nicht nur in der Ebene einer Faserlage bewirkt werden kann, sondern auch durch die Faserlagen hindurch, auch wenn das thermoplastische Matrixmaterial in einem festen und ausgehärteten Zustand zunächst vorliegt. Erst durch diese Erkenntnis wird es möglich, ein vollständiges Temperieren der Fügeabschnitte der Fügepartner zu erreichen, damit das thermoplastische Matrixmaterial aufschmilzt und mittels der Kompaktierungskraft dann die Fügepartner in den Fügeabschnitten miteinander verschweißt werden können. It has been shown that the electrodes can be contacted with the thermoplastic joining partners in such a way that by applying an electrical voltage to at least one of the electrodes, a current can flow into the joining partner between the electrodes, more precisely in the electrically conductive fiber material of the joining partner. It has also been shown, surprisingly, that the current flow in the electrically conductive fibers can be brought about not only in the plane of a fiber layer, but also through the fiber layers, even if the thermoplastic matrix material is initially in a solid and hardened state. Only through this knowledge it is possible to achieve a complete temperature control of the joining sections of the joining partners so that the thermoplastic matrix material melts and the joining partners can then be welded together in the joining sections by means of the compacting force.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kommt dabei insbesondere ohne ein zusätzliches Heizelement bzw. Schweißhilfselement aus und benötigt zum Verschweißen der mindestens zwei thermoplastischen Fügepartner lediglich das Kontaktieren der Elektroden mit den Fügepartner.The method according to the invention manages, in particular, without an additional heating element or welding auxiliary element and only requires the electrodes to be contacted with the joining partner to weld the at least two thermoplastic joining partners.
Vorzugsweise kann einer oder beide Fügepartner jeweils mit einer Mehrzahl von Elektroden elektrisch kontaktiert werden, so dass der erste Fügepartner mit einer Mehrzahl von Elektroden elektrisch kontaktiert ist und/oder der zweite Fügepartner mit einer Mehrzahl von Elektroden elektrisch kontaktiert ist. Mittels einer Steuereinheit kann nun die Bestromung durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an entsprechend ausgewählte Elektroden so gesteuert werden, dass nacheinander unterschiedliche Stromflusspfade gebildet werden, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung und damit eine gleichmäßige Verschweißung innerhalb des Fügeabschnittes garantiert werden kann.Preferably, one or both joining partners can each be electrically contacted with a plurality of electrodes, so that the first joining partner is electrically contacted with a plurality of electrodes and / or the second joining partner is electrically contacted with a plurality of electrodes. A control unit can now be used to control the power supply by applying an electrical voltage to appropriately selected electrodes so that different current flow paths are formed one after the other, which guarantees uniform heating and thus uniform welding within the joining section.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass der erste Fügepartner außerhalb seines Fügeabschnittes mit mindestens einer ersten Elektrode elektrisch kontaktiert und der wenigstens zweite Fügepartners außerhalb seines Fügeabschnittes mit mindestens einer zweiten Elektrode elektrisch kontaktiert wird, sodass durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an die Elektroden ein Stromfluss von der mindestens einen ersten Elektrode durch den Fügeabschnitt des ersten Fügepartners und den Fügeabschnitt des zweiten Fügepartners zu der mindestens einen zweiten Elektrode bewirkt wird, wenn die Fügepartner innerhalb ihrer Fügeabschnitte aneinandergefügt sind.According to one embodiment, it is provided that the first joining partner makes electrical contact with at least one first electrode outside its joining section and the at least second joining partner is electrically contacted with at least one second electrode outside its joining section, so that a current flow from the electrode by applying an electrical voltage to the electrodes at least one first electrode is brought about by the joining section of the first joining partner and the joining section of the second joining partner to the at least one second electrode when the joining partners are joined to one another within their joining sections.
Hierdurch kann gezielt der gesamte Fügeabschnitt bzw. die gesamte Fügezonen prozesssicher temperiert werden. Der Stromfluss wird dabei zwingend auf der gesamten Länge der Fügezonen bzw. des Fügeabschnittes bewirkt, um so eine hinreichende Temperierung des Fügeabschnittes zu gewährleisten.In this way, the entire joining section or the entire joining zones can be temperature-controlled in a targeted manner. In this case, the flow of current is brought about over the entire length of the joining zones or the joining section in order to ensure that the joining section is adequately tempered.
Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der erste Fügepartner mit mehreren ersten Elektroden elektrisch kontaktiert wird, wobei wenigstens eine Elektrode an einer ersten Seite des ersten Fügepartners und wenigstens eine weitere Elektrode an einer der ersten Seite gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite des ersten Fügepartners elektrisch kontaktiert wird. Analog hierzu kann vorgesehen sein, dass der zweite Fügepartners mit mehreren zweiten Elektroden elektrisch kontaktiert wird, wobei wenigstens eine Elektrode an einer ersten Seite des zweiten Fügepartners und wenigstens eine weitere Elektrode an einer der ersten Seite gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite des zweiten Fügepartners elektrisch kontaktiert wird.It is advantageous if the first joining partner is electrically contacted with several first electrodes, at least one electrode being electrically contacted on a first side of the first joining partner and at least one further electrode being electrically contacted on a second side of the first joining partner opposite the first side. Analogous For this purpose, it can be provided that the second joining partner is electrically contacted with several second electrodes, with at least one electrode being electrically contacted on a first side of the second joining partner and at least one further electrode being electrically contacted on a second side of the second joining partner opposite the first side.
Ist vorgesehen, dass die zweite Seite des ersten Fügepartners mit der ersten Seite des zweiten Fügepartners im Fügeabschnitt miteinander verschweißt werden sollen, so kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die erste Elektrode bzw. die ersten Elektroden des ersten Fügepartners an der zweiten Seite des ersten Fügepartners elektrisch kontaktiert werden, während die zweite Elektrode bzw. die zweiten Elektroden des zweiten Fügepartners an der ersten Seite des zweiten Fügepartners elektrisch kontaktiert werden. Hierdurch werden gezielt die Fügeflächen der Fügeabschnitte bestromt, um so das thermoplastische Matrixmaterial in diesem Bereich auf zu schmelzen, ohne die Fügepartners durch einen ungezielten Wärmeeintrag zu gefährden.If it is provided that the second side of the first joining partner is to be welded to the first side of the second joining partner in the joining section, it can be advantageous if the first electrode or the first electrodes of the first joining partner are electrically connected to the second side of the first joining partner are contacted, while the second electrode or the second electrodes of the second joining partner are electrically contacted on the first side of the second joining partner. As a result, the joining surfaces of the joining sections are deliberately energized in order to melt the thermoplastic matrix material in this area without endangering the joining partners through an untargeted introduction of heat.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird der erste Fügepartners innerhalb seines Fügeabschnittes mit mindestens einer ersten Elektrode elektrisch kontaktiert und der wenigstens zweite Fügepartners innerhalb eines Fügeabschnittes mit mindestens einer zweiten Elektrode derart elektrisch kontaktiert, dass durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an die Elektroden ein Stromfluss von der mindestens einen ersten Elektrode durch den Fügeabschnitt des ersten Fügepartners und den Fügeabschnitt des zweiten Fügepartners zu der mindestens einen zweiten Elektrode bewirkt wird, wenn die Fügepartners innerhalb ihrer Fügeabschnitte aneinandergefügt sind. In dieser Ausführungsform kann sichergestellt werden, dass ein Stromfluss in Dickenrichtung der Fügepartner innerhalb des Fügeabschnittes erreicht wird, wodurch gezielt der gesamte Fügeabschnitt in Dickenrichtung bestromt und temperiert wird.According to a further embodiment, the first joining partner is electrically contacted within its joining section with at least one first electrode and the at least second joining partner is electrically contacted within a joining section with at least one second electrode in such a way that a current flow from the at least one electrode by applying an electrical voltage to the electrodes first electrode is effected by the joining section of the first joining partner and the joining section of the second joining partner to the at least one second electrode when the joining partners are joined together within their joining sections. In this embodiment, it can be ensured that a current flow is achieved in the thickness direction of the joining partners within the joining section, as a result of which the entire joining section is specifically energized and tempered in the thickness direction.
Hierbei ist vorteilhaft, wenn der erste Fügepartner mit mehreren ersten Elektroden im Fügeabschnitt an einer ersten Seite des ersten Fügepartners kontaktiert wird und/oder wenn der zweite Fügepartner mit mehreren zweiten Elektroden im Fügeabschnitt an einer der ersten Seite gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite des zweiten Fügepartners kontaktiert wird. Aufgrund der Mehrzahl von ersten Elektroden und zweiten Elektroden die jeweils ein gegenüberliegenden Seiten die Fügepartner kontaktieren, können verschiedene Stromflusspfade in den Fügeabschnitten realisiert werden, um so die Fügepartner in ihren jeweiligen Fügeabschnitten entsprechend temperieren ganzheitlich zu können.It is advantageous here if the first joining partner is contacted with several first electrodes in the joining section on a first side of the first joining partner and / or if the second joining partner is contacted with several second electrodes in the joining section on a second side of the second joining partner opposite the first side. Due to the plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes which each contact the joining partners on opposite sides, different current flow paths can be implemented in the joining sections in order to be able to control the temperature of the joining partners in their respective joining sections accordingly.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die thermoplastischen Fügepartner mittels der Elektroden zunächst getrennt derart bestromt werden, dass die thermoplastischen Fügepartner in ihren jeweiligen Fügeabschnitten auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur des thermoplastischen Matrixmaterials temperiert werden, wobei anschließend die thermoplastischen Fügepartner in den Fügeabschnitten gefügt und mit der Kompaktierungskraft beaufschlagt werden. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass die Fügepartner zunächst im nicht gefügt Zustand bestromt und demzufolge temperiert werden und erst wenn sie ihre entsprechende Prozesstemperatur erreicht haben, dann zudem gemeinsamen Bauteil verschweißt werden.In a further embodiment it is provided that the thermoplastic joining partners are initially energized separately by means of the electrodes in such a way that the thermoplastic joining partners are tempered in their respective joining sections to a temperature above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic matrix material, the thermoplastic joining partners then being joined in the joining sections and are applied with the compaction force. It is provided here that the joining partners are initially energized in the non-joined state and are consequently tempered and only when they have reached their corresponding process temperature are then also welded to the common component.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine der Elektroden während des Bestromens gegenüber dem jeweiligen Fügepartner, den die Elektrode elektrisch kontaktiert, relativ verfahren wird. Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine der Elektroden den Fügepartner großflächig kontaktiert, während die andere Elektrode beispielsweise in Form einer Rollen- oder Walzenelektrode den jeweiligen Fügepartner punktuell kontaktiert und dabei auf der Oberfläche des Fügepartners rollend bewegt wird. Die Rolle oder Walze ist dabei in Form einer Elektrode elektrisch leitfähig, sodass während des Abrollens der Elektrode über die Kontaktoberfläche des Fügepartners ein Stromfluss mit der gegenüberliegenden Elektrode bewirkt werden kann. Hierdurch können entsprechende Schweißmuster erzeugt werden. Die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Fügepartnern in ihren Fügeabschnitten ist hierbei insbesondere linienförmig.In a further embodiment it is provided that at least one of the electrodes is moved relative to the respective joining partner with whom the electrode makes electrical contact during the energization. It can be provided that one of the electrodes contacts the joint partner over a large area, while the other electrode, for example in the form of a roller or roller electrode, makes selective contact with the respective joint partner and is moved rolling on the surface of the joint partner. The roller or roller is electrically conductive in the form of an electrode, so that while the electrode is rolling over the contact surface of the joining partner, a current can flow with the opposite electrode. Corresponding welding patterns can thereby be produced. The connection between the two joining partners in their joining sections is in particular linear.
Denkbar ist selbstverständlich auch, dass sowohl der erste Fügepartner als auch der zweite Fügepartner mit jeweils einer Elektrode oder gegebenenfalls mehreren Elektroden elektrisch kontaktiert wird, wobei ein oder mehrere Elektroden des ersten Fügepartners und ein oder mehrere Elektroden des zweiten Fügepartners während des Bestromens gegenüber dem jeweiligen Fügepartner, den die Elektrode kontaktiert, relativ verfahren wird. Hierdurch kann kontinuierlich der Stromflusspfad zwischen zwei sich bewegenden Elektroden verändert werden, sodass eine quantitativ hohe Verbindungsgüte zwischen den Fügepartner erreicht werden kann. Dies ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn die Fügepartner großflächig miteinander verschweißt werden sollen. Durch den Einsatz kleiner, verfahrbarer Elektroden können auch großflächige Fügeabschnitte großflächig verschweißt werden.It is of course also conceivable that both the first joining partner and the second joining partner are each electrically contacted with one electrode or, if necessary, several electrodes, one or more electrodes of the first joining partner and one or more electrodes of the second joining partner being connected to the respective joining partner during the energization that the electrode contacts, is moved relatively. As a result, the current flow path between two moving electrodes can be changed continuously, so that a quantitatively high connection quality can be achieved between the joining partners. This is particularly advantageous when the joining partners are to be welded to one another over a large area. By using small, movable electrodes, large-area joining sections can also be welded over a large area.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die thermoplastischen Fügepartner mit einer Vielzahl von Elektroden kontaktiert werden, wobei mittels einer Steuereinheit nacheinander an verschiedenen Kombinationen zweier Elektroden eine elektrische Spannung an den Elektroden derart angelegt wird, dass nacheinander verschiedene Stromflusspfade in den Fügeabschnitten bewirkt wird. Hierdurch kann eine ungleichmäßige Erwärmung insbesondere großflächige Fügeabschnitte entgegengewirkt werden, indem beispielsweise Elektrodenanordnungen in viele kleinere Elektroden unterteilt sind, die dann nacheinander durchgeschaltet werden, wodurch sich jeweils unterschiedlicher Stromflusspfade innerhalb der Fügeabschnitte ergeben. Eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung des Fügeabschnittes ist dann die Folge.In a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that the thermoplastic joining partners are contacted with a multiplicity of electrodes, with different combinations of two in succession by means of a control unit Electrodes an electrical voltage is applied to the electrodes in such a way that successively different current flow paths are brought about in the joining sections. In this way, uneven heating, in particular large-area joining sections, can be counteracted by, for example, subdividing electrode arrangements into many smaller electrodes, which are then switched through one after the other, resulting in different current flow paths within the joining sections. A uniform heating of the joint section is then the result.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird während des Anlegens der elektrischen Spannung an wenigstens eine der Elektroden ein elektrischer Widerstand des Bestromungsabschnittes bzw. des Stromflusspfades mittels einer Steuereinheit gemessen, bei dann in Abhängigkeit von dem gemessenen Widerstand eine Temperatur des Bestromungsabschnittes mittels der Steuereinheit ermittelt wird. Prinzipiell gilt bei Kohlenstofffasern, dass je niedriger der elektrische Widerstand ist, um so wärmer ist das Bauteil. Diese Korrelation kann nun in einer Ausführungsform dafür genutzt werden, ein oder mehrere Parameter der an den Elektroden anzulegenden elektrischen Spannung mittels der Steuereinheit in Abhängigkeit von der ermittelten Temperatur einzustellen, um so eine vorgegebene Temperatur bzw. Soll-Temperatur anzunähern. Durch das Ermitteln der Temperatur anhand des gemessenen elektrischen Widerstandes kann so eine Regelung aufgebaut werden, mit der eine ungleichmäßige Erwärmung entgegengewirkt werden kann.According to a further embodiment, while the electrical voltage is being applied to at least one of the electrodes, an electrical resistance of the energization section or of the current flow path is measured by means of a control unit, in which case a temperature of the energization section is determined by the control unit as a function of the measured resistance. In principle, the following applies to carbon fibers: the lower the electrical resistance, the warmer the component. This correlation can now be used in one embodiment to set one or more parameters of the electrical voltage to be applied to the electrodes by means of the control unit as a function of the determined temperature in order to approximate a predetermined temperature or setpoint temperature. By determining the temperature on the basis of the measured electrical resistance, a control system can be set up with which uneven heating can be counteracted.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Kompaktierungskraft mit mehr als 1 N/mm2 aufgebracht wird. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Elektroden mit einer Flächenpressung von mehr als 1 N/mm2, vorzugsweise von mehr als 1,3 N/mm2 auf die Fügepartner gedrückt werden.According to one embodiment it is provided that the compaction force is applied with more than 1 N / mm 2 . According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the electrodes are pressed onto the joint partners with a surface pressure of more than 1 N / mm 2 , preferably of more than 1.3 N / mm 2 .
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass ein oder mehrere metallische Stift- oder Hakenelemente in die Fügezonen bzw. Fügeabschnitte zum Verbinden der Fügepartner eingebracht werden, wobei die Elektroden die metallischen Stift- oder Hakenelemente nicht kontaktieren. Hierdurch können höhere Kräfte über die Schweißnaht übertragen werden und der elektrische Strom gezielter innerhalb der Fügeabschnitte geführt werden.According to a further embodiment it is provided that one or more metallic pin or hook elements are introduced into the joining zones or joining sections for connecting the joining partners, the electrodes not contacting the metallic pin or hook elements. As a result, higher forces can be transmitted via the weld seam and the electrical current can be guided more specifically within the joining sections.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der beigefügten Figuren beispielhaft näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
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1 schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einer ersten Ausführungsform; -
2 schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einer zweiten Ausführungsform; -
3 schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einer dritten Ausführungsform; -
4 schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einer Rollenelektrode.
-
1 schematic representation of the method according to the invention in a first embodiment; -
2 schematic representation of the method according to the invention in a second embodiment; -
3 schematic representation of the method according to the invention in a third embodiment; -
4th schematic representation of the method according to the invention with a roller electrode.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Zu erkennen ist, dass der erste Fügepartner
Die Elektroden
Während oder nach dem Bestromen des Fügeabschnittes
Der zweite Fügepartner
BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols
- 1010
- FügeabschnittJoining section
- 1111
- erste Fügepartnerfirst joining partner
- 11a11a
- erste Seite des ersten Fügepartnersfirst page of the first joining partner
- 11b11b
- zweite Seite des ersten Fügepartnerssecond side of the first joining partner
- 1212
- zweite Fügepartnersecond joining partner
- 12a12a
- erste Seite des zweiten Fügepartnersfirst side of the second joining partner
- 12b12b
- zweite Seite des zweiten Fügepartnerssecond side of the second joining partner
- 2020th
- ElektrodenElectrodes
- 2121st
- erste Elektrodenfirst electrodes
- 2222nd
- zweite Elektrodensecond electrodes
- 2323
- RollenelektrodeRoller electrode
- 2424
- FlächenelektrodeFlat electrode
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent literature cited
- US 2009/0032184 A1 [0006]US 2009/0032184 A1 [0006]
- DE 102013107102 A1 [0008]DE 102013107102 A1 [0008]
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE102019109792.4A DE102019109792A1 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Method for welding two thermoplastic joining partners |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102019109792.4A DE102019109792A1 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Method for welding two thermoplastic joining partners |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102019109792A1 true DE102019109792A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
Family
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DE102019109792.4A Pending DE102019109792A1 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Method for welding two thermoplastic joining partners |
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DE (1) | DE102019109792A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4673450A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1987-06-16 | The Boeing Company | Method of welding together graphite fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates |
US20140154494A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2014-06-05 | Origin Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing a bonded body |
-
2019
- 2019-04-12 DE DE102019109792.4A patent/DE102019109792A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4673450A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1987-06-16 | The Boeing Company | Method of welding together graphite fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates |
US20140154494A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2014-06-05 | Origin Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing a bonded body |
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