DE102018220992A1 - Safety device and electrochemical energy store with a safety device - Google Patents
Safety device and electrochemical energy store with a safety device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102018220992A1 DE102018220992A1 DE102018220992.8A DE102018220992A DE102018220992A1 DE 102018220992 A1 DE102018220992 A1 DE 102018220992A1 DE 102018220992 A DE102018220992 A DE 102018220992A DE 102018220992 A1 DE102018220992 A1 DE 102018220992A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical energy
- energy store
- safety device
- cooling
- cooling device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Sicherheitsvorrichtung (100) für einen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sicherheitsvorrichtung (100) ein Berstventil (101) und eine Kühlvorrichtung (102) aufweist.Safety device (100) for an electrochemical energy store, characterized in that the safety device (100) has a burst valve (101) and a cooling device (102).
Description
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher, einen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher mit solch einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Schutz eines elektrochemischen Energiespeichers.The invention relates to a safety device for an electrochemical energy store, an electrochemical energy store with such a safety device and a method for protecting an electrochemical energy store.
Batterien für Elektrofahrzeuge müssen hohe Reichweiten gewährleisten. Dazu werden hohe Energiedichten angestrebt. Die Lithium-Ionen-Technologie und die Post-Lithium-Ionen-Technologie sind geeignete Technologien, da sie sehr hohe Energiedichten aufweisen.Batteries for electric vehicles must ensure long ranges. For this purpose, high energy densities are aimed for. Lithium-ion technology and post-lithium-ion technology are suitable technologies because they have very high energy densities.
Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass es im Fehlerfall aufgrund der hohen Reaktionskinetik und der gleichzeitig großen, freigesetzten Energiemenge zu gefährlichen Situationen kommen kann, wie Feuer oder Explosionen.The disadvantage here is that in the event of a fault, dangerous situations such as fire or explosions can occur due to the high reaction kinetics and the large amount of energy released.
Daher ist es von Bedeutung eine sich selbst beschleunigende Aufheizung der Batteriezelle zu verhindern und eine Propagation von einer Batteriezelle zur nächsten zu vermeiden. Bereits die Entgasung einer einzigen Zelle kann dazu führen, dass heiße Gase oder gar Feuer durch das Überdruckventil bzw. Berstventil des Batteriepacks nach außen gelangen und damit Passanten oder gar Fahrzeuginsassen in Gefahr bringen.It is therefore important to prevent self-accelerating heating of the battery cell and to avoid propagation from one battery cell to the next. Even the degassing of a single cell can lead to hot gases or even fire escaping through the pressure relief valve or bursting valve of the battery pack and thus endangering pedestrians or even vehicle occupants.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, dass weder Feuer noch heißes Gas aus der Batterie nach außen gelangt.The object of the invention is that neither fire nor hot gas can escape from the battery.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher umfasst ein Berstventil und eine Kühlvorrichtung.The safety device according to the invention for an electrochemical energy store comprises a burst valve and a cooling device.
Der Vorteil ist hierbei, dass es sich um ein zweistufiges Sicherheitssystem handelt, dass das Austreten heißen Gases verhindert, indem die Temperatur des austretenden Gases verringert wird.The advantage here is that it is a two-stage safety system that prevents hot gas from escaping by reducing the temperature of the escaping gas.
In einer Weiterbildung ist die Kühlvorrichtung hinter dem Berstventil angeordnet.In one development, the cooling device is arranged behind the burst valve.
Vorteilhaft ist hierbei, dass Gas, das durch das Berstventil freigesetzt wird, mittels der Kühlvorrichtung heruntergekühlt wird, sodass die Gefahr für Personen sich daran zu verletzen verringert wird.It is advantageous here that gas which is released by the burst valve is cooled down by the cooling device, so that the risk of injury to persons is reduced.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Kühlvorrichtung passiv.In a further embodiment, the cooling device is passive.
Der Vorteil ist hierbei, dass die Kühlvorrichtung kostengünstig und volumenoptimiert ist.The advantage here is that the cooling device is inexpensive and volume-optimized.
In einer Weiterbildung weist die Kühlvorrichtung Rohre für Kühlflüssigkeit auf.In one development, the cooling device has tubes for coolant.
Vorteilhaft ist hierbei, dass die Temperaturreduktion des Gases schnell erfolgt.It is advantageous here that the temperature of the gas is reduced quickly.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung umfasst die Kühlvorrichtung eine Kühlplatte.In a further embodiment, the cooling device comprises a cooling plate.
Der Vorteil ist hierbei, dass es sich um eine einfache Kühlvorrichtung handelt.The advantage here is that it is a simple cooling device.
Der erfindungsgemäße Energiespeicher umfasst eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung, die ein Berstventil und eine Kühlvorrichtung aufweist.The energy store according to the invention comprises a safety device which has a burst valve and a cooling device.
Der Vorteil ist hierbei, dass eine Explosion der Batterie verhindert wird und dass das Gas, das beim Entgasen einer Batteriezelle aus dem Batteriepack entweicht oder das Batteriepack beim thermischen Durchgehen verlässt, abgekühlt wird, sodass die Gefahr für Passagiere und Passanten verletzt zu werden reduziert wird.The advantage here is that an explosion of the battery is prevented and that the gas that escapes from the battery pack when a battery cell is degassed or leaves the battery pack when it is thermally cooled is cooled, so that the risk of injury to passengers and passers-by is reduced.
In einer Weiterbildung ist die Sicherheitsvorrichtung innerhalb eines Gehäuses des elektrochemischen Energiespeichers angeordnet.In one development, the safety device is arranged within a housing of the electrochemical energy store.
Der Vorteil ist hierbei, dass die heißen Gase innerhalb des Gehäuses heruntergekühlt werden und nicht nach außen gelangen.The advantage here is that the hot gases are cooled down inside the housing and do not escape to the outside.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Kühlvorrichtung hinter dem Berstventil angeordnet.In a further embodiment, the cooling device is arranged behind the burst valve.
In einer Weiterbildung ist die Kühlvorrichtung passiv.In one development, the cooling device is passive.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Kühlvorrichtung Rohre für Kühlflüssigkeit auf.In a further embodiment, the cooling device has tubes for coolant.
In einer Weiterbildung umfasst die Kühlvorrichtung eine Kühlplatte.In one development, the cooling device comprises a cooling plate.
Der Vorteil ist hierbei, dass der austretende Gasstrom entlang der Kühlplatte gelenkt werden kann und die Kühlplatte direkt als Wärmetauscher fungiert.The advantage here is that the escaping gas flow can be directed along the cooling plate and the cooling plate acts directly as a heat exchanger.
Die erfindungsgemäße stationäre Vorrichtung oder das Fahrzeug umfassen einen erfindungsgemäßen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher.The stationary device according to the invention or the vehicle comprise an electrochemical energy store according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Schutz eines elektrochemischen Energiespeichers umfasst das Entgasen einer Batteriezelle innerhalb des elektrochemischen Energiespeichers und das Betätigen eines Berstventils, wenn der Druck innerhalb des elektrochemischen Energiespeichers einen vorbestimmten Grenzwert überschreitet, sowie das Kühlen des aus dem Berstventil austretenden Gases auf einen Wert unterhalb der Selbstentzündungstemperatur mit Hilfe einer Kühlvorrichtung, die dem Berstventil unmittelbar nachgelagert ist.The method according to the invention for protecting an electrochemical energy store comprises degassing a battery cell within the electrochemical energy store and that Actuation of a burst valve when the pressure within the electrochemical energy store exceeds a predetermined limit value, and cooling of the gas emerging from the burst valve to a value below the self-ignition temperature with the aid of a cooling device which is immediately downstream of the burst valve.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen bzw. den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.Further advantages result from the following description of exemplary embodiments or the dependent patent claims.
FigurenlisteFigure list
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsformen und beigefügter Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:
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1 eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher, -
2 einen elektrochemischen Energiespeicher mit einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung, und -
3 ein Verfahren zum Schutz eines elektrochemischen Energiespeichers.
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1 a safety device for an electrochemical energy store, -
2nd an electrochemical energy store with a safety device, and -
3rd a method for protecting an electrochemical energy store.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Kühlvorrichtung
Die Sicherheitsvorrichtung
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018220992.8A DE102018220992A1 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Safety device and electrochemical energy store with a safety device |
CN201911228354.0A CN111276658A (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2019-12-04 | Safety device and electrochemical energy store having a safety device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018220992.8A DE102018220992A1 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Safety device and electrochemical energy store with a safety device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102018220992A1 true DE102018220992A1 (en) | 2020-06-10 |
Family
ID=70776708
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018220992.8A Pending DE102018220992A1 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Safety device and electrochemical energy store with a safety device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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CN (1) | CN111276658A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018220992A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021125189A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2023-03-30 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Cell degassing duct for removing gases from a motor vehicle battery and motor vehicle |
DE102021127620A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-27 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Gas evacuation chamber and battery assembly for evacuating gases from a motor vehicle battery |
DE102021127622A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-27 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Cell degassing duct arrangement and method for removing gases from a battery |
DE102021127623A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-27 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Battery fire prevention system and method for preventing battery fire resulting from thermal runaway of a battery cell |
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DE102008034700A1 (en) * | 2008-07-26 | 2010-01-28 | Daimler Ag | Battery for use in e.g. luggage compartment in interior of e.g. hybrid vehicle, has set of battery cells and housing, and pipe attached to opening for discharging gases, where housing exhibits opening |
DE102014203133A1 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for tempering and degassing a battery cell and battery and battery system |
DE102015007411A1 (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-12-15 | Daimler Ag | Battery case, battery and vehicle with at least one battery |
Family Cites Families (5)
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EP1780865B1 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2017-02-22 | Black & Decker, Inc. | Thermal management system for a battery pack |
CN106785182B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2019-06-11 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack |
CN206992202U (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-02-09 | 苏州科易新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of module smoke evacuation heat insulation structural |
CN206834290U (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-01-02 | 惠州中科新能源研究院 | A kind of type square cooling battery modules |
CN207587821U (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-07-06 | 湖北环天高科新能源有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion power battery explosion protection mechanism |
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2018
- 2018-12-05 DE DE102018220992.8A patent/DE102018220992A1/en active Pending
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2019
- 2019-12-04 CN CN201911228354.0A patent/CN111276658A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102008034700A1 (en) * | 2008-07-26 | 2010-01-28 | Daimler Ag | Battery for use in e.g. luggage compartment in interior of e.g. hybrid vehicle, has set of battery cells and housing, and pipe attached to opening for discharging gases, where housing exhibits opening |
DE102014203133A1 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for tempering and degassing a battery cell and battery and battery system |
DE102015007411A1 (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-12-15 | Daimler Ag | Battery case, battery and vehicle with at least one battery |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021125189A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2023-03-30 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Cell degassing duct for removing gases from a motor vehicle battery and motor vehicle |
DE102021127620A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-27 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Gas evacuation chamber and battery assembly for evacuating gases from a motor vehicle battery |
DE102021127622A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-27 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Cell degassing duct arrangement and method for removing gases from a battery |
DE102021127623A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-27 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Battery fire prevention system and method for preventing battery fire resulting from thermal runaway of a battery cell |
WO2023072523A2 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-04 | Audi Ag | Battery fire prevention system, and method for preventing a battery fire resulting from thermal runaway of a battery cell |
WO2023072575A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-04 | Audi Ag | Gas discharge chamber and battery assembly for discharging gases from a motor vehicle battery |
WO2023078646A1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-11 | Audi Ag | Cell venting channel arrangement and method for discharging gases from a battery |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN111276658A (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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