DE102019100967A1 - Sliding swivel circuit with linear actuator and hybrid drive train - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding pivot circuit (1) for a drive train of a motor vehicle, in order to connect a drive unit in a torque transmission position (22) to an output shaft (2), with an actuator (3) which is connected to an actuating wheel (4) to move it from an initial position (23) into the torque transmission position (22) in such a way that an axial displacement component (5) is forcibly displaced in the axial direction, the actuator (3) being designed as a linear actuator (12). The invention also relates to a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle with such a sliding pivot circuit (1).

Description

The invention relates to a sliding swivel circuit for a drive train of a motor vehicle in order to connect a drive unit, such as an electric motor in a torque transmission position, to an output shaft, with an actuator which is connected to an actuating wheel in order to move it from a starting position, i.e. H. for example a "normally open position" in which no torque can be transmitted from the drive unit to the output shaft and vice versa, in the torque transmission position in such a way that an axial displacement component is forcibly displaced in the axial direction, for example using a screw ring with at least one threaded piece, which engages in a thread of a threaded sleeve connected to the actuating wheel. In theory, the switching sequence can also begin with the torque transmission position.

In a completely different field of technology there are already "normally open" and "normally closed" switching devices, namely in the distant clutch technology field. So there are "normally open" and "normally closed" couplings.

Drive devices are already known from the neighboring prior art, for example from DE 10 2013 213 559 A1 . There, a drive device for a motor vehicle is disclosed which comprises a wheel drive train with a first electric motor with a first power output, with a second electric motor with a second power output and a coupling device for coupling at least the first and / or the second power output with the wheel drive train. It is emphasized there as special that the coupling device is designed in such a way that it comprises an adjustable positioning actuator, according to which the coupling state of the coupling device can be determined, the positioning of the positioning device being controlled by bringing about a relative rotation between the first and the second power output both electric motors.

State of the art is the actuation of a sliding swivel circuit via an actuator pinion with the property of a “normally stay” function. This means that the actuator system should remain in the position in which it is currently located, even if it fails. These concepts are particularly predestined for 6-speed manual transmissions for internal combustion engine drive trains. The selected gear remains engaged until a new shift command is forwarded by a control device.

Such sliding swivel circuits are already out of the WO 2018/046047 A1 known. These sliding swivel circuits then act as actuators for transmission synchronizations. It is driven by a pinion directly on the actuator.

This document therefore discloses a switching device for synchronization in a transmission. The switching device has a synchronization system which is arranged between a first gear and a second gear. The synchronization system comprises a sliding sleeve carrier and a sliding sleeve actuated in the axial direction. A screw ring is provided for actuating the sliding sleeve and has at least one threaded piece. The screw ring surrounds the sliding sleeve and sits firmly on it. A threaded sleeve has at least one threaded slot in a sleeve wall, through which a threaded piece of the screw ring engages. An actuating sleeve surrounds the threaded sleeve and is in operative connection with the at least one threaded piece. This subject is intended to be included in the present patent application. In particular, the kinematic interrelationships including the synchronization system are to be considered as disclosed and included here.

However, disadvantages with regard to direct actuation by means of actuator pinions have emerged from the prior art. Functional safety should also be increased. The installation space should also be used more efficiently. Overall, the disadvantages of the prior art are to be alleviated or even eliminated. Above all, the circuit should also be kept very short axially. An inexpensive and long-lasting solution is also to be presented, which in particular enables the integration of an electric motor in / on an all-wheel drive train with or without a synchronized claw clutch. In particular, an electric machine should be able to be connected to a longitudinal propeller shaft when a gear is engaged. When laying out the aisle, however, there should no longer be a mechanical connection to the drive train.

This object is achieved in a sliding swivel circuit according to the invention in that the actuator is designed as a linear actuator. The actuator can then be installed further away from the actuating wheel and only a narrow access can be used efficiently.

Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

A further development can be seen in the fact that a reset element is integrated in such a way that if the adjustment energy provided by the actuator is lost a forced movement of the axial displacement component is forced.

It is also advantageous if the reset element is designed as a mechanical energy store. Components using additional electrical energy are avoided, which keeps energy efficiency high.

It has been found to be particularly durable if the restoring element is designed as a spring accumulator. Compression or tension springs have proven themselves here. In particular spiral, leaf or coil springs can be used skillfully. These springs can also be combined as packages. Of course, it is also possible to keep mixtures of spiral, leaf and coil springs.

An advantageous variant is also characterized in that the actuator comprises an electric motor and a pinion, the pinion being in operative connection with an (external / internal) toothing provided on the actuating wheel, whereas an advantageous exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the actuator has a has an electromotive nut-lead screw combination, this nut-lead screw combination has on the one hand a nut that is in operative connection with a lead screw, the nut-lead screw combination being operatively connected to a lever that engages the actuating wheel. In this way, two different actuators can be used for actuation, which have very different advantages, so that use-optimized installation is possible.

It is expedient if the nut-threaded spindle combination has a sliding friction element / (simple) thread and / or a rolling element, the latter, for example, as part of a ball screw drive / assembly or a planetary roller gear.

It has also proven useful if the lever has a link in which a pin, which is connected to the nut or the threaded spindle, engages in order to transmit the forced movement.

It is particularly low-wear if the backdrop is designed as an arcuate elongated hole.

In addition, it has proven useful if the arc shape follows such a curve that lateral forces do not occur when the movement is passed on. The efficiency of the sliding swivel circuit can then be kept particularly high.

The invention also relates to a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle, with a sliding pivot circuit of the type according to the invention.

Ultimately, the invention is thus centered on a lever-operated slide-pivot circuit with a normally open function. It is used to synchronize hybrid drives. A hybrid transmission with an electric machine, such as an electric motor, can be cleverly implemented. In the event of a fault, the electrical machine is thrown off. Then there is no torque transfer to an input / output shaft. A swivel actuator in connection with an energy store / energy store is used for shedding in the event of a fault or for coupling in the event of a fault (power failure). An automatic decoupling or coupling can be implemented via the energy store, for example in the manner of a spring, in the area between the actuator and the synchronization.

Implementation with a P3 automatic transmission is being considered. In principle, the use of this sliding swivel circuit according to the invention is also contemplated in a “NO drive train”.

In other words, an alternative to the pinion in actuator designs is also proposed, in particular an actuator system with a linear movement output. This alternative is characterized in that a threaded spindle is arranged on the motor shaft. This can be designed as a sliding friction element, for example converting a simple thread, or as a rolling element, for example converting a ball screw or a planetary roller gear. The roller gears are characterized by their better efficiency, but are somewhat more expensive. A nut is then moved axially by turning the threaded spindle. This principle can also be interchanged. The nut then stands and the spindle is moved. The electric motor can be designed as a hollow nut. The connection of the nut to the swivel circuit can be realized, for example, using a lever on the actuating wheel. The lever for actuation should only require the installation space for the easy way. This has advantages over the toothed segment that can be used when actuated by an actuator pinion and requires approximately twice the angle.

A "normally open" function requires an element that stores the reset energy. A key concept of the invention is to use steel springs for this purpose. Compression springs can be used to store the energy, for example. These springs are inserted between a foot of a holding sleeve and a foot of the actuating wheel. It is also possible to use a spiral spring or a helical spring on the axis of rotation of the actuator pinion or on the axis of rotation of the actuating wheel.

Returning to the linear actuator, it should also be mentioned that it can be equipped with a compression spring, the compression spring then being located between the nut and the actuator housing on the axis of rotation of the spindle. The compression spring can also be designed as a tension spring, with the connections being adapted accordingly.

Ultimately, therefore, the construction of a swivel circuit with an actuator pinion is proposed, but special attention must be paid here to the arrangement of a compression spring between a toothed segment and a system-fixed system, for example a holding sleeve. When the gear is engaged, the compression spring is tensioned and energy is temporarily stored. If there is a fault in the actuator motor control, the spring can push the toothed segment back into the initial angular position. This means that a position is always reached at which the gear is designed. A hybrid drivetrain is therefore positively connected such that the electric motor is separated from the drivetrain. The return spring can also be arranged as a spiral spring on the motor of the actuator.

The swivel actuation in connection with a linear actuator module is desirable. The linear actuator comprises an electric motor that drives a spindle with a nut, for example realized as a ball screw drive. That ball screw can be designed without self-locking, so that a compression spring between the actuator housing and the nut moves the mechanism back to the preferred position if the electronics fail. This preferred position can be the torque transmission position, the starting position or an intermediate position.

Actuation with a linear actuator leads to a relative movement between a force application point on the actuator and a force application point on the lever. The lever continues to swing and the force application point of the actuator acts on a larger diameter. In order to keep the lateral forces on the linear actuating device low, it is contemplated to make the elongated hole on the lever in a curve shape. This special curve shape always allows a normal force along the spindle axis. However, the design avoids lateral forces on the nut and is therefore particularly favorable in terms of low wear. In principle, a self-locking trapezoidal thread could also be used, especially if a "normally stay" function in combination with a linear actuator is desired.

• 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Variante einer Gleitschwenkschaltung mit einem Rückstellelement, wobei der Aktor einen Elektromotor einsetzt, der ein Aktorritzel antreibt, welches wiederum ein Betätigungsrad antreibt,
• 2 eine weitere Variante einer Gleitschwenkschaltung in einer zur 1 vergleichbaren Darstellungsart, wobei jedoch eine Spiralfeder auf das Aktorritzel wirkt und nicht eine Druckfeder, wie in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der 1,
• 3 eine Ausführungsform, bei der statt einem Aktor mit einem Aktorritzel ein Aktor eingesetzt ist, der einen Aktormotor und eine Mutter-Gewindespindel-Kombination nutzt, um eine Linearaktorik zu realisieren,
• 4 eine Querschnittsdarstellung durch die Gleitschwenkschaltung und den aus 3 bereits bekannten Linearaktor in einer Schnittebene, in der auch die Längsachse des Linearaktors liegt, wobei eine Druckfeder als Rückstellelement eingesetzt ist und
• 5 eine Rückansicht auf die Ausführungsform der 3 und 4.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing. Show:

• 1 3 shows a plan view of a variant of a sliding pivoting circuit with a reset element, the actuator using an electric motor which drives an actuator pinion, which in turn drives an actuating wheel,
• 2nd another variant of a sliding swivel circuit in a 1 Comparable type of representation, however, a spiral spring acts on the actuator pinion and not a compression spring, as in the embodiment of 1 ,
• 3rd an embodiment in which an actuator is used instead of an actuator with an actuator pinion, which uses an actuator motor and a nut-threaded spindle combination in order to implement a linear actuator,
• 4th a cross-sectional view through the sliding swivel circuit and from 3rd already known linear actuator in a sectional plane in which the longitudinal axis of the linear actuator also lies, a compression spring being used as a restoring element and
• 5 a rear view of the embodiment of the 3rd and 4th .

The figures are only schematic in nature and only serve to understand the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference symbols. Features of the individual exemplary embodiments and variants can be interchanged.

In the 1 is a first variant of a sliding swivel circuit 1 shown. The sliding pivot circuit is used in a (hybrid) drive train of a motor vehicle. It is used to drive a drive unit, not shown, namely an electric machine, for example an electric motor, in a torque transmission position with an output shaft 2nd connect to. In the 1 and 2nd is just the axis of rotation of the output shaft 2nd visualized and accordingly with the reference symbol 2nd referenced.

There is an actuator 3rd present, which is used to an operating wheel 4th to turn. The control wheel 4th can be moved back and forth between a home position / zero position and a torque transmission position / end position. In the torque transmission position, ie a "closed position", torque is transferred from a drive unit to the output shaft 2nd transfer. For example, that torque provided by an electric motor of an output shaft driven by an internal combustion engine can 2nd be imprinted.

Torque from the output shaft 2nd can then also in the direction of the drive unit reach. Such a switching device is used as it is from the WO 2018/046047 is known in detail. However, this switching device acts, comprising a screw ring with a threaded piece, one in a thread with the actuating wheel 4th connected threaded sleeve is used on an axial displacement component 5 , for example in the manner of a shift sleeve, in order to effect a shift. The basic interaction of these individual components is not discussed in detail here, but only that WO 2018/046047 A1 referenced, the relevant content of which is to be regarded as integrated here.

It becomes a reset element 6 used, which is designed in the manner of a compression spring. In the in the 1 and 2nd reproduced embodiments engages an actuator pinion / pinion 8th in a gear 9 of the operating wheel 4th . A holding sleeve is used as a relatively fixed reference point 10th used.

While in the embodiment of the 1 a compression spring 7 as a reset element 6 between the control wheel 4th and the holding sleeve 10th is used, is in the variant according to 2nd a coil spring 11 used to the restoring force, which from the compression spring 7 was provided in the first embodiment. Tension springs can of course also be used. In particular, leaf springs and coil springs are also conceivable.

In the embodiments of the 3rd to 5 is on another actuator 3rd set, namely a linear actuator 12th . This now does not require an actuator pinion / pinion 8th , but relies on a nut-screw combination 13 . The nut-screw combination 13 therefore has a mother 14 and a (threaded) spindle 15 .

Inside a case 16 is that as a compression spring 7 trained reset element 6 arranged. An actuator motor 17th then either drives the mother in the company 14 or the spindle 15 on. In the present embodiment, the spindle 15 driven, whereas the mother 14 in the housing 16 is held against rotation. For this, a rotation prevention pin is used 18th used. A cone 19th reaches into an elongated hole 20 on a lever 21 with the control wheel 4th connected is.

In the 3rd are, just like in the 4th and 5 , two states are shown, namely the "closed" state, that is, the state in which the sliding pivot circuit 1 is in the torque transmission position. This state is with the reference number 22 referenced. The other extreme state, namely the state "open", that is, the state in which the slide swivel circuit / slide ring circuit is in its initial position is marked with the train sign 23 referenced. Is particularly beautiful in the 5 the arched elongated hole design on the lever 21 to recognize.

Reference list

1

Sliding swivel circuit

2nd

Output shaft

3rd

Actuator

4th

Control wheel

5

Axial displacement component

6

Reset element

7

Compression spring

8th

Actuator pinion / pinion

9

Gearing

10th

Holding sleeve

11

Coil spring

12th

Linear actuator

13

Nut-screw combination

14

mother

15

(Threaded) spindle

16

casing

17th

Actuator motor

18th

Anti-rotation bolt

19th

Cones

20

Long hole

21

lever

22

Torque transmission position

23

Starting position

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102013213559 A1 [0003]
• WO 2018/046047 A1 [0005, 0031]
• WO 2018/046047 [0031]

Claims (4)

Sliding swivel circuit (1) for a drive train of a motor vehicle, in order to connect a drive unit in a torque transmission position (22) to an output shaft (2), with an actuator (3) which is connected to an actuating wheel (4) in order to move it from an initial position (23) in the torque transmission position (22) so that an axial displacement component (5) is forcibly displaced in the axial direction, characterized in that the actuator (3) is designed as a linear actuator (12). Sliding swivel circuit (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that a lever (21) has a link into which a pin (19), with a nut (14) of a nut-threaded spindle combination (13) or a (threaded) spindle (15) of the nut -Thread spindle combination (13) is connected, for the transmission of movement engages, the lever (21) engaging the actuating wheel (4). Sliding swivel circuit (1) after Claim 2 , characterized in that the backdrop is designed as an arcuate elongated hole (20). Hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle, with a sliding pivot circuit (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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