DE102018210620A1 - Floating bodies for carrying an energetic system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a floating body with a cooling device for cooling a component (510) of a floating ocean wind park. The floating body comprises a wall (201). A part of the wall comprises a buoyancy zone (210) of the floating body and another part of the wall (201) comprises a stabilization zone (220) of the floating body. One part is intended for at least partial arrangement under a water surface (50) and the other part for complete arrangement under the water surface (50). The cooling device comprises at least one closed main cooling circuit (410). The main cooling circuit (410) is arranged to be cooled at least over one part of the wall (201).

Description

The invention relates to a floating body for carrying at least one component of an energy system, such as, for example, a device for connecting a floating ocean wind farm, also known as a floating offshore wind farm.

An energy system is, for example, a power plant, a substation, a converter or converter station, or an associated electrical component, a wind turbine or the like.

A cooling circuit can be used to cool such components, for example a transformer. An insulating fluid, e.g. a mineral oil or an ester liquid.

Circulation of the insulating fluid can be effected, for example, by natural convection as a result of heat transferred from the component to the insulating fluid. This heat can be removed from the cooling circuit to ambient air by passive or actively driven convection and heat radiation. Such cooling circuits are also referred to as ONAN cooling devices, short for English: oil natural air natural, or, in the case of actively driven cooling, as ONAF cooling devices, short for English: oil natural air forced.

ONAN cooling devices have a considerable mass and require a large amount of space. With ONAF cooling devices, the actively driven cooling is susceptible to corrosion and / or defects.

The sea side converter station of a high-voltage direct current transmission link, HVDC, has high heat losses to be dissipated due to the necessary valve cooling. For this reason, a converter circuit with fresh water in a closed intermediate circuit and salt water from the sea in an open main circuit is used, for example, in such a converter station.

Fouling (algae mussels and polyps) leads to contamination of the heat-transferring surfaces in the main circuit of the heat transfer between the intermediate and main circuits and thus to a deterioration in the heat transfer coefficients.

In cooling devices using seawater, a prefiltration of the cooling water is therefore mostly used, the systems required for this also require maintenance.

Out DE10324228A1 the protection of a cooling device based on sea water by means of high voltage is known. Out DE19913459C1 . FR2596144A1 and DE19810185C1 spiral heat exchangers are known. Improvements in the design of tube coolers are in DE19959467B4 described.

However, the known protection methods do not prevent the main circuit from being corroded by the sea water and the resulting need for maintenance, in particular for the coolers, filters and pumps.

Floating bodies in the form of self-floating platforms can be used to support the energetic system in order to use the wind energy at sea in greater water depths, which do not allow the foundation of the energy system required for the grid connection. The floats are anchored to the installation site on the sea floor.

The floating body usually comprises a stabilization zone for stabilizing the position of the floating body and a buoyancy zone which brings about the ability to float.

The floating body is mostly formed as a hollow structure made of steel pipes, which form a foundation volume, which is to a large extent below the water surface.

The present invention is dedicated to the task of simplifying the construction of components for connecting a deep-sea wind farm, reducing the maintenance requirements of these components, in particular their cooling system, reducing the space and mass of the cooling system and providing a simplified floating body for the above-mentioned applications.

This object is achieved by the subjects described in the independent claims.

According to the invention, a floating body with a cooling device for cooling a component of a device for connecting a floating ocean wind park is provided.

The floating body comprises a wall, a buoyancy zone of the floating body being encompassed by part of the wall and a stabilization zone of the floating body by another part of the wall. One part is intended for at least partial arrangement under a water surface. The other part is intended for complete placement under the water surface. The cooling device comprises at least a closed main cooling circuit, the closed main cooling circuit being arranged to be cooled at least over one part of the wall.

Substantial heat dissipation is possible by cooling over the part of the wall in the water which comprises the buoyancy zone of the floating body. The main cooling circuit can in particular be designed to be passive, so that there is no need for maintenance on pumps.

In a preferred embodiment, the wall is cylindrical and the buoyancy zone of the floating body is surrounded by a further cylindrical wall which is arranged coaxially with the wall and has a smaller diameter than the wall. The main cooling circuit is thus at least partially encompassed by the wall and the further wall.

In this way, particularly efficient cooling can be easily integrated.

The stabilization zone of the floating body can be enclosed by yet another cylindrical wall, which is arranged coaxially to the wall and has a smaller diameter than the wall, so that the main cooling circuit is at least partially encompassed by the wall and which also includes another wall. This further improves cooling.

In an advantageous embodiment, the second wall of the cooling device is represented by a profile welded onto the wall of the hollow structure, for example a U-profile made of steel. This can be arranged both vertically and in a ring on the wall.

In particularly preferred configurations, the stabilization zone or ballast zone of the floating body comprises one or more components for network connection. Then there is no need for a ballast body or the necessary ballast can be significantly reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, components and / or ballast bodies are arranged deeper in the floating body, the greater their mass or their density. This ensures that the center of gravity of the floating body and thus also the center of mass of the entire floating arrangement is as deep as possible in the floating body. This achieves a large restoring moment against a heeling moment that acts on the floating arrangement due to wind pressure and sea conditions. Components of a wind farm's grid connection that are required anyway are used as ballast bodies. Furthermore, the components housed in this way then do not require their own foundation structures.

The main cooling circuit can include a pump.

The main cooling circuit can be connected to an intermediate cooling circuit via a heat exchanger, wherein the intermediate cooling circuit can comprise a further pump and can be set up to cool the component. This further improves cooling.

The main cooling circuit can be passive and can be arranged to be cooled via a section of the wall arranged in the water above the component. Then the main cooling circuit is particularly low-maintenance.

The section of the wall serving as the external cooling device is preferably arranged elevated in relation to the heat-generating component. A distance from the center of the cooling device to the thermal center of the heat-generating component is preferred, which corresponds to at least half the height of the interior of the heat-generating component. The natural drive of the coolant is caused by the different density of the coolant in the heat-generating component and the cooling system.

Increasing the cold oil column in the cooling device causes an increase in the pressure difference driving the flow of coolant. A high level of self-propulsion is achieved and pumps are not required in this cooling circuit.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that at least one hollow structure element, which is arranged in the ballast zone of the floating body, is at least partially filled with coolant from the main cooling circuit, which is integrated in the main cooling circuit. This coolant reservoir represents a simplified heat store and at the same time contributes as a ballast mass to stabilize the floating body.

A further embodiment of the invention provides at least one coolant reservoir arranged in a hollow structural element, which comprises a heat reservoir, in particular a heat reservoir with a heat storage fluid for absorbing heat from the coolant. The heat accumulator mentioned here is actually a cold accumulator for the times in which the cooling system has to perform at full capacity, for example at maximum output of an offshore wind farm in full wind.

A heat store in a coolant store enables cooling of the coolant in the coolant store. The arrangement of coolant stores with heat stores in hollow structural elements of the floating body advantageously uses the volumes present in the hollow structural elements for space-saving and almost free accommodation of the heat stores.

Existing ballast bodies are preferably designed and arranged in such a way that the cooling liquid flows through them and can thus be used as a heat store. This is possible, for example, through channels for the coolant within the ballast body.

A further development of this embodiment provides at least one flow guide device for a heat storage fluid of the heat storage device, which is arranged within a heat storage device. For example, flow guiding devices with nested thin-walled cylinders are suitable for flow guiding.

A so-called protrusion of heat storage fluid in the heat storage device can advantageously be avoided by a flow guiding device.

Another embodiment of the invention provides, alternatively or in addition to heat stores with heat storage liquid, at least one coolant store arranged in a hollow structure element and comprising a latent heat store. With latent heat stores, the heat capacities and thus the cooling capacities of heat stores can be advantageously increased.

Phase change materials are preferably used for heat / cold storage. Preferably, the enthalpy-temperature profile of paraffins and paraffin mixtures can easily be matched to the temperature range of an offshore cooling system.

The area of the cooling system provided as a coolant store and / or heat store is preferably arranged in the ballast or stabilization zone of the floating body. As a result, the mass of the heat accumulator and the cooling liquid located there can be used as ballast for stabilizing the floating body.

The main cooling circuit is preferably hermetically sealed from the surroundings of the transformer platform. This prevents the penetration of corrosive water and aggressive sea air from the area around the substation into the main circuit. This advantageously reduces the corrosion load on the components of the cooling circuit, in particular the pumps, thereby also reducing the maintenance effort for these components and increasing their operational reliability.

The spaces are preferably arranged below the water surface of the floating body and in contact with the wall of the floating body to compensate for the thermally induced volume fluctuations of the coolant of the main cooling circuit.

In a preferred embodiment, the ballast liquid of the ballast or stabilization zone of the floating body is included as a heat store in the main cooling circuit. For this purpose, the ballast space in the stabilization zone of the float is connected to the main cooling circuit. The cooling liquid passes through this ballast space after cooling in the cooling device formed by the wall of the floating body. Since the heat storage thus created can have a large volume in relation to the cooling device, cooling power peaks of the components for the network connection of an offshore wind farm can be compensated in this way.

The floating body is preferably designed in such a way that the section of the floating body provided as a cooling device in the region of the buoyancy zone occupies only a small part of a horizontal surface cross section of the hollow structure of the floating body and thus the essential part of the horizontal surface cross section, preferably more than 90%, as one preferably a gas-filled buoyancy body is available.

In the case of a cylindrical floating body with an inner second wall, this means that the difference between the walls enclosing the cooling liquid is very small in relation to the diameter of the wall.

This difference in diameter is preferably less than 5% of the diameter of the outer wall. This ensures that the center of gravity of the floating body is at a greater distance from the surface of the lake and thus the swimming stability is further increased.

A further embodiment provides at least one compensation space containing a gas for accommodating the thermally induced fluctuations in volume of the coolant, so the fluctuations in volume of the coolant are absorbed by compression of the gas. This compensation space is also advantageously arranged in a hollow structure of the float below the water surface.

Another preferred embodiment relates to those representing a ballast body Components for network connection which, due to their geometric design due to the function, do not completely fill the volume of the ballast space assigned to them. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the volume difference between the ballast space and the electrical components is filled up by a ballast liquid. The space intended for ballast is thus optimally used.

In a preferred embodiment, the coolant of the main cooling circuit can be used for filling and thus take on both a function as a ballast for stabilizing the floating body and as an additional heat store.

The hollow structural elements of the floating body are particularly advantageously suitable as cooling elements and / or coolant stores, since they are arranged below the water level of the water surrounding the transformer platform and have large outer surfaces for cooling the coolant in the cooling circuit of the cooling system.
In a preferred embodiment, the coolant itself can also represent this ballast liquid.

The floating body can comprise flow guiding devices, which can be designed to direct water flows to the one part of the wall, and / or stiffening elements, which can be designed to guide a cooling liquid of the main cooling circuit. This further improves cooling.

The main cooling circuit can at least comprise a vertical cylinder cooler, a horizontal cylinder cooler, a tube bundle cooler, a cylinder tube cooler, a one-sided gap cooler and / or a spiral tube cooler. This further improves cooling.

• 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
• 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
• 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
• 4 ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

The above-described properties, features and advantages of this invention and the manner in which they are achieved can be more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail in connection with the drawings. Show it:

• 1 a first embodiment of the invention,
• 2 a second embodiment of the invention,
• 3 a third embodiment of the invention, and
• 4 a fourth embodiment of the invention.

Embodiments of the present invention are concerned with the floating body of “floating offshore” constructions which have a large closed buoyancy zone filled with a gas (mostly air), the volume of which is determined by the load to be carried. Most of the floats in the lower area - the stabilization zone of the float - are filled with ballast in order to achieve a stable position of the "floating offshore" constructions.

According to one exemplary embodiment of the invention, a component of a network connection of an offshore wind farm, for example a substation or a transformer, is arranged as ballast in the stabilization zone of the floating body and the wall of the floating body is used as a cooling surface.

In the exemplary embodiment, the direct exchange of sea water driven by pumps can be dispensed with. For this purpose, the heat loss from the components of the offshore plant is transferred to a main cooling circuit via heat exchangers. This is filled with a medium that is not or not very critical to corrosion. In the exemplary embodiment, fresh water is used as the cooling medium.

In a further development of the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the cooling device is designed as a two-circuit cooling system with a main cooling circuit and an intermediate cooling circuit. The main cooler, the main cooling circuit, is formed by pipe segments which are present in the offshore structure or are additionally arranged on the structure.

The floating bodies of floating offshore power generation plants, also known as foundation structures, are mostly made of steel pipes.

Depending on the operating conditions, a variety of constructions are used. All designs have in common that they form a large foundation volume made of steel pipes, which is to a large extent below the water surface.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the given pipe sections are arranged and connected to one another in such a way that a coolant can flow in this arrangement. These connected pipe sections are now integrated in the main cooling circuit. The rather extensive constructions of the float have a large volume in which the cooling medium now circulates. The total surface of the arrangement according to the invention, which now flows around inside by the cooling medium and outside by the sea water is significant and enables effective cooling of the offshore plant.

In the arrangement described there are no pumps, filters and coolers through which seawater flows and there is only very little maintenance required.

Due to the increased security, redundancy can also be reduced. The closed circuit makes coolant cleaning unnecessary. An exemplary coolant is fresh water.

In an exemplary further development, additives ensure that contamination in the main cooling circuit is kept within a tolerable framework even over several years.

For example, glysantine or corrosion inhibitors can be added to the water to reduce corrosion and to protect pipe parts above the water surface from frost.

Further development examples of the invention include a cylindrical wall which is introduced into the interior of the foundation elements of the offshore structure and which is arranged coaxially with the cylindrical wall of the floating body. This allows the coolant volume to be significantly reduced. In a further development, coolant flow channels are also formed.

The cross-section and type of coupling are selected in such a way that the flow rate of the coolant is optimal for the heat exchange.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the tubular offshore structural elements are provided with stiffeners. This increases the mechanical strength and therefore allows the wall thickness of the float to be reduced. The stiffeners can additionally be designed in such a way that they can simultaneously take on a function as cooling fins.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the pipe segments or profiles (for example U-profiles) are attached to the wall in such a way that they form spaces which are used for the transport of coolant.

In order to keep the required pump power in the main cooling circuit low, the structural elements are connected to coolant channels in an exemplary embodiment of the invention in such a way that the natural drive of the coolant, which is driven by gravity (density difference), is supported.

In a special embodiment, these coolers are integrated into segments of the floating structure used as coolant stores. The structural parts used for cooling are arranged on the wall of the segments around which seawater flows.

In this and other exemplary embodiments, the structural elements of the floating bodies which serve for cooling are designed in such a way that they form a large collecting area for the natural water flow. Additionally or alternatively, additional water flow is led to the cooling elements and / or structural parts of the foundation serving as coolers by means of suitable flow guiding devices.

In a special exemplary embodiment, additional heat-emitting surfaces are attached to the outer skin of the structural elements of the floating bodies, which are also referred to as pipe segments, and are placed in areas with favorable coolant flow conditions. Depending on the flow conditions, these surfaces are either horizontally, vertically or angled. The shape and arrangement of these surfaces is selected so that on the one hand there is maximum coverage with the cooling medium water and at the same time a disturbance in the coverage of other parts emitting heat is avoided.

The stiffeners and / or additional cooling surfaces can be designed as a flow guiding device.

The principle of a floating body, the wall of which comprises a buoyancy zone and a stabilization zone of the floating body, and which comprises a cooling device with at least one closed main cooling circuit, the main cooling circuit being arranged to be cooled at least over one part of the wall, can be used as a single circuit system or as Implement a two-circuit system with a main and intermediate cooling circuit. The two-circuit system has the advantage that when it is used to cool transformers, the need for insulating liquid in the intermediate cooling circuit can be kept low.

1 schematically shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device for network connection designed as a “floating substation” or transformer platform 500 with a cooling device 400 for cooling a component 510 the device for network connection 500 , The component 510 is for example a transformer.

The substation platform 500 is in the water 52 in the open sea off a coast. The platform foundation of the transformer platform 500 comprises at least one float 200 , The floating body 200 comprises several vertically extending hollow structure elements that form pillars, which are designed as steel tubes and foundation legs of the transformer platform 500 form. Hollow structure elements protrude from the water 52 out and in the example carry a platform head of the transformer platform 500 , The components are located on the platform head 510 of the substation, which can also be called a converter station. The hollow structure elements are in the example below the platform head, in the water 52 running, connecting hollow structure elements connected to each other. The connecting hollow structure element runs obliquely to the hollow structure elements. The cooler 400 in the first exemplary embodiment comprises a two-circuit system with a closed intermediate cooling circuit 420 and a closed main cooling circuit 410 that have a heat exchanger 430 are thermally coupled.

The intermediate cooling circuit 420 is thermally directly on the component 510 coupled. It includes first pipes and a first pump 415 ,

The main cooling circuit 410 includes second piping and a second pump 425 , The main cooling circuit is thermally coupled directly to the wall of the hollow structure elements, so that it can be cooled at least via a part of the wall arranged in the seawater.

By means of the second pump 425 becomes a coolant through the main cooling circuit in the first embodiment 410 pumped.

The coolant is in the main cooling circuit 410 of the first embodiment, preferably fresh water is used. For corrosion reduction, pollution reduction and frost protection from above the water level 50 of the substation platform 500 surrounding water 52 running sections of the main cooling circuit 410 additives such as glysantine and / or corrosion inhibitors can also be added to the fresh water.

The hollow structural elements which form the pillars and the connecting hollow structural elements thus carry coolant and are in the main cooling circuit 410 integrated. Since they are large below the water level 50 of the substation platform 500 surrounding water 52 having lying outer surfaces, coolant can advantageously be efficiently cooled in the hollow structure elements forming the supporting legs and the connecting hollow structure elements.

The walls surrounding the coolant are designed with only a small distance between them in order to achieve an optimal relationship between the heat-emitting surface and the volume of the coolant and secondly the space required for the cooling system within the buoyancy zone 210 to keep the float low. This ensures that the largest possible volume for the buoyancy body in the buoyancy zone 250 is provided.

There are also additional cooling fins 440 provided to increase the heat-emitting surface, which here by a corresponding design of the stiffeners required anyway for the mechanical strength 440 be formed. Furthermore, there is a ballast body in the ballast zone of the floating body 225 as well as a coolant reservoir 450 and a heat accumulator 460 arranged. At the same time, these form a ballast mass to stabilize the float.

The coolant is by means of the second pump 425 through the main cooling circuit 410 pumped so that it is like the arrows in 1 indicated flows: from the heat exchanger 430 the coolant flows via a second pipeline into the area surrounding the inner tube in the first of the pillars forming hollow structure elements. From there, the coolant flows down along the inner tube and into the first connecting hollow structure element. Via the first connecting hollow structure element, it flows into the second hollow structure element forming the supporting legs and from there into the second connecting hollow structure element. From the second connecting hollow structure element, the coolant then flows through the opening into the inner tube and from there finally via a second tube projecting into the inner tube back to the heat exchanger.

First stiffening elements are arranged on the outer sides of the hollow structure elements forming the supporting legs, which are designed as cooling fins for cooling coolant that enlarge the outer surfaces of these hollow structure elements.

In the second embodiment, which in 2 is shown, extend on the cylindrical wall of a floating body 200 arranged cooling elements both over the buoyancy zone of the float 200 as well as the stabilization zone of the float 200 ,

The ballast required to stabilize the floating structure is in the exemplary embodiment by the component 510 , for example a transformer, and the ballast body 225 educated. These are arranged in the stabilization or ballast zone of the float. Here are the components 510 and / or ballast body 225 the deeper in the float, the greater their mass or density. This ensures that the center of gravity of the floating body and thus also the center of mass of the entire floating arrangement is as deep as possible in the floating body. This achieves a large restoring moment against a heeling moment that acts on the floating arrangement due to wind pressure and sea conditions.

In the third embodiment, which in 3 is shown, the ballast by the component 510 and the ballast body 225 as well as the ballast fluid 229 in the stabilization zone 220 of the float 200 educated. In the embodiment of the 3 becomes this ballast fluid 229 as a heat store in the main cooling circuit 410 included. In addition, the ballast space is in the stabilization zone 220 of the float 200 with the main cooling circuit 410 connected. The cooling liquid passes through this ballast space after cooling. Since the heat storage thus created can have a large volume in relation to the cooling device, cooling power peaks of the component, which is designed as a transformer, can be achieved in this way 510 compensate. In addition, another heat store 460 , for example a latent heat storage device can be arranged in the ballast room. In the exemplary embodiment, a ballast body 225 designed in such a way that it can fulfill the function of a heat store.

4 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention. On the inner wall of a buoyancy zone 210 of the float 200 cooling elements are attached, which are connected directly via a riser with the component designed as a transformer 510 are connected. In the exemplary embodiment, the cooling fluid is driven in the main cooling circuit 410 which is the only cooling circuit of the cooler 400 is, directly, without pumps. The one as an external cooling device 400 serving section of the wall 201 is opposite to the heat generating component 510 arranged higher.

Increasing the cold oil column in the cooling device causes an increase in the pressure difference driving the flow of coolant. A high level of self-propulsion is achieved and pumps are not required in this cooling circuit.

There is also a heat accumulator 460 intended. In this exemplary embodiment, this is by a ballast body 225 formed, which is provided with channels for the coolant. In the exemplary embodiment, integration into the cooling circuit takes place by means of pipes, not shown.

The on the inner wall of the buoyancy zone of the float 200 Coolers are attached via a line to the buoyancy zone of the float, which is also on the wall 200 arranged expansion vessel 419 connected, which absorbs the thermally induced fluctuations in volume of the cooling liquid. The expansion tank is located below the water surface.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

50

water surface

51

Seabed

52

seawater

200

float

201

wall

210

upwelling

211

Part of the wall

220

Stabilization or ballast zone

221

Part of the wall

225

ballast body

229

ballast liquid

250

buoyancy

300

Offshore wind farm

400

cooler

410

Main cooling circuit

411

further wall

415

Main cooling circuit pump

419

expansion tank

420

Intermediate cooling circuit

421

still further wall

425

Intercooling circuit pump

430

heat exchangers

440

Stiffening / cooling fin

450

Coolant storage

460

heat storage

500

Substation platform, device for network connection

510, 520

component

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 10324228 A1 [0009]
• DE 19913459 C1 [0009]
• FR 2596144 A1 [0009]
• DE 19810185 C1 [0009]
• DE 19959467 B4 [0009]

Claims (15)

Floating body (200) for carrying at least one component of an energy system, which is equipped with a cooling device (400), wherein - The floating body (200) comprises a wall (201), wherein - A part of the wall comprises a buoyancy zone (210) of the float (200) and another part of the wall (201) comprises a stabilization zone (220) of the float (200), wherein - The part for at least partial arrangement under a water surface (50) and the other part for complete arrangement under the water surface (50) is provided, wherein - The cooling device (400) comprises at least one closed main cooling circuit (410), wherein - The main cooling circuit (410) is arranged to be cooled at least over part of the wall (201). Float (200) after Claim 1 , wherein - the wall (201) is cylindrical and - the buoyancy zone (210) of the floating body (200) is surrounded by a further cylindrical wall (211) which is arranged coaxially to the wall (201) and has a smaller diameter than the wall (201) , so that - the main cooling circuit (410) is at least partially encompassed by the wall (201) and the further wall (211). Float (200) after Claim 2 , wherein - the stabilization zone (220) of the float (200) is enclosed by yet another cylindrical wall (221), which is arranged coaxially with the wall (201) and has a smaller diameter than the wall (201), so that - the main cooling circuit (410) at least partially by the wall (201) and which also includes another wall (221). Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - The stabilization zone (220) of the floating body (200) comprises at least one component (510). Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, components (510) and / or ballast bodies (225) being arranged deeper in the floating body (200), the greater their mass or their density. Float (200) after Claim 4 , wherein the main cooling circuit (410) is passive and prepared to be cooled via a section of the wall (201) arranged in the water above the component (510), the section of the wall serving as the external cooling device (400) opposite the heat-generating section Component (510) is arranged higher and from its center to the thermal center of the heat-generating component has a distance (A1) which corresponds to at least half the height of the interior of the heat-generating component (510). Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the main cooling circuit (410) comprises a pump (415). Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the main cooling circuit (410) is connected via a heat exchanger (430) to a further closed intermediate cooling circuit (420) for cooling it, and wherein the intermediate cooling circuit (420) comprises a further pump (425) and is prepared for cooling the component (510). Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the section of the floating body (200) provided as a cooling device (400) in the region of the buoyancy zone (210) only occupies a small part of a horizontal cross-sectional area of the hollow structure of the floating body, and thus the essential part of the horizontal surface cross section, preferably more than 90%, than a buoyancy body, preferably filled with a gas, is available. Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a coolant store and / or heat store is integrated in the main cooling circuit and that this coolant store (450) and / or heat store (460) below the water surface (50), as well as in the ballast or Stabilization zone (220) provided area of the float is arranged. Cooling circuit after Claim 10 , characterized in that means are provided by means of which at least one heat accumulator (460) arranged in a hollow structural element of the floating body can be integrated into or separated from the main cooling circuit (410). Floating body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a component (510) constituting a ballast body for connecting to the network, or components of the cooling circuit, because of their geometric design due to the function, do not completely fill the volume of the ballast space assigned to them, and the volume difference between the ballast space and the electrical component is filled up with a ballast liquid. Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spaces (419) are arranged below the water surface of the floating body (200) and in contact with the wall (201) of the floating body in order to compensate for the thermally induced volume fluctuations of the coolant of the main cooling circuit , Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the floating body (200) flow guiding devices, which are designed to direct water flows to the one part of the wall, and / or stiffening elements, which are designed to guide a cooling liquid of the main cooling circuit (410) , includes. Floating body (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the main cooling circuit (410) at least - a vertical cylinder cooler, - a horizontal cylinder cooler, - a tube bundle cooler, - a cylinder tube cooler, - A one-sided slit cooler, and / or - Includes a spiral tube cooler.

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