DE102018212887B4 - Method for operating a hybrid electric motor vehicle - Google Patents
Method for operating a hybrid electric motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- DE102018212887B4 DE102018212887B4 DE102018212887.1A DE102018212887A DE102018212887B4 DE 102018212887 B4 DE102018212887 B4 DE 102018212887B4 DE 102018212887 A DE102018212887 A DE 102018212887A DE 102018212887 B4 DE102018212887 B4 DE 102018212887B4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/192—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K2006/4841—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range the gear provides shifting between multiple ratios
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
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Abstract
Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs (4) mit einem riemengetriebenen Startergenerator (6), der ohne Zwischenschaltung einer Kupplung über ein CVT (8) eine Kurbelwelle (12) einer Brennkraftmaschine (10) des Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs (4) antreibt, mit den Schritten:Bestimmen von einem Parameter (P) indikativ für einen Kaltstart oder einen Warmstart,Ansteuern des CVTs (8) zum Übertragen einer Drehzahl des riemengetriebenen Startergenerators (6) mit einem ersten Übersetzungsverhältnis, wenn der Parameter (P) indikativ für einen Warmstart ist, undAnsteuern des CVTs (8) zum Übertragen einer Drehzahl des riemengetriebenen Startergenerators (6) mit einem zweiten Übersetzungsverhältnis, wenn der Parameter (P) indikativ für einen Kaltstart ist, wobei das zweite Übersetzungsverhältnis größer als das erste Übersetzungsverhältnis ist.Method for operating a hybrid electric motor vehicle (4) with a belt-driven starter generator (6) which drives a crankshaft (12) of an internal combustion engine (10) of the hybrid electric motor vehicle (4) without the interposition of a clutch via a CVT (8), with the following steps: determining a parameter (P) indicative of a cold start or a warm start, control of the CVT (8) to transmit a speed of the belt-driven starter generator (6) with a first gear ratio if the parameter (P) is indicative of a warm start, and control of the CVT ( 8) for transmitting a speed of the belt-driven starter generator (6) with a second gear ratio if the parameter (P) is indicative of a cold start, the second gear ratio being greater than the first gear ratio.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs mit einem riemengetriebenen Startergenerator, der über ein CVT eine Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine des Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs antreibt.The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid electric motor vehicle with a belt-driven starter generator which drives a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine of the hybrid electric motor vehicle via a CVT.
Unter einem Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeug (englisch hybrid electric vehicle, HEV) wird ein Kraftfahrzeug verstanden, das von mindestens einer motorisch betriebenen elektrischen Maschine und einer Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben wird.A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is understood to mean a motor vehicle that is driven by at least one motor-driven electrical machine and an internal combustion engine.
Ein Hybridantrieb kann in vielen unterschiedlichen Variationen ausgestaltet sein. Im Serienautomobilbau wird er eingesetzt, um die Effizienz des Antriebsstranges zu verbessern, den Verbrauch fossiler Kraftstoffe zu verringern oder die Leistung im niedrigen Drehzahlbereich zu steigern.A hybrid drive can be designed in many different variations. It is used in series automobile construction to improve the efficiency of the drive train, to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels or to increase the output in the low speed range.
Der Startergenerator vereint die Funktionen von Anlasser und Lichtmaschine in einer einzigen elektrischen Maschine. Er kann damit sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine des Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs beschleunigen (Startbetrieb), als auch bei laufender Brennkraftmaschine elektrischen Strom erzeugen (Generatorbetrieb).The starter generator combines the functions of the starter and alternator in a single electrical machine. It can thus both accelerate the internal combustion engine of the hybrid electric vehicle (starting mode) and also generate electricity when the internal combustion engine is running (generator mode).
Moderne, leistungsstarke Startergeneratoren können in Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugen Energie sparen, indem sie beim Abbremsen des Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs elektrische Energie in einen wiederaufladbaren Speicher zurückspeisen und diese Energie später verwenden, um die Brennkraftmaschine zu entlasten oder zu unterstützen, wenn besonders viel Energie benötigt wird, beispielsweise beim Beschleunigen.Modern, powerful starter generators can save energy in hybrid electric vehicles by feeding electrical energy back into a rechargeable storage device when braking the hybrid electric vehicle and using this energy later to relieve the internal combustion engine or to support it when a particularly large amount of energy is required, for example when accelerating.
Derartige Startergeneratoren sind ständig mit der Brennkraftmaschine drehmomentübertragend verbunden.Such starter generators are constantly connected to the internal combustion engine to transmit torque.
Riemengetriebene Startergeneratoren oder Riemenstartergeneratoren (RSG, englisch Belt-Driven Starter Generator (BSG), oder Belt-Driven Integrated Starter Generator (B-ISG)) werden, wie eine herkömmliche Lichtmaschine, mittels eines Riementriebs mit der Brennkraftmaschine gekoppelt. Hierfür sind geringe mechanische Änderungen am Spannsystem des Riementriebs erforderlich, da im Betrieb Leer- und Lasttrum wechseln. Dabei wird unter Lasttrum die Seite des Riemens verstanden, die gezogen wird und stramm ist. Als elektrische Maschine können luft- oder wassergekühlte Synchronmaschinen, Asynchronmaschinen oder geschaltete Reluktanzmaschinen zum Einsatz kommen. Die von einem Riemen bei vertretbaren Kosten und mechanischen Verlusten übertragbare Leistung ist jedoch begrenzt, so dass riemengetriebene Startergeneratoren nur für Mikro- und Mildhybride einsetzbar sind.Belt-driven starter generators or belt starter generators (RSG, Belt-Driven Starter Generator (BSG), or Belt-Driven Integrated Starter Generator (B-ISG)) are, like a conventional alternator, coupled to the internal combustion engine by means of a belt drive. For this, small mechanical changes to the tensioning system of the belt drive are necessary, since the idle and load strand alternate during operation. The side of the belt that is being pulled and is taut is understood by the load side. Air or water-cooled synchronous machines, asynchronous machines or switched reluctance machines can be used as electrical machines. The power that can be transmitted by a belt with reasonable costs and mechanical losses is limited, so that belt-driven starter generators can only be used for micro and mild hybrids.
Des Weiteren können über einen derartigen Riemen die für einen Kaltstart erforderlichen Drehmomente auf die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine nicht übertragen werden.Furthermore, the torques required for a cold start cannot be transmitted to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine via such a belt.
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Aus der
Aus der
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, Wege aufzuzeigen, wie der Betrieb eines derartigen Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs verbessert werden kann.It is therefore the object of the invention to show ways in which the operation of such a hybrid electric motor vehicle can be improved.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs mit einem riemengetriebenen Startergenerator, der ohne Zwischenschaltung einer Kupplung über ein CVT eine Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine des Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs antreibt, mit den Schritten:
- Bestimmen von einem Parameter indikativ für einen Kaltstart oder einen Warmstart der Brennkraftmaschine,
- Ansteuern des CVTs zum Übertragen einer Drehzahl des riemengetriebenen Startergenerators mit einem ersten Übersetzungsverhältnis, wenn der Parameter indikativ für einen Warmstart ist, und
- Ansteuern des CVTs zum Übertragen einer Drehzahl des riemengetriebenen Startergenerators mit einem zweiten Übersetzungsverhältnis, wenn der Parameter indikativ für einen Kaltstart ist, wobei das zweite Übersetzungsverhältnis größer als das erste Übersetzungsverhältnis ist.
- Determination of a parameter indicative of a cold start or a warm start of the internal combustion engine,
- Controlling the CVT to transmit a speed of the belt-driven starter generator with a first gear ratio if the parameter is indicative of a warm start, and
- Driving the CVT to transmit a speed of the belt-driven starter generator with a second gear ratio if the parameter is indicative of a cold start, the second gear ratio being greater than the first gear ratio.
Dabei steht CVT für Continuously Variable Transmission, also ein stufenloses Getriebe, das einen begrenzten Regelbereich hat. Mit dem CVT kann dann im Bedarfsfall - Kaltstart - eine Drehzahl und damit Drehmomentanpassung erfolgen, so dass auch bei einem Kaltstart die erforderlichen Drehmomente auf die Kurbelwelle übertragen werden können. So kann der Betrieb eines derartigen Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeugs verbessert werden.CVT stands for Continuously Variable Transmission, i.e. a continuously variable transmission that has a limited control range. With the CVT, if necessary - cold start - a speed and thus a torque adjustment can take place, so that the required torques can be transmitted to the crankshaft even in the case of a cold start. Thus, the operation of such a hybrid electric vehicle can be improved.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist das erste Übersetzungsverhältnis Eins und das zweite Übersetzungsverhältnis ist größer Eins. Mit anderen Worten, es erfolgt nur im Falle eines Kaltstarts eine Drehzahl- und damit Drehmomentanpassung.According to one embodiment, the first gear ratio is one and the second gear ratio is greater than one. In other words, the speed and thus the torque are only adapted in the event of a cold start.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist das CVT zumindest ein Kegelscheibenpaar mit einer ersten Kegelscheibe und einer zweiten Kegelscheibe auf, wobei die erste Kegelscheibe auf der Kurbelwelle axial fixiert ist und die zweite Kegelscheibe axial auf der Kurbelwelle verlagert werden kann. Mit anderen Worten, die zweite Kegelscheibe kann in Haupterstreckungsrichtung der Kurbelwelle verlagert werden. So kann das CVT einen besonders einfachen Aufbau aufweisen. Zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine Antriebsscheibe des riemengetriebenen Startergenerators ebenfalls als Kegelscheibenpaar mit einer ersten Kegelscheibe und einer zweiten Kegelscheibe ausgebildet ist, wobei eine der Kegelscheiben axial fixiert und die andere Kegelscheibe axial verlagerbar ausgebildet ist. Dies erlaubt es, durch eine gegenläufige Verlagerung der jeweiligen Kegelscheibenpaare die Zugmittellänge des Riemens konstant zu halten und sicherzustellen, dass der Riemen vorgespannt bleibt.According to a further embodiment, the CVT has at least one conical pulley pair with a first conical pulley and a second conical pulley, the first conical pulley being axially fixed on the crankshaft and the second conical pulley being axially displaceable on the crankshaft. In other words, the second conical disk can be displaced in the main direction of extent of the crankshaft. The CVT can thus have a particularly simple structure. In addition, it can be provided that a drive pulley of the belt-driven starter generator is also designed as a conical pulley pair with a first conical pulley and a second conical pulley, one of the conical pulleys being axially fixed and the other conical pulley being axially displaceable. This makes it possible to keep the traction element length of the belt constant by shifting the respective conical pulley pairs in opposite directions and to ensure that the belt remains pretensioned.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Hybridelektrokraftfahrzeug als Mild-Hybrid ausgebildet. Bei einem Mildhybrid unterstützt die motorisch betriebene elektrische Maschine die Brennkraftmaschine zur Leistungssteigerung. Die Bremsenergie kann in einer Nutzbremse teilweise wiedergewonnen werden. Als elektromotorische Leistungen werden etwa 6-14 kW angegeben. Parallel arbeitende Hybridantriebe werden oft als Mildhybrid ausgeführt. Bei einem parallel arbeitenden Hybridantrieb wirken die motorisch betriebene elektrische Maschine und die Brennkraftmaschine zugleich auf den Antriebsstrang, was die Drehmomente der einzelnen Antriebe addiert. Das ermöglicht eine schwächere Auslegung aller Motoren, was Kosten, Gewicht und Bauraum spart, im Falle der Brennkraftmaschine auch Kraftstoff (downsizing).According to a further embodiment, the hybrid electric motor vehicle is designed as a mild hybrid. In the case of a mild hybrid, the motor-driven electric machine supports the internal combustion engine to increase performance. The braking energy can be partially recovered in a regenerative brake. The specified electric motor power is around 6-14 kW. Hybrid drives that work in parallel are often designed as mild hybrids. In the case of a hybrid drive that works in parallel, the motor-driven electrical machine and the internal combustion engine act simultaneously on the drive train, which adds the torques of the individual drives. This enables a weaker design of all engines, which saves costs, weight and installation space, in the case of the internal combustion engine also fuel (downsizing).
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist das Elektrohybridkraftfahrzeug ein 48-Volt-Bordnetz auf. So können Komponenten des Antriebsstranges in ein leistungsfähiges Bordnetz eingebunden werden.According to a further embodiment, the hybrid electric motor vehicle has a 48-volt electrical system. In this way, components of the drive train can be integrated into a high-performance on-board network.
Ferner gehören zur Erfindung ein Computerprogrammprodukt und ein Steuergerät zur Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens sowie ein Elektrohybridkraftfahrzeug mit einem derartigen Steuergerät.The invention also includes a computer program product and a control device for carrying out such a method, as well as an electric hybrid motor vehicle with such a control device.
Es wird nun die Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt:
-
1 in schematischer Darstellung Komponenten eines Antriebsstranges eines Hybridelektrofahrzeugs. -
2 in schematischer Darstellung ein CVT als eine der in1 gezeigten Komponenten.
-
1 a schematic representation of components of a drive train of a hybrid electric vehicle. -
2 a schematic representation of a CVT as one of the in1 components shown.
Es wird zunächst auf
Dargestellt sind Komponenten eines Antriebsstranges
Der Antriebsstrang
Die Brennkraftmaschine
Je nach Betriebsart und Fahrzustand kann entweder die Brennkraftmaschine
Die elektrische Maschine ist eine elektrische Rotationsmaschine mit einem Rotor und einem Ständer, die sowohl motorisch, d.h. als Teiltraktionsmotor, und auch generatorisch betrieben werden kann. Die elektrische Maschine kann z.B. als Gleichstrommaschine, als Wechselstrommaschine, als Synchronmaschine, als Asynchronmaschine, als bürstenlose elektrische Maschine oder als Kombination der Maschinenarten ausgebildet sein.The electric machine is an electric rotary machine with a rotor and a stator, which can be operated as a motor, i.e. as a partial traction motor, and also as a generator. The electrical machine can be designed, for example, as a DC machine, an AC machine, a synchronous machine, an asynchronous machine, a brushless electrical machine or a combination of the types of machine.
Der wiederaufladbare Speicher für elektrische Energie ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ein Akkumulator. Abweichend vom vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel kann der wiederaufladbare Speicher für elektrische Energie Kondensatoren aufweisen.In the present exemplary embodiment, the rechargeable store for electrical energy is an accumulator. In a departure from the present exemplary embodiment, the rechargeable store for electrical energy can have capacitors.
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Antriebsstrang
Der Brennkraftmaschine
Ferner ist ein Steuergerät
Speziell im Falle eines Kaltstarts muss mit dem riemengetriebenen Startergenerator
Es wird nun zusätzlich auf
Um hier Abhilfe zu schaffen ist zwischen dem riemengetriebenen Startergenerator
Das CVT
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist die erste Kegelscheibe 22a auf der Kurbelwelle
Wenn die beiden Kegelscheiben 22a, 22b weit voneinander entfernt sind, beschreibt der Riemen
Zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Antriebsscheibe
Dies erlaubt es, durch eine gegenläufige Verlagerung der jeweiligen Kegelscheibenpaare die Zugmittellänge des Riemens
Ein kleiner Zugmittel-Radius im Antriebs-Kegelscheibenpaar entspricht dann einem kleinen Gang eines konventionellen Getriebes, ein großer Radius einem großen Gang.A small traction mechanism radius in the drive cone pulley pair then corresponds to a small gear in a conventional transmission, a large radius corresponds to a large gear.
Sind die Kegelscheiben des Antriebs-Kegelscheibenpaar weit voneinander entfernt und werden die jeweiligen Kegelscheiben zusammengedrückt, vergrößert sich der Zugmittel-Radius und damit das Übersetzungsverhältnis von klein auf groß. Da dieser Vorgang stufenlos ist, verändert sich das Übersetzungsverhältnis ebenfalls stufenlos.If the conical pulleys of the drive conical pulley pair are far apart and the respective conical pulleys are pressed together, the traction mechanism radius and thus the transmission ratio increase from small to large. Since this process is stepless, the transmission ratio also changes steplessly.
Im Betrieb erfasst das Steuergerät
In Abhängigkeit davon, ob ein Kaltstart oder ein Warmstart vorliegt erzeugt das Steuergerät
Wenn der Parameter
Wenn hingegen der Parameter
So kann mit dem zwischengeschalteten CVT
BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols
- 22
- AntriebsstrangPowertrain
- 44th
- HybridelektrokraftfahrzeugHybrid electric vehicle
- 66th
- riemengetriebener Startergeneratorbelt-driven starter generator
- 88th
- CVTCVT
- 1010
- BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine
- 1212th
- Kurbelwellecrankshaft
- 1414th
- SteuergerätControl unit
- 1616
- Riemenbelt
- 1818th
- AntriebsscheibeDrive pulley
- 2020th
- KegelscheibenpaarConical pulley pair
- 20a20a
- KegelscheibeConical disk
- 20b20b
- Kegelscheibe Conical disk
- PP
- Parameterparameter
- RR.
- Richtungdirection
- SS.
- StellsignalControl signal
Claims (12)
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DE102012109852A1 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-17 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Powertrain of a motor vehicle with internal combustion engine and starter-generator |
JP2015033971A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-19 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Hybrid system, hybrid vehicle, and power transmission method of hybrid system |
DE102014220862A1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Hybrid drive, hybrid vehicle, and method of operating a motor vehicle with a hybrid powertrain |
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2018
- 2018-08-02 DE DE102018212887.1A patent/DE102018212887B4/en active Active
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DE102012109852A1 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-17 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Powertrain of a motor vehicle with internal combustion engine and starter-generator |
JP2015033971A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-19 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Hybrid system, hybrid vehicle, and power transmission method of hybrid system |
DE102014220862A1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Hybrid drive, hybrid vehicle, and method of operating a motor vehicle with a hybrid powertrain |
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