DE102018221291A1 - Connecting device, connecting element, system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Shown and described is a connection device with a first connection element and a second connection element, the first connection element having a first surface and a first connection means, the second connection element having a second surface and a second connection means, the first connection means and the second connection means being connected to one another are connectable, the connecting device being in a connecting state when the first connecting means and the second connecting means are connected to one another, the connecting device having a prestressing element which can be brought from an unloaded state into a prestressed state, the first surface in the connected state and the second surface is opposite to each other, the biasing element is in the pre-stressed state and a biasing force acts on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means and the biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum prestressing force. In addition, a connecting element, a system and a method are described accordingly.

Description

The present invention relates to a connecting device, a connecting element, a system and a method.

Connection devices that can be brought into a connection state are known from the prior art.

Connecting devices are devices that have two connecting elements that can be connected to one another. Such connecting devices can, for example, be provided and adapted to clamp or hold one or more objects between the two connecting elements. A connector of this type is, for example, a cable tie. Such connecting devices can, for example, also be provided and adapted in order to connect two objects which are each connected to one of the two connecting elements.

For example, cable ties have a catch at a first end, into which a corrugated section arranged at a second end can be inserted. If the corrugated section is arranged in the catch, the cable tie is in a connected state. In the connected state, a positive connection between the catch and the corrugated section prevents a relative movement between the catch and the corrugated section in the direction of the tensile load, so that the cable tie can be subjected to tension in the connected state. In the connected state, cable ties can hold several electrical lines together, for example. Cable ties have the disadvantage that they are difficult to handle, for example, since the corrugated section and the catch must be positioned precisely with respect to one another in order to ensure that the corrugated section is inserted into the catch.

Furthermore, connecting devices are known which have two connecting elements which are connected to one another via a film hinge and can be pivoted relative to one another with the aid of the film hinge. The connecting elements can be pivoted into a connecting state in which a latching hook of one of the connecting elements and a projection of the other of the connecting elements engage in one another, so that pivoting of the connecting elements out of the connected state is prevented by a positive connection between the latching hook and the projection. In the connected state, the connecting device can hold several electrical lines together, for example. For example, film hinges have the disadvantage that the film hinge itself provides a potential breaking point and that the hinge side tends to vibrate when subjected to vibrations.

It is also known from the prior art that a plurality of electrical lines can be glued to one another using an adhesive. A disadvantage of gluing several electrical lines is, for example, that the curing of the adhesive takes time and that the adhesive must have good adhesive properties and at the same time must be compatible with the electrical lines.

If connecting devices known from the prior art are used in the automotive environment, they can be exposed to high vibration loads, which can cause high forces to act on the connecting devices. These high forces can cause individual components of the connecting devices to move relative to one another. This can lead to noise and / or pronounced mechanical vibrations of the individual components, which should be avoided. Furthermore, the connection devices can also be moved out of the connection state by the high forces.

In particular, if the connecting devices are provided for holding several electrical lines together and the electrical lines are exposed to high vibrations, high forces can also act on the electrical lines. The high force effects on the electrical lines can lead to deformation of the electrical lines. In addition, the high force effects on the electrical lines can cause high forces on connection points such as plug connections and / or soldered connections, via which the electrical lines can be electrically coupled to other components.

In addition, when using a connecting device in the automotive environment, it is desirable that the connecting device is easy to handle during assembly.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a connecting device which is secured in its connected state against vibration loads and is easy to use.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the stated object is achieved by a connecting device having the features of patent claim 1. The connecting device has a first connecting element and a second Connecting element. The first connecting element has a first surface and a first connecting means. The second connecting element has a second surface and a second connecting means. The first connecting means and the second connecting means can be connected to one another. The connection device is in a connection state when the first connection means and the second connection means are connected to one another. The connecting device has a prestressing element which can be moved from an unloaded state into a prestressed state. In the connected state, the first surface and the second surface face each other and the biasing element is in the preloaded state. In the connected state, a biasing force acts on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force.

The biasing element can be moved from an unloaded state to a preloaded state. The biasing element can be designed, for example, as a spring. In the prestressed state, the entire prestressing force or at least a part of the prestressing force can be provided by the prestressing element. The biasing element is preferably not deformed in the unloaded state. In the prestressed state, the prestressing element is preferably deformed linearly and elastically. A linear-elastic deformation of the prestressing element in the prestressed state ensures that the prestressing element can be moved from the unloaded state to the prestressed state and back again from the prestressed state to the unloaded state. In the unloaded state, the prestressing element can return to its original shape without plastic deformation components influencing future deformation behavior of the prestressing element. In addition, a linear-elastic deformation of the pretensioning element in the pretensioned state can enable a force effect originating from the pretensioning element to be maintained in the pretensioned state over a period of use of the pretensioning element.

In the connection state of the connection device, the prestressing element is in the prestressed state. Preferably, the biasing element is in the unloaded state when the connection device is not in the connection state. For example, the connection device is not in the connection state when the first connection means and the second connection means are not connected to one another. This state of the connecting device can also be referred to as the decoupling state. For example, the connecting device is in the uncoupled state before assembly, so that the pretensioning element is in the unloaded state before assembly. During assembly, the connecting device can be moved from the uncoupled state to the connected state, so that the pretensioning element is brought from the unloaded state to the pretensioned state. After assembly or in the assembled state, the connecting device can be in the connected state and the prestressing element can be in the prestressed state. By bringing the connecting device into the connected state, the prestressing element is thus simultaneously brought into the prestressed state. Since the prestressing element is simultaneously brought into the prestressed state when the connection device is brought into the connection state, the handling of the connection device during assembly is simplified. The connection device can be moved from the decoupling state into the connection state manually and / or automatically.

In the connected state, the biasing force acts on the first connecting means and the second connecting means. The effect of the pretensioning force on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means ensures that high force effects caused by vibration loads can counteract the pretensioning force. The counteraction of the high force effects and the pretensioning force can allow an overall force effect in the direction of the pretensioning force to remain on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means when the force is high. Such an overall force effect in the direction of the pretensioning force can provide a secure hold between the first connecting means and the second connecting means, so that in the case of high vibration loads, a relative movement of the first connecting means and the second connecting means does not occur and the first connecting means and the second connecting means remain connected to one another. The connection between the first connection means and the second connection means ensures that the connection device remains in the connection state under high vibration loads.

The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force. The predetermined selection of the minimum pretensioning force ensures that the pretensioning force acting on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means is sufficiently high.

In summary, it can thus be stated that the connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention in its Connection condition is secured against vibration loads and is easy to use.

The first and / or second connecting element can each have one or more ribs. Each of the ribs can increase the rigidity of the first and / or second connecting element and thus reduce the deformation of the first and / or second connecting element when subjected to high forces. If several ribs are provided, these can be arranged on two opposite sides of the prestressing element.

The first and / or second connecting element can be designed as an injection molded part or can be produced by injection molding. In this way, inexpensive production can be provided.

The second connecting element can form a section of a capacitor housing. This provides a low-component configuration of the connecting device, since an already existing component can provide the second connecting element. The existing component may need to be adjusted accordingly. The second connecting element can be connected to the capacitor housing or to a capacitor. For example, the connection between the second connection element and the capacitor housing or between the second connection element and the capacitor is a screw connection.

The predetermined minimum biasing force is, for example, 1 N or 2 N or 5 N or 10 N. The biasing force can also be less than a predetermined maximum biasing force. The maximum preload is, for example, 100 N or 50 N or 10 N.

In one embodiment, the connecting device is designed to hold at least one electrical line, the first surface having a first holding surface, the second surface having a second holding surface, and the first holding surface and the second holding surface delimiting a receptacle for the at least one electrical line, when the connection device is in the connection state. The receptacle allows the at least one electrical line to be arranged between the first connecting element and the second connecting element. The receptacle can, for example, be adapted to a cross-sectional area of the at least one electrical line by the distance between the first holding surface and the second holding surface in the connected state of the connecting device. The first holding surface and / or the second holding surface preferably each have one or more rounded edges. A rounded edge can ensure that the at least one electrical line remains undamaged.

The first and / or second connecting element can each have one or more guide rails. If several guide rails are provided, they can run parallel to one another. Each of the guide rails can simplify the positioning of the at least one electrical line. In addition, each of the guide rails can limit the reception when the connection device is in the connection state. By delimiting the receptacle by the guide rail, the at least one electrical line can be held in the receptacle by each of the guide rails. In particular, each guide rail can have a flat, straight-line holding surface, which enables the at least one electrical line to be positioned in a straight line.

Each of the at least one electrical line can have a low rigidity. In particular, each of the at least one electrical power can have a low bending stiffness. Each of the at least one electrical line can be flexible. If more than one electrical line is held by the connection device, the electrical lines can have different diameters. Each of the at least one electrical line can be designed as a single wire. Each of the at least one electrical line can form a ribbon cable with one or more of the remaining electrical lines.

The connecting device is preferably designed to hold at least one electrical line. For example, the connection device can be designed to hold an electrical line. The connecting device can also be designed to hold several, in particular two, three, four, five or six, electrical lines. In particular, in the event that the connecting device is designed to hold a plurality of electrical lines, the first holding surface and the second holding surface can be designed such that the receptacle can receive the plurality of electrical lines with different cross-sectional areas. The recording can, for example, by different Distances between the first holding surface and the second holding surface in the connection state of the connecting device can be adapted to the differing cross-sectional areas of the plurality of electrical lines, so that the plurality of electrical lines are held securely and are not excessively mechanically stressed by the holding. The different distances between the first holding surface and the second holding surface in the connected state can be ensured, for example, by one or more recesses, roundings, connections, bulges and / or semicircular recesses in the material that forms the first and / or second holding surface. A shoulder can also be provided in the material that forms the first and / or second holding surface, so that there are different distances between the first and second holding surfaces in the connected state. Alternatively or additionally, the first holding surface and / or the second holding surface can each be formed from material with a low rigidity, so that the first holding surface and / or the second holding surface can deform when they are in contact with the at least one electrical line. Such a deformation allows the first holding surface and / or the second holding surface to adapt to the different cross-sectional areas of the plurality of electrical lines. Deformation of the first holding surface and / or second holding surface when in contact with the plurality of electrical lines can alternatively or additionally be achieved by a reduced cross section in the region of the first holding surface and / or second holding surface.

In one embodiment, the biasing force acts on the first holding surface and on the second holding surface when the connection device is in the connection state. The effect of the pretensioning force on the first holding surface and on the second holding surface makes it possible that when at least one electrical line is arranged between the first holding surface and the second holding surface in the connected state of the connecting device, the pretensioning force can act at least partially on the at least one electrical line. The force effect on the at least one electrical line can provide a frictional connection between the connecting device and the at least electrical line. The frictional connection between the connection device and the at least one electrical line enables the at least one electrical line to be held securely in the connection device in the event of large vibration loads.

The prestressing force can therefore act on the first holding surface and on the second holding surface when the connecting device is in the connected state. In addition, the at least one electrical line can be arranged between the first holding surface and the second holding surface when the connecting device is in the connected state. The prestressing force which acts on the first holding surface and on the second holding surface is preferably greater in the case in which the at least one electrical line is arranged between the first holding surface and the second holding surface than in the case in which the first holding surface and no electrical line is arranged on the second holding surface. This difference in pretensioning force can be achieved, for example, by the pretensioning element being deformed more, in particular linearly and elastically, in the case in which the at least one electrical line is arranged between the first holding surface and the second holding surface than in the case in which no electrical line is arranged in the first holding surface and the second holding surface. When the connecting device is brought into the connected state, the prestressing element can, for example, be deformed more, in particular linearly and elastically, by the at least one electrical conductor arranged between the first holding surface and the second holding surface than in the case in which the first holding surface and the second Holding surface no electrical line is arranged.

In one embodiment, the biasing force acts on the at least one electrical line when the connection device is in the connection state and the at least one electrical line is arranged in the receptacle. The effect of the pretensioning force on the at least one electrical line enables a positive connection between the connecting device and the at least one electrical line to be provided with the aid of the total pretensioning force. The frictional connection between the connecting device and the at least one electrical line enables the at least one electrical line to be held particularly securely in the connecting device, so that the connecting device can be designed for particularly large vibration loads. The frictional connection between the connecting device and the at least one electrical line can be provided by force effects both between the first holding surface and the at least one electrical line and between the second holding surface and the at least one electrical line.

In one embodiment, the first surface has a first contact surface, the second surface having a second contact surface, the prestressing force acting on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface when the connecting device is in the connected state. In particular in the case in which no electrical line is arranged in the receptacle, the entire prestressing force can act on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface. In the case in which an electrical line is arranged in the receptacle, at least part of the pretensioning force can act on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface. It is also conceivable that in this case the entire prestressing force acts on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface. Thus, the biasing force between the first contact surface and of the second contact surface. The first contact surface and the second contact surface preferably abut one another in the connected state of the connecting device. An abutment of the first contact surface and the second contact surface enables direct power transmission between the first contact surface and the second contact surface.

In one embodiment, when the connection device is in the connection state and the at least one electrical line is arranged in the receptacle, a reaction force acts on the first holding surface and on the second holding surface such that one on the first contact surface of the first surface and on the second Contact surface of the second surface reduced biasing force acts, which is less than the biasing force acting on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface when the at least one electrical line is not arranged in the receptacle.

As already described, the first holding surface and the second holding surface can limit a receptacle for the at least one electrical line when the connection device is in the connection state. When the connecting device is brought into the connected state, the first holding surface and the second holding surface can exert a reaction force on the at least one electrical line. The at least one electrical line can be deformed by the reaction force. The deformation of the at least one electrical line is preferably linear-elastic. The reaction force can provide a secure hold of the at least one electrical line in the receptacle.

In the event that no electrical line is arranged in the receptacle, there is preferably no reaction force on the first holding surface and on the second holding surface when the connecting device is brought into the connected state. When the connection device is in the connection state, the effect of the pretensioning force on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface enables the pretensioning force to nevertheless act accordingly on the first connection means and the second connection means and thus a connection between the first connection means and the second connection means is guaranteed.

For example, in the case that the at least one electrical line is arranged in the receptacle, the reaction force acts both between the first holding surface and the at least one electrical line and between the second holding surface and the at least one electrical line in the connected state of the connecting device. The reaction force can correspondingly reduce the force effect of the biasing force on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface, so that in the event that the at least one electrical line is arranged in the receptacle, a reduced biasing force can act between the first contact surface and the second contact surface. In the event of severe deformation, in particular plastic deformation, of the at least one electrical line, the reaction force can decrease. In this case, the reduced preload can increase. An increase in the reduced prestressing force can be made possible, for example, by an increased deformation of the prestressing element when the reaction force decreases. In the extreme case that the at least one electrical line deforms to such an extent that the reaction force drops to zero, the entire preload force can act on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface. In any case, the biasing force acts on the first connecting means and the second connecting means, so that a connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means is ensured.

In particular, an effect of the pretensioning force or the reduced pretensioning force on the first contact surface and on the second contact surface enables the at least one electrical line to be arranged in the receptacle delimited by the first holding surface and the second holding surface and at the same time not the entire preloading force on the at least one electrical line acts. A division of the pretensioning force into a reaction force which acts on the at least one electrical line and a reduced pretensioning force which can act between the first contact surface and the second contact surface reduces the mechanical load on the at least one electrical line.

In one embodiment, the first connecting element provides the biasing element. By providing the biasing element through the first connecting element, the first connecting element can have both the first connecting means and the biasing element. If the first connecting element has both the first connecting means and the biasing element, the handling of the connecting device, in particular during assembly, is further improved. The improved handling of the connecting device can in particular be ensured in that only the first connecting element and the second connecting element have to be moved relative to one another in order to bring the connecting device into the connected state.

In one embodiment, the biasing element has the first holding surface. In that the biasing element has the first holding surface, the prestressing element can limit the receptacle for the at least one electrical line and at the same time provide the prestressing force. The limitation of the receptacle for the at least one electrical line and the provision of the pretensioning force by the pretensioning element enables an embodiment of the connecting device that is low in components.

In one embodiment, the biasing element has the first contact surface. By the biasing element having the first contact surface, the biasing element can both provide the biasing force and also provide the first contact surface for contacting the second contact surface. The provision of the pretensioning force and the first contact surface by the pretensioning element enables an embodiment of the connecting device that is low in components.

In one embodiment, the prestressing element is designed in several parts. A multi-part design of the biasing element enables a spatial division of the biasing force. A spatial division of the pretensioning force enables a comparatively high pretensioning force to be selected, so that the connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means is ensured even with high vibration loads. The biasing element can be designed as a spring. The biasing element can have several spring elements.

In one embodiment, the first connecting means has a recess and a contact surface, the second connecting means having a bolt section and a head, the bolt section being arranged in the recess and the head abutting the contact surface of the first connecting means when the connecting device is in the connected state is. By arranging the bolt section in the recess, a positive connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means can be provided in a radial direction of the bolt section. By fitting the head to the contact surface of the first connecting means, a positive connection between the head and the contact surface of the first connecting means can be provided. The prestressing force preferably acts between the head and the contact surface of the first connecting means. The effect of the biasing force between the head and the contact surface of the first connecting means enables a connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means, so that the connecting device remains in the connected state. The bolt section and the head can also be referred to together as a hot-rolled pin.

In one embodiment, the first connecting means has a latching element which can be moved from an unloaded state into a pretensioned state, the second connecting means having a flange, the latching element and the flange engaging when the connecting device is in the connected state and the latching element is in the prestressed state. The interlocking of the latching element and the flange can provide a positive connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means. The prestressing force preferably acts between the latching element and the flange. The effect of the biasing force between the latching element and the flange enables a connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means, so that the connecting device remains in the connected state.

In one embodiment, the first connection means and the second connection means are releasably connected to one another when the connection device is in the connection state. A detachable connection between the first connection means and the second connection means enables the first connection means and the second connection means to be detached from one another, so that the connection device can be brought out of the connection state into the decoupling state. In the uncoupled state of the connecting device, the biasing element is preferably in the unloaded state. A detachable connection between the first connection means and the second connection means thus enables the connection device to be reused.

In one embodiment, the first connection means and the second connection means are permanently connected to one another when the connection device is in the connection state. A permanent connection between the first connection means and the second connection means prevents the first connection means and the second connection means from coming apart, so that the connection device remains in the connection state under high vibration loads. A permanent connection between the first connecting means and the second connecting means can be provided, for example, in that the first connecting means has a recess and a contact surface and the second connecting means has a bolt section and a head. As already described, the bolt section can be arranged in the recess and the head can rest on the contact surface of the first connecting means.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a connecting element having the features of claim 15. The connecting element is adapted to be connected to a second connecting element to form a connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention. The connecting element has a first connecting means, a first surface and a biasing element. The biasing element can be moved from an unloaded state to a preloaded state. The second connecting element has a second connecting means and a second surface. The first connecting means and the second connecting means can be connected to one another. The connection device is in a connection state when the first connection means and the second connection means are connected to one another. In the connected state, the first surface and the second surface face each other and the biasing element is in the preloaded state. In the connected state, a biasing force acts on the first connecting means and the second connecting means. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force. The features, technical effects and / or advantages of the first connecting element and / or the second connecting element described in connection with the connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention also apply, at least in an analogous manner, to the connecting element according to the second aspect of the invention, so that at this point a corresponding repetition is dispensed with.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a system having the features of patent claim 16. The system has a connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention, a power converter and at least one electrical line. The connection device is in the connection state. The at least one electrical line is electrically coupled to the converter. The at least one electrical line extends from the converter through the receptacle between the first holding surface and the second holding surface. The prestressing force preferably acts at least partially on the at least one electrical line, so that the at least one electrical line is securely held in the receptacle. The converter can be a converter for power electronics in a motor vehicle. The converter is preferably an inverter or an AC converter. The converter can also be referred to as an inverter or drive inverter or drive converter. The converter can also be a DC voltage converter or a rectifier. It is particularly advantageous if the connecting device and the converter are arranged less than a predetermined maximum distance apart, the predetermined maximum distance being 50 cm or 25 cm or 10 cm. The natural frequency of the regions of the electrical lines that are not captured can be increased by a small predetermined maximum distance. The natural vibrations of the electrical lines can be reduced, so that one or more connection points between the electrical lines and one or more further components can be mechanically relieved. Each of the connection points can be, for example, a plug connection and / or a solder connection. Each of the further components can be a control element and / or a sensor element.

The system can also have a control element and / or a sensor element, wherein the control element and / or the sensor element can be electrically coupled to the at least one electrical line. In this case, the at least one electrical line can extend from the converter through the receptacle between the first holding surface and the second holding surface to the control element and / or sensor element. If the system has both a control element and a sensor element, the control element and the sensor element can each be electrically coupled to one or more corresponding electrical lines of the at least one electrical line.

The features, technical effects and / or advantages described in connection with the connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention also apply, at least in an analogous manner, to the system according to the third aspect of the invention, so that a corresponding repetition is dispensed with here.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a method having the features of patent claim 17. The method is provided for connecting a first connecting element and a second connecting element to one another in order to form a connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention. The first connecting element has a first surface and a first connecting means. The first connecting means has a recess and a contact surface. The second connecting element has a second surface and a second connecting means. The second connection means has a bolt with a distal head section. The first connecting means and the second connecting means can be connected to one another. The connection device is in a connection state when the first connection means and the second connection means are connected to one another. The connecting device has a biasing element. The biasing element can be moved from an unloaded state to a preloaded state. The the first connecting element and the second connecting element are moved towards one another in such a way that the bolt is inserted into the recess, the first surface and the second surface are opposite one another and the prestressing element is brought into the prestressed state. The first connecting means and the second connecting means are connected to one another in that the distal head section is plastically deformed such that a head of the second connecting means is formed from the distal head section, so that a bolt section of the second connecting means is arranged in the recess and the head on the contact surface of the first connection means is present. In the connected state, the first surface and the second surface face each other and the biasing element is in the preloaded state. In the connected state, a prestressing force acts on the contact surface and the head. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force. The bolt can also be called a pin. The plastic deformation of the distal head section can also be referred to as hot caulking or the hot caulking process. The features, technical effects and / or advantages described in connection with the connecting device according to the first aspect of the invention also apply, at least in an analogous manner, to the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention, so that a corresponding repetition is dispensed with here.

• 1 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verbindungsvorrichtung.
• 2 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung.
• 3 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht eines ersten Verbindungselements der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 2.
• 4 zeigt zwei schematische Perspektivansichten eines zweiten Verbindungselements der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 2 vor (links) und nach (rechts) dem Bilden eines Kopfes eines zweiten Verbindungsmittels des zweiten Verbindungselements.
• 5 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 2 in einem Entkoppelzustand.
• 6 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 2 mit einem Vorspannelement in einem vorgespannten Zustand.
• 7 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 2 in einem Verbindungszustand.
• 8 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung.
• 9 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht eines ersten Verbindungselements der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 8.
• 10 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht eines zweiten Verbindungselements der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 8.
• 11 zeigt vier schematische Perspektivansichten eines ersten Verbindungsmittels des ersten Verbindungselements und eines zweiten Verbindungsmittels des zweiten Verbindungselements jeweils der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 8.
• 12 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Ausschnitts der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 8.
• 13 zeigt eine weitere schematische Schnittansicht eines weiteren Ausschnitts der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung in 8.
• 14 zeigt eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung.

Further features, advantages and possible uses of the present invention result from the following description of the exemplary embodiments and the figures. All of the features described and / or illustrated depict the subject matter of the invention individually and in any combination, regardless of their composition in the individual claims or their references. In the figures there are also the same reference symbols for the same or similar objects.

• 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a connecting device known from the prior art.
• 2nd shows a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a connecting device according to the invention.
• 3rd shows a schematic perspective view of a first connecting element of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 2nd .
• 4th shows two schematic perspective views of a second connecting element of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 2nd before (left) and after (right) forming a head of a second connection means of the second connection element.
• 5 shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 2nd in a decoupling state.
• 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 2nd with a biasing element in a preloaded state.
• 7 shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 2nd in a connection state.
• 8th shows a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention.
• 9 shows a schematic perspective view of a first connecting element of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 8th .
• 10th shows a schematic perspective view of a second connecting element of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 8th .
• 11 shows four schematic perspective views of a first connecting means of the first connecting element and a second connecting means of the second connecting element in each case of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in FIG 8th .
• 12 shows a schematic sectional view of a section of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in 8th .
• 13 shows a further schematic sectional view of a further detail of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in FIG 8th .
• 14 shows a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a connecting device known from the prior art 1 . The connecting device 1 has a first connecting element 3rd and a second connecting element 5 on that over a film hinge 7 are interconnected. The first connector 3rd has a locking hook 9 on. The second connector 5 has a head start 11 on.

The first connector 3rd and the second connector 5 are using the film hinge 7 pivotable against each other. The connecting device 1 can in one in 1 shown connection state can be spent by the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 be pivoted against each other. In the connected state, the latch hook engages 9 and the lead 11 into each other, so that the connecting elements pivot 3rd , 5 out of the connection state by a positive connection between the locking hook 9 and the lead 11 is prevented. In the connection state, the connection device 1 for example, several electrical lines 13 record, tape.

Will the connecting device 1 used in the automotive environment to receive the electrical lines 13, so are the connecting device 1 and the electrical lines 13 exposed to high vibrations. The vibration loads can exert high forces on the connecting device 1 and the electrical lines 13 to lead. Due to the high forces, the locking hook can 9 and the lead 11 move away from each other against the positive locking direction, so that the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 move relative to each other. A deformation of the multiple electrical lines 13 due to the high forces, the relative movement of the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 simplify each other. The relative movement of the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 to each other can lead to noise and / or pronounced mechanical vibrations. In particular, the film hinge tends 7 too high mechanical vibrations under vibration loads. In addition, the film hinge 7 due to its deformation when the first connecting element is pivoted 3rd and the second connecting element 5 mutually susceptible to failure. Such failure should be avoided, however, since in this case the first connecting element 3rd from the second connecting element 5 would solve and the connecting device 1 the electrical lines 13 can no longer record.

2nd shows a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a connecting device according to the invention 1 to hold at least one electrical wire 13 is trained. The connecting device 1 has a first connecting element 3rd and a second connecting element 5 on. The first connector 3rd has a first connecting means which is formed in several parts. The first connecting means has four recesses 15 on. The first connecting means also has four contact surfaces 17th on, each investment area 17th one of the four recesses 15 assigned. The second connector 5 has a second connecting means, which is also formed in several parts. The second connecting means has four bolt sections 19th (please refer 4th ) and four heads 21st on, with each head 21st a bolt section 19th assigned. If the connecting device 1 in one in 2nd is the connection state shown, each of the bolt sections 19th each in an assigned recess 15 arranged. In addition, every head is upside down 21st on an assigned contact surface 17th of the first connection means. The first connection means and the second connection means are in 2nd permanently connected.

3rd shows a schematic perspective view of the first connecting element 3rd the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 2nd . The first connector 3rd has a first surface 23 on. The first area 23 has a first holding surface 25th on.

4th shows two schematic perspective views of a second connecting element 5 the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 2nd before (left) and after (right) forming the four heads 21st of the second connecting means of the second connecting element 5 . The second connector 5 has a second surface 27th on, which in turn has a second holding surface 29 having.

In 2nd are the first area 23 and the second surface 27th towards each other. In particular, limit the first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 a recording 31 for the at least one electrical line 13 .

Furthermore, the connection device 1 a biasing element 33 on that of the first connector 3rd provided. The preload element 33 has the first holding surface 25th on. The preload element 33 is formed in several parts and has two spring elements 67 on. The multi-part design of the biasing element 33 allows the first holding surface 25th is divided into two spaced apart parts.

The preload element 33 is in 2nd in a biased condition. The pretensioned state enables a pretensioning force to be proportional to each part of the first holding surface 25th on the electrical lines 13 and from the electrical lines 13 on the second holding surface 29 can be transferred. The preload acts on the first holding surface 25th , on the second holding surface 29 and on the electrical wires 13 .

The biasing force acts accordingly on the first connecting means and the second connecting means, in each case proportionately between each of the heads 21st and one for each head 21st assigned contact area 17th of the first connection means acts. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force, so that the electrical lines 13 in the connector 1 be held securely and at the same time the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 are biased against each other. The pretensioning force enables a relative movement of the first connecting element at high vibration loads 3rd and the second connecting element 5 to each other.

The electrical lines 13 have two single wires 47 on. In addition, four of the electrical lines form 13 a ribbon cable 49 . The recording 31 is due to different distances between the first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 in the connection state of the connection device 1 the different cross-sectional areas of the electrical lines 13 customized. This allows the electrical lines 13 are held securely and are not excessively mechanically stressed by the holding. This can fix the electrical lines 13 with different cross-sectional areas and at the same time squeezing the electrical lines 13 be avoided.

In the 2nd Connection device shown 1 can by connecting the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 are formed together. This is explained below using the 4th to 7 described in more detail.

In the left figure in 4th it is shown that the second connecting means of the second connecting element 5 before forming the heads 21st four bolts 35 having. Each of the four bolts 35 can also be called a pin. The left figure in 4th shows a state of the second connecting element 5 before starting with the first connector 3rd connected is. Each of the bolts 35 has a distal head portion 37 on. In the right figure in 4th is the second lanyard 5 after forming the heads 21st shown. The right figure in 4th shows a state of the second connecting element 5 after it with the first connector 3rd connected is. Each of the heads 21st is a corresponding bolt section 19th assigned. Each bolt section 19th and a correspondingly assigned head 21st can be described together as a hot calked pin.

5 shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 2nd in a decoupling state. In 5 is indicated by two vertical arrows that the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 be moved towards each other such that each of the bolts 35 in a corresponding recess 15 is introduced, the first area 23 and the second surface 27th face each other and the biasing element 33 is brought into the prestressed state. For example, the second connecting element can be used for this 5 the electrical cables are placed on a shelf 13 on the second holding surface 29 be positioned and then the first connecting element 3rd towards the second connecting element 5 be moved. The first connector 3rd can be held and moved, for example by hand or with a robot gripper, so that the assembly of the connecting device 1 can be done manually and / or automatically.

6 shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 2nd with a biasing element 33 in the biased state. Each of the bolts 35 is in a corresponding recess 15 arranged. Each of the distal head sections 37 protrudes in the axial direction of the corresponding bolts 35 via a corresponding contact surface 17th of the first connection means.

7 shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 2nd in a connection state. The connection state is achieved by each of the distal head sections 37 is plastically reshaped such that each of the distal head sections 37 a corresponding head 21st is formed. A plastic reshaping of the head sections 37 can be done with a stamp 55 can be achieved. The Stamp 55 can be on any of the distal head sections 37 be pressed and put it in a corresponding head 21st reshape. Each of the bolt sections 19th is in a corresponding recess 15 arranged and each of the heads 21st lies on a corresponding contact surface 17th at. The preload can be between the contact surfaces 17th and heads 21st be transmitted. Such a connection between the first and second connecting means prevents the first connecting element from loosening and falling out in an uncontrolled manner 3rd in the electronics room with possible damage to other components.

The second connector 5 has two guide rails 51 on. The guide rails 51 run parallel to each other. The guide rails 51 facilitate the positioning of the electrical lines 13 on the second holding surface 29 .

In the 4th two of the four bolts arranged at the front 35 are perpendicular to an extension direction of the guide rails 51 seen further apart than that in 4th another two of the four bolts arranged at the rear 35 . Accordingly, the in 3rd two of the four recesses arranged at the front 15 spaced further apart than that in 3rd another two of the four recesses arranged at the rear 15 . The connection of the first connection element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 can be further simplified with each other. In addition, the positioning accuracy and assembly security can be increased. This formation of the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 can also be called Poka Yoke Feature.

The first connector 3rd has several ribs 53 on. Ribs 53 increase the rigidity of the first connecting element 3rd . Ribs 53 are on two opposite sides of the biasing element 33 arranged and on each side between two of the recesses 15 arranged. This causes a deformation of the first connecting element 3rd kept low with high forces.

8th shows a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 . The connecting device 1 is for holding at least one electrical line 13 educated. The connecting device 1 has a first connecting element 3rd and a second connecting element 5 on. The first connector 3rd can also be called a clip. The second connector 5 can also be called a carrier. The first connector 3rd has a first connecting means which is formed in several parts and two locking elements 39 having. Each of the locking element 39 can be moved from an unloaded state to a pre-stressed state. The second connector 5 has a second connecting means, which is also formed in several parts and two flanges 41 having. In the in 8th shown connection state of the connection device 1 engages each of the locking elements 39 into one of the flanges 41 one and each of the locking elements 39 is in a prestressed state. The first connection means and the second connection means are in 8th releasably connected.

9 shows a schematic perspective view of the first connecting element 3rd the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 8th . The first connector 3rd has a first surface 23 on. The first area 23 has a first holding surface 25th and a first contact surface 43 on.

10th shows a schematic perspective view of the second connecting element 5 the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 8th . The second connector 5 has a second surface 27th on that a second holding surface 29 and a second contact surface 45 having.

In 8th are the first area 23 and the second surface 27th towards each other. In particular, limit the first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 a recording 31 for the at least one electrical line 13 . The second holding surface 29 has rounded edges 61 on. On the rounded edges 61 can the electrical wires 13 concern when in the recording 31 are arranged. By rounding the edges 61 can be guaranteed that the electrical wiring 13 remain undamaged. The first contact surface is also located 43 and the second contact surface 45 to each other.

The connecting device 1 has a biasing element 33 on that of the first connector 3rd provided. The preload element 33 has the first contact surface 43 the first area 23 on. The preload element 33 is formed in several parts and has two spring elements 67 on. The multi-part design of the biasing element 33 allows the first contact surface 43 the first area 23 is divided into two spaced apart parts.

The preload element 33 is in 8th in a biased condition. The pretensioned state enables a part of the pretensioning force to be shared between a part of the first contact surface 43 and a corresponding part of the second contact surface 45 works. If the at least one electrical line 13 as in 8th represented in the recording 31 is arranged, a reaction force can in each case from the at least one electrical line 13 on the first holding surface 25th and on the second holding surface 29 act in such a way that on the first contact surface 43 the first area 23 and on the second contact surface 45 the second surface 27th acting preload is less than if the electrical lines 13 not in the recording 31 are arranged. If the electrical lines 13 in the recording 31 are arranged, can between the locking elements 39 and an associated flange 41 acting preload force to a reduced preload force between the first and second contact surfaces 43 , 45 acts, and split a reaction force between the electrical wires 13 and each of the first and second holding surfaces 25th , 29 works.

The biasing force acts accordingly on the first connecting means and the second Lanyards, each proportionately between each of the locking elements 39 and the respective locking element 39 associated flange 41 works. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force, so that the electrical lines 13 in the connector 1 be held securely and at the same time the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 are biased against each other. The pretensioning force enables a relative movement of the first connecting element at high vibration loads 3rd and the second connecting element 5 to each other.

The electrical lines 13 have two single wires 47 on that in a protective tube 59 are arranged. In addition, four of the electrical lines form 13 a ribbon cable 49 . The recording 31 the second embodiment is due to different distances between the first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 in the connection state of the connection device 1 the different cross-sectional areas of the several electrical lines 13 customized. This is through a recess 57 in the material of the second connecting element 5 reached the second holding surface 29 forms. The recess 57 can ensure that one or more of the electrical wires 13 can have a comparatively large cross-sectional area and at the same time the plurality of electrical lines 13 are held securely and are not excessively mechanically stressed by the holding. Thus, the electrical lines 13 be fixed and a pinch of the electrical lines 13 be avoided.

The first connector 3rd has a flat grip surface 63 on. The flat grip surface 63 offers a surface for manual gripping of the connecting element 3rd , so that a manual assembly of the connecting device 1 is simplified. In addition, the flat grip surface 63 a surface for gripping the connecting element 3rd ready with a robot gripper so that an automated assembly of the connecting device 1 is facilitated.

On the opposite side of the biasing element 33 has the first connecting element 3rd a mounting rib 65 on. The assembly rib 65 improves the feel of the first connecting element 3rd during installation. In addition, the mounting rib 65 positioning of the first connecting element 3rd in a robot gripper, for example by placing one of the mounting ribs in the robot gripper 65 appropriately shaped recess for receiving the mounting rib 65 is provided.

Each of the locking elements 39 has a locking surface 77 on. Each of the rest areas 77 lies in the connection state of the connection device 1 on a corresponding flange surface 79 a corresponding flange 41 at. Each of the rest areas 77 is from a corresponding stop 69 of the corresponding locking element 39 educated. Every locking element 39 has a corresponding locking arm 71 on, each of a corresponding stop 69 to the grip surface 63 extends. Each of the rest areas 77 is a corresponding first contact surface 43 the first area 23 facing. An extension of each of the rest 69 from the corresponding resting area 77 to one end of the locking element 39 corresponds approximately to an extension of each of the locking arms 71 from the corresponding resting area 77 to the grip surface 63 . Each of the rest areas 77 each of the locking elements 39 is therefore approximately half the length of the corresponding locking element 39 arranged. Therefore, each locking element has 39 a long geometry for secure positioning of the first connecting element 3rd relative to the second connector 5 on.

The second connector 5 has four guide elements 73 on. Each of the guide elements 73 extends from one of the second contact surfaces 45 path. The leadership elements 73 facilitate the positioning of the first connecting element 3rd relative to the second connector 5 when moving the connecting device 1 in the connection state, so that the assembly of the connection device 1 is facilitated. Every guide element 73 each provides a guide rib 75 ready. Two of the guide ribs each 75 face each other. The guide ribs 75 specify the positioning of the first connecting element 3rd relative to the second connector 5 when moving the connecting device 1 in the connection state further.

In the 8th Connection device shown 1 can by connecting the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 are formed together. This is explained below using the 11 described in more detail.

11 shows four schematic perspective views of the first connecting means of the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting means of the second connecting element 5 each of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 8th . From the left figure to the right figure in 8th becomes the connector 1 moved from a decoupling state to the connection state. In the left figure in 8th is the connection device 1 in the decoupling state. Here is the locking element 39 in an unloaded state. The locking element 39 is in the direction of the arrow (assembly direction) relative to the flange 41 moves so that the locking element 39 and the flange 41 touch. Touching the locking element 39 and the flange 41 is in the second figure from the left in 8th shown. The locking element 39 will continue in the direction of the arrow relative to the flange 41 moves so that the locking element 39 deformed perpendicular to the direction of the arrow. The locking element 39 is brought into a maximally deformed state. The maximum deformed state of the locking element 39 is in the third figure from the left in 8th shown. The locking element 39 will continue in the direction of the arrow relative to the flange 41 moves so that the locking element 39 finally, as in the right figure in 8th shown behind the flange 41 engages and remains in the prestressed state. In this state, the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 releasably connected.

If the locking element 39 behind the flange 41 can engage the locking element 39 against the flange 41 bump so that there is a click. The latching noise can increase the assembly reliability, since when the latching noise is detected, it can be concluded that the connecting device 1 is in the connection state.

For example, to connect the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 the second connecting element 5 the electrical cables are placed on a shelf 13 on the second holding surface 29 be positioned and then the first connecting element 3rd towards the second connecting element 5 be moved. The first connector 3rd can be held and moved, for example by hand or with a robot gripper, so that the assembly of the connecting device 1 can be done manually and / or automatically.

12 shows a schematic sectional view of a section of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 8th . The connecting device 1 is in 12 in the connection state. The preload element 33 is in the prestressed state and a prestressing force acts on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means. In the recording 31 are electrical cables 13 arranged. The first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 Due to their design and position, the electrical lines are forced to each other 13 in a deformed state. The electrical lines are in the deformed state 13 preferably bent. The electrical lines 13 are from the first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 kept in the deformed state without being excessively deformed in the radial direction. The electrical lines 13 are arranged here in a meandering shape and pinch the electrical cables 13 is avoided. The meandering arrangement of the electrical lines 13 can reduce the rigidity of the electrical wiring 13 increase, causing the electrical wires 13 can be exposed to higher vibrations.

13 shows a further schematic sectional view of a further section of the second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 in 8th . The connecting device 1 is in 13 in the connection state. The preload element 33 is in the prestressed state and a prestressing force acts on the first connecting means and on the second connecting means. Each of the locking element 39 reaches behind a corresponding flange 41 , each rest area 77 on a corresponding flange surface 79 is present. Each of the rest areas 77 and each of the flange surfaces 79 form an angle to the direction of the arrow in 11 . Each of the angles ensures a form fit between each of the locking elements 39 and a corresponding flange 41 against movement of each of the locking elements 39 perpendicular to the direction of the arrow in 11 of the respective flange 41 path.

14 shows a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention 1 . The connecting device 1 is for holding at least one electrical line 13 trained, being in 14 no electrical wire 13 is shown. The connecting device 1 has a first connecting element 3rd and a second connecting element 5 on. The first connector 3rd has a first connecting means which is formed in several parts and two locking elements 39 having. Each of the locking element 39 can be moved from an unloaded state to a pre-stressed state. The second connector 5 has a second connecting means, which is also formed in several parts and two flanges 41 having. In the in 14 shown connection state of the connection device 1 engages each of the locking elements 39 into one of the flanges 41 one and each of the locking elements 39 is in a prestressed state. The first connecting means and the second connecting means are releasably connected to one another.

The first connector 3rd has a similarly designed as in the first embodiment and in 14 first surface, not shown 23 on. The first area 23 has a first holding surface 25th on. The second connector 5 has a similarly designed as in the first embodiment and in 14 not shown second area 27th on that a second holding surface 29 having. The first area 23 and the second surface 27th face each other. The first holding surface 25th and the second holding surface 29 limit one admission 31 for at least one electrical line 13 .

The connecting device 1 has a biasing element formed similar to the first embodiment 33 on that of the first connector 3rd provided. The preload element 33 has the first holding surface 25th on and is formed in several parts. The preload element 33 is in 14 in a biased condition. The pretensioned state enables a pretensioning force to be proportional to each part of the first holding surface 25th on each part of the second holding surface 29 works. If in the recording 31 at least one electrical line 13 is arranged, the biasing force acts on the first holding surface 25th , on the second holding surface 29 and on the electrical wires 13 , similar to the first embodiment.

The pretensioning force acts accordingly on the first connecting means and the second connecting means, in each case proportionately between each of the latching elements 39 and the respective locking element 39 associated flange 41 works. This force effect on the first connection means and the second connection means essentially corresponds to the force effect in the second exemplary embodiment. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force, such that electrical lines 13 in the connector 1 can be held securely and at the same time the first connecting element 3rd and the second connector 5 can be biased against each other. The pretensioning force enables a relative movement of the first connecting element at high vibration loads 3rd and the second connecting element 5 to each other.

The first connector 3rd additionally has a third connecting means, the two recesses 15 and two contact surfaces 17th having. The second connector 5 has a fourth connection means, the two bolts 35 each with a distal head section 37 having. Of the two bolts 35 is just a bolt 35 in 14 shown. The recesses 15 and the bolts 35 can be used to position the first connecting element 3rd and the second connecting element 5 used to each other, with the distal head sections 37 not to a corresponding head 21st be reshaped. Alternatively, the third connecting means and the fourth connecting means can be designed and / or connected to one another similarly to the first connecting means and the second connecting means of the first embodiment.

In addition, it should be pointed out that "having" does not exclude other elements or steps and that "a" or "one" does not exclude a large number. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that features which have been described with reference to one of the above exemplary embodiments can also be used in combination with other features of other above-described exemplary embodiments. Reference signs in the claims are not to be viewed as a restriction.

Reference symbol list

1

Connecting device

3rd

first connecting element

5

second connecting element

7

Film hinge

9

Locking hook

11

head Start

13

electrical line

15

Recess

17th

Contact surface

19th

Bolt section

21st

head

23

first area

25th

first holding surface

27th

second area

29

second holding surface

31

admission

33

Preloading element

35

bolt

37

distal head section

39

Locking element

41

flange

43

first contact surface of the first surface

45

second contact surface of the second surface

47

Single wire

49

Ribbon cable

51

Guide rail

53

rib

55

stamp

57

Recess in the second connecting element

59

Protective hose

61

rounded edge

63

Grip area

65

Mounting rib

67

Spring element

69

Resting

71

Locking arm

73

Guide element

75

Guide rib

77

Rest area

79

Flange surface

Claims (17)

Connecting device (1) with a first connecting element (3) and a second connecting element (5), the first connecting element (3) having a first surface (23) and a first connecting means, the second connecting element (5) having a second surface (27) and a second connecting means, the first connecting means and the second connecting means being connectable to one another, wherein the connection device (1) is in a connection state when the first connection means and the second connection means are connected to one another, the connecting device (1) having a prestressing element (33) which can be brought from an unloaded state into a prestressed state, wherein in the connected state, the first surface (23) and the second surface (27) face each other, the biasing element (33) is in the preloaded state and a preload force acts on the first connection means and on the second connection means and the preload force is greater than a predetermined one Minimum preload is. Connection device (1) after Claim 1 , wherein the connecting device (1) is designed to hold at least one electrical line (13), the first surface (23) having a first holding surface (25), the second surface (27) having a second holding surface (29), and the first holding surface (25) and the second holding surface (29) limit a receptacle (31) for the at least one electrical line (13) when the connecting device (1) is in the connected state. Connection device (1) after Claim 2 wherein the biasing force acts on the first holding surface (25) and on the second holding surface (29) when the connection device (1) is in the connection state. Connection device (1) after Claim 3 The biasing force acts on the at least one electrical line (13) when the connection device (1) is in the connection state and the at least one electrical line (13) is arranged in the receptacle (31). Connection device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 2nd , The first surface (23) having a first contact surface (43), the second surface (27) having a second contact surface (45), the prestressing force acting on the first contact surface (43) and on the second contact surface (45) when the connection device (1) is in the connection state. Connection device (1) after Claim 5 , wherein when the connection device (1) is in the connection state and the at least one electrical line (13) is arranged in the receptacle (31), a reaction force acts on the first holding surface (25) and on the second holding surface (29) in this way that a reduced prestressing force acts on the first contact surface (43) of the first surface (23) and on the second contact surface (45) of the second surface (27), which is less than that on the first contact surface (43) and on the second contact surface (45) is the prestressing force if the at least one electrical line (13) is not arranged in the receptacle (31). Connecting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first connecting element (3) provides the biasing element (33). Connection device (1) after Claim 7 , wherein the biasing element (33) has the first holding surface (25). Connection device (1) after Claim 7 , wherein the biasing element (33) has the first contact surface (43) of the first surface (23). Connecting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the biasing element (33) is formed in several parts. Connecting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first connecting means has a recess (15) and a contact surface (17), the second connecting means having a bolt section (19) and a head (21), wherein the bolt section (19) is arranged in the recess (15) and the head (21) bears against the contact surface (17) of the first connection means when the connection device (1) is in the connection state. Connection device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 10th , the first connecting means having a latching element (39) which can be moved from an unloaded state into a pretensioned state, the second connecting means having a flange (41), the latching element (39) and the flange (41) interlocking, when the connection device (1) is in the connection state and the locking element (39) is in the prestressed state. Connection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first connection means and the second connection means are releasably connected to one another when the connection device (1) is in the connection state. Connection device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 12 , wherein the first connection means and the second connection means are permanently connected to each other when the connection device (1) is in the connection state. Connection element (3) which is adapted to be connected to a second connection element (5) to form a connection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the connecting element (3) having a first connecting means, a first surface (23) and a prestressing element (33) which can be brought from an unloaded state into a prestressed state, the second connecting element (5) having a second connecting means and a second surface (27), the first connecting means and the second connecting means being connectable to one another, wherein the connection device (1) is in a connection state when the first connection means and the second connection means are connected to one another, wherein in the connected state the first surface (23) and the second surface (27) face each other, the biasing element (33) is in the pre-stressed state and a biasing force acts on the first connecting means and the second connecting means and the biasing force is greater than a predetermined minimum biasing force is. System comprising a connecting device (1) according to one of the Claims 2 to 14 , a converter and at least one electrical line (13), the connecting device (1) being in the connected state, the at least one electrical line (13) being electrically coupled to the converter, and the at least one electrical line (13) extends from the converter through the receptacle (31) between the first holding surface (25) and the second holding surface (29). Method for connecting a first connecting element (3) and a second connecting element (5) to one another in order to connect a connecting device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 14 The first connecting element (3) has a first surface (23) and a first connecting means which has a recess (15) and a contact surface (17), the second connecting element (5) having a second surface (27) and a second connection means having a bolt (35) with a distal head portion (37), the first connection means and the second connection means being connectable to one another, the connection device (1) being in a connection state when the first connection means and the second Connecting means are connected to one another, the connecting device (1) having a prestressing element (33) which can be moved from an unloaded state into a prestressed state, the first connecting element (3) and the second connecting element (5) being moved toward one another in such a way that that the bolt (35) is inserted into the recess (15), the first surface (23) and the second surface (27) are opposite and the biasing element (33) is brought into the prestressed state, the first connecting means and the second connecting means being connected to one another by plastically deforming the distal head section (37) in such a way that a head (21 ) of the second connection means is formed, so that a bolt section (19) of the second connection means is arranged in the recess (15) and the head (21) bears against the contact surface (17) of the first connection means, the first surface (23 ) and the second surface (27) face each other, the pretensioning element (33) is in the pretensioned state and a pretensioning force acts on the contact surface (17) of the first connecting means and the head (21) and the pretensioning force is greater than a predetermined minimum pretensioning force.

Images