DE102019107190A1 - Valve and heating system with such a valve - Google Patents

Abstract

A valve (34) is specified which has several connections, namely several inputs (E1 to E5) and several outputs (A1, A2, A3), as well as an actuator (48) and several switching positions (S1 to S4), the Adjusting body (48) has several connection channels (52), each for connecting at least one input (E1 to E5) to at least one output (A1, A2, A3), with one or more connection channels (52) assigned to each switching position (S1 to S4) are, by means of which in the corresponding switching position (S1 to S4) at least some of the connections are connected to one another, the adjusting body (48) being rotatable relative to the connections about a longitudinal axis (L) for setting a switching position (S1 to S4), wherein the inputs (E1 to E5) and the outputs (A1, A2, A3) are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) in several planes (E). A heating system (2) with such a valve (34) is also specified.

Description

The invention relates to a valve for a heating system and a corresponding heating system with such a valve.

A heating system is used, for example, to control the temperature of various components of an electric or hybrid vehicle. Such a device has an electric drive train for locomotion, which is supplied with electrical energy from a high-voltage storage device. The high-voltage storage unit is alternatively referred to as an electric storage unit or a battery. The temperature control of the high-voltage storage system is of particular importance for optimal vehicle operation. The high-voltage battery is integrated into a vehicle's heating system for temperature control. To control the temperature of the various vehicle components, a coolant circulates in the heating system, which is diverted as required by means of suitable actuators in order to meet various temperature control requirements for the individual components.

For example, in the DE 10 2015 220 623 A1 a coolant circuit with a valve arrangement is described which has several switching positions in order to be able to set different operating modes. Specifically, a switch is made here between two cooling operations for the high-voltage storage unit, with the high-voltage storage unit being connected in series with a cooler in one switch position and with a chiller in another switch position. There is also a heating circuit in the coolant circuit, which can be shut off by means of a shut-off valve and is used for heating the interior.

In the US 2017/0152957 A1 describes a valve with three inputs and two outputs. The valve is used to divert coolant within a cooling system. Two of the inputs can be connected alone or together with one of the outputs, while the remaining input is connected to the remaining output. By means of the valve, a first and a second cooling circuit can optionally be connected to one another in series or in parallel. The first cooling circuit contains a cooler and a bypass for this, the second cooling circuit contains a chiller and a battery.

Against this background, it is an object to specify an improved valve for a heating system, in particular for a heating system of an electric or hybrid vehicle. The valve should be as compact as possible and enable the most flexible possible distribution of coolant in the heating system with as few switching positions as possible. A correspondingly improved heating system is also to be specified.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a valve with the features according to claim 1 and by a heating system with the features according to claim 12. Advantageous embodiments, developments and variants are the subject matter of the subclaims. The statements made in connection with the valve apply accordingly to the heating system and vice versa.

The valve has several connections, namely several inputs and several outputs. The connections are each designed, for example, as a nozzle. When the heating system is in operation, coolant enters the valve via one or more of the inlets and is there distributed to one or more of the outlets. The valve also has a housing and an actuating body. In particular, the control body is inserted into the housing and partially or completely surrounded by it. In particular, the connections are each attached to the housing or are integral, i. integrally or monolithically formed with this.

The valve also has several switch positions, by means of which, in particular, different assignments of the inputs to the outputs can be set in order to divert coolant differently during operation depending on the switch position set. In a respective switch position, the inputs are connected to the outputs, in particular in a specific and fixed manner. The inputs and outputs are regularly connected differently in different switch positions. In addition to these multiple switching positions, the valve has a further switching position in a suitable embodiment in which the valve is completely closed, in that none of the inputs is connected to one or more outputs, so that no coolant is passed through the valve.

The actuating body has several connecting channels, each for connecting an input to an output, ie at least one input to at least one output. The connecting channels are alternatively also referred to as chambers, with each connecting channel then representing its own chamber. The connection channels determine the assignments of the inputs to the outputs in the respective switch position. The connecting channels of the adjusting body are in particular formed independently of one another, that is to say separately from one another. Furthermore, the connection channels are in particular hydraulically separated from one another, that is to say they do not intersect or cross each other, so that coolant cannot pass from one connection channel to the other. Each switch position, ie each of the several switch positions, is assigned one or more connection channels, by means of which at least in the corresponding switch position some of the ports are linked together. More precisely, a respective connecting channel has in particular at least one channel inlet or an inlet area, for connection to one or more inlets, and a channel outlet or an outlet area, for connection to one or more outlets. If in a switching position an input is connected to an output via a connection channel in such a way that coolant can be conveyed from the connection into the connection channel or vice versa, then this connection channel is connected to the corresponding connections in that same switching position. If, on the other hand, the connection is connected to the connection channel and blocked, closed or blocked so that no exchange of coolant is possible, then the connection is not connected to the connection channel. Accordingly, “connected” is specifically understood to mean, in particular, a hydraulic, ie fluidic connection of a connection to a connection channel.

By switching between the switching positions, different assignments between the inputs and the outputs can be set. In a respective switch position, the connection channels set the corresponding assignment between the inputs and the outputs.

In a given switch position, it is not absolutely necessary for all connections to be connected to one connection channel. In a suitable embodiment, at least one connection is then not connected to a connection channel in a respective switching position, but rather connected to it, but fluidically separated from it and, so to speak, blind, that is, it is not used during operation. Alternatively or additionally, some or all of the connections can each be shut off, so that a corresponding connection can be connected to a connection channel in a given switching position, but is not connected to this, since the connection is blocked so that no coolant exchange takes place. In a suitable embodiment, a connection is connected to a connection channel, but not connected to it, but blindly or blocked by an elevation or the like being formed in the connection channel in the area of the connection, so that this connection is then closed and blocked by the elevation.

To set a switch position, i.e. one of the several switching positions, the adjusting body can be rotated relative to the connections about a longitudinal axis. The connections preferably each extend in a radial direction, i. especially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. In order to rotate the actuator, the valve comprises in particular an actuator, e.g. an engine. When the control body is rotated, the connection channels are correspondingly rotated relative to the connections, so that, depending on the switching position, different assignments with different connections between the inputs and outputs result. The adjusting body is in particular a rotating body with respect to the longitudinal axis, preferably a cylinder, which is then also referred to as an adjusting cylinder. The adjusting body has a jacket surface which runs around the longitudinal axis in a direction of rotation. The connecting channels are accessible via the jacket surface, in particular the channel inlets or inlet areas and the channel outlets or outlet areas are arranged in the jacket surface for this purpose. During operation, in a given switching position, coolant flows into the valve via the inputs and into the connected connecting channels and from there flows out of the valve via the outputs.

The actuating body and correspondingly also the lateral surface are in particular divided into several sectors, with only the channel inputs and channel outputs of one of the several switching positions being arranged in the sector, so that this sector is assigned to the switching position. A respective sector is either formed contiguously or divided into spatially separated subsectors. A combination is also possible and suitable. The latter variant is particularly suitable when the inputs and outputs are on, for example, opposite sides of the actuator and in any case not next to each other in the direction of rotation, so that the channel inputs are then on one subsector and the channel outputs on another subsector of a sector for the same switch position. One sub-sector is then an input sector, the other sub-sector an output sector. The sectors are arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation, so that when the adjusting body is rotated, the sectors pass over the connections one after the other and thus the switch positions are passed through one after the other. In a suitable embodiment, there is exactly one sector for each switch position, in which all the connecting channels for this switch position are located. For example, the valve has four switching positions and the adjusting body has four sectors, each of which is a quarter of the adjusting body.
In particular, the valve has only a single control element, by means of which all switching positions of the valve can be adjusted. In particular, this adjusting body also has all the connecting channels.

The inlets and outlets are each arranged one behind the other in several planes in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the planes in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis as well run in particular in the radial direction. In other words: on the one hand the inputs are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis in several levels and on the other hand the outputs are also arranged one behind the other in several levels. This is understood in particular to mean that the inlets and outlets are arranged at different longitudinal positions in the direction of the longitudinal axis. If the longitudinal axis runs from bottom to top, the levels are one above the other. Overall, the levels are stacked on top of each other and thus form a stack. This means that at least two inputs are arranged in different levels and that at least two outputs are arranged in different levels. The connections are therefore not arranged in a common plane, but in different planes one above the other. This results in particular geometric advantages in the manufacture of the valve, especially the arrangement of the connecting channels. In an advantageous embodiment, one input and one output are arranged together in one plane; in a variant, inputs and outputs are arranged offset from one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis and are then not arranged in common planes. A combination is also fundamentally possible and suitable. The planes are preferably spaced apart from one another by at least one dimension of a respective connection in the longitudinal direction.

“In the direction of the longitudinal axis” is understood in particular to mean “parallel or along the longitudinal axis”, that is to say “in a longitudinal direction”. A direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, on the other hand, is referred to as a “radial direction”.

The invention is initially based on the consideration that a number of fluid flows often have to be controlled in a heating system, so that a corresponding number of valves are required. With increasing complexity of the heating system, this leads to higher costs, a higher number of components and a reduced reliability of the entire heating system. Therefore, in the present case, several valves of a heating system are combined in a single valve, which is therefore also referred to as a multi-valve or a combination valve. Because several inputs and outputs are combined in a single valve, particularly complex interconnections can be implemented in a simple manner with this valve and their functionalities are therefore combined in this one valve. Due to the special design of the connecting channels and generally of the actuating body, various switching combinations of several simpler valves are advantageously combined in the multi-valve. This results in a corresponding reduction in installation space as well as weight and cost savings. In particular, numerous connections and lines are saved, which are only used to connect several valves to one another. The heating system has an increased assembly quality. The number of components is significantly reduced, which in particular also reduces the failure probability of the heating system. In addition, a heating system with a multi-valve instead of several individual valves is much more maintenance-friendly.

Another advantage of the multivalve is that it is also less prone to errors. With several separate valves, the switching positions of the valves are also fundamentally independent of one another due to the several independent actuating bodies. In addition, there are regularly combinations of switch positions that have no function or can even damage the heating system. Such combinations are advantageously excluded with the multi-valve, since it only has switching positions which are compatible with the heating system and which represent useful functions. In the case of the multi-valve, in particular, exactly one switch position is always set, so that there are no mutually independent switching options and an inadvertent faulty connection is advantageously excluded.

An essential aspect are the multiple connecting channels of the valve, which fundamentally differs from a valve with only one chamber or mixing chamber, to which different coolant flows are supplied depending on the switching position. By using several connecting channels, ie several chambers, a particularly targeted and flexible distribution and diversion of coolant is realized. In particular, a respective connecting channel is not necessarily connected in every switching position, but rather, for example, in just one switching position or in a partial number of the multiple switching positions and then not connected in the other switching positions and is therefore unused and in particular functionless. By means of a connection channel which connects an input to an output in one of the switching positions but not in another switching position, the connection between the corresponding input and output can be shut off and generally activated by switching between the two switching positions and then opened or deactivated and then closed . The function of a shut-off valve is thus implemented. Alternatively, the input is connected to an output in one switching position, but in the other switching position it is connected to another output via another connection channel. This combination of two connecting channels in two different switching positions means that the functionality of a 3/2-way valve is implemented. Alternatively or additionally a connection channel designed in such a way that it connects an input to an output in one switch position and in another switch position also another connection, so that the connection channel connects two connections in one switch position and another connection in the other switch position, i.e. three in total Connections.

At least two connecting channels are preferably connected in each switching position, so that in each switching position at least two inputs are connected to at least one output each, for the passage of coolant. The two connecting channels are separated from each other, i.e. There is no exchange of coolant between the two connecting channels within the valve. However, it is possible that the two connecting channels in the heating system are connected to one another in series and the coolant then flows through one after the other. The components that are connected to the respective inputs are effectively connected in series with one another.

A respective connection channel can be connected to one or more inputs within a single switch position. A common connecting channel for several entrances is particularly advantageous if these entrances are arranged one after the other as viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis. When the heating system is in operation, this results in a mixing of two coolant flows within the valve. The connecting channel then forms a mixing chamber, so to speak. The components that are connected to the respective inputs are effectively connected in parallel to one another. In particular, embodiments are preferred in which one or more connecting channels are formed which connect exactly two inputs together with one output.

From the foregoing it is particularly clear that both series connections and parallel connections can be set by means of the valve in the heating system and that it is also possible to switch between them by creating corresponding switching positions.

A respective connection channel is connected, that is to say used, either in only a single switch position according to a first variant or in several switch positions according to a second variant. The second variant leads to a particularly compact embodiment, since a single connecting channel is used several times in different switching positions, so to speak. The corresponding connection channel does not necessarily have to connect the same connections to one another in both switching positions, but rather connects different connections to one another in a suitable alternative.

The selected naming of certain connections as inputs and other connections as outputs primarily serves to differentiate them relative to one another, but is basically also reversible, i.e. further variants result from the fact that the terms “input” and “output” are interchanged so that the coolant then flows the other way around through the valve. The valve is then possibly also connected to the heating system differently. However, the assignment selected in the present case leads in particular to an embodiment in which the valve is advantageously arranged downstream of heat-generating components during operation, with corresponding advantages for the functionality of the valve and the operation of the heating system.

Each of the connecting channels is preferably connected in a corresponding switching position to at most one of the outputs, that is to say discharges all of the coolant via a single output. In a likewise suitable embodiment, each of the connecting channels is alternatively or additionally designed to connect one or more inputs to exactly one output in exactly one switching position.

In an advantageous embodiment, at most one input and at most one output are arranged in a respective plane. Each entrance is preferably on a different level, i. at a different longitudinal position, and likewise each exit is in a different plane, i.e. at a different longitudinal position. In other words: all entrances are arranged in different levels and all exits are also arranged in different levels. This advantageously prevents a connection channel from being connected in different switching positions to correspondingly different inputs when the adjusting body is rotated.

In principle, two different configurations are suitable for the connecting channels, which are combined with one another in an advantageous variant. In a first advantageous embodiment, the connecting channels each run in the direction of rotation around the longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the connecting channels are each formed in particular arcuate and thus run in a curved manner around the longitudinal axis. The connecting channels do not necessarily run within just one level, but rather are preferably formed across levels, that is to say connect different levels with one another. Preferably, an arcuate connecting channel is at a constant distance from the longitudinal axis, that is to say runs along it of a constant radius. The connecting channels typically do not run around the longitudinal axis completely, but for example only on a single one of several sectors of the actuating body, the sectors being formed and arranged in the circumferential direction. In one variant, at least one connection channel runs over several sectors and is therefore used in several switching positions.

As already described, the valve has, in particular, a housing and the actuating body has, in particular, a lateral surface. In an advantageous embodiment, the connecting channels are formed on the jacket surface and are delimited in the radial direction by the housing. The connecting channels are thus formed on the outer circumference of the adjusting body. The connecting channels are therefore particularly open in the radial direction, but are closed by the housing when the valve is installed. Such a valve is particularly easy to manufacture since the connecting channels can only be produced by machining the surface of the adjusting body and are, for example, milled. In a suitable embodiment, the connecting channels are each formed as a recess, in particular a groove, in the jacket surface and the jacket surface rests on an inner wall of the housing. Alternatively, the jacket surface is spaced apart from the inner wall of the housing, and several partition walls are arranged on the jacket surface, which are in contact with the housing, so that a connecting channel is formed by the jacket surface, the inner wall and two partition walls. In principle, both concepts can also be combined.

As an alternative or in addition to the first embodiment mentioned, a second embodiment is also suitable for a connection channel, in which the connection channels are designed like a tunnel and extend through the actuating body. The connecting channels are incorporated in the control body, e.g. as bores or as chambers, for example in that the actuating body is manufactured as a cast part by means of a casting process or as a 3d printed part by means of a 3D printing process.

In an advantageous embodiment, the actuating body has a central channel which extends at least in sections along the longitudinal axis to one end of the actuating body and is connected there to one of the connections. In particular, several of the connecting channels are connected to the central channel. A connection is arranged at the end of the central channel, in particular an output which is also referred to as a central connection or a central output. Since the central channel and the central connection remain in the same position relative to the connections when rotated around the longitudinal axis, the central channel represents an extension of the central connection into the actuating body. The central channel extends over one or more levels. A connecting channel is then connected to the central channel, in particular in the radial direction, in that either the connecting channel extends in the direction of the central channel into the interior of the actuating body or in that the central channel has a corresponding radial section which bends from the central channel and bends in the radial direction, i.e. runs in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, outwards to the lateral surface and is connected there to the connecting channel. Depending on the configuration, several connection channels within a single switch position are connected jointly to the central channel or several connection channels with different switch positions are connected to the central channel.

The configuration with a central channel is particularly advantageous if one of the connections is required in several or all switching positions and is to be connected. This connection is then designed as a central connection. The central connection is then connected to and connected to the corresponding connection via the central channel in a respective switching position via the associated connection channel.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one switching position is formed over an angular range of the actuating body and in this switching position a variable overlap is formed between one of the connections and one of the connecting channels, which can be adjusted by rotating the actuating body within the angular range, for setting a volume flow through the Connection channel within the switch position. As a result, a connection channel is formed which can be activated or deactivated as required in the corresponding switching position for the corresponding connection, i.e. the corresponding connection can be shut off. The connecting channels, which are to be connected to connections over the entire angular range in this switching position, are designed to be extended in the circumferential direction relative to the position of the connections in order to remain continuously connected to the respective connection when rotated within the angular range. For this purpose, an angle is expediently formed between the inputs and the outputs which is smaller than an angle which is occupied by a respective sector, so that the actuating body can be rotated in a corresponding angular range without the connections leaving the sector.

The adjustable overlap creates an additional degree of freedom in the corresponding switch position. This is especially true then advantageous if a function is integrated into the valve which is largely independent of the other functions, ie if a further connection should be able to be activated or deactivated as required in one, several or all switching positions. In the case of a heating system for a vehicle, this is, for example, connecting or disconnecting a heating circuit as required, since the interior heating can be set largely independently of the temperature control of other components. The implementation of a connection as required for a number of switch positions would effectively lead to a doubling of this number, since basically each switch position, which is optionally intended to establish the further connection, would have to be formed once with this connection and once without this connection. In principle, an embodiment is possible and suitable in which a shut-off valve is connected upstream of that connection which is to be optionally connectable to another connection in a switching position. In the present case, however, this functionality is advantageously integrated into the valve in that the overlap of a connection with a connection channel can be varied by rotating. However, between the connections, which should be connected in any case in the switching position, and the associated connecting channels, an overlap is formed which expediently remains constant during rotation within the angular range.

In an advantageous embodiment, the overlap is variable in that an elevation is formed in a connecting channel which blocks or closes a connection differently depending on the position within the angular range. The elevation preferably has a varying width measured in the direction of the longitudinal axis, so that the connection is covered to a different extent by changing the angular position. For example, an elevation is formed with a broad end which is arranged at one end of the angular region and in this position closes the connection, i. E. shut off, and with a narrow end which is arranged at another end of the angular range and in this position releases the connection, i. opens. The elevation is, for example, wedge-shaped so that its width, viewed in the circumferential direction, increases continuously from one end to the other.

In an advantageous embodiment, the valve has a first switching position and a second switching position. In the first switch position, an HVS input is connected to a heat source output. Furthermore, a heat source input is connected to a chiller output. In the second switch position, however, the HVS input is connected to the chiller output and the heat source input is connected to a cooler output. Overall, the valve thus has two inputs and three outputs and a total of five connections. Both inputs are connected in both switch positions. One of the outputs, namely the chiller output, is connected in both switch positions, each with one of the inputs. The remaining input is connected to another output.

In an advantageous embodiment, the valve has a third switching position in which the HVS input and the heat source input are connected to the chiller output. Furthermore, a chiller input is connected to a cooler output. Overall, the valve thus has three inputs and three outputs and a total of six connections. For the third switching position, a connecting channel is now formed which connects two inputs together to one output. In combination with the first and the second switch position, the HVS input and the heat source input can be connected to the chiller output either individually or in combination.

In an advantageous embodiment, the valve has a fourth switching position in which the HVS input and the heat source input are connected to the cooler output. Furthermore, a cooler input is connected to the chiller output or an additional, second chiller output. In total the valve thus has four inlets and three or four outlets, i.e. a total of seven or eight connections. The use of an additional, second chiller outlet is advantageous from a structural point of view, since the connection channels are simpler. The two chiller outlets are connected outside the valve in particular in the heating system. The use of the same chiller output, however, results in an advantageously higher integration for the valve, so that there is no need for an additional line to connect several chiller outputs in the heating system.

In an advantageous embodiment, the valve has a heating input, which is connected to the cooler output in several switching positions, so that a heating connection is formed, the heating connection having an adjustable flow cross-section for setting a volume flow through the heater -Connection within the several switch positions. The heating connection is in particular an additional degree of freedom of the valve as described above. In the simplest case, the heating connection can only be activated and deactivated, ie there are only two states, namely once a connection of the heating input to the cooler output with a certain flow cross-section and once a separation of the heating Input from the cooler output. In a variant, the flow cross-section is continuously enlarged by rotating it over a certain angular range. In any case, regardless of the flow cross-section, the connections between the other connections in a respective switching position in particular remain unchanged, ie their flow cross-sections are constant over the angular range. The flow cross section can be adjusted in particular by means of a variable overlap, as described above.

In the aforementioned embodiment with a heating connection, the cooler outlet is preferably designed as a central connection to which a central channel is connected, as described above.

A heating connection with an adjustable flow cross-section is particularly preferably implemented for the first, second and fourth switch positions, but not for the third switch position. In the first switch position, the heating input is the only input that is potentially connected to the cooler output. In the second and third switch positions, however, a further input is connected to the cooler output.

The valve is preferably used in a heating system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, or vehicle for short, and is designed accordingly for this purpose.

The heating system is designed for use in an electric or hybrid vehicle. The heating system has a valve in one of the configurations described above. This results in the advantages already mentioned in particular. The heating system also has an overall cooling circuit to which the valve is connected and to which a heat source, a high-voltage storage device, a first ambient cooler and a chiller are also connected.

The overall cooling circuit is designed for the circulation of a coolant and for this purpose has in particular corresponding lines and at least one pump. The coolant is preferably a water / glycol mixture. In a suitable embodiment, the overall cooling circuit has a cooling circuit and an HVS circuit as sub-units. A heat source from the electric or hybrid vehicle is connected to the cooling circuit. A first ambient cooler is connected to the cooling circuit downstream from the heat source for heat exchange with the environment. A high-voltage storage device is connected to the HVS circuit to supply an electric drive train in the electric or hybrid vehicle. A chiller is also connected to the HVS circuit, which is also connected to a cooling circuit of the heating system, for the transfer of heat from the HVS circuit to the cooling circuit. Heat which is transferred into the refrigeration circuit is expediently fed back to the overall cooling circuit at another point by means of a condenser which is connected to the overall cooling circuit and is advantageously used there for heating or released to the environment. For the latter in particular, it is useful if the condenser is connected in series with the first ambient heat exchanger.

The overall purpose of the heating system is to meet various temperature control requirements for components in the vehicle. “Temperature control” means cooling or heating. Components of the vehicle are also referred to as "vehicle components". The heating system is used to exchange heat with the vehicle components, which are connected to the overall cooling circuit or the cooling circuit for this purpose.

Furthermore, the heating system has several switching states, which in particular are mutually exclusive. One or more operating modes can be implemented in each switching state. A respective operating mode is set in order to control the temperature of a specific component. To control the temperature of several components at the same time, the corresponding operating modes are set at the same time. Which operating modes can be set at a given point in time, i.e. which temperature control requirements can be met at a given point in time depends on the current switching status of the heating system. The switching state and the operating modes are set by means of the valve. In particular, exactly one switching state of the heating system is assigned to each switching position of the valve. The heating system expediently has a control unit which activates the valve accordingly in order to set a specific switching state.

The heat source is a vehicle component. In general, the heat source generates waste heat during operation, which is dissipated by the heating system. In a preferred embodiment, the heat source is power electronics, an electric machine, an internal combustion engine, a rear vent or the like. In particular, the power electronics control the supply of electrical energy to the electric machine from the vehicle's high-voltage battery. The electric machine is used in particular to drive the vehicle. The electric machine and the power electronics are, in particular, parts of an electric drive train of the vehicle. The heat source is not necessarily a single vehicle component, but alternatively a combination of several vehicle components which are connected in parallel or in series to one another in the cooling circuit, or a combination thereof.

The first ambient cooler is used for heat exchange with the environment and is in particular an air / coolant heat exchanger. The first ambient cooler is arranged in an ambient air path and is regularly exposed to ambient air during operation, especially by the airstream when the vehicle is in motion.

The high-voltage storage device is used to supply the vehicle's electric drive with electrical energy and is designed accordingly. The high-voltage storage device usually has a large number of cells which are electrically connected to one another. In addition, it is also possible, in particular, to draw electrical energy from the high-voltage storage device to supply other vehicle components. The high-voltage storage unit is alternatively referred to as an electric storage unit or a battery.

The valve now serves to divert the coolant within the overall cooling circuit in such a way that any temperature control requirements with regard to the individual components are served as optimally as possible. Using the various switching positions, a corresponding number of switching states of the heating system are set, each with a different interconnection of the individual components in the overall cooling circuit. As a result, the valve is used to set the way in which the coolant flows through the components. In principle, various parallel connections and series connections as well as combinations thereof are possible.

An interconnection of two components “in series” is generally understood to mean that one component is arranged upstream or downstream of the other component with respect to a flow direction of the coolant, that is to say that the coolant flows through both components one after the other. In contrast, a “parallel” connection of two components is generally understood to mean that two branches are formed in a circle, with the coolant being divided into two sub-branches at one branch and being brought together again at the other branch, so that the two components which are connected to different sub-branches are arranged, are flowed through in parallel by coolant. The same applies to circuits, branches and the like connected in series or in parallel.

The first ambient cooler and the heat source are connected in series to one another in each switching state of the heating system. Likewise, the high-voltage battery and the chiller are connected in series with one another in every switching state of the heating system.

In the heating system with a multi-valve, a heat source input of the valve is connected downstream of the heat source, an HVS input of the valve is connected downstream of the high-voltage storage tank, a heat source output of the valve is connected upstream of the heat source, and a chiller output of the valve is downstream of the Chillers are connected, and a cooler outlet of the valve is connected upstream of the first ambient cooler. The valve is a valve with first and second switching positions as described above.

In the first switching position of the valve, a first switching state of the heating system is set in which the HVS circuit is connected to the cooling circuit downstream and upstream of the heat source, so that the high-voltage storage unit and the heat source are connected in series to heat the high-voltage storage unit by means of the heat source. The heating system can then be operated in a first HVS heating mode, in which the high-voltage storage device is heated with waste heat from the heat source. The two connecting channels between HVS input and heat source output on the one hand and between heat source input and chiller output on the other hand are connected in series to one another in the overall cooling circuit.

In the second switching position of the valve, a second switching state of the heating system is set in which the HVS circuit and the cooling circuit are separated from each other, so that the chiller is separated from the cooling circuit and so that the first ambient cooler is separated from the HVS circuit, for temperature control of the heat source and the high-voltage storage system independently of one another. The two connecting channels between HVS input and chiller output on the one hand and between heat source input and cooler output on the other hand are connected in parallel to one another in the overall cooling circuit. Correspondingly, two independent streams of coolant flow in parallel through the valve. The heat source can be cooled via the environment. Regardless of this, the high-voltage storage unit can be cooled or heated, depending on which corresponding components in the HVS circuit are additionally activated for this.

In an advantageous embodiment, a chiller inlet of the valve is connected upstream of the chiller. The valve also has a third switching position as described above. In the third switching position of the valve, a third switching state of the heating system is set, in which the HVS circuit is connected to the cooling circuit upstream and downstream of the chiller, so that the heat source, the chiller and the first ambient cooler are connected in series in such a way that the heat source is arranged upstream of the chiller and the first ambient cooler is arranged downstream of the chiller, for cooling the heat source via the chiller or the first Ambient cooler or both. The high-voltage storage system is connected in parallel to the first ambient cooler and the heat source. If coolant is conveyed in the HVS circuit, the high-voltage storage unit can also be cooled indirectly, as the parallel coolant flows from the high-voltage storage unit and the heat source are brought together in the valve, so that the connection channel between the HVS input, heat source input and chiller output branches off in the overall cooling circuit forms.

In an advantageous embodiment, a cooler inlet of the valve is connected downstream of the first ambient cooler. The valve also has a fourth switching position as described above. In the fourth switching position of the valve, a fourth switching state of the heating system is set in which the HVS circuit is connected to the cooling circuit upstream and downstream of the heat source in such a way that the heat source is connected in parallel to the high-voltage storage system and the chiller and that the chiller is connected downstream of the first ambient cooler and is arranged upstream of the high-voltage storage. The connection channel between HVS input, chiller input and cooler output represents a branch of the overall cooling circuit downstream of the high-voltage storage system and the heat source, with the coolant from these two components being brought together at this branch. The chiller is connected upstream of the high-voltage storage unit via the connecting duct for the cooler input and chiller output, but not the heat source. The stream of coolant which flows through this connecting channel is therefore mixed with further coolant in the other connecting channel.

In an advantageous embodiment, a heating circuit, to which a heating heat exchanger is connected, is integrated into the overall cooling circuit. Furthermore, a heating input of the valve is connected to the heating circuit downstream of the heating system heat exchanger. The heating input is connected to the cooler output in several switching positions, as described above. In the overall cooling circuit, the heating circuit is in particular connected in series with the first ambient cooler and can be shut off by means of the valve, specifically advantageously in several switching positions, in particular in the first, second and fourth switching positions. If the chiller gives off heat to the condenser in the heating circuit in these switch positions, this is dissipated to the environment by opening the heating connection via the first ambient cooler or used for heating the interior by closing the heating connection by means of the heating heat exchanger. In a variant with a preferably continuously adjustable flow cross-section, the ratio of that heat which is dissipated to the environment to that heat which is used for heating the interior is advantageously set.

In an advantageous embodiment, the connections are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis, namely in such a way that a crossing of connection channels is avoided in a respective switching position, i.e. that all connecting channels are designed and arranged without crossing in the respective switching position. This significantly simplifies the manufacture of the valve in particular. In addition, a particularly compact design is achieved.

Especially with regard to the first switch position, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the HVS input is preferably arranged behind the heat source input and the chiller output is arranged behind the cooler output, so that the two associated connecting channels do not cross over.

Also with regard to the second switch position, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the HVS input is expediently arranged behind the heat source input. In addition, the chiller output is arranged behind the cooler output to avoid crossovers.

Especially with regard to the third switching position, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the HVS input and the heat source input are suitably arranged behind the chiller input. As for the first switching position, the chiller output is also arranged behind the cooler output for the third switching position, in order to prevent the two associated connecting channels from crossing over.

With regard to the fourth switch position, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the HVS input and the heat source input are preferably arranged in front of the cooler input and, as for the second switch position, the chiller output is also arranged behind the cooler output for the fourth switch position, so that a crossing of connecting channels is avoided. In one variant, in addition to an already existing, first chiller output, an additional chiller output is designed specifically for the fourth switching position and is expediently arranged behind the first chiller output.

In an embodiment with an additional heating input, this is preferably arranged in front of all other inputs when viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, as is the cooler output, so that these two connections can be connected in several switching positions by means of a connection channel without any crossovers.

Overall, a particularly preferred arrangement results for a valve with all four switching positions such that the inputs, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, are arranged in the sequence heating input, chiller input, heat source input, HVS input, cooler input and the Outputs in the same direction of the longitudinal axis viewed in the order of cooler output, chiller output, heat source output and, if applicable, second chiller output.

Since in a suitable embodiment the cooler output is used in several switch positions and can also optionally be connected to the heating input in several switch positions, the cooler output is preferably arranged on the longitudinal axis and designed as a central connection.

The object is also achieved in particular by using a valve as described above in a heating system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, in particular in a heating system as described above.

• 1 ein Wärmesystem,
• 2 das Wärmesystem aus 1 in einer anderen Darstellung,
• 3 vier Schaltstellungen eines Multiventils,
• 4 das Multiventil aus 3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
• 5 eine Mantelfläche eines Stellkörpers des Multiventils aus 3,
• 6 einen Ausschnitt einer Variante der Mantelfläche aus 5,
• 7 eine Variante der Mantelfläche aus 5,
• 8 ein Stellkörper einer Variante des Multiventils aus 4.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. They each show schematically:

• 1 a warming system,
• 2 the heating system off 1 in another representation,
• 3 four switching positions of a multi-valve,
• 4th the multivalve off 3 in a perspective view,
• 5 a lateral surface of an actuating body of the multi-valve 3 ,
• 6th a section of a variant of the lateral surface 5 ,
• 7th a variant of the outer surface 5 ,
• 8th a control element of a variant of the multi-valve 4th .

In 1 is a warming system 2 shown, which is designed for use in an electric or hybrid vehicle not shown, which is also referred to simply as a vehicle. The warming system 2 has an overall cooling circuit 4th as well as a refrigeration circuit not shown in detail. The warming system 2 has several switching states, in this case four. The warming system 2 but does not necessarily have to have the combination of four switching states shown here. So are in a not shown variant of the heating system 2 not all of the four switching states described here can be set, which results in corresponding simplifications.

The overall cooling circuit 4th has several circles in the embodiment shown 6th , 8th , 10 on, namely a cooling circuit 6th , an HVS circuit 8th and a heating circuit 10 . The heating circuit 10 can in principle also be omitted or implemented separately, integration into the overall cooling circuit 4th such as in 1 however, it is advantageous.

To the HVS circle 8th is a high-voltage battery 12th connected, to supply an electric drive train of the electric or hybrid vehicle. In a variant not shown, the HVS circuit is connected 8th An HVS auxiliary heater is also connected to supply additional heat. Next is the HVS circle 8th a chiller 14th connected, which is also connected to the cooling circuit. In the HVS circle 8th is also an unspecified HVS pump arranged to circulate coolant.

To the cooling circuit 6th is a source of heat 16 connected to the vehicle. Downstream of the heat source 16 is a first ambient cooler 18th to the cooling circuit 6th connected, for heat exchange with the environment. The first ambient cooler 18th in the embodiment shown with a second ambient cooler 20th combined into a cooler package. In principle, however, there is also an embodiment without the second ambient cooler 20th possible. In the cooling circuit 6th an unspecified cooling circuit pump is also arranged, here downstream of the first ambient cooler 18th and upstream of the heat source 16 .

The heating circuit 10 is used for indoor air conditioning. To the heating circuit 10 is a heating system heat exchanger 22nd connected, for heating interior air for a not shown interior of the vehicle. To the heating circuit 10 is also a capacitor 24 connected, which is also connected to the cooling circuit and together with the chiller 14th forms a heat pump which is designed to generate heat from the chiller in a heat pump mode 14th in the heating circuit 10 transferred to. In the heating circuit 10 are also an unspecified heating circuit pump and a heating circuit auxiliary heater 26th arranged. In the embodiment shown, the capacitor 24 , the heating circuit pump, the heating circuit auxiliary heater 26th and the heating system heat exchanger 22nd in the order mentioned, downstream from one another on a main branch of the heating circuit 10 arranged. Via a return line 28 of the heating circuit 10 the circuit is then closed and a circulation of coolant is enabled.

The warming system 2 further shows a compensation volume 30th on. The heating system provides interior temperature control 2 further an air conditioning evaporator 32 which is connected to the cooling circuit. The heating heat exchanger 22nd and the air conditioning evaporator 32 together form an air conditioning unit, by means of which the interior can be heated, cooled and also dehumidified.

The warming system 2 also has a valve 34 which is a multi-valve and several inputs E1 , E2 , E3 , E4 , E5 as well as several exits A1 , A2 , A3 has over which the three circles 6th , 8th , 10 are connected to each other. This is done 1 clearly that the heating circuit 10 via a heating circuit flow 36 to the cooling circuit 6th is connected, but otherwise any connections between the three circles 6th , 8th , 10 over the valve 34 to run. To control the valve 34 and generally also to control other components of the heating system 2 , this has a control unit 38 on.

2 shows an alternative and simplified representation of the heating system 2 out 1 , where in 2 For the sake of clarity, not all components are shown. Here is the valve 34 so in the warming system 2 integrated that a heat source input E1 of the valve 34 downstream of the heat source 16 connected. One HVS entrance E2 of the valve 34 is downstream of the high-voltage battery 12th connected. A cooler entrance E3 of the valve 34 is downstream of the first ambient cooler 18th connected. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, in particular, is downstream of the first ambient cooler 18th is a radiator branch 40 formed from which an NT branch is based 42 and an HT branch 44 extend, being the HT branch 44 a supply line for the heat source 16 forms and wherein the second ambient cooler 20th to the NT branch 42 is connected, which in turn is connected to the cooler input E3 connected. Next is a chiller entrance E4 of the valve 34 downstream of the chiller 14th connected. A heating input E5 of the valve 34 is downstream of the heating system heat exchanger 22nd to the heating circuit 10 connected. One cooler outlet A1 of the valve 34 is upstream of the first ambient cooler 18th connected. One chiller outlet A2 of the valve 34 is upstream of the chiller 14th connected. A heat source output A3 of the valve 34 is upstream of the heat source 16 connected. Overall, the valve shown 34 therefore five entrances E1 to E5 and three exits A1 , A2 , A3 on. In a variant not shown there are two chiller outputs A2 formed, but which are both upstream of the chiller 14th are connected, but within the valve 34 with different of the inputs E1 to E5 are connected.

The valve 34 out 2 has four switch positions S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 by means of which one of the four switching states of the heating system 2 is adjustable. In a variant, the valve 34 however, fewer or more switch positions S1 to S4 on and possibly a different number of inputs E1 to E5 and exits A1 , A2 , A3 . The four switch positions S1 to S4 of the valve 34 out 2 are in 3 shown showing a circuit diagram of the valve 34 shows. From the circuit diagram it is clear that a special order of the inputs E1 to E5 and outputs A1 , A2 , A3 was selected and that the chiller output A2 is trained twice. In the warming system 2 however, both are chiller outputs A2 at the in 1 position shown. Due to the special sequence of inputs E1 to E5 and outputs A1 , A2 , A3 as well as the double chiller output A2 is in all switch positions S1 to S4 a crossing of the required connections within a respective switch position S1 to S4 avoided, so that this configuration is a particularly preferred variant of the valve 34 is.

How out 3 is shown in a first switch position S1 the HVS input E2 with the heat source output A3 connected and the heat source input E1 is with one of the chiller outputs A2 connected. In this first switch position S1 is a first switching state of the heating system 2 set in which the high-voltage storage 12th , the heat source 16 and the chiller 14th are connected together in series. This is particularly evident from the fact that both the heat source input E1 as well as the heat source output A3 from the valve 34 is operated so that the heat source 16 on both sides of the valve 34 connected.

In the second switch position S2 is the HVS input E2 on the other hand with the chiller output A2 connected and the heat source input E1 is now with the cooler output A1 connected. In this second switch position S2 is a second switching state of the heating system 2 set. In this way are the cooling circuit 6th and the HVS circle 8th separately and independently operable. The high-voltage storage 12th can be tempered as required, e.g. using the chiller 14th coolable or heated by means of an additional auxiliary heater, not shown, while the heat source 16 by means of the first ambient cooler 18th is coolable.

In the third switch position S3 are both the HVS input E2 as well as the heat source input E1 with the chiller output A2 connected and the chiller input E4 is with the cooler output A1 connected so that the high-voltage storage 12th to the heat source 16 and the first ambient cooler 18th is connected in parallel. In this third switch position S3 is thus a third switching state of the heating system 2 set. This includes both the high-voltage battery 12th as well as the heat source 16 via the chiller 14th coolable or alternatively or additionally via the first ambient cooler 18th , whereby the high-voltage storage 12th because of the parallel arrangement only indirectly above the first ambient cooler 18th can be cooled by drawing the coolant from the high-voltage battery 12th in the valve 34 with the coolant from the heat source 16 mixes.

In the fourth switch position S4 are the HVS input E2 and the heat source input E1 with the cooler output A1 connected and the cooler input E3 is with the other of the two chiller outputs A2 connected. In this fourth switch position S4 is a fourth switching state of the heating system 2 set. This is where the high-voltage battery is located 12th and the chiller 14th with the second ambient cooler 20th connected in series and this series connection is parallel to the heat source 16 switched. The first ambient cooler 18th is both with the high-voltage battery 12th as well as with the heat source 16 connected in series. This is the high-voltage storage 12th can be cooled particularly effectively, since the coolant for this purpose is both ambient coolers 18th , 20th and also the chiller 14th runs through, in a thermally optimal sequence. The heat source 16 is still above the first ambient cooler 18th coolable.

In the first, second and fourth switch position S1 , S2 , S4 is also optional, ie the heating input as required E5 with the cooler output A1 connectable so that a heating connection is formed. That the heating connection can be activated or deactivated as required is shown in 3 indicated by dashed arrows. If the heating connection is open, then the heating circuit is open 10 in series with the first ambient cooler 18th and here even with the second ambient cooler 20th switched. Thereby form the capacitor 24 and the heating system heat exchanger 22nd with the two ambient coolers 18th , 20th a series circuit, so that heat is released through the condenser 24 in the heating circuit 10 reaches, can be discharged to the environment. Alternatively, the heating connection is closed so that the heating circuit 10 from the cooling circuit 8th is separated and the heat from the condenser 24 by means of the heating system heat exchanger 22nd can be used for interior heating. The heat that the condenser 24 in the heating circuit 10 brings in comes from the chiller 14th and is accordingly in the first switch position S1 excess heat from the heat source 16 which are not used to heat the high-voltage battery 12th is needed. In the second and fourth switch positions S2 , S3 the heat comes from the high-voltage battery 12th , which by means of the chiller 14th is cooled. If there is no or insufficient heat via the condenser 24 is provided is by means of the heating circuit auxiliary heater 26th additional heat in the heating circuit 10 generated.

The heating connection can be activated or deactivated as required, for example, that the heating input E5 a shut-off valve is connected upstream. Alternatively is the valve 34 within a respective switch position S1 to S4 can also be set to activate or deactivate the heating connection as required independently of the other connections, e.g. as described below in connection with 6th explained.

In a variant of the valve 34 are not all of the switching positions shown S1 to S4 realized. In an embodiment not shown, this is the fourth switching position S4 left out and the cooler input E3 and the additional chiller output A2 are saved, so the valve 34 accordingly simplified. Alternatively or additionally, the heating connection is outsourced and through an additional shut-off valve in the overall cooling circuit 4th upstream or downstream of the heating circuit 10 replaced so the heating input E5 is saved. In an embodiment, likewise not shown, only the first and second switching positions are present S1 , S2 available and possibly the heating connection.

In 4th is an embodiment of the valve 34 out 3 shown in a perspective view. Other possible, but not shown, variants result from a different arrangement or number of inputs E1 to E5 or the outputs A1 , A2 , A3 or a combination thereof.

The valve 34 initially has a housing 46 on and only one control body 48 , which in the housing 46 is used and by means of which all switching positions S1 to S4 of the valve 34 are adjustable. The control body 48 extends along a longitudinal axis L. and is rotationally symmetrical with respect to this and is designed here as a cylinder. The control body 48 is relative to the housing 46 and the connections E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 around the longitudinal axis L. in one direction of rotation U rotatable to one of the switching positions S1 to S4 adjust. For turning the actuator 48 instructs the valve 34 an actuator 50 on, here a motor, which with the housing 46 and the actuator 48 is suitably connected.

By means of the various switch positions S1 to S4 are different assignments of the inputs E1 to E5 to the exits A1 , A2 , A3 adjustable to divert coolant differently during operation. They are in a respective switch position S1 to S4 the entrances E1 to E5 with the outputs A1 , A2 , A3 connected in a definite and fixed way. There are the entrances E1 to E5 and the exits A1 , A2 , A3 in different switch positions S1 to S4 regularly connected differently. In a variant not shown, a further, in particular a fifth switch position is formed in which none of the inputs E1 to E5 to an exit A1 to A3 connected.

To connect an input E1 to E5 with an exit A1 , A2 , A3 the adjusting body 48 multiple connection channels 52 on which ones here on a lateral surface 54 of the actuator 48 are trained. A variant with tunnel-like connection channels 52 is in 8th shown and described in more detail below. The one on the outer surface 54 trained connecting channels 52 are in 5 recognizable which the unrolled outer surface 54 of the actuator 48 out 3 shows. The four switch positions are clearly recognizable S1 to S4 , which are here a quarter of the surface area 54 occupy and the actuator 48 thereby divide into four sectors, which in the direction of rotation U are arranged one behind the other. By turning the actuator 48 then becomes one of the sectors and thus one of the switching positions S1 to S4 to the connections E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 aligned so that the associated connecting channels 52 an assignment between the inputs E1 to E5 and the exits A1 , A2 , A3 to adjust.

In the embodiment shown, the first, second and third switch positions are S1 , S2 , S3 three connection channels each 52 assigned to the fourth switch position 52 on the other hand only two connection channels 52 . Those connections E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 , which in a respective switch position S1 to S4 are not required, since no coolant should then be conveyed through this, are blocked or by an elevation, not shown, in the connecting channel 52 blocked and therefore not connected, which in 5 marked by a cross. In a variant not shown, the connections are not required E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 on the other hand not even to a connection channel 52 connected, e.g. by the connection channel 52 to connect E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 is shown around.

When turning the actuator 48 are also the connecting channels accordingly 52 relative to the connections E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 rotated so that depending on the switch position S1 to S4 different assignments with different connections between the inputs E1 to E5 and the exits A1 , A2 , A3 result, as well as from 5 is recognizable.

The entrances E1 to E5 and the exits A1 , A2 , A3 are in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. each in several levels E. arranged one behind the other, with the levels E. perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L. run away. All entrances are here E1 to E5 in different levels E. arranged and also all exits A1 , A2 , A3 are in different levels E. arranged. However, they are present in some levels E. one entrance each E1 to E5 and one exit each A1 , A2 , A3 together on one level E. arranged.

How out 5 becomes clear is a respective connection channel 52 due to the positioning on the lateral surface 54 not in every switch position S1 , S2 , S3 connected, but in the present case even in exactly one switching position S1 to S4 . In the other switch positions S1 to S4 is the connecting channel 52 however, not connected and therefore unused and functionless. A variant in which a connection channel 52 is used in several switching positions is in 7th shown, which is described in more detail below.

The connecting channels 52 a respective switch position S1 to S4 are separate from each other, ie within the valve 34 there is no exchange of coolant between different connecting channels 52 . However, it is possible for several connection channels 52 in the heating system 2 are connected to one another in series and then flow through the coolant one after the other.

A respective connection channel 52 is to one or more inputs E1 to E5 connectable. In the operation of the heating system 2 this results in a mixing of two coolant flows within the valve 34 . This is for example in 5 in the third switch position S3 for the HVS input E2 and the heat source input E1 the case. In contrast, it is in the first switch position S1 the chiller input E4 although with the same connection channel 52 connected like the heat source input E1 , but blocked off and therefore not on the connecting duct 52 connected so that no coolant via the chiller input E4 in the connection channel 52 got.

How out 5 in combination with 4th becomes clear, the connecting channels run 52 each in the direction of rotation U around the longitudinal axis L. around and are therefore each arcuate. Due to the assignment of a respective connection channel 52 to only one of the switch positions S1 to S4 run around the connecting channels 52 the longitudinal axis L. not completely, but only on a corresponding respective sector of the actuating body 48 .

Here are the connecting channels 52 on the outer surface 54 formed and in the radial direction R. , ie perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L. , through the housing 46 limited. The connecting channels 52 are therefore on the outside of the actuator 48 educated. Here are the connecting channels 52 in the radial direction R. basically open, but are in the assembled state of the valve 34 through the housing 46 locked. In an embodiment not shown, the connecting channels are 52 each as a recess, for example a groove, in the lateral surface 54 formed and the lateral surface 54 lies on an inner wall of the housing 46 on. In the embodiment of 5 is the outer surface 54 in contrast to the inner wall of the housing 46 spaced and on the outer surface 54 are several partitions 56 arranged on the housing 46 so that a connection channel 52 through the outer surface 54 , the housing 46 , especially its inner wall, and two partitions 56 is formed. In principle, both concepts can also be combined. Alternatively or additionally there are one or more connecting channels 52 in the control body 48 introduced, e.g. as bores, as in 8th shown.

The in 4th shown valve 34 the adjusting body 48 also a central channel 58 on, which is along the longitudinal axis L. to one end of the actuating body 48 extends and there to one of the connections A1 , A2 , A3 is connected, which is therefore also referred to as the central connection. In the present case, this is the cooler output A1 . To the central channel 58 are several of the connecting channels 52 connected. How out 5 emerges, the central channel extends 58 initially along the longitudinal axis L. and is then in the radial direction R. in all switch positions S1 , S2 , S4 with the respective lower connection channel 52 connected, which is also connected to the heating input E5 connected is.

6th shows a variant in which at least one switching position S1 to S4 over an angular range W. of the actuator 48 is trained. In this switch position S1 to S4 is between one of the ports E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 and one of the connection channels 52 a variable overlap 60 formed, which by rotating the actuating body 48 within the angular range W. is adjustable. This is in the angular range depending on the position W. the volume flow through the connecting duct 52 within the switch position S1 to S4 adjustable. The flow cross-section of the connecting channel is therefore effective 52 adjustable. In 6th is only the first switch position for the sake of simplicity S1 shown, but the concept is based on other switching positions S2 , S3 , S4 transferable. The overlap 60 is here by a wedge-shaped elevation 62 in the connection channel 52 formed, which depending on the position in the angular range W. the heating input E5 completely, partially or not at all covered. As an alternative or in addition, the concept also applies to the other connections E2 , E3 , E4 , E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 applicable. This creates a connecting channel 52 formed, which in the first switching position here S1 can be activated or deactivated as required, at least with regard to the connection between the heating input E5 and the cooler outlet A1 . It should be noted that the connection channels 52 in relation to the connections E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 in the direction of rotation U must be made accordingly long so that the connected connections E1 to E5 , A1 , A2 , A3 when rotating within the angular range W. remain connected. In the first switch position S1 an additional degree of freedom is now formed, here with regard to the interior heating by means of the heating system 2 , because now by turning the actuator 48 within the angular range W. the heating circuit 10 can be activated or deactivated as required, while maintaining the first switch position S1 .

In 7th is an alternative design for the outer surface 54 shown. By means of the outer surface 54 in 7th basically the same functionality is implemented as the outer surface of the 5 . The same four switch positions are special S1 to S4 educated. However, the second and third switch positions are S2 , S3 combined in such a way that in these the same connection channels 52 be used. One of the partitions 56 runs in such a way that when switching from the second switch position S2 to the third switch position S3 in the middle connecting channel 52 the heat source input E1 to the chiller output A2 connected and, so to speak, to the corresponding connection channel 52 is switched on while at the same time that same heat source input E1 from the lower connecting duct 52 is separated and therefore no longer to the cooler outlet A1 connected. To clarify the process are the positions of the connections E1 to E5 and A1 , A2 , A3 in the various switch positions S1 to S4 in 7th also indicated by dashed circles.

The design in 7th is only one example of an embodiment in which one and here several connection channels 52 in several different switch positions S1 to S4 be used. A further merging of previously separate connection channels is conceivable and advantageous 52 , possibly in combination with a different arrangement of the sectors.

In 8th is a perspective view of a variant for the adjusting body 48 shown. In this variant are the connecting channels 52 Designed like a tunnel and run through the adjusting body 48 through. In principle, this concept can be combined with the concepts mentioned above, especially also on the outer surface 54 arranged connecting channels 52 and with connecting channels 52 , which in several switch positions S1 to S4 connected and used.

For the sake of clarity, in 8th only the first and the second switch position S1 , S2 Explicitly shown are the channel inputs and channel outputs of the third and fourth switch positions S3 , S4 however, are not shown. The subdivision into several sectors is indicated by dashed lines along the outer surface 54 indicated. For every switch position S1 to S4 a sector is formed which is divided into two subsectors, which are on opposite sides of the actuating body 48 are arranged. In total, there are two halves formed, namely an input half on which the channel inlets lie, and an output half on which the channel outlets lie. The entrances are located accordingly E1 to E5 with respect to the adjusting body 48 opposite the exits A1 to A3 . There in 8th only the actuator 48 shown are the connections E1 to E5 , A1 to A3 only indicated by arrows. While the actuator 48 in 4th can be returned to the starting position by a full rotation of 360 °, are in the case of the adjusting body 48 of the 8th all four switch positions S1 to S4 Can be reached over an angular range of only 180 °, i.e. by half a turn.

The concept with tunnel-like connecting channels 52 is not necessarily tied to the configuration with opposing sectors, but is in a variant not shown in a valve 34 as in 4th shown realized. The reverse is also true for the actuator 48 out 8th an at least partial formation of connecting channels 52 on the outer surface 54 possible and suitable.

List of reference symbols

2

Heating system

4th

Overall cooling circuit

6th

Cooling circuit

8th

HVS circuit

10

Heating circuit

12

High-voltage storage

14th

Chiller

16

Heat source

18th

first ambient cooler

20th

second ambient cooler

22nd

Heating heat exchanger

24

capacitor

26th

Heating circuit auxiliary heater

28

Return line

30th

Compensation volume

32

Air conditioning evaporator

34

Valve

36

Heating circuit flow

38

Control unit

40

Radiator branch

42

NT branch

44

HT branch

46

casing

48

Control body

50

Actuator

52

Connection channel

54

Outer surface

56

partition wall

58

Central channel

60

overlap

62

Elevation

A1

Cooler output

A2

Chiller output

A3

Heat source output

E.

level

E1

Heat source input

E2

HVS input

E3

Cooler input

E4

Chiller input

E5

Heating input

L.

Longitudinal axis

R.

radial direction

S1

first switch position

S2

second switch position

S3

third switch position

S4

fourth switch position

U

Direction of rotation

W.

Angular range

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102015220623 A1 [0003]
• US 2017/0152957 A1 [0004]

Claims (15)

Valve (34) which has several connections, namely several inputs (E1 to E5) and several outputs (A1, A2, A3), as well as an actuator (48) and several switching positions (S1 to S4), - wherein the adjusting body (48) has several connecting channels (52), each for connecting at least one input (E1 to E5) with at least one output (A1, A2, A3), - each switching position (S1 to S4) being assigned one or more connecting channels (52), by means of which at least some of the connections are connected to one another in the corresponding switching position (S1 to S4), - The adjusting body (48) being rotatable about a longitudinal axis (L) relative to the connections for setting a switching position (S1 to S4), - The inputs (E1 to E5) and the outputs (A1, A2, A3) are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) in several planes (E). Valve (34) Claim 1 , with at most one input (E1 to E5) and at most one output (A1, A2, A3) being arranged in a respective level (E). Valve (34) after one of the Claims 1 or 2 , the connecting channels (52) each running in the direction of rotation (U) around the longitudinal axis (L). Valve (34) after one of the Claims 1 to 3 , the valve (34) having a housing (46), the adjusting body (48) having a lateral surface (54), the connecting channels (52) being formed on the lateral surface (54) and in the radial direction (R) through the Housing (46) are limited. Valve (34) after one of the Claims 1 to 4th , wherein the connecting channels (52) are designed like tunnels and extend through the adjusting body (48). Valve (34) after one of the Claims 1 to 5 , wherein the adjusting body (48) has a central channel (58) which extends along the longitudinal axis (L) to one end of the adjusting body (48) and is connected there to one of the connections, with several of the Connection channels (52) are connected. Valve (34) after one of the Claims 1 to 6th , wherein at least one switching position (S1 to S4) is formed over an angular range (W) of the adjusting body (48) and in this switching position (S1 to S4) a variable overlap (60) is formed between one of the connections and one of the connecting channels (52) is, which can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting body (48) within the angular range (W), for setting a volume flow through the connecting channel (52) within the switching position (S1 to S4). Valve (34) after one of the Claims 1 to 7th , this having a first switching position (S1) and a second switching position (S2), - wherein in the first switching position (S1) an HVS input (E2) is connected to a heat source output (A3) and a heat source input (E1 ) to a chiller output (A2), - whereby in the second switching position (S2) the HVS input (E2) is connected to the chiller output (A2) and the heat source input (E1) to a cooler output ( A1). Valve (34) Claim 8 , this having a third switching position (S3) in which the HVS input (E2) and the heat source input (E1) are connected to the chiller output (A2) and in which a chiller input (E4) is connected to a Cooler output (A1) is connected. Valve (34) after one of the Claims 8 or 9 , this having a fourth switching position (S4) in which the HVS input (E2) and the heat source input (E1) are connected to the cooler output (A1) and in which a cooler input (E3) is connected to the Chiller output (A2) or to an additional chiller output (A2). Valve (34) after one of the Claims 8 to 10 , this having a heating input (E5) which is connected to the cooler output (A1) in several switching positions (S1 to S4) so that a heating connection is formed, the heating connection having an adjustable flow cross-section, for setting a volume flow through the heating connection within the several switching positions (S1 to S4). Heating system (2) for an electric or hybrid vehicle with a valve (34) according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 and with an overall cooling circuit (4) to which the valve (34) is connected and to which a heat source (16), a high-voltage storage device (12), a first ambient cooler (18) and a chiller (14) are also connected, - wherein a heat source input (E1) of the valve (34) is connected downstream of the heat source (16), - with an HVS input (E2) of the valve (34) being connected downstream of the high-voltage store (12), - with a heat source output (A3) of the valve (34) is connected upstream of the heat source (16), - wherein a chiller output (A2) of the valve (34) is connected upstream of the chiller (14), - wherein a cooler outlet (A1) of the valve (34) is connected upstream of the first ambient cooler (18). Heating system (2) Claim 12 , wherein a chiller input (E4) of the valve (34) is connected downstream of the chiller (14). Warming system (2) according to one of the Claims 12 or 13 , wherein a cooler input (E3) of the valve (34) is connected downstream of the first ambient cooler (18). Warming system (2) according to one of the Claims 12 to 14th , wherein a heating circuit (10) is integrated into the overall cooling circuit (4), to which a heating heat exchanger (22) is connected, a heating input (E5) of the valve (34) being connected to the heating circuit (10) downstream of the heating heat exchanger (22) ) connected.

Images