DE102019102040A1 - Arrangement with optics and vehicle headlights - Google Patents

Abstract

What is disclosed is an arrangement with an optical system that has a plurality of coupling surfaces. The coupling surfaces are arranged in two rows at a parallel distance from one another. At least one light source of the arrangement is assigned to a respective coupling surface. Coupling surfaces are arranged downstream of the coupling surfaces. These are arranged in a common row and / or have a different orientation.

Description

The invention is based on an arrangement with an optical system according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle headlight with such an arrangement.

Vehicle headlights are known from the prior art which have, inter alia, a low beam function and a high beam function as the lighting function. This can be, for example, a so-called "Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB)" or an "Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)". AFS is used, for example, for the low beam function and can provide a motorway light, bad weather light, city light and cornering light. ADB is preferably used for the high beam function and can enable a glare-free high beam.

According to ECE 123, a light image with a low beam also has a light strip or light image above the horizon in addition to apron lighting. This should be dynamically horizontally displaceable when a vehicle emitting the low beam turns. This horizontal displacement can be implemented mechanically, for example, by moving parts in the vehicle headlight. Alternatively, the light image can be composed of individual light sources, which serve as pixels, which are arranged, for example, in a matrix. The light image can be changed by controlling the individual light sources, in particular the lateral boundaries of the light image can be changed by switching the respective pixels on and off at the edge.

An essential parameter that describes the quality of such a device is the smallest possible shift of the photo, in particular the lateral boundaries of the photo, which is referred to as “shift resolution”. This can correlate with the horizontal width of the individual pixels.

A primary optic is usually connected downstream of the light sources, which can be light-emitting diodes (LEDs), for example. The primary optics combine the emitted light so that a secondary virtual light source is formed. A projection of this secondary virtual light source can then generate the desired light image on the street and / or over the horizon via a projection lens (secondary lens). Small pixels advantageously lead to high resolution.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if, in the case of an arrangement with a plurality of light sources, for example for the low-beam function of a headlight, crosstalk of the individual light sources is avoided. It is advantageous if the individual light images emitted by the individual light sources do not overlap in the entire light image. In other words, the light from a light source should preferably be directed only in the angular range of the corresponding pixel in the light image. The primary optics are usually made of a transparent material, which means that the light guidance in the primary optics can lead to crosstalk of different, for example neighboring, pixels. This means that the emitted light of a first LED can radiate into the angular range of a second LED, so that it is not possible to switch the angular range of the second LED sufficiently dark when the second LED is switched off. The individual pixels cannot therefore compose the entire light image independently of one another. Such crosstalk should be avoided or at least reduced.

Another technical problem is the thermal load from neighboring light sources, especially in the form of LEDs. In order to realize small pixels in a row, the distance between the individual light sources is usually made as small as possible technically and geometrically. With this distance or narrow pitch, the thermal load becomes extremely high during the operation of the light sources, since neighboring light sources act as local heat sources. A desired heat spread can no longer be achieved as a result. It is therefore advantageous from a thermal point of view if the light sources are at a greater distance than the minimum distance from one another if they are placed in one plane.

Another important parameter that describes the quality of such an arrangement is the greatest possible intensity that the emitted light from a single light source achieves. The intensity is physically limited by the size of an exit aperture and the luminance of the light source. This physical limit should preferably be approached as closely as possible, that is to say the highest possible intensities in certain angular ranges or in the individual pixels.

The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement with optics, by means of which a, particularly dynamically changeable, light image with a high resolution and / or quality is formed in a device-technically simple and inexpensive manner. In addition, a vehicle headlight with such an arrangement is to be created.

This object is achieved with regard to the arrangement with the optics according to the features of Claim 1 and with regard to the vehicle headlight according to the features of claim 15.

Particularly advantageous configurations can be found in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, an arrangement with optics is provided. This can have at least two, in particular juxtaposed, rows of coupling surfaces. At least one row preferably has a plurality of, in particular facet-like, coupling surfaces. The further row preferably has at least one or more coupling surfaces. At least one light source can be assigned to a respective coupling surface. Furthermore, a respective coupling-out surface can be assigned to the optics for a respective coupling-in surface or for at least some of the coupling-in surfaces. The decoupling surfaces are advantageously arranged in a common row. The optics are then preferably configured in such a way that the light emitted by the individual light sources is combined to form a common light image after the optics.

This solution has the advantage that instead of a single-row arrangement, there is a two-row or multiple-row arrangement of light sources, and the light from the individual light sources can then be simply combined into a single, in particular horizontal, row via the coupling-out surfaces. This is possible due to the single-row design of the decoupling surfaces. The composite light image can then have the same or higher quality of a corresponding light image from single-row light sources, as known from the prior art, which are as close as possible to one another. In the arrangement according to the invention due to the double-row design of the light sources and the single-row coupling-out surfaces, the light sources can be at a comparatively large distance from one another, which is extremely advantageous thermally. Despite this large distance, a, in particular single-line, light image in high resolution is made possible due to the single-row arrangement of the coupling-out areas. The light image is provided, for example, over the horizon. In other words, the arrangement of the light sources, in particular in the form of LEDs, is in two rows instead of one row and is shifted such that a horizontal pitch is smaller than would be possible in one row. The optics can then be used to merge two rows of light sources into a single-row photo or a row of “pixels”. This reduces the thermal load since the distances between the light sources are significantly increased compared to the single-row arrangement. This results in an advantage of the two-row arrangement even for comparable large pixel light sources. Pixels can be understood, for example, as the light image of an individual light source and / or the light emitted via an individual coupling surface and / or an individual coupling surface.

The row of coupling-out surfaces can extend linearly or along a curve or can also have a mixed form. For example, the row can extend along a curved line on a spherical shell, which can be, for example, the focal plane of a secondary lens arranged downstream of the optics.

A light source or LED light source is preferably assigned to each coupling surface. However, several light sources, for example two, can also be used for a respective coupling surface or for at least one respective coupling surface of a part of the coupling surfaces. The light sources can then be placed next to one another (in the installed state, for example vertically, horizontally) and / or can be controlled separately. Then, for example, two LEDs or two chip or radiation surfaces can be provided as light sources on one LED or on one LED chip. If a plurality of light sources, in particular LEDs, are provided for a coupling surface, these can have different or slightly different light paths. Three light sources for a coupling surface can be arranged, for example, linearly or triangularly. An LED can have an approximately 1mm ² large illuminated area. Mini LEDs (edge length <200 µm) or micro LEDs (edge length <70 µm) are also conceivable. Furthermore, instead of a (second, third, ..) LED or light source, an optical sensor for a coupling surface or for a respective coupling surface of at least part of the coupling surfaces can be placed, which can, for example, absorb reflection from certain solid angle ranges. This allows a signal from another vehicle to be received. Such a sensor is thus arranged in an extremely space-saving manner. For the measurement, the other light sources or at least the neighboring light sources can be switched off, in particular briefly, and / or the signal radiation emitted in each case is modulated. Of course, the light sources or LEDs of your own vehicle can also (via modulation) send information into the assigned angular ranges. For this purpose, at least one light source / LED or a plurality of light sources / LEDs can be designed as infrared light sources / infrared LEDs (including the receivers). This enables communication with another vehicle etc. that is selective from a solid angle.

The optics are preferably designed in such a way that the radiation illuminates a light area via a respective coupling-out surface. The light areas can then form a row. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that adjoin at least some of the light areas or all light areas to one another. Furthermore, it is alternatively or additionally conceivable that at least some or all of the light areas overlap.

The light sources or at least some of the light sources can preferably be controlled individually, in particular switched on and off and / or dimmable. In this way, for example, an AFS can be implemented, as explained at the beginning.

The decoupling surfaces are arranged, for example, in a common row, in particular next to one another, and can adjoin one another, for example.

The radiation source is preferably a light-emitting diode (LED). This can be in the form of at least one individually packaged LED or in the form of at least one LED chip which has one or more light-emitting diodes, or in the form of a mini-LED or in the form of a μLED. Several LED chips can be mounted on a common substrate ("submount") and form an LED or attached individually or together, for example on a circuit board (e.g. FR4, metal core board, etc.) ("CoB" = chip on board). The at least one LED can be equipped with at least one of its own and / or common optics for beam guidance, for example with at least one Fresnel lens or a collimator. Instead of or in addition to inorganic LEDs, for example based on AlInGaN or InGaN or AlInGaP, organic LEDs (OLEDs, e.g. polymer OLEDs) can generally also be used. The LED chips can be directly emitting or have an upstream phosphor. Alternatively, the light-emitting component can be a laser diode or a laser diode arrangement. It is also conceivable to provide an OLED luminescent layer or a plurality of OLED luminescent layers or an OLED luminescent area. The emission wavelengths of the light-emitting components can be in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared spectral range. The light-emitting components can also be equipped with their own converter. The LED chips preferably emit white light in the standardized ECE white field of the automotive industry, for example implemented by a blue emitter and a yellow / green converter.

The light source can also be designed, for example, as: an incandescent lamp; a halogen lamp, a halogen retrofit LED lamp, an LED lamp for vehicle applications, such as the OSRAM XLS LED lamp (as used, for example, in the DE 20 2014 002 809 U1 is described); a discharge lamp (high intensity discharge (HID)), in particular as a gas discharge lamp; a pixelated LED (such as the OSRAM EVIYOS-COB matrix light source) or generally a lamp with matrix arrangements; a laser (such as a system based on the principle of Laser Activated Remote Phosphor (LARP) (note: the term phosphorus also includes phosphorus-free phosphors); a projector working according to a digital light processing (DLP) principle; an IR radiation source, in particular an IR laser diode; or another device which emits, reproduces and / or generates electromagnetic radiation in and / or partially in and / or close to and / or partially close to the visible range.

In the preferred embodiment, at least some or all of the coupling-out surfaces can have a different orientation. For example, part of the coupling-out surfaces can have a first orientation and another part of the coupling-out surfaces can have a second orientation. This solution has the advantage that crosstalk of the emitted light from the individual light sources can be reduced or even prevented. One cause of the undesired crosstalk in the prior art is that the light from the individual light sources strikes coupling surfaces of the same inclination from a very similar direction. Due to the differently oriented or inclined decoupling surfaces according to the preferred embodiment, light from different directions can thus strike the decoupling surfaces. In other words, the directions from which the light of neighboring light sources is emitted become significantly different. Coupling surfaces can be inclined significantly differently from one another, and the escape of a false light from the optics can be largely prevented or avoided.

The radiation from a respective light source is preferably guided via the assigned coupling-in surface to the assigned coupling-out surface in such a way that the coupling-out surface couples the radiation in the direction of the main optical axis. For this purpose, the light sources and / or the coupling-in surfaces and / or the coupling-out surfaces can be arranged and configured accordingly.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a respective outcoupling surface can have a different orientation compared to its neighboring outcoupling surfaces or its adjacent outcoupling surface. For example, the decoupling surfaces are flat and / or inclined with respect to the main optical axis. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the decoupling surfaces, viewed in the direction of their row, are oriented alternately, in particular sawtooth-like, in a first direction and a second direction. Unwanted crosstalk can thus be prevented by large jumps in the orientation of the decoupling surfaces become. If, for example, light from a light source is guided to the assigned coupling-out area and thereby cross-talks to the neighboring or to the neighboring coupling-out areas, then it does not couple out via the neighboring coupling-out areas because it comes from a different direction compared to the light for the neighboring coupling-out areas. but only via the assigned decoupling surface. The crosstalk light can be reflected back, for example, by a “total internal reflection (TIR)” over the adjacent coupling-out surfaces and / or directed in a different direction away from the main optical axis or away from any secondary optics that may be connected downstream. In the event of thermal expansion of the light sources, crosstalk can thus be prevented or at least significantly reduced.

In other words, the coupling-out surfaces can be designed and arranged in such a way and / or the light sources can be configured and arranged in such a way and / or the coupling-in surfaces can be configured and arranged in such a way that the radiation from a light source is guided in the direction of the main axis via the assigned coupling-out surface and that rays this light source, which strikes adjacent or an adjacent coupling-out surface (s), is guided away from the main optical axis, in particular at least partially, via this coupling-out surface / s.

The coupling-out surfaces which point in the first direction can preferably lie in a first plane and the coupling-out surfaces which point in a second direction lie in a second plane. This leads to an extremely simple design of the optics. The planes can intersect, in which case the cutting line can preferably extend transversely to the main optical axis and / or in the horizontal direction in the assembled state of the optics.

In a further embodiment that is simple in terms of device technology, a respective decoupling surface can form a wedge surface on a wedge-shaped optical section. For example, a respective wedge-shaped optical section can then have an end-face optical surface, via which the radiation is reflected and / or guided away from the main optical axis. Furthermore, a respective wedge-shaped optical section can have two lateral optical surfaces, via which radiation can be reflected and / or can be guided away from the main optical axis. Thus, a plurality of functional surfaces can be provided in a simple manner in a wedge-shaped optical section in order to direct a light as desired.

The optics sections of the optics are connected to one another, for example, via their lateral optics surfaces. So you can simply be designed in one piece via the side optic surfaces. Such optics can also be easily produced, for example, in an injection molding process. The lateral optic surfaces can then widen, for example, in the direction of the associated front optic surface. It is also conceivable that part of a respective lateral optical surface, which extends from the assigned front optical surface, is exposed.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the optics sections with the coupling-out surfaces can be formed on an end face of a truncated pyramid-shaped or truncated-cone section of the optics. The section is preferably located in the direction of radiation. Such optics are simple to produce, for example in an injection molding process. Furthermore, light coupled into the optics can be guided through the tapering section to the coupling-out surfaces. It is conceivable that the subsection is encompassed by a flange or extends from a flange encompassing the optics. When viewed in the direction of the main optical axis, the flange preferably adjoins the wide end of the section.

The coupling-out surfaces and coupling-in surfaces can each be formed on optics sides of the optics that point away from one another. All or part of the coupling-in surfaces are preferably convex, in which case they can spread out in the direction of radiation and thus taper towards the respective light source. Light radiated in via the coupling-in surface can thus be guided over a large area to the partial section, and then via this to the coupling-out surfaces. Due to the convex or curved coupling surface, an image of the assigned light source can lead to a “secondary virtual light source”, which has a luminance that almost corresponds to the luminance of the light source. The coupling surfaces or at least part of the coupling surfaces can adjoin one another to save space. Furthermore, it is conceivable for a respective cylindrical optical section to be connected to a respective coupling surface section of the optics, on each of which a coupling surface is formed. The optics sections can then open into the subsection and / or the flange section of the optics. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the cylindrical optical sections are adjacent to one another or are connected to one another in one piece.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is conceivable that the optics are primary optics, followed by secondary optics. For example, the secondary optics can be designed as a plano-convex lens, the convex side of which points away from the primary optics. The decoupling surfaces are then preferably, in particular approximately, in the focal plane of the secondary optics. It is also conceivable that center points of the coupling-out surfaces lie on the Petzval surface of the secondary lens for a more uniform radiation and better homogeneity.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a pinhole or perforated plate can be provided between the light sources and the coupling surfaces of the optics. For example, this has a respective aperture or hole for a respective coupling surface. In this way, crosstalk can be prevented or at least reduced, in particular in the area between the light sources and the coupling surfaces. Crosstalk can then be prevented, particularly in the case of thermal expansion. The perforated plate extends, for example, transversely to the main optical axis. It is conceivable that the perforated plate is arranged and designed in such a way that the coupling surfaces or a respective optical section with a coupling surface is threaded into a respective hole of the perforated plate during assembly. The optical sections can hereby be positioned and / or held and / or guided. It is also conceivable that the holes or a part of the holes are offset from the associated light source, that is to say, for example, not be positioned directly above the LED. These holes can then be offset somewhat to the side, for example. The sizes of the holes are preferably the same or different.

The smallest size of a pixel, in the case of a two-row arrangement, can advantageously be smaller than the smallest distance between two light sources, in particular up to half as large.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that due to the multi-row arrangement of the light sources, for example a circuit board on which the light sources are arranged is comparatively thermally relaxed, since the individual light sources and thus heat sources are further apart.

Furthermore, it is advantageous since the optics at least reduce or even prevent the crosstalk that a respective coupling surface does not have to be formed in a recess or undercut of the optics, as is known from the prior art. Light guides downstream of the coupling surfaces are also no longer necessary.

It is conceivable that the light sources or part of the light sources emit visible light and / or that light sources or part of the light sources emit invisible light. For example, the arrangement can also be used for sending and / or receiving infrared (IR) radiation. For example, some or all of the light sources can emit IR radiation. In particular for finely differentiated communication with spatially different other receivers and / or transmitters, but also for non-glare or anti-glare or non-interference with other infrared-sensitive transmitter-receiver systems, for example from other road users.

In a further embodiment of the invention it can also be provided that one or more lateral coupling-out areas of the row are larger than the inner coupling-out areas. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that one or more lateral coupling surfaces of a row or a respective row of the coupling surfaces are larger on one or both sides than the inner coupling surfaces, which have the same size, for example.

The light sources can be arranged in one plane, for example. It is also conceivable to arrange the light sources in several, in particular parallel, levels, for example two levels. Thus, for example, LEDs can be placed in two layers one behind the other or overlapping in parallel spacing and the optical space spacing can thus be smaller. The optical distance (light image) of the chip areas (pixels) can preferably be smaller than the minimum installation space distance.

According to the invention, a headlamp or vehicle headlamp is provided with the optical arrangement according to one or more of the preceding aspects. The rows of the coupling-out surfaces and / or the coupling-in surfaces and / or the light sources are then arranged, for example, in the horizontal state in the assembled state.

According to the invention, a vehicle with the headlight is provided according to one or more of the preceding aspects.

The vehicle can be an aircraft or a waterborne vehicle or a landborne vehicle. The land vehicle can be a motor vehicle or a rail vehicle or a bicycle. The vehicle is particularly preferably a truck or a passenger car or a motorcycle. The vehicle can also be designed as a non-autonomous or partially autonomous or autonomous vehicle.

What is disclosed is an arrangement with an optical system that has a plurality of coupling surfaces. The coupling surfaces are arranged in two rows at a parallel distance from one another. At least one light source of the arrangement is assigned to a respective coupling surface. Coupling surfaces are arranged downstream of the coupling surfaces. These are in arranged in a common row and / or have a different orientation.

• 1 in einer Seitenansicht eine Anordnung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 2a bis 2c verschiedene Ansichten die Optik der Anordnung aus 1 zusammen mit einer Lochplatte,
• 3 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung die Optik zusammen mit Lichtquellen aus der Anordnung aus 1,
• 4 in einer weiteren perspektivischen Darstellung die Optik aus 1,
• 5 in einer Hinteransicht die Optik zusammen mit Lichtquellen aus der Anordnung aus 1,
• 6 in einer Draufsicht die Optik zusammen mit Lichtquellen der Anordnung aus 1, wobei eine von einer Lichtquelle emittierte Strahlung dargestellt ist,
• 7 in einer Seitenansicht die Anordnung aus 1, wobei die Strahlung einer Lichtquelle dargestellt ist,
• 8 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung die Optik aus 1, wobei die Strahlung einer Lichtquelle dargestellt ist,
• 9 in einer Seitenansicht die Optik aus 1, wobei die Strahlung einer Lichtquelle dargestellt ist,
• 10 schematisch verschiedene von der Anordnung aus 1 emittierte Lichtbilder und
• 11 in einer Draufsicht eine Optik zusammen mit Lichtquellen gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. The figures show:

• 1 in a side view an arrangement according to an embodiment,
• 2a to 2c different views from the optics of the arrangement 1 together with a perforated plate,
• 3rd in a perspective view, the optics together with light sources from the arrangement 1 ,
• 4th in a further perspective representation the optics 1 ,
• 5 in a rear view the optics together with light sources from the arrangement 1 ,
• 6 in a top view the optics together with light sources of the arrangement 1 , wherein radiation emitted by a light source is shown,
• 7 in a side view the arrangement 1 , wherein the radiation from a light source is shown,
• 8th the optics in a perspective view 1 , wherein the radiation from a light source is shown,
• 9 the optics in a side view 1 , wherein the radiation from a light source is shown,
• 10th schematically different from the arrangement 1 emitted light images and
• 11 a top view of an optics together with light sources according to a further embodiment.

1 shows a vehicle headlight 1 , which is shown in simplified form with a dashed line representing an arrangement 2nd having. This has two rows 4th , 6 of light sources that are in accordance with 1 extend into the plane of the drawing. With the light sources of the rows 4th , 6 are light emitting diodes (LEDs). The light sources radiate in the direction of an optical main axis 8th towards a first look 10th , which is a primary optic. The optics 10th is an optic 12th downstream as secondary optics. Furthermore, in 1 a focal plane 13 the optics 12th shown, which is transverse to the main optical axis 8th extends and in the area of decoupling surfaces of the optics 10th is provided, which are explained in more detail below.

According to 2a is in another embodiment between the rows 4th , 6 the light sources and the optics 10th a perforated plate 14 arranged, which is transverse to the main optical axis 8th extends. According to 2a a side view is shown. In the perspective view according to 2 B and according to the rear view 2c are the holes 16 the perforated plate 14 recognizable. For the sake of simplicity, there is only one hole 16 provided with a reference number. The holes 16 are according to 2c in two rows according to the light sources of the rows 4th , 6 , please refer 2a , arranged. The rows extend parallel to each other. In the 2c top row of holes 16 has a widened hole on its first row side (left) and two widened holes on its second row side (right) 16 on. The holes in between are smaller and the same size, with the widened holes 16 are the same size. At the in 2C bottom row are two widened holes on the first row side (left) 16 and on the second row side (right) a widened hole 16 intended. The holes point in between 16 have the same cross-section. Both the smaller holes 16 as well as the larger holes 16 of the two rows are the same size. With the perforated plate 14 it is at least largely prevented that radiation from a respective light source enters the beam path of the adjacent light sources in order to at least largely avoid crosstalk, particularly in this area.

In 3rd is the optics 10th shown on the side of their coupling surfaces, with the additional rows 4th , 6 of light sources are visible. In the first row 4th are nine light sources 18th to 34 and in the second row 6 nine light sources 36 to 52 intended. The light sources 18th to 52 are of the same design and are on the same level. Not shown is a circuit board on which the light sources 18th to 52 attached and electrically contacted. The individual light sources can be connected to the circuit board 18th to 52 can be controlled independently of one another via a control unit. A respective light source 18th to 52 is a respective coupling area 54 the optics 10th assigned, for the sake of simplicity only one coupling surface is provided with a reference symbol. The coupling surfaces 54 are designed as light collecting surfaces. They have a kind of conical shape, with their respective assigned light source 18th to 52 rejuvenate. The coupling surfaces 54 are according to the light sources 18th to 52 arranged in two rows. In the top row there is a coupling surface in the first row side (left) 54 provided with a comparatively large area. On the second row side (right) are two coupling areas 54 shown with an enlarged surface. In between are coupling areas 54 provided with a smaller area. In the lower row there are two coupling areas with an enlarged area on the first row side and on the A coupling surface with an enlarged area is provided on the second row side, the coupling surfaces having a smaller area in between. The size of the smaller coupling areas 54 and the sizes of the larger coupling areas 54 are each the same or approximately the same. To a respective coupling surface 54 an approximately cylindrical optical section closes 56 , for the sake of simplicity only one being provided with a reference symbol. The optics sections 56 extend in the direction of the main optical axis 8th , please refer 1 , up to a flange section 58 the optics 10th which has a flange. The optical sections preferably have 56 no optical functionality.

According to 4th is the optics 10th seen in a perspective front view. It can be seen that the flange section 58 a truncated pyramid-shaped section 60 connects, which tapers in the direction of radiation. The subsection 60 has four side faces and a front face pointing away from the light sources 62 . The face 62 extends, for example, transversely to the main optical axis 8th out 1 . On the face 62 are wedge-shaped optical sections 64 formed, of which only one is provided with a reference number for the sake of simplicity. At the respective optics section 64 is a decoupling surface 66 educated. This is the large wedge surface that is roughly in the direction of the main optical axis 8th , please refer 1 , points. There is also a smaller end face 68 at a respective optics section 64 provided that easily to the main optical axis 8th , please refer 1 , points. On the side of a respective optical section 64 are side optic surfaces 70 and 72 intended. There are a total of eighteen decoupling surfaces 66 formed, with a respective decoupling surface 66 a respective coupling area 54 , please refer 3rd , and a respective LED 18th to 52 assigned. The decoupling surfaces 66 are arranged in a row and are alternately oriented in a first and a second direction. The respective three decoupling surfaces have on each edge side 66 an enlarged area, this coupling area 66 then are the same size. The coupling areas in between 66 have a smaller area, the areas being the same size. The large decoupling surfaces 66 are the large coupling areas 54 out 3rd assigned. The small decoupling surfaces 66 correspond to the small coupling areas 54 out 3rd .

According to 5 is a rear view of the optics 10th along with the ranks 4th , 6 shown by light sources. Multiple light sources in a row 4th , 6 have a certain minimum distance a, which corresponds to the respective mechanical and electrical restrictions of the housing and the circuit board. The arrangement of the light sources in two rows instead of one leads to a halving of the distance a from the row direction or horizontal direction compared to a single-row system.

6 shows an example of the radiation in a plan view 74 the light source 22 . The radiation is transmitted to the optics via the associated coupling area 10th coupled in and passes over the assigned decoupling surface 66 from the optics 10th out. It can be seen that the radiation 74 that are not to the decoupling surface 66 is guided, for example the part that leads to the adjacent coupling-out surfaces 66 emits, not in the direction of the main optical axis, see also 1 , from the optics 10th exit. This means that radiation that does not radiate in the direction of the assigned coupling-out surface is deflected or reflected, for example by neighboring coupling-out surfaces. This is also in 7 recognizable, with some of the radiation 74 the light source 22 towards optics 12th and is thus guided in the direction of the main optical axis. The other part is in particular of adjacent coupling-out areas and areas of the optics 10th led away from the main optical axis and reflected. This prevents radiation from the light source 22 via coupling surfaces other than the assigned coupling surface towards the optics 12th is directed. This prevents crosstalk between the light sources. Essentially only part of the radiation arrives 74 the light source 22 towards the optics 12th , which is led to the assigned decoupling surface. This is also in 8th recognizable.

According to the side view 9 is a distance b between the light source 22 and the main optical axis 8th drawn in, which is measured in the vertical direction transverse to the main optical axis and transverse to the row of the light source. The distance b corresponds to an angle of inclination phi of the associated decoupling surface 66 with respect to the main optical axis 8th with a given refractive index of the material of the optics 10th . The angle of inclination phi can be calculated using the following formula: $$\text{phi}=90°-\text{arcsin}\left(\left(\text{b1}/\text{n2}\right)*\text{sin}\left(\text{alpha}\right)\right)$$

Here n1 is the refractive index of the material (e.g. silicone or PMMA or PC) from the optics 10th and n2 the refractive index of the optics 10th surrounding material or substance (e.g. air). The distance b describes the direct distance between the light source 22 and the main axis 8th . The distance c describes the distance between the plane on which the light sources 18th to 52 are arranged, and the respective decoupling surface. A deflection angle alpha is alpha = arctan (b / c). For example, for silicone / air, angles of inclination are greater than 0 ° less than 45 ° advantageous. In particular, angles of inclination between 10 ° and 40 ° are advantageous.

10th shows several photos 76 to 84 the about the arrangement 2nd out 1 emitted radiation when the arrangement 2nd is used in a vehicle. The situation with a right turn of the vehicle is shown. It can be seen that the photograph on the left edge starts from the top to the bottom is reduced. This is done by switching off the corresponding light sources 18th to 52 , please refer 3rd . Due to the optical arrangement 2nd out 1 can the photo 86 can be changed with steps with a resolution of an angular range of 0.8 degrees.

In a further exemplary embodiment, for the sake of simplicity, no figure is shown, at least some of the decoupling surfaces or all decoupling surfaces have more than two different orientations in space. For example, part of the coupling-out surfaces or all coupling-out surfaces can be tilted in all spatial directions. Due to the full spatial tilt, the optical efficiency can be increased. For example, it is also conceivable that in the row of coupling-out areas one or more outer coupling-out area (s) of one or both row end sides are oriented such that they point in a direction away from the row of coupling-out areas and away from the main optical axis. In other words, these outcoupling surfaces extend in the direction of the row from the outside inwards in such a way that they move away from the light sources. For example, in the assembled state of the optics - for example in a vehicle - these decoupling surfaces are not inclined in the vertical direction and point in the horizontal direction, in particular away from the row. If at least one such coupling-out surface is provided on each end of the row, these are then preferably arranged in a V-shape with respect to one another, approaching one another in the direction away from the optics. Thus, for example, at least one decoupling surface can be provided - in particular at least one edge-side - which is arranged in a ramp-like manner in the row and rises in the row's inner direction, that is to say it moves away from the light sources. It is also conceivable that at least one decoupling surface is inclined in the direction of the row, specifically inwards, that is to say it approaches the optics and the light sources in a ramp-like manner. In this embodiment, the central or inner coupling-out surfaces can be designed in the same way as in the embodiment explained above.

In other words, in the exemplary embodiment which is not shown, all the coupling-out elements, in particular the outer ones, can be tilted in all spatial directions (tilting outwards brings light inwards onto the center of the secondary lens). The central decoupling elements can be arranged normally. An optical efficiency can be increased by fully spatial tilting.

According to 11 is an embodiment of an optic 88 shown, in which the decoupling surfaces 66 extend along a curved focal plane. The wedge-shaped optical sections 64 have an increasing height - starting from a middle of the row towards the outside of the row. That is, the further a respective optical section 64 the higher it is from the middle of the row, the height being measured in the direction of the main optical axis. It would also be conceivable that the wedge-shaped optical sections 64 have the same height, but with increasing distance to the center of the row further from the rows of light sources 4th , 6 are removed. The row of decoupling surfaces 66 can thus according to 11 also extend along a curve.

Reference list

1

Vehicle headlights

2nd

arrangement

4.6

Series of light sources

8th

Main optical axis

10.12

optics

13

Focal plane

14

Perforated plate

16

hole

18 to 52

Light source

54

Coupling surface

56

Optics section

58

Flange section

60

Subsection

62

Face

64

Optics section

66

Decoupling surface

68

Face

70, 72

Lateral optic surface

74

radiation

76 to 84

Illustration

86

Photo

88

optics

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 202014002809 U1 [0020]

Claims (15)

Arrangement with an optical system (10) which has at least two rows of coupling surfaces (54), at least one row having a plurality of coupling surfaces (54), and wherein a respective coupling surface (54) has at least one light source (18 to 52) and one the respective coupling-out surface (66) is assigned to the optics (10), characterized in that the coupling-out surfaces (66) are arranged in a common row. Order after Claim 1 , wherein the radiation emitted via a respective coupling-out surface (66) illuminates a light area, the light areas forming a row and / or wherein at least some or all of the light areas adjoin one another. Order after Claim 1 or 2nd , wherein the light sources (18 to 52) can be controlled individually. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 to 3rd , wherein at least some of the decoupling surfaces (66) have a different orientation. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optics (10) are designed such that the radiation from a respective light source (18 to 52) is guided via an assigned coupling surface (54) to the assigned coupling surface (66) such that the assigned coupling surface (66) the radiation (74) is coupled out in the direction of the main optical axis (8) of the arrangement (2). Order after Claim 4 or 5 , wherein a respective decoupling surface (66) has a different orientation compared to its neighboring decoupling surfaces (66) or its neighboring decoupling surface (66). Arrangement according to one of the Claims 4 to 6 , The coupling-out surfaces (66), viewed in the direction of their row, are alternately oriented in a first direction and a second direction. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optics (10) and / or the coupling-out surfaces (66) are designed and arranged such that the radiation from a light source (18 to 52) via the assigned coupling-out surface (66) in the direction of the main optical axis ( 8) is guided, and the radiation of this light source (18 to 52), which does not strike the assigned coupling-out surface (66), is guided away from the main optical axis (8). Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective coupling-out surface (66) forms a wedge surface on a respective wedge-shaped optical section (64) of the optical system (10). Order after Claim 9 , wherein a respective wedge-shaped optical section (64) has an end-side optical surface (68) via which radiation is reflected and / or guided away from the main optical axis (8), and / or wherein a respective wedge-shaped optical section (64) has two lateral optical surfaces (70 , 72), via which radiation is reflected and / or guided away from the main optical axis (8). Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling-out surfaces (66) and the coupling-in surfaces (54) are each formed on optics sides of the optics (10) which face away from one another. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, the coupling surfaces (54) being convex and widening in the direction of radiation. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between the light sources (18 to 52) and the coupling surfaces (54) of the optics (10) there is a perforated diaphragm (14) which has a respective diaphragm opening (16) for a respective coupling surface (54) . Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optics (10; 88) is a primary optics, which is followed by a secondary optics (12). Vehicle headlights with an arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 to 13 .

Images