DE102019104811A1 - Door element, locking system and method for calculating a maintenance period for a door element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a door element (12), in particular a door lock (12) or door frame (22) of a fire door (16), with (a) a locking state detection device (42) for detecting a position of a latch (24) of a door lock (12) . According to the invention it is provided that (b) the closed state detection device (42) is designed to detect a time-dependent, spatially resolved trap position of the trap (24) so that a trap position profile (x (t)) is obtained.

Description

The invention relates to a door element, in particular a door lock or a door frame of a fire protection door, with a locking state detection device for detecting a position of a latch of a door lock. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for calculating an aging parameter, in particular a maintenance time of a door element, in particular a fire protection door.

Fire doors and other security-related doors must be serviced at regular intervals to ensure that they always close safely. It is known from the prior art to determine the end position of the trap and, if this is not reached, to bring the trap into the desired end position by means of a motor. A disadvantage of such a system is the possibly high energy consumption, which necessitates a complex energy store, in particular a battery, or cabling including a network connection.

Classic maintenance in the form of function tests is also known, in which a person checks the safe functioning of the door element, in particular a fire protection door, at regular intervals. This is labor-intensive and also subjective and therefore only reproducible to a limited extent.

The invention is based on the object of improving the maintenance of door elements, in particular fire doors.

The invention solves the problem by means of a generic door element, in particular a door lock or a door frame of a fire door, particularly preferably a fire door which has a closed state detection device which is designed to detect a time-dependent, spatially resolved latch position of a trap so that a fall Position history is obtained over time. The invention also solves the problem by a method for calculating an aging parameter of a door element with the steps of (i) detecting time-dependent latch position curves of a latch of the door element by means of a locking state detection device, (ii) calculating at least one aging parameter that results in an aging of the door element Door element describes from at least one latch position profile and (iii) outputting the aging parameter.

The advantage of the invention is that the aging of the door element can be determined quantitatively. As a result, it can be determined at any point in time how far the aging of the door element has progressed. If the operational safety of the corresponding door element is no longer guaranteed, countermeasures can be initiated immediately.

It is also advantageous that a maintenance point in time can be estimated from the development of the aging parameter over time, i.e. a point in time at which the door element is no longer in accordance with the specification with a high probability of, for example, at least 90% and therefore needs to be repaired or replaced. Regular manual maintenance is therefore unnecessary. In addition, the probability that a door element is undetected and not in accordance with the specification can generally be significantly reduced.

In the context of the present description, a door element is understood to mean a part of a door, in particular a fire protection door, in particular a door lock or a door frame. In particular, a fire door with a door element according to the invention is also in accordance with the invention.

A fire protection door is understood to mean, in particular, a door in accordance with DIN EN13501. The fire protection door preferably belongs to fire resistance class E130, E160, EI90 or EI 120.

The feature that the locking state detection device is designed to detect a time-dependent, spatially resolved trap position is understood in particular to mean that the trap position is at a plurality, preferably at least 30th , in particular at least 50, positions along their motion direction is detected. The time-dependent, spatially resolved detection of the trap position leads to a trajectory, that is to say a mapping which assigns the time at which the trap was in the corresponding trap position to the respective trap position. This time can be the real time, but it is not necessary. Alternatively, it is also possible, for example, that it is a machine time, that is to say an internal time that is measured, for example, in time units after the latch has started moving into its closed position.

The aging parameter is understood to mean, in particular, a number, a vector or some other information from which the aging state of the door element can be inferred. The aging parameter can also be a set of individual parameters which together describe different aspects of aging.

The closed position is understood to mean that position of the trap in which the case is at the end of the closing process.

For example, the aging parameter is a holding position in which the latch stops when the door is closed or, which is equivalent to this, a penetration depth which the latch engages in the door frame, in particular a strike plate of the door frame, when it is in the Is closed position. Alternatively, the aging parameter is a point in time at which it is to be expected that the door lock will no longer function according to the specification. It is also possible that the aging parameter indicates the aging on a scale, for example between 1 (completely unworn) and 10 (no longer functional). As a further example, the aging parameter can only have three possible values, which can correspond to green (fully functional), yellow (maintenance and / or repair necessary) or red (no longer functional). The aging parameter could therefore also be referred to as the door lock aging parameter.

According to a preferred embodiment, the door element is a door lock and comprises a latch, a nut and a lock case, the locking state detection device being arranged in the lock case. This has the advantage that such a lock can be used as a replacement for an existing lock. The door lock according to the invention then replaces the old door lock not according to the invention without further modifications to an existing door being necessary.

Alternatively, the door element is a door frame and the closed state detection device is attached to the door frame. The advantage of this is that, according to a preferred embodiment, it can be measured directly how deep the latch penetrates the door frame. This size is decisive for assessing whether the door, in particular the fire protection door, reliably fulfills its function.

If the door element is a door lock, it preferably comprises a door handle for moving the nut and thus the latch. In other words, the latch is preferably operated exclusively manually. There is then no motor drive to move the trap.

It is advantageous if the closed state detection device has a potentiometer. The potentiometer is preferably arranged such that a resistance value of the potentiometer changes as a function of the trap position of the trap. Potentiometers achieve a high position resolution and are still simple and robust. The potentiometer is preferably arranged along a trap travel path of the trap. Alternatively, the closed state detection device can also have an inductive sensor, a capacitive sensor, a plurality of binary switches, an optical sensor or a spring tension sensor that measures a spring tension of a spring that biases the latch into its closed position.

Alternatively, the closed state detection device preferably has a plurality of position sensors for detecting a position of the trap in relation to the respective position sensor, the position sensors being at least predominantly made of conductive plastic. Alternatively, the position sensors are printed onto a component of the door element. Printed circuits made of conductive plastic can be produced quickly and inexpensively. A door element according to the invention is therefore easy to manufacture in large numbers.

The feature that the position sensors are at least predominantly made of conductive plastic is understood in particular to mean that at least 50% by weight of the electrical conductors in components of the position sensor are made of conductive plastic.

It is particularly advantageous if the position sensors have conductor tracks that run in channels. These channels can be etched or machined, for example. The advantage of this is that they are largely protected against abrasive wear.

The door element preferably comprises an evaluation unit which is designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps (i) recording the time-dependent latch position curve, (ii) calculating at least one aging parameter that describes the aging of the door element from the latch position curve and ( iii) storing the at least one aging parameter in a digital memory of the evaluation unit. It is favorable if the method also includes the steps of adding a time stamp to the aging parameter and / or the trap position profile.

Alternatively, it is possible that the evaluation unit is designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps (i) recording the time-dependent trap position profile and (ii) storing the trap position profile in the digital memory of the evaluation unit, the trap position profile preferably with a Time stamp is provided and saved. Storing only the at least one aging parameter has the advantage that the memory can be designed to be smaller.

It is favorable if the evaluation unit is designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps (i) recording a reference trap position profile and (ii) calculating the at least one aging parameter from the time-dependent trap position curve and the reference trap position curve. The reference latch position profile is recorded, for example, immediately after assembly of the door element, in particular the fire protection door, and characterizes the latch position profile for a fault-free door element, in particular a fault-free fire protection door.

The calculation of the at least one aging parameter from the at least one time-dependent trap position profile and the reference position profile is, for example, a comparison of temporal changes in the difference of a parameter, which on the one hand from the reference trap position profile and on the other hand from the trap position profile depending on a Time can be calculated. In other words, the difference between the respectively calculated aging parameter and the corresponding parameter of the reference trap position profile is considered.

According to a preferred embodiment, the door element has a power generation unit which is designed to automatically generate electrical energy and which is connected to the evaluation unit for supplying electrical energy.

The power generation unit is preferably designed to generate electrical energy from kinetic energy of a door handle of the door lock and / or from kinetic energy of the door leaf and / or from electromagnetic waves, in particular radio waves. It is particularly favorable if the electrical energy generates electrical energy only when the door, of which the door element is a component, is opened. If the door element is, for example, a door lock, the kinetic energy is preferably generated only when the door handle is actuated to pull the latch out of its closed position, but not when the latch moves into its closed position. This prevents the energy required to close the door from being converted into electrical energy.

According to the invention in particular a door with a device for obtaining kinetic energy from a movement of the door leaf, this power generation unit being connected to a door element according to the invention. The kinetic energy of the door leaf is preferably only used in the opening phase; when the door leaf is moved into the closed position, however, no energy is preferably generated by the power generation unit for the above-mentioned reason.

The door element, in particular the door lock, preferably comprises a transmitting and receiving device for communicating with a readout device, the evaluation unit being designed to automatically capture a readout command from the readout device by means of the transmit and receive device and send the time-dependent aging parameters to the readout device when the readout command is captured . The advantage here is that the reading device, which is preferably mobile and has a weight of less than 20 kg, for example, can be carried by one person. In response to a corresponding actuation of operating elements of the readout device or at regular time intervals, the readout device sends at least one readout command, whereupon the evaluation unit of the door element sends the aging parameters that have been stored since the last readout.

The evaluation unit is preferably designed to automatically link the aging parameters and / or the time-dependent trap position profiles with a time stamp, so that time-dependent aging parameters or time-stamped trap position profiles are obtained.

It is possible, but not necessary, for the evaluation unit to delete the aging parameters transmitted to the evaluation unit after the transmission, so that memory space becomes free.

It is also possible for the evaluation unit to send the time-dependent trap position profiles, these trap position profiles also preferably having a time stamp so that it can be determined at what point in time the corresponding time-dependent trap position profile was recorded. In this case it is not necessary that the time-dependent aging parameters are also sent.

Alternatively, the door element comprises a transmission device for sending data to the readout device, the evaluation unit being designed to automatically (i) detect an open position of the latch and (ii) send the time-dependent aging parameters and / or the time-dependent latch position curves to the readout device upon detection the open position. In other words, the sending device, which may or may not be a sending and receiving device, sends an initiative. When the latch is in its open position, that is to say that it allows the door to be opened, the lock case no longer acts as a Faraday cage, so that the radio signals from the transmitting device can be emitted reliably and energy-efficiently.

According to the invention to the one locking system with a door element according to the invention and a read-out device which is designed to read out data from the evaluation unit. The readout device is preferably designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps of (i) sending a readout command to a door element, (ii) receiving door element data from the door element which encode aging parameters and / or latch position profiles, and (iii) saving the Door element data in the reading device and / or forwarding of the door element data to a central computer by means of the reading device. The readout device can therefore also be referred to as a gateway. In particular, the reading device is designed to automatically forward the door element data via the Internet or radio data transmission. Sending the read command to the door element according to step (i) is optional.

According to a preferred embodiment, the read-out device is designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps (i) acquisition of process data that includes a door element identifier that uniquely identifies the door element and / or a read-out time at which the read-out takes place and / or an operator identifier that uniquely identifies an operator of the readout device and / or a readout device identifier that uniquely identifies the readout device, (ii) encrypting the door element data, in particular with transaction data, so that encrypted door element data are obtained and Storing the encrypted door element data in the readout device and / or forwarding the encrypted door element data to the central computer. It is then possible to record and document the state of the door element with simple means. In addition, a maintenance plan can be created in a particularly simple manner, which specifies when the door element needs to be repaired or replaced.

The central computer is preferably part of the locking system and is designed to read out and store the encrypted door element data from at least two read-out devices. For example, the central computer can be kept at a maintenance service provider for the door element.

According to a preferred embodiment, the aging parameter codes a holding position in which the latch stops when the door is closed. It is beneficial if a warning message is output when the stop position lies outside a predetermined stop position tolerance interval. The holding position can in particular be a penetration depth that describes how deep the latch penetrates into the door frame. The holding position tolerance interval preferably has a lower interval limit of 6 mm. If the penetration depth is less than 6 mm, a warning message is issued.

It is possible, but not necessary, that the warning message can be perceived by humans. The perception can in particular be an optical or electromagnetic signal that encodes the state that the door element needs to be repaired or replaced.

According to one embodiment, the aging parameter is a door aging parameter which describes an aging condition of a fire protection door according to the invention and codes a closing time that the door element of the fire protection door needs to close. The closing time is the period of time between the reaching of the state of maximum deflection of the trap from its closed position and the point in time at which the trap has come to rest in its closed position.

A warning message is preferably output if the closing time is outside a predetermined closing time tolerance interval. The closing time is preferably determined relative to a reference closing time, the reference closing time being the closing time that the door needs to close in the new state. If the closing time increases over time, this indicates increasing wear. For example, a lower limit of the closing time tolerance interval is 20 ± 10 ms / per week. In other words, if the closing time increases by more than 20 ms per week, this indicates that the fire door is too worn and a warning message is issued.

The aging parameter can also encode a sliding duration. The sliding duration is the period of time that elapses between the first movement of the latch, when it hits the strike plate or the door frame when the door is closed, for example, and the time at which the latch has come to rest in its closed position. It is beneficial if a warning message is output when the sliding duration is outside a specified sliding duration tolerance interval. If the sliding duration changes, this is usually a sign that a preferably existing automatic closing mechanism of the fire door has changed its properties.

Preferably, an upper limit of the sliding duration tolerance interval is greater than three times the zero-state sliding duration, that is to say the sliding duration of the reference trap position curve. Preferably, an upper limit of the sliding duration tolerance interval is less than fifty times the zero-state sliding duration. The lower limit of the sliding duration tolerance interval can be any number which is smaller than the zero state sliding duration, in particular smaller than 0.9 times the zero state sliding duration, in order to avoid false alarms.

The aging parameter can also encode a depth of indentation that indicates the distance between the original closed position and the current maximum deflection position of the latch. The original closed position is the position of the trap of the reference trap position profile that it has in its closed position. The current maximum deflection position is the position in which the latch is maximally deflected from its closed position at the current time.

It is beneficial if a warning message is issued when the indentation depth lies outside a specified indentation depth tolerance interval. Preferably, a lower limit of the indentation depth tolerance interval is smaller than the zero state indentation depth, i.e. the indentation depth of the reference latch position profile, preferably at most 0.9 times the zero state indentation depth and at least 7 millimeters. Any number can be selected as the upper limit of the indentation depth tolerance interval which is greater than the zero-state indentation depth, for example 1.2 times the zero-state sliding duration.

The aging parameter can also encode a closing speed that correlates with the mean speed, in particular indicating this mean speed with which the latch moves from the maximum deflection position into the closed position.

It is beneficial if a warning message is output when the closing speed is outside a predetermined closing speed tolerance interval. A lower limit of the closing speed tolerance interval is preferably smaller than the zero state closing speed, that is to say the closing speed of the reference latch position curve, preferably at most 0.9 times the zero state closing speed. Any number that is greater than the zero-state closing speed, for example 1.2 times the zero-state closing speed, can be selected as the upper limit of the closing speed tolerance interval.

The aging parameter can also encode a closing time, which indicates the period of time that the latch needs to penetrate into the recess in the strike plate or the door frame and come to rest after sliding along the strike plate or the door frame.

It is advantageous if a warning message is output when the closing duration is outside a predetermined closing duration tolerance interval. An upper limit of the closing duration tolerance interval is preferably between 1.3 times and twice the zero state closing duration, that is to say the closing duration of the reference latch position curve. Any number can be selected as the lower limit of the closing duration tolerance interval which is smaller than the zero state closing duration, for example 0.5 times the zero state closing duration.

The method preferably comprises the steps of (i) repeating the steps of recording time-dependent latch position profiles and calculating the aging parameter for a plurality of operating processes of the door element so that an aging parameter sequence is obtained and (ii) calculating a maintenance date the aging parameter sequence. The development of the aging parameter over time often follows an empirically determinable curve. Often times this curve can be fed as linear.

The calculation of the maintenance date from the aging parameter sequence therefore preferably comprises the steps of adapting the aging parameter sequence with an, in particular linear, model function that contains at least one fit parameter so that at least one result parameter is obtained, and calculating the maintenance date the at least one result parameter. For example, the model function is a linear function, that is to say that it is assumed that the aging parameter changes linearly with time. Alternatively, the aging parameter sequence can also be adapted using a Weibull distribution as a model function.

According to a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of recording a time period for which the last aging parameter was recorded and outputting a warning message if the time period is longer than a predetermined maximum time period. These steps are preferably carried out by the readout device and / or the central computer. The advantage of this is that it can be used to obtain an indication that the closed-state detection device is defective. It is then possible to maintain and / or repair the door element by hand, for example to replace the door lock.

It is beneficial if the door element data and the process data are stored as a blockchain, for example from the readout device and / or the central computer. The list of data records that form the blockchain includes, for example, all (encrypted) door element data of a door element, in particular a door lock.

The blockchain enables manufacturers, operators and insurers to have manipulation-free access to the generated data at the same time thus transparency and enables secure documentation.

• 1 eine Ansicht eines Schließsystems mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Türelement und einer Auslesevorrichtung zum automatischen Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
• 2 eine Einsicht in einen Innenraum eines erfindungsgemäßen Türschlosses,
• 3 eine Detailansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Türschlosses,
• 4 einen Fallen-Positionsverlauf,
• 5 einen Fallen-Positionsverlauf eines gealterten Türschlosses,
• 6 einen schematischen zeitlichen Verlauf eines Alterungsparameters und
• 7 ein elektrisches Schaltbild eines erfindungsgemäßen Türschlosses.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows

• 1 a view of a locking system with a door element according to the invention and a readout device for automatically carrying out a method according to the invention,
• 2 an insight into an interior of a door lock according to the invention,
• 3 a detailed view of a door lock according to the invention,
• 4th a trap position history,
• 5 a trap position history of an aged door lock,
• 6th a schematic time profile of an aging parameter and
• 7th an electrical circuit diagram of a door lock according to the invention.

1 shows a locking system according to the invention 10 with a door element 12 in the form of a door lock and a readout device 14th for reading out door element data from the door element 12 . The door element 12 is part of a fire door 16 the fire protection class F30 according to DIN EN13501-1. The fire door 16 includes next to the door lock 12 a door leaf 18th , a door handle 20th and a door frame 22nd .

2 shows the door lock 12 in an open view. It can be seen that the door lock 12 a trap 24 , a nut 26th in a nut warehouse 28 as well as a latch 30th . The trap 24 is made by means of a trap spring 32 biased to a closed position. Will the door handle 20th pressed (cf. 1 ), this is how the nut rotates 26th . This movement is via a chain 34 on the trap 24 transfer. A lock plate 36 forms, together with a faceplate 38 and another lock plate that is parallel to the lock plate 36 runs, a housing 40 of the door lock 12 .

3 Fig. 10 shows a closed state detecting device 42 in a side view of the trap 24 . It can be seen that on the lock plate 36 the closed state detecting device 42 is arranged. The closed state detection device 42 includes a potentiometer 44 that has a sliding contact 46 having. The sliding contact 46 is with the trap 24 connected. The trap moves 24 the sliding contact also moves into its closed position, which is shown for the trap 24 'drawn in dashed lines 46 and a measured ohmic resistance R of the potentiometer 44 also changes.

The closed state detection device 42 also includes an evaluation unit 47 showing a schematically drawn microprocessor 48 having a digital memory 50 having. The microprocessor 48 is with a power generation unit 52 (see. 2 ) associated with the nut 26th is coupled. When the nut moves, the energy generating device generates 52 electricity. This makes the microprocessor 48 activates and records a trap position curve x (t) and stores it in the digital memory 50 from.

4th shows the reference trap position curve x ⁰ (t) . This trap position course is with a completely unworn door lock 12 measured and therefore also as x ⁰ (t) designated. The superscript counts the number of times the trap closes 24 by. A trap position curve x ⁿ (t) is also shown, where n = 250,000 applies. It can be seen that this trap position profile x ⁿ (t) differs from the reference trap position profile x ⁰ (t) differs.

The microprocessor 48 sets the reference trap position course x ⁰ (t) in digital memory 50 and calculates a first aging parameter A ₁ in the form of a closing path x (t ₄ ) and / or a second aging parameter A ₂ in the form of a change in the closing path Δx = x ⁰ (t ₄ ) - x ⁿ (t ₄ ), where x ⁰ (t ₄ ) is the closing path when the door lock is not worn, i.e. n = 0, and x ⁿ (t ₄ ) is the closing path after n closing processes. If x ⁰ (t ₄ ) is set to zero, A ₁ = A ₂ applies.

ist ein Zeitparameter. Wenn der Mikroprozessor 48, was eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform darstellt, eine Uhr umfasst, kann es sich bei dem Zeitparameter τ um die reale Zeit t handeln, sodass τ = t gilt. Enthält der Mikroprozessor 48 keine Uhr, was ebenfalls eine geeignete Ausführungsform ist, so kann der Zeitparameter τ = n ein Zählindex sein, der die Schließvorgänge durchzählt. Die Alterungsparameter-Folge A₁ (n) ist in 6 gezeigt.Since the aging parameter A _{1 is} calculated for each trap position curve x ⁿ (t), an aging parameter sequence results ${\text{A.}}_1^n\left(\mathrm{\tau }\right).$

is a time parameter. When the microprocessor 48 which represents a preferred embodiment comprises a clock, the time parameter can be τ at the real time t act so τ = t applies. Contains the microprocessor 48 no clock, which is also a suitable embodiment, so the time parameter τ = n be a counting index that counts the locking processes. The aging parameter sequence A ₁ (n) is in 6th shown.

3 also shows that the microprocessor 48 with a sending device 54 connected, which can be designed as a transmitting and receiving device. Will the nut 26th (please refer 2 ) and therefore by the power generation unit 52 Generates electricity, so sends the sending device 54 the sequence of the aging parameters A ₁ ( τ ).

The readout device is located 14th (please refer 1 ) in the vicinity, it receives the radio signals via a communication unit 60 and stores it in its own memory 56 . It is possible, but not necessary, that the readout device 14th sends an acknowledgment command from the sending and receiving device 54 Will be received. If this command is received, the microprocessor can 48 the digital memory 50 Clear.
It is convenient if the sending device 54 in addition to the aging parameters A ( τ ) a door element identifier K that sends the door element 12 clearly identifies. For example, the door element identifier is a processor number of the processor 48 or via one in digital memory 50 Fixed number or another alphanumeric combination. The readout device 14th links the aging parameters A ( τ ) with the door element identifier K so that they are saved in an audit-proof manner.

The readout device 14th can be designed as a gateway that the data to a central computer 58 forwards, for example by means of the communication unit 60 .

It is also beneficial if the readout device 14th a read-out time T detected. Alternatively, of course, an operator identifier can be recorded that represents a schematically drawn operator 62 clearly identifies. This operator identification is for example by means of a biometric sensor 64 detected. This can be, for example, a fingerprint sensor, an iris scan sensor or some other sensor with which a biometric property of the operator is concerned 62 is clearly detectable. Alternatively, the readout device 14th also have a card reader for reading in an individualized identity card.

It is also advantageous that the readout device 14th has an identifier that uniquely identifies it. The above-mentioned data, namely door element identification, read-out time, operator identification and read-out device identification, can be components of process data that are stored together with the door element data on the central computer 58 and / or in the readout device 14th get saved.

6th shows the aging parameter sequence A ₁ (n). It can be seen that the aging parameter A ₁ corresponds to the time parameter τ increases linearly. By fitting with a model function M. , in the present case a straight line, fit parameters are obtained, in the present case namely a slope a and an intercept b .

From these fit parameters a , b is from the evaluation unit 47 , the central computer 58 or the readout device extrapolates the point in time nw at which an upper interval limit of a predetermined tolerance interval T = [0, A _{1, max} ] is exceeded. From a time stamp which, according to a preferred embodiment, is provided by the microprocessor 48 is generated after reading out the clock and linked with the respective A ₁ , the microprocessor 48 , the central computer 58 or a maintenance date partly calculated to which the door lock 12 needs to be serviced.

7th Fig. 13 shows a circuit diagram of the closed state detecting device 42 . It can be seen that they are an energy store 66 has, in particular a battery, an accumulator and / or a capacitor. The evaluation unit 47 has an analog-to-digital converter 68 .

List of reference symbols

10

Locking system

12

Door element (door lock)

14th

Readout device

16

Fire door

18th

Door leaf

20th

Door handle

22nd

Door frame

24

Cases

26th

nut

28

Nut store

30th

bars

32

Trap spring

34

Kettel

36

Lock plate

38

Faceplate

40

casing

42

Closed state detection device

44

Potentiometer

46

Sliding contact

47

Evaluation unit

48

microprocessor

50

digital storage

52

Power generation unit

54

Sending device

56

Storage

58

Central computer

60

Communication unit

62

operator

64

Biometric sensor

66

Energy storage

68

Analog-to-digital converter

τ

Time parameters

from

Fit parameters

A.

Aging parameters

G

Glide duration

ΔG

Change of sliding duration

K

Door element identifier

M.

Model function

n

Counting index

x

Closing path

Δx

Change of closing path

t

time

T

Readout time

x ⁰ (t)

Reference trap position history

partly

Maintenance date

Claims (22)

Door element (12), in particular door lock (12) or door frame (22) of a fire door (16), with (a) a locking state detection device (42) for detecting a position of a latch (24) of a door lock (12), characterized in that that (b) the closed state detection device (42) is designed to detect a time-dependent, spatially resolved trap position of the trap (24), so that a trap position profile (x (t)) is obtained. Door element (12) Claim 1 , characterized in that it is (a) a door lock (12) and (i) a latch (24), (ii) a socket (26) and (iii) a lock case, (iv) wherein the locking state detection device ( 42) is arranged in the lock case, or (b) it is a door frame (22) and the locking state detection device (42) is attached to the door frame (22). Door element (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closed state detection device (42) has a potentiometer (44). Door element (12) Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the closed state detection device (42) has a plurality of position sensors for detecting a position of the latch (24) to the respective position sensor, which (a) are at least predominantly made of conductive plastic and / or (b) on a component of the door element (12) are printed. Door element (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an evaluation unit (47) which is designed to automatically (i) record the time-dependent latch position curve (x (t)), (ii) calculate at least one aging parameter (A), which describes the aging of the door element (12) from the latch position profile (x (t)) and (iii) storing the at least one aging parameter (A) in a digital memory (50) of the evaluation unit (47). Door element (12) Claim 5 , characterized in that the one evaluation unit (47) is designed to automatically calculate at least the aging parameter (A) from the trap position profile (x (t)) by automatically (i) recording a reference trap position profile (x ⁰ (t)) and (ii) calculating the at least one aging parameter (A) from the time-dependent trap position profile (x (t)) and the reference trap position profile (x ⁰ (t)). Door element (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a power generation unit (52) which (a) is designed to automatically generate electrical energy - from kinetic energy of a door handle (20) of the door lock (12) and / or - from kinetic energy of a Door leaf (18) and / or electromagnetic waves, in particular radio waves, and (b) is connected to the evaluation unit (47) for supplying electrical energy. Door element (12) according to one of the preceding Claims 5 or 7th , characterized by (a) a transmitting and receiving device (54) for communicating with a read-out device (14), (b) the evaluation unit (47) being designed for automatic (i) detection of a read-out command from the read-out device (14) by means of the transmitter and receiving device and / or detecting an open position of the trap (24) and (ii) sending the time-dependent aging parameters (A) to the reading device (14) when the reading command is detected. Door element (12) according to one of the preceding Claims 5 or 7th , characterized by (a) a sending device (54) for sending door element data to the reading device (14), (b) the evaluation unit (47) being designed to automatically (i) detect an open position of the latch (24) and (ii) send the time-dependent aging parameters (A) to the reading device (14) when the open position is detected. Door element (12) Claim 8 , characterized in that the evaluation unit (47) is designed to automatically link the aging parameters (A) with a time stamp so that time-dependent aging parameters (A) are obtained (and then sent to the reading device (14)). Fire protection door (16) with a door element (12) according to one of the preceding claims. Locking system (10) with (A) a door element (12) according to one of the preceding claims, (B) a read-out device (14) which is designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps: (i) optionally sending a read command to a door element (12), (ii) Receiving door element data from the door element (12) which encode aging parameters and / or latch position curves (x (t)), and (iii) Storing the door element data in the readout device (14) and / or forwarding the door element data to a central computer (58) by means of the readout device (14). Locking system (10) Claim 12 , characterized in that the read-out device (14) is designed to automatically carry out a method with the following steps: (i) Acquisition of process data, which - a door element identifier (K) which uniquely identifies the door element (12), and / or - a read-out time (T) at which the read-out takes place, and / or - an operator identifier that uniquely identifies an operator (62) of the read-out device (14), and / or - a read-out device identifier that identifies the read-out device (14) uniquely identifies, contains, (ii) encrypting the door element data, in particular with process data, so that encrypted door element data are obtained, and (iii) storing the encrypted door element data in the readout device (14) and / or forwarding the encrypted door element data to the central computer (58). Method for calculating an aging parameter (A) of a door element (12) with the following steps: (i) Detection of time-dependent latch position profiles (x (t)) of a latch (24) of the door element (12) by means of a locking state detection device (42) (ii) Calculating at least one aging parameter (A) which describes aging of the door element (12) from at least one latch position curve (x (t)), in particular the reference latch position curve (x ⁰ (t)) and at least one Trap position profile (x ⁿ (t)), and (iii) output of the aging parameter (A). Procedure according to Claim 14 , characterized in that (i) the aging parameter (A) encodes a stop position in which the latch (24) stops after the door is closed, and that (ii) a warning message is output if the stop position is outside a predetermined stop position tolerance interval lies Procedure according to Claim 14 , characterized in that (i) the aging parameter (A) is a door aging parameter which describes an aging condition of a fire door (16) and encodes a closing time that the latch (24) needs to close, and (ii) the warning message is output when a temporal increase in the closing time is outside a predetermined closing time tolerance interval. Method according to one of the Claims 14 to 16 , characterized in that (i) the aging parameter (A) encodes a sliding duration (G) while the latch (24) slides on the door frame (22) and (ii) the warning message is issued if the sliding duration is outside a predetermined sliding duration Tolerance interval. Method according to one of the Claims 14 to 17th , characterized by the steps of: (i) repeating the steps of acquiring time-dependent trap position progressions (x (t)) and calculating the aging parameter (A) for a plurality of operating processes, so that an aging parameter sequence is obtained, and (ii ) Calculation of a maintenance date (tw) from the aging parameter sequence. Procedure according to Claim 18 , characterized in that the calculation of a maintenance date (tw) from the aging parameter sequence has the following steps: - Adapting the aging parameter sequence with an, in particular linear, model function (M), the contains at least one fit parameter (a, b) so that at least one result parameter is obtained, and - calculating the maintenance date (tw) from the at least one result parameter. Method according to one of the Claims 14 to 19th , characterized by the steps of: (i) generating electrical energy from kinetic energy of a door handle of the door element (12) and (ii) operating an evaluation unit (47) of the door element (12) with the electrical energy for (a) detecting the time-dependent trap Position progressions (x (t)) from a locking state detection device (42) of the door element (12) and (b) storing the latch position progression (x (t)) and / or calculating the aging parameter (A) from the latch position progression ( x (t)) and storing the aging parameter (A) in a digital memory (50) of an evaluation unit (47) of the door element (12). Method according to one of the Claims 14 to 20th , characterized by the following steps: (i) sending a read-out command to the evaluation unit (47) by means of a read-out device, (ii) acquiring process data, which - a door element identifier (K) which uniquely identifies the door element (12), and / or - a read-out time (T) at which the read-out takes place, and / or - an operator identifier which uniquely identifies an operator (62) of the read-out device (14) (eg by reading out an ID card) and / or - contain a readout device identifier which uniquely identifies the readout device (14), by means of the readout device and (iii) encrypting the door element data with the process data so that encrypted door element data are obtained, and (iv) storing the encrypted door element Data by means of the reader. Procedure according to Claim 21 , characterized in that the door element data and the process data are stored as a blockchain.

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