DE102018208605A1 - Component and method for producing a component connection - Google Patents

Abstract

Component, in particular fiber composite component, comprising an opening, wherein in the opening a force introduction element is arranged, which comprises a first sleeve, and wherein the first socket has a shank portion which protrudes at least on one side of the component, so that a force introduction region for the biasing force of a fastening means is formed.

Description

The present invention relates to a component, in particular a fiber composite component, a method for producing a component connection and a use of a sheet metal forming part.

It is well known, for example, to connect two components by means of a screw connection. However, the design of this compound, depending on the material of the components to be connected, but be problematic. For example, in order to connect composite components, such as CFRP components (carbon fiber reinforced components), in an assembly and to transfer the forces between them, so-called inserts are used, since for various reasons a simple screwing of components made of fiber composite materials is not reliable or meaningful. On the one hand, a direct screwing would lead to an unfavorable force and possibly local fiber damage and thus favor, for example, delamination. On the other hand, a direct connection between metals and z. As CFRP extremely corrosive, which is why a direct contact is basically to be avoided. In addition, fiber composite components in a direct screw connection tend to have a significant setting behavior in the area of the screw connection, whereby the operational stability of the component or the screw connection is not guaranteed. For example, to realize screw, the already mentioned inserts are used. Inserts generally refer to embedded metallic force introduction elements, such as the EP 2 857 699 A1 known. However, such inserts require complex manufacturing processes, which is reflected in high costs. In addition, the assembly on the component is time-consuming. From the DE 10 2011 119 251 A1 a device for introducing force into a component made of fiber composite material by means of a screw connection is known which operates with a two-part socket. Again, this is a complex component. Thus, for example, the component facing collar sides of the sockets are formed with a sliding surface. In addition, pressure forces are to be introduced into the component via the collar of the bushings, which appears problematic especially in fiber composites.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a component, in particular a fiber composite component, a method for producing a component connection and a use of a sheet metal forming part, which eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages and allow a cost-effective and easy to assemble connection of components, in particular fiber composite components.

This object is achieved by a component according to claim 1, by a method according to claim 14 and by a use according to claim 15. Further advantages and features will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description and the accompanying figures.

According to the invention, a component, in particular a fiber composite component, comprises an opening, wherein a force introduction element is arranged in the opening, which comprises a first bush, and wherein the first bush has a shank portion which protrudes at least on one side of the component, so that a force introduction area for the or ., A biasing force of a fastening means is formed. Advantageously, this makes it possible to ensure a prestressing force of a fastening means, for example a screw prestressing force, via the load path provided by the first bush, preferably via a metallic load path. The load path is expediently provided directly or directly by the force introduction element, for example by the first bushing. Advantageously, setting behavior or creep in the component can be avoided. Operating loads are taken up in particular via the geometric configuration of the fastening means or the later mentioned flange sections and the form fit in the component. The size or length of the force introduction region depends on the size and dimension of the force introduction element or of the first bushing as such or also on the operating loads to be transmitted. According to various embodiments, the force introduction region or the projection can be a length in a range of a few tenths of a millimeter, so that a clamping of the composite material is excluded. As already mentioned, the component is in particular a composite component, in particular a fiber composite component, although the invention is not limited to such materials, ie (fiber) composite materials or components. However, the force introduction element unfolds here especially its advantages.

According to one embodiment, the force introduction element comprises a second socket, wherein the second socket is arranged inside or outside the first socket. Advantageously, the two jacks are inserted into each other, in particular their shaft sections. The wall thicknesses of the sockets do not have to be the same, but may be different. Only the first bush advantageously takes over the main load path for the pretensioning forces of the fastening means, in particular the screw pretensioning forces. The other bush serves in particular to increase, for example, a support for a fastener and / or to increase the local connection stiffness.

According to one embodiment, the first and the second bush flanged bushes, wherein flange portions of the two bushes are arranged opposite to the component. According to one embodiment, only one of the bushings is designed as a collar bushing. Advantageously, operating loads can be introduced into the force introduction element via the flange sections. The flange portions also have the advantage that they close the opening (in the component), so to speak, which benefits the corrosion behavior, since open reinforcing fibers (in the opening) are virtually closed under the flange or collar of the respective socket. According to one embodiment, the first bushing, wherein the first bushing is the inner bushing, projects beyond the flange portion of the outer bushing, whereby a force introduction region is formed.

According to one embodiment, the first bushing and / or the second bush are produced by means of a forming process, in particular by means of cold rolling.

According to a preferred embodiment, the bushings are sheet-metal formed parts. The force introduction element thus advantageously has, according to a preferred embodiment, at least one first bushing or a first "sleeve", which is produced by a simple forming process, such as cold rolling. This represents a very simple and cost-effective production process. If necessary, even simple standard parts can be used. The wall thicknesses of such sockets are adapted to specific components and are in various embodiments, for example in a range of 0.5 to 3 mm, with deviations up and down are possible.

According to one embodiment, the first and / or the second sleeve are slotted. The slot extends along a longitudinal axis of the socket, advantageously completely along the longitudinal axis of the socket. Advantageously, this makes it possible to vary a diameter of the bushing. As a result, it is advantageously possible, for example, to produce the first bush with a certain degree of oversize with respect to the opening and then to compress it slightly when inserting it into the first opening.

According to one embodiment, a diameter of the first bushing is dimensioned such that the first bushing is compressed when arranged in the opening. As a result, a bias is indicated in the first socket, which is directed radially outward and provides an ideal positive engagement in the opening. In other words, a spreading function is realized, which makes the first socket ideally fit against or in the opening. Advantageously, no too tight tolerances must be selected in the manufacture of the jacks by this variability, which benefits the production costs.

With two bushings, it is also possible by the slotted embodiment (in both bushes) to widen the outer bushing, for example the second bushing, by or while locating the inner bushing, thereby providing a clean fit between the first and second bushings Socket is given, and between the second socket, if this is the outer, and the opening. Tolerances can be compensated quickly and effectively in the sequence.

According to one embodiment, the second bushing is disposed within the first bushing, wherein a diameter of the second bushing is dimensioned such that the first bushing is spread or widened in arranging the second bushing. Generally speaking, the diameters of the bushings are advantageously designed or matched to one another such that the smaller or inner bush spreads the outer or larger bushing with advantage, resulting in a very easy assembly for the outer bush, but this after arranging the inner socket ideally abuts the bore or opening and generates a positive connection there. Alternatively, however, the diameters may also be designed such that the outer sleeve is compressed when arranged in the opening, wherein a bias voltage is generated on the inner sleeve, etc.

Conveniently, the diameters of the two sockets are so matched to one another that the outer sleeve is spread and / or expanded when arranging the inner socket, wherein the outer socket according to one embodiment may be the first socket or the second socket. Alternatively, it is also possible that the inner sleeve is compressed when placing the outer sleeve in the opening or generates a bias voltage to this. At this point it should be mentioned that more than two bushes can be used, if this is desired, for example, for reasons of strength or rigidity.

According to one embodiment, a cross-section of the bush or the bushings is not rotationally symmetrical. Advantageously, therefore, the opening is not round, for example, but oval or angular. By this positive locking is effective against rotation, for example, by the tightening torque of a fastener guaranteed. Conveniently, a cross section of the force introduction element or the socket or the sockets so not circular, but oval or Also designed as a hexagon or as any polygon.

According to one embodiment, a cross section of the bush or the bushes is rotationally symmetrical, preferably round, in particular circular.

According to one embodiment, the first socket and / or the second socket has a coating. The already indicated problem of corrosion in metallic compounds and carbon fiber can be solved by the coating, for example by means of plastic, by galvanic isolation.

According to one embodiment, the coating is provided in a contact region of the two bushes, over the entire surface or at least partially. Advantageously, the coating acts here as a seal. In order to prevent, for example, that in the production of the component matrix resin penetrates between the two bushes or generally into the force introduction element and thus damages the function of the force introduction element, a seal is necessary. Reworking on the force introduction element will be prevented by the fact that the coating can act as a seal.

According to one embodiment, the coating is formed toward the component, over its entire surface or at least partially. Thus, the aforementioned corrosion problem can be avoided. Alternatively, instead of a coating, an intermediate element may also be provided, for example a textile layer. According to preferred embodiments, materials for the force introduction element or the bushes steel, aluminum V2A, titanium and / or V4A. The latter materials are to be preferred in particular from a corrosion point of view. Even highly filled plastics, such as Vyncolith, or ceramic (s) are conceivable.

According to one embodiment, the force introduction element is fastened cohesively in the opening, wherein the material connection is produced during the production of the component or subsequently. Advantageously, the force introduction element, for example, already in the semifinished product of the component, for example, the fiber composite component can be integrated. In the further process, this can then be further processed by conventional methods, for example RTM (Resin Transfer Molding), with matrix resin to form a fiber composite component. The aforementioned coating in the contact area of two bushings can prevent matrix resin from penetrating between the two bushings and thus damaging the function of the force introduction element. In the case of tool-falling production, the positioning of the force introduction element or elements can already be carried out in the tool in such a way that no further follow-up processes are necessary. Alternatively, the force introduction element can also be subsequently glued in the respective opening.

• - Bereitstellen eines Bauteils mit einer Öffnung;
• - Bereitstellen eines Befestigungsmittels;
• - Anordnen eines Krafteinleitungselements in der Öffnung, welches eine erste Buchse umfasst, wobei eine Länge eines Schaftabschnitts der ersten Buchse auf einer Seite des Bauteils übersteht, wodurch ein Überstand gebildet ist;
• - Dimensionieren des Überstands und/oder einer Vorspannkraft des Befestigungsmittels derart, dass beim Befestigen des Befestigungsmittels ein Hauptlastpfad der Vorspannkraft des Befestigungsmittels über die erste Buchse verläuft;
• - Anordnen des Befestigungsmittels in der Öffnung und Aufbringen der Vorspannkraft.

The invention is also directed to a method for producing a component connection, comprising the steps:

• - Providing a component with an opening;
• - Providing a fastener;
• Arranging a force introduction element in the opening, which comprises a first bushing, wherein a length of a shaft portion of the first bushing protrudes on one side of the component, whereby a projection is formed;
• - Dimensioning of the supernatant and / or a biasing force of the fastening means such that when attaching the fastening means is a main load path of the biasing force of the fastening means via the first bushing;
• - Arranging the fastener in the opening and applying the biasing force.

When arranging the fastening means in the opening, a further component or a further component is expediently arranged with or fastened via the force introduction element.

Incidentally, the advantages and features mentioned in connection with the component apply analogously and correspondingly and vice versa.

Further, the invention relates to the use of a sheet metal forming part as a force introduction element in a component of (fiber) composite material. The advantages and features mentioned in connection with the component or with the method apply analogously and correspondingly as well as vice versa and with one another. The use of Blechumformteilen is particularly advantageous from a cost point of view, since in this way very simple sockets or sleeves can be produced. Possibly. also standard parts can be used or generated, which can be used for a variety of components. The use of sheet metal forgings is well compatible with the manufacturing processes of typical fiber composite components, such as RTM. An axial centering of the force introduction element is advantageously carried out by positive locking. Conveniently, a coating can act as a seal and / or build-up layer for bonding adhesive or matrix resin or act as corrosion protection, the coating both on the shaft portion and on the flange, axially above the collar, can be provided, whereby the force introduction element ideal opening seals.

Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of various embodiments of components with reference to the accompanying figures. Various features can be combined with each other within the scope of the invention.

• 1: eine Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Bauteils mit einem Krafteinleitungselement, welches eine erste Buchse aufweist;
• 2: eine Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Bauteils mit einem Krafteinleitungselement, welches zwei Buchsen umfasst;
• 3: eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Bauteils mit einem Krafteinleitungselement, welches zwei Buchsen umfasst;
• 4: ein Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform einer ersten Buchse, angeordnet in einer Öffnung.

Show it:

• 1 a sectional view of an embodiment of a component with a force introduction element, which has a first socket;
• 2 a sectional view of an embodiment of a component with a force introduction element, which comprises two sockets;
• 3 a further embodiment of a component with a force introduction element, which comprises two sockets;
• 4 : A top view of an embodiment of a first socket, arranged in an opening.

1 shows a component 10 , in particular a fiber composite component 10 in a schematic sectional view. A force introduction element 20 has a first socket 21 on which a shaft section 23 and a flange portion 22 having. It can be seen that the shaft section 23 a length L14 an opening 14 surmounted, whereby a projection or a free shaft portion or a force application area 28 is formed. The first socket 21 is, so to speak, with its flange section 22 on a first page 11 of the component 10 at, wherein the shaft portion 23 a second page 12 of the component 10 surmounted. With the reference number 40 is schematically indicated a fastener (dashed), wherein a screw head 41 on the flange section 22 is present and a mother 42 frontally on the shaft section 23 , Through the force application area 28 is a distance of the mother 42 to the second side of the component 10 set, which is shown exaggerated for reasons of clarity. The force application area 28 is expediently at least so large that a Hauptlastpfad the biasing forces, in particular the Schraubenvorspannkräfte (when using a screw as a fastener) on the first socket 21 and not over the component 10 , As a result, so no clamping forces on the component 10 act, which could lead to a harmful setting behavior. Operating loads are to be transmitted exclusively or mainly via the positive locking.

2 shows a further embodiment of a component 10 with a force introduction element 20 which is a first socket 21 and a second socket 24 includes. The basic configuration is already out of the 1 known. A supernatant 28 is here through the first socket 21 opposite a flange portion 25 the second socket 24 realized. reference numeral 27 denotes a contact area between the first jack 21 and the second socket 24 which z. B. is provided with a coating. The second socket 24 comprising a shaft region 26 and the flange portion 25 , is shown in this schematic view much thinner. The wall thicknesses of the sockets 21 . 24 are to be selected application-specific and can be the same or different.

3 shows a further embodiment of a component 10 with a force introduction element 20 , wherein also this force introduction element 20 a first socket 21 and a second socket 24 includes. A force application area 28 is here below a flange section 25 the second socket 24 educated. Incidentally, however, the features are known from the previous figures.

4 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a first socket 21 a force introduction element 20 in a schematic representation, wherein the first socket 21 in an opening 14 a not further outlined component is arranged. In this case, in particular, a flange area 22 the first socket 21 to recognize. The first socket 21 is slotted along its length or has a slot, cf. reference numeral 30 , This can be when placing in the opening 14 a bias in the first socket 21 be indexed. A diameter of the first socket 21 For example, is designed or dimensioned such that the first socket 21 when placing in the opening 14 is compressed, whereby a bias is built up, as by the force direction arrows F outlined. As a result, an ideal form-fitting system / arrangement in the opening 14 reached.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

(Composite) component

11

first page

12

second page

14

opening

L14

Length of the opening

20

Force application element

21

first socket

22

Flange section (first socket)

23

shank portion

24

second socket

25

Flange section (second socket)

26

shank portion

27

contact area

28

Overhang, free shaft section, force application area

30

slot

40

fastener

41

screw head

42

mother

F

Force direction arrow

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2857699 A1 [0002]
• DE 102011119251 A1 [0002]

Claims (15)

Component (10), in particular fiber composite component, comprising an opening (14), wherein in the opening (14) a force introduction element (20) is arranged, which comprises a first bushing (21), and wherein the first bush (21) has a shank portion (23) which protrudes at least on one side (11, 12) of the component (10), so that a force introduction region (28) for the biasing force of a fastening means (40) is formed. Component (10) after Claim 1 wherein the force introduction element (20) comprises a second bushing (24), wherein the second bushing (24) is disposed inside or outside the first bushing (21). Component (10) after Claim 2 wherein the first bushing (21) and the second bushing (24) are flanged bushes, and wherein flange portions (22, 25) of the two bushes (21, 24) are disposed opposite to the component (10). Component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first bushing (21) and / or the second bushing (24) are produced by means of a forming process, in particular by means of cold rolling. Component (10) after Claim 4 , wherein the bushing (s) (21, 24) Blechumformteil / e are. Component (10) according to one of Claims 2 - 5 wherein the first sleeve (21) and / or the second sleeve (24) is slotted. A component (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a diameter of the first sleeve (21) is dimensioned such that the first sleeve (21) is compressed when placed in the aperture (14). Component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second sleeve (24) is disposed within the first sleeve (21), and wherein a diameter of the second bushing (24) is dimensioned such that the first bushing (21) is spread or widened in arranging the second bushing (24). Component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a cross section of the bushing (s) (21, 24) is not rotationally symmetrical. Component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first bushing (21) and / or the second bushing (24) have a coating. Component (10) after Claim 10 , wherein the coating in a contact region (27) of the two bushes (21, 24) is provided. Component (10) according to one of Claims 10 - 11 , wherein the coating is formed toward the component. Component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the force introduction element (20) in the opening (14) is firmly bonded, and wherein the material connection in the context of the production of the component (10) or is subsequently produced. Method for producing a component connection, comprising the steps: - Providing a component (10) having an opening (14); - Providing a fastening means (40); Arranging a force introduction element (20) in the opening (14), which comprises a first bush (21), wherein a length of a shaft portion (23) of the first bush (21) on one side (11, 12) of the component (10) protrudes, whereby a supernatant (28) is formed, - dimensioning the protrusion (28) and / or a biasing force of the fastener (40) such that when attaching the fastener (40) a Hauptlastpfad the biasing force of the fastener (40) via the first sleeve (21); - placing the fastening means (40) in the opening (14) and applying the biasing force. Using a Blechumformteils as a force introduction element in a component (10) made of composite material.

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