DE102009056580A1 - Method for connecting thermoplastic fiber composite components by stick-shaped functional elements, involves positioning fiber composite components involved in connection and functional element in its initial position - Google Patents
Method for connecting thermoplastic fiber composite components by stick-shaped functional elements, involves positioning fiber composite components involved in connection and functional element in its initial position Download PDFInfo
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- DE102009056580A1 DE102009056580A1 DE102009056580A DE102009056580A DE102009056580A1 DE 102009056580 A1 DE102009056580 A1 DE 102009056580A1 DE 102009056580 A DE102009056580 A DE 102009056580A DE 102009056580 A DE102009056580 A DE 102009056580A DE 102009056580 A1 DE102009056580 A1 DE 102009056580A1
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- fiber composite
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- thermoplastic
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 35
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B15/00—Nails; Staples
- F16B15/06—Nails; Staples with barbs, e.g. for metal parts; Drive screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
- B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
- B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
- B29C2793/0045—Perforating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
- B29C65/46—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element heated by induction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72143—Fibres of discontinuous lengths
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von thermoplastischen Faserverbundbauteilen mittels stiftförmiger Funktionselemente, wobei in den Faserverbundbauteilen sich herstellungstechnisch koordiniert ausgerichtete Fasern in einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff zu einem thermoplastischen Faserverbund ausgebildet befinden.The invention relates to a method and a device for connecting thermoplastic fiber composite components by means of pin-shaped functional elements, wherein in the fiber composite components manufacturing technology coordinated aligned fibers are formed in a thermoplastic material to form a thermoplastic fiber composite.
Mit der Erfindung wird eine werkstoffgerechte Möglichkeit geschaffen, faserverstärkte thermoplastische Bauteile unter Verwendung stiftartiger Funktionselemente ohne Vorbereitung der Fügestelle zu verbinden. Die Fasern können dabei als Kurz- oder Langfaser, vorzugsweise jedoch als textile Verstärkung des Kunststoffes vorliegen.With the invention, a material-appropriate possibility is created to connect fiber-reinforced thermoplastic components using pin-like functional elements without preparation of the joint. The fibers may be present as short or long fiber, but preferably as a textile reinforcement of the plastic.
Für die Verbindung von Faserverbundbauteilen steht eine Vielzahl herkömmlicher Verfahren zur Verfügung. Dabei kommt dem Fügen unter Verwendung eines oder mehrerer höherfester Verbindungselemente eine besondere Bedeutung zu, da auf diese Weise hohe Lasten übertragen werden können. Beispiele für solche Verbindungselemente sind Niete und Schrauben, aber auch Bolzen und Stifte.A variety of conventional methods are available for joining fiber composite components. In this case, the joining using one or more higher-strength fasteners is of particular importance, since in this way high loads can be transmitted. Examples of such fasteners are rivets and screws, but also bolts and pins.
Herkömmliche Fügeverfahren, bei denen solche Verbindungselemente eingesetzt werden, sind meist auf ein konstruktiv erforderliches Loch in den zu verbindenden Faserverbundbauteilen angewiesen. Nachteilig ist dabei, dass das Loch in der Regel in einem zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritt vor dem eigentlichen Fügeprozess eingebracht werden muss.Conventional joining methods, in which such fasteners are used, are usually dependent on a structurally required hole in the fiber composite components to be joined. The disadvantage here is that the hole must be introduced usually in an additional step before the actual joining process.
In der Druckschrift
Gleiches gilt für das in der Druckschrift
Ein weiterer Nachteil resultiert aus dem Herstellungsprozess der erforderlichen Löcher, da der Herstellungsprozess zumeist trennend, zum Beispiel durch Bohren oder Stanzen erfolgt, wobei die Last tragenden Fasern im Lochbereich durchtrennt werden. Die Durchtrennung vermindert lokal das Tragverhalten des Faserverbundes und verursacht somit eine Schwachstelle im Bauteil.Another disadvantage results from the manufacturing process of the required holes, since the manufacturing process is usually separated, for example by drilling or punching, wherein the load-bearing fibers are severed in the hole area. The severing locally reduces the structural behavior of the fiber composite and thus causes a weak point in the component.
Das in der Druckschrift
Da die meisten Fügetechnologien bei der Herstellung der Verbindung eine beidseitige Zugänglichkeit der Fügestelle erfordern, ist deren Einsatzspektrum auf vorgegebene Bauteilgeometrien oder speziell vorbereitete Fügezonen, wie etwa Flansche, beschränkt. Eine Sonderstellung nehmen Blindniete ein, welche jedoch ausnahmslos auf vorbereitete Fügestellen angewiesen sind.Since most joining technologies require a bilateral accessibility of the joint in the production of the compound, their range of application is limited to predetermined component geometries or specially prepared joining zones, such as flanges. Blind rivets occupy a special position, which, however, invariably depend on prepared joints.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von thermoplastischen Faserverbundbauteilen mittels stiftförmiger Funktionselemente anzugeben, die derart geeignet ausgebildet sind, dass mindestens zwei thermoplastische Faserverbundbauteile unter Verwendung mindestens eines stiftförmigen Funktionselementes ohne signifikante Verminderung des Tragverhaltens im Bereich der Fügestelle verbunden werden können. Eine Vorbereitung der Fügestelle zwecks Einbringung eines Loches soll dabei entfallen. Des Weiteren soll eine einseitige Zugänglichkeit beim Verbindungsvorgang erreicht werden.The invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for connecting thermoplastic fiber composite components by means of pin-shaped functional elements, which are designed so suitable that at least two thermoplastic fiber composite components are connected using at least one pin-shaped functional element without significant reduction of the bearing behavior in the joint can. A preparation of the joint for the purpose of introducing a hole should be omitted. Furthermore, a one-sided accessibility is to be achieved during the connection process.
Diese Aufgaben werden durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1, 3 und 9 gelöst. Das Verfahren zum Verbinden von thermoplastischen Faserverbundbauteilen mittels stiftförmiger Funktionselemente, wobei in den Faserverbundbauteilen sich herstellungstechnisch koordiniert ausgerichtete Fasern in einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff zu einem thermoplastischen Faserverbund ausgebildet befinden,
enthält
gemäß dem Kennzeichenteil des Patentanspruchs 1 folgende Schritte:
- – Positionieren der an der Verbindung beteiligten Faserverbundbauteile und mindestens eines Funktionselementes an einer Seite des Bereichs der Fügestelle,
- – Erwärmen des stiftförmigen Funktionselementes vor dem Herstellen der Verbindung der beiden Faserverbundbauteile in seiner Ausgangsposition mittels einer angepassten Heizung,
- – Pressen des erwärmten Funktionselementes mittels einer Vorschubeinrichtung in die zu fügenden, miteinander kontaktierenden Faserverbundbauteile, wobei der jeweilige thermoplastische, der Fügestelle zugeordnete Werkstoff der zugehörigen Faserverbundbauteile durch Kontakt zum erwärmten Funktionselement und dem daraus folgendem Wärmeübergang lokal aufgeschmolzen wird und wobei das erwärmte Funktionselement die im lokal aufgeschmolzenen Werkstoff beweglichen Fasern verdrängt und in den thermoplastischen Werkstoff der beiden Faserverbundbauteile eindringt,
- – Abkühlen und Erstarren des thermoplastischen Matrixwerkstoffes und Verbleib des Funktionselementes in der Fügestelle und
- – Zurückführen der Vorschubeinrichtung an ihre Ausgangsposition.
contains
according to the characterizing part of
- Positioning the fiber composite components participating in the connection and at least one functional element on one side of the area of the joint,
- Heating the pin-shaped functional element before establishing the connection of the two fiber composite components in its initial position by means of a matched heating,
- - Pressing of the heated functional element by means of a feed device in the to be joined, mutually contacting fiber composite components, wherein the respective thermoplastic, the joint associated material of the associated fiber composite components by contact to the heated functional element and the thereof the following heat transfer is locally melted and wherein the heated functional element displaces the fibers which are movable in the locally molten material and penetrates into the thermoplastic material of the two fiber composite components,
- - Cooling and solidification of the thermoplastic matrix material and whereabouts of the functional element in the joint and
- - Returning the feed device to its starting position.
Das Erwärmen des stiftförmigen Funktionselements kann vor oder während der Positionierung des Funktionselements durchgeführt werden.The heating of the pin-shaped functional element can be carried out before or during the positioning of the functional element.
Die Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von thermoplastischen Faserverbundbauteilen mittels stiftförmiger Funktionselemente unter Verwendung des Verfahrens, wobei in den Faserverbundbauteilen sich herstellungstechnisch koordiniert ausgerichtete Fasern in einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff zu einem thermoplastischen Faserverbund ausgebildet befinden, besitzt
gemäß dem Kennzeichenteil des Patentanspruchs 3 zumindest
- – eine Funktionselementhalterungseinrichtung zur Positionierung des Funktionselementes in seiner Ausgangsposition,
- – eine Heizung zumindest zum Erwärmen der äußeren Oberfläche des zur Verbindung vorgesehenen und positionierten Funktionselementes,
- – eine Vorschubeinrichtung zum Einpressen des erwärmten Funktionselementes in die zu verbindenden Faserverbundbauteile.
according to the characterizing part of
- A functional element holding device for positioning the functional element in its starting position,
- A heating at least for heating the outer surface of the functional element provided and positioned for connection,
- - A feed device for pressing the heated functional element in the fiber composite components to be joined.
Die Vorrichtung kann darüber hinaus wahlweise:
- – eine Positionier-/Halterungsanordnung für die mit dem Funktionselement zu verbindenden Faserverbundbauteile,
- – eine Kühleinrichtung zum Kühlen der Fügestelle im Anschluss an den Verbindungsvorgang,
- – ein Funktionselementmagazin mit einem Funktionselementzuführungsmechanismus zur Funktionselementhalterungseinrichtung sowie
- – zumindest eine zentrale Einheit zur Steuerung der Anordnung und/oder der Funktion der einzelnen Baugruppen und zur Steuerung des Verbindungsprozesses der Faserverbundbauteile mittels des Funktionselements
- A positioning / holding arrangement for the fiber composite components to be connected to the functional element,
- A cooling device for cooling the joint following the bonding process,
- - A functional element magazine with a functional element feed mechanism for functional element holding device as well
- - At least one central unit for controlling the arrangement and / or the function of the individual modules and for controlling the connection process of the fiber composite components by means of the functional element
Die zentrale Einheit kann dabei über energieversorgungs-/signaltechnische Verbindungsleitungen mit der Vorschubeinrichtung, der Heizung, der Positionier-/Halterungsanordnung, einer Funktionselementzuführungseinrichtung und einer Funktionselementhalterungseinrichtung sowie der Kühleinrichtung verbunden sein.The central unit can be connected via energy supply / signal technical connection lines with the feed device, the heater, the positioning / support arrangement, a functional element supply means and a functional element holding device and the cooling device.
Weitere Baugruppen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens können in der Vorrichtung ausgebildet und vorgesehen sein, wobei die weiteren Baugruppen mit zugehörigen energieversorgungs-/signaltechnischen Verbindungsleitungen entweder mit der zentralen Einheit oder mit anderen z. B. dezentralen Steuereinheiten verbunden sein können.Other modules for performing the method can be formed and provided in the device, the other modules with associated energy / signal technical connection lines either with the central unit or with other z. B. decentralized control units can be connected.
Das Funktionselement kann
gemäß dem Kennzeichenteil des Patentanspruchs 9
ein vorzugsweise metallisches stiftartiges Element zum einfachen Verbinden der Faserverbundbauteile oder ein passives stiftartiges Element zur lokalen Anpassung der Struktureigenschaften der Fügestelle oder ein aktives und/oder adaptives stiftförmiges Funktionselement zur gezielten Beeinflussung des Strukturverhaltens oder ein mit einem in seinem Innern zumindest ein zusätzliches Element enthaltendes stiftförmiges Funktionselement, das mit einer starren wärmeaufnehmenden Metallhaut umgeben ist, darstellen. Das zusätzliche Element kann ein Sensor sein.The functional element can
according to the characterizing part of
a preferably metallic pin-like element for easily connecting the fiber composite components or a passive pin-like element for local adaptation of the structural properties of the joint or an active and / or adaptive pin-shaped functional element for selectively influencing the structural behavior or with a containing in its interior at least one additional element pin-shaped functional element , which is surrounded by a rigid heat-absorbing metal skin pose. The additional element can be a sensor.
Kernpunkt der Erfindung ist die Erwärmung/Erhitzung des stiftförmigen Funktionselementes, wobei durch Kontakt des stiftartigen Funktionselementes die thermoplastische Matrix des Faserverbundwerkstoffes lokal aufgeschmolzen und somit dem Funktionselement das Eindringen in den Werkstoff ermöglicht wird.The core of the invention is the heating / heating of the pin-shaped functional element, wherein the thermoplastic matrix of the fiber composite material is locally melted by contact of the pin-like functional element and thus the functional element is allowed to penetrate into the material.
Der wesentliche Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass für die Herstellung der Verbindung außer der präzisen Positionierung keine spezifische Vorbereitung der Fügestelle notwendig ist. Die stiftförmigen Funktionselemente verdrängen beim Eindringen in den aufgeschmolzenen thermoplastischen Werkstoff die Fasern, so dass nahezu keine lokale Faserschädigung hervorgerufen werden kann. Der Einsatz solcher erwärmter Funktionselemente dient also der faserschonenden Verbindung der Faserverbundbauteile und zur Verstärkung.The essential advantage of the invention is that no specific preparation of the joint is necessary for the preparation of the compound except the precise positioning. The pin-shaped functional elements displace the fibers during penetration into the molten thermoplastic material, so that almost no local fiber damage can be caused. The use of such heated functional elements thus serves the fiber-friendly connection of the fiber composite components and for reinforcement.
Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass das Verbindungselement in den Faserverbund eindringt, ist zudem der Erwärmungsprozess des Matrixmaterials nicht durch kunststofftypische langsame Wärmeleitvorgänge charakterisiert, sondern durch einen direkten Wärmeübergang vom erwärmten Funktionselement auf den zu erweichenden Matrixwerkstoff. Daraus resultiert eine deutlich höhere Fügegeschwindigkeit als bei separater Erwärmung der Fügezone in einem vorangehenden Arbeitsschritt und dem anschließenden Einbringen des verbindenden Funktionselementes.Due to the fact that the connecting element penetrates into the fiber composite, moreover, the heating process of the matrix material is not characterized by plastic-typical slow Wärmeleitvorgänge, but by a direct heat transfer from the heated functional element on the matrix material to be softened. This results in a significantly higher joining speed than with separate heating of the joining zone in a preceding step and the subsequent introduction of the connecting functional element.
Des Weiteren verlangt diese Fügetechnologie lediglich eine einseitige Zugänglichkeit, was sie besonders für einen Einsatz bei komplexen Geometrien der Fügepartner – der Faserverbundbauteile – prädestiniert. Aufgrund der daraus resultierenden hohen Flexibilität dieser Technologie ist sie besonders für den Einsatz in der industriellen Praxis geeignet. Furthermore, this joining technology requires only one-sided accessibility, which predestines it especially for use with complex geometries of the joining partners - the fiber composite components. Due to the resulting high flexibility of this technology, it is particularly suitable for use in industrial practice.
Aufgrund ihres einfachen Wirkprinzips lässt sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung konstruktiv so ausführen, dass der Fügeprozess z. B. durch Montage an einem Roboter, automatisiert werden kann. Des Weiteren kann, beispielsweise für Reparaturvorgänge an beschädigten Bauteilen, die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in ein ortsunabhängiges Handgerät integriert werden.Due to its simple principle of action, the device according to the invention can be designed so constructively that the joining process z. B. by mounting on a robot, can be automated. Furthermore, for example, for repair operations on damaged components, the device according to the invention can be integrated into a location-independent handset.
Neben der bereits ausgeführten Hauptanwendung der Verbindung mindestens zweier vor dem Fügeprozess getrennter Einzelstrukturen kann die Technologie des Weiteren zur gezielten Einstellung der lokalen Eigenschaften faserverstärkter Thermoplaste genutzt werden. Dies betrifft besonders die Festigkeits- bzw. Steifigkeitseigenschaften senkrecht zur Hauptverstärkungsebene, da das Funktionselement als Verstärkung der Laminatstruktur in Funktionselementrichtung wirkt.In addition to the already described main application of the connection of at least two individual structures separated before the joining process, the technology can furthermore be used for the targeted adjustment of the local properties of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. This particularly relates to the strength or stiffness properties perpendicular to the main reinforcement plane, since the functional element acts as a reinforcement of the laminate structure in the functional element direction.
Außerdem besteht durch die Variation von Art und Anzahl der Funktionselemente die Möglichkeit zur Einstellung der thermischen Leiteigenschaften in Laminat-Dickenrichtung, zum Beispiel für einen verbesserten Wärmetransport.In addition, by varying the type and number of functional elements, it is possible to adjust the thermal conductivity properties in the laminate thickness direction, for example for improved heat transfer.
Weiterhin ermöglichen das Verfahren, die Vorrichtung und das Funktionselement spezielle funktionale Elemente in den Verbund der Faserverbundbauteile zu integrieren, wie zum Beispiel aktive und/oder adaptive Funktionselemente, um somit eine gezielte Beeinflussung des Strukturverhaltens zu erlauben oder das Strukturverhalten der Faserverbundbauteile zu überwachen.Furthermore, the method enable the device and the functional element to integrate special functional elements into the composite of the fiber composite components, such as active and / or adaptive functional elements, in order to allow targeted influencing of the structural behavior or to monitor the structural behavior of the fiber composite components.
Weiterbildungen und besondere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in weiteren Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further developments and special embodiments of the invention are specified in further subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mittels mehrerer Zeichnungen näher erläutert:
Es zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment by means of several drawings:
Show it:
zeigen,
demonstrate,
zeigen,
demonstrate,
zeigen und
show and
In der
Die Vorrichtung
Außerdem können zur Vorrichtung
Die zentrale Einheit
Weitere Baugruppen zur einfachen und schnellen Durchführung der Verbindung können in der Vorrichtung
Die Heizung
Die Positionier-/Halterungseinrichtung
Der bewegbare Vorrichtungsteil
Dabei kann in der zentralen Einheit
Der Durchmesser eines stiftförmigen Funktionselementes
Das stiftförmige Funktionselement
Die fügenden/verbindenden Funktionselemente
Die fügenden/verbindenden Funktionselemente
Die fügenden/verbindenden Funktionselemente
Das mit der Vorrichtung
- – Positionieren der an der Verbindung beteiligten Faserverbundbauteile
4 ,6 und mindestens eines Funktionselementes2 in seiner Ausgangsposition, - – Erwärmen/Erhitzen des stiftförmigen Funktionselementes
2 vor dem Herstellen der Verbindung der beiden Faserverbundbauteile4 ,6 in seiner Ausgangsposition mittels einer angepassten Heizung3 , - – Pressen des erwärmten Funktionselementes
2 mittels eines Vorschubmechanismus1 in die zu fügenden, miteinander kontaktierenden Faserverbundbauteile4 ,6 , wobei der jeweilige der Fügestelle5 zugeordnete thermoplastische Werkstoff15 der zugehörigen Faserverbundbauteile4 ,6 durch Kontakt zum erwärmten Funktionselement2 und dem daraus folgendem Wärmeübergang auf dieFaserverbundbauteile 4 ,6 lokal aufgeschmolzen wird und wobeidas erwärmte Funktionselement 2 die im aufgeschmolzenen Werkstoff15 bewegbaren Fasern14 verdrängt und inden thermoplastischen Werkstoff 15 der beiden Faserverbundbauteile4 ,6 eindringt, - – Abkühlen und Erstarren des thermoplastischen Werkstoffes
15 und Verbleib des Funktionselementes2 inder Fügestelle 5 und - –
Zurückführen der Vorschubeinrichtung 1 an ihre Ausgangsposition.
- - Positioning of the fiber composite components involved in the
connection 4 .6 and at least onefunctional element 2 in its starting position, - - Heating / heating of the pin-shaped
functional element 2 before establishing the connection of the twofiber composite components 4 .6 in its starting position by means of an adaptedheater 3 . - - Pressing the heated
functional element 2 by means of afeed mechanism 1 in the to be joined, contacting each otherfiber composite components 4 .6 , where the respective the joint5 associatedthermoplastic material 15 the associatedfiber composite components 4 .6 by contact to the heatedfunctional element 2 and the consequent heat transfer to thefiber composite components 4 .6 is locally melted and wherein the heatedfunctional element 2 in themolten material 15 movable fibers 14 displaced and in thethermoplastic material 15 the twofiber composite components 4 .6 penetrates, - - Cooling and solidification of the
thermoplastic material 15 and whereabouts of thefunctional element 2 in the joint5 and - - Returning the
feed device 1 to their starting position.
Im Folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verbinden von thermoplastischen Faserverbundbauteilen
Das Erwärmen des stiftförmigen Funktionselements
Anschließend wird, wie in
Dem Vorrichtungsteil
In den
In den
Die Gestaltung der stiftförmigen Funktionselemente
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 11
- Vorschubeinrichtungfeeder
- 22
- stiftförmiges Funktionselementpin-shaped functional element
- 33
- Heizungheater
- 44
- erstes Faserverbundbauteilfirst fiber composite component
- 55
- Fügestellejoint
- 66
- zweites Faserverbundbauteilsecond fiber composite component
- 77
- FunktionselementhalterungseinrichtungFunctional element mounting device
- 88th
- Kühleinrichtungcooling device
- 99
- zentrale Einheitcentral unit
- 1010
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 1111
- energieversorgungs-/signaltechnische VerbindungsleitungPower supply / signal connection line
- 1212
- Positionier-/HalterungsanordnungPositioning / bracket assembly
- 1313
- Steuereinheitcontrol unit
- 1414
- Faserfiber
- 1515
- thermoplastischer Werkstoff/Matrixwerkstoffthermoplastic material / matrix material
- 1616
- Sensorsensor
- 1717
- Wärme aufnehmender MantelHeat absorbing coat
- 1818
- Einrichtungsträgerdevice carrier
- 1919
- Induktionsspuleinduction coil
- 2020
- Magnetspulesolenoid
- 2121
- Positionierringpositioning
- 2222
- Spulenabdeckungspool cover
- 2323
- Spulenhalterspool holder
- 2424
- Oberflächesurface
- 2525
- Vorrichtungsteildevice part
- 2626
- thermoplastischer Faserverbundthermoplastic fiber composite
- 2727
- KühlluftanschlussCooling air connection
- 2828
- Vorsprüngeprojections
- 2929
- Düsejet
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- EP 0268957 A1 [0005] EP 0268957 A1 [0005]
- DE 102004038084 A1 [0006, 0008] DE 102004038084 A1 [0006, 0008]
Claims (11)
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DE102009056580A DE102009056580A1 (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2009-11-23 | Method for connecting thermoplastic fiber composite components by stick-shaped functional elements, involves positioning fiber composite components involved in connection and functional element in its initial position |
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DE102009056580A DE102009056580A1 (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2009-11-23 | Method for connecting thermoplastic fiber composite components by stick-shaped functional elements, involves positioning fiber composite components involved in connection and functional element in its initial position |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102009056580A1 true DE102009056580A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
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DE102013201963A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component |
DE102013109000A1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2015-02-26 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for connecting a component composite of at least two fiber composite components |
DE102013109995A1 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-12 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Method for producing a component from a fiber composite material with a hole |
DE102014102024A1 (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-08-20 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method and tool for producing an opening in a fiber composite component |
DE102014203761A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for mounting a component made of a fiber composite material in the power flow of a clamping connection |
KR101663142B1 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-10-07 | 주식회사 에스컴텍 | fastening method of layered plate using Z-pin |
DE102016215695A1 (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-02-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for connecting at least two components by means of a screw connection |
DE102016218896A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-29 | Technische Universität Dresden | Method and device for pre-hole insertion for the connection of fiber-plastic composites with each other and with other materials |
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DE102013022429B3 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2019-07-04 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Method for producing a component from a fiber composite material with a hole |
WO2020109610A1 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for connecting thermoplastic composite material parts |
DE102020201609A1 (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2021-08-12 | Elringklinger Ag | Method for functionalizing a fiber-reinforced plastic component, functional element for functionalizing a fiber-reinforced plastic component, component composite and device for functionalizing a fiber-reinforced plastic component |
DE102014211796B4 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2022-11-03 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | joining process |
DE102015106563B4 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2024-03-21 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for connecting fiber-reinforced structural components |
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CN104067006B (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2017-04-19 | 约翰逊控股公司 | Fastening element and method for mounting same |
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DE102013109000A1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2015-02-26 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for connecting a component composite of at least two fiber composite components |
DE102013109995A1 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-12 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Method for producing a component from a fiber composite material with a hole |
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US9884454B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 | 2018-02-06 | Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing an opening in a fiber composite component |
DE102014102024A1 (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-08-20 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method and tool for producing an opening in a fiber composite component |
DE102014203761A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for mounting a component made of a fiber composite material in the power flow of a clamping connection |
US10471664B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2019-11-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for mounting a fiber composite component in the flow of force of a clamp connection |
DE102014211796B4 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2022-11-03 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | joining process |
DE102015106563B4 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2024-03-21 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for connecting fiber-reinforced structural components |
KR101663142B1 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-10-07 | 주식회사 에스컴텍 | fastening method of layered plate using Z-pin |
DE102016215695A1 (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-02-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for connecting at least two components by means of a screw connection |
DE102016218896A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-29 | Technische Universität Dresden | Method and device for pre-hole insertion for the connection of fiber-plastic composites with each other and with other materials |
US10744721B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2020-08-18 | Airbus Operations Limited | Joining method and apparatus |
GB2558270A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-11 | Airbus Group Ltd | Joining method and apparatus |
WO2019086263A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-09 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Connection element for fiber composite material components, method for connecting fiber composite material components, device for connecting fiber composite material components, and fiber composite material component assembly |
DE102017125621A1 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-02 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Connecting element for fiber composite components, method for connecting fiber composite components, apparatus for connecting fiber composite components and fiber composite component assembly |
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DE102020201609A1 (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2021-08-12 | Elringklinger Ag | Method for functionalizing a fiber-reinforced plastic component, functional element for functionalizing a fiber-reinforced plastic component, component composite and device for functionalizing a fiber-reinforced plastic component |
US20240100793A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-28 | The Boeing Company | Countersinks in thin gauge thermoplastic skins |
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