DE102018205534A1 - Supply air preheater and method for heating supply air - Google Patents

Abstract

There are a Zuluftvorwärmer 1 for a supply air line 2 of an internal combustion engine 3 with one or more heating elements 4, an arrangement 5 comprising an internal combustion engine 3 and a supply air line 2 for supplying the internal combustion engine 3 with supply air, a motor vehicle with such an arrangement 5 and a method for heating supplied by supply air in a supply air line 2 of an internal combustion engine 3. According to the invention, it is provided that the heating elements 4 can be inserted repeatedly into the supply air line 2 and out of the supply air line 2.

Description

The present invention relates to a Zuluftvorwärmer for a supply air line of an internal combustion engine with one or more heating elements, an arrangement comprising an internal combustion engine and a supply air line for supplying the internal combustion engine with supply air, a motor vehicle with such an arrangement and a method for heating supply air in a supply air line of an internal combustion engine ,

Supply air heaters (also referred to as intake air preheaters) are used in the supply air line of internal combustion engines in order to achieve rapid heating of the internal combustion engine after a cold start by heating the supply air supplied to the internal combustion engine. Known supply air preheaters ( US 2006/0150958 A1 ) have heating elements which protrude into the supply air line or are arranged in the supply air line and heat the incoming air flowing past. In order to maximize the contact area between the heating element and supply air, so that the heating of the supply air can be done as effectively as possible, the heating elements may have a curved or tortuous shape, which is flowed around by the supply air.

Known Zuluftvorwärmer allow a good warming of the supply air in a warm-up phase of the engine. However, if the internal combustion engine has reached its operating temperature, heating of the supply air is no longer necessary and the heating elements of the Zuluftvorwärmers are no longer needed. However, the heating elements still protrude into the supply air line. The sustained influence on the flow of supply air increases the intake vacuum in the supply air line. To compensate for this, the fuel consumption increases and the pollutant emission increases accordingly.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a way in which the disadvantages mentioned can be reduced or eliminated.

This object is achieved by the subject matters of the independent claims. The dependent claims contain embodiments of these inventive solutions.

The invention is based on the idea to provide for heating the supply air heating elements, which are arranged only when heating in the supply air. If, however, no heating demand exists, for. B. because the engine has reached its operating temperature, the heating elements can be removed from the supply air, so that the flow of supply air in the supply air is not hindered by the heating elements. In other words, the supply air line is not closed at any time, and thus also when there is no need for heating, as in the case of previous stationary heating elements, which always remain in the supply air line. If there is no need for heating, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the intake negative pressure due to a flow influencing by heating elements arranged in the supply air line. This results in lower fuel consumption and emission reduction of air pollutants.

In addition, there is also the possibility in the case of a heating demand to balance between a heating of the supply air and the associated reduction of Ansaugunterdrucks. For example, the number of heating elements introduced into the supply air line and their arrangement with respect to the supply air line can be adjusted in such a way that a compromise can be found between the heat output and the reduction in the intake vacuum caused by the heating elements.

A Zuluftvorwärmer for a supply air line of an internal combustion engine, eg. B. the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, has a plurality of heating elements. According to the invention it is provided that the heating elements in the supply air line repeated, d. H. several times, insertable and executable from the supply air, preferably completely executable, are. Preferably, the heating elements are executable so that they are flush in an executed state flush with the inner wall of the supply air line. For insertion and removal of the heating elements, the wall of the supply air duct via openings, for. In the form of slots.

For example, the internal combustion engine may be designed as a stationary engine. Alternatively, the internal combustion engine may be a vehicle engine. The invention is not limited to a particular engine design.

The supply air line serves to supply supply air, also referred to as combustion air, to the internal combustion engine. It can be used as a pipeline, z. B. with a circular cross section, be formed. By supply air is meant that gas mixture which is supplied to the internal combustion engine for combustion of the fuel. The supply air includes the fresh air supplied from outside and, depending on requirements, a certain proportion of recirculated exhaust gases. In other words, the supply air line extends from an air opening for introducing fresh air to the internal combustion engine. Possibly. can be arranged in the supply air line a discharge point for recirculated exhaust gases and / or a compressor of a turbocharger.

The supply air preheater is used to heat the supply air, in which the heating elements with the supply air in Contact be brought so that the supply air in the heated state enters the internal combustion engine and thereby the combustion process is favored. In addition, by means of the Zuluftvorwärmers in conjunction with a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation condensate before the compressor of the turbocharger can be avoided by the supply air or fresh air is preheated so that the mixture of fresh air and recirculated exhaust gas raised to a temperature level at which the dew point for the im recirculated exhaust gas present water is exceeded.

The heating elements may for example be bent or meander-shaped, in order to provide a larger contact area with the incoming air flowing past. A number of heating elements, ie z. B. some or all heating elements, may have a different geometric shape. As a result, the heating elements can be adapted to the flow conditions and / or the geometric shape of the supply air line.

The heating elements can be designed to be electrically heatable and / or directly heatable. As a result, the amount of heat emitted can be regulated particularly well and only low heat losses occur.

The Zuluftvorwärmer has a heating element or more heating elements, eg. B. two, three, four, five or six heating elements. By the concrete selection of the geometric shape and number of heating elements, the supply air can be specifically heated.

The heating elements can be aligned or aligned perpendicular to the main flow direction in the supply air line or not perpendicular to the main flow direction in the supply air line or aligned. In the case of multiple heating elements, these can be differently orientable or aligned or aligned.

The orientation, z. B. inclination, the heating elements can be chosen or be that a compromise between the most effective heating of the supply air on the one hand and the lowest possible pressure loss on the other side is found.

Due to the feasibility and feasibility of the heating elements ensures that the flow in the supply air only in actual need, eg. B. at too low temperatures of the supply air, is affected and otherwise no negative effects on the flow conditions in the supply air line result. In other words, the heating elements are only in the supply air line when heating of the supply air is actually needed. Is no heating necessary, eg. B. if the engine has reached its operating temperature, the heating elements can be removed from the supply air, so that no obstacles hinder the flow in the supply air.

An increase in the intake vacuum caused by inserted heating elements (pressure difference to the ambient pressure) or a reduction in the absolute pressure immediately upstream of the compressor or the internal combustion engine, if no compressor is present, can be avoided.

An increased flow resistance in the supply air line thus arises only if a warming of the supply air by means of the heating elements is desired. Otherwise, the flow in the supply air line is not or only slightly influenced by the heating elements. Negative effects on engine performance can therefore be avoided. In addition, the fuel consumption and the associated pollutant emissions can be reduced.

According to various embodiments, the heating elements can be arranged with respect to the supply air line that a number of heating elements at the same position of the supply air, based on a longitudinal extension of the supply air, can be inserted and executed. In other words, a plurality of heating elements can be arranged or arranged at the same position in the supply air line relative to a flow path of the supply air, for example distributed over the circumference of the supply air line.

Among a number of heating elements is here and below an arbitrary number of heating elements, for. As a heating element, some heating elements or all heating elements to understand.

The heating elements can do so be arranged or arranged or arranged that the heating elements overlap at least partially. Thus, a chicane can be generated in the flow path. As a result, an improved contact between the heating elements and the supply air can be achieved.

According to several embodiments, the heating elements can be arranged so with respect to the supply air line, that a number of heating elements at different positions of the supply air, based on a longitudinal extent of the supply air, are insertable and executable. In other words, a plurality of heating elements can be arranged or arranged at different positions in the supply air line relative to a flow path of the supply air, for example distributed over the longitudinal extent of the supply air line.

For example, heating elements distributed over the longitudinal extent of the supply air at the same or different radial position, d. H. be at the same or different position relative to the circumference of the supply air duct, be arranged or arranged or arranged.

There is also the possibility of combining with at the same position of the supply air, based on a longitudinal extent of the supply air can be arranged heating elements. In other words, a first number of heating elements can be arranged or arranged at the same position of the supply air line, relative to the longitudinal extent of the supply air line, and additionally a second number of heating elements can be arranged at different positions of the supply air line, relative to the longitudinal extent of the supply air line, be arranged or arranged or arranged. For example, in each case a plurality of heating elements distributed over the circumference of the supply air line can be arranged or arranged or arranged at two different positions, based on the longitudinal extent of the supply air.

As a result, the heating of the supply air, possibly taking into account resulting effects on the intake vacuum, be influenced even more targeted.

According to further embodiments, the heating elements may be associated with several groups, wherein the heating elements of a group at the same time, d. H. are simultaneous, insertable and / or executable. Preferably, one group has a plurality of heating elements. Thereby, the control of the heating elements can be simplified because the entire group can be addressed.

According to various embodiments, heating elements, i. H. a, some or all of the heating elements, by means of a rectilinear movement and / or by means of a rotary movement in the supply air line to be inserted and executed.

In a rectilinear motion, the heating elements z. B. by a slot in the (inner) wall of the supply air line pushed into the supply air line or pulled out again.

As a result, a partial insertion or execution of the heating elements is advantageously made possible. A partially introduced or executed heating element provides a lower flow resistance than a completely in the air stream befindliches, d. H. The straight-line movement allows a continuous trade-off between demand-adjusted adaptation of both the applied heat output and the generated pressure loss.

The heat output, for example, be continuously adjusted by the heating elements are energized via located in the wall of the supply air sliding contacts. The current flows only between the two sliding contacts and the introduced into the supply air part of the / the heating element (s).

Further heating elements can be introduced or carried out by means of a rotary or pivoting movement, similar to a door, into the supply air line. For this purpose, the heating element, for example, have an axis of rotation about which it can be rotated or pivoted.

According to various embodiments, heating elements may have a different heat output.

Under the heat output is that portion of the power that is provided as heat within a unit of time for heating the supply air to understand. The heat output is greater, the more heat is released during a certain period of time. The heat output may be determined, for example, depending on the specific arrangement of the heating element with respect to the supply air line.

A design of the heating elements with different heat output allows a needs-based use of energy used and thus contributes to an efficient use of fuel or to save fuel and to reduce the emission of air pollutants.

According to further embodiments, heating elements may have a different shape.

For example, the heating elements may differ in the number and / or spacing of turns, heating tapes of different thickness can be used as heating elements, it is possible to use heating elements which protrude differently far into the air flow in the supply air line.

A different design of the heating elements allows a demand-based heating of the supply air as a function of the engine operating condition. In other words, the operation of the engine in different points of the engine map may require different amounts of heat introduced via the heating elements, with different design of the engine Heating elements can be reacted. This degree of freedom in turn allows a compromise finding between the amount of heat that can be introduced / required and the pressure loss caused by the introduced heating elements.

According to further embodiments, a number of heating elements in dependence of a temperature, for. As the temperature of the supply air, the environment or the internal combustion engine, and / or be introduced in dependence on a pressure in the supply air line and / or executable.

Based on the temperature, the required heating power, d. H. the power that has to be applied to achieve a desired supply air temperature and the number of heating elements required for it, possibly taking into account their arrangement in the supply air duct. This number of heating elements can then be introduced into the supply air line.

If, on the other hand, a minimum temperature is reached, a number of heating elements can be re-executed in order to minimize any influence on the flow and pressure conditions in the supply air line. If the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine is reached, all heating elements from the supply air line can be carried out, since heating of the supply air is no longer necessary.

A number of the heating elements can also in dependence of a pressure, for. B. the Ansaugunterdrucks in the supply air line, preferably in dependence of the temperature and the pressure, on or be executable. The determination of the pressure can by means of a device for determining pressure, z. As a pressure cell done.

The pressure can thus be used to control the heating elements by being introduced, for example, when exceeding or falling below a certain pressure in the supply air line or running out of the supply air line.

An arrangement has an internal combustion engine and a supply air line for supplying the internal combustion engine with fresh air. According to the invention, it is provided that the supply air line has one or more supply air preheaters as described above. Therefore, the above explanations for explaining the Zuluftvorwärmers invention also serve to describe the arrangement according to the invention. The advantages of the invention-βen arrangement correspond to those of the Zuluftvorwärmers invention and its corresponding embodiments.

All or some of several supply air preheaters may be configured as described above. A plurality of Zuluftvorwärmern allows compared to a design with only one Zuluftvorwärmer a more accurate influence on the heating of the supply air and improved consideration of effects on the Ansaugunterdruck.

Optionally, the Zuluftvorwärmer can be controlled independently of one another and / or different. For example, the heating elements of a Zuluftvorwärmers may be wholly or partially introduced into the supply air line or while the heating elements of another Zuluftvorwärmers are executed from the supply air line or. This also makes it possible to influence the heating of the supply air in a more targeted manner.

Further optionally, the arrangement can have a turbocharger with a compressor arranged in the supply air line and an exhaust gas turbine arranged in an exhaust line, which are connected to one another via a turbocharger shaft.

According to various embodiments, the supply air line in the region of or the Zuluftvorwärmer, d. H. in the area in which the heating elements in the supply air line and can be executed, be formed double-walled. Due to the double-walled design, better guidance of the heating elements can be achieved in the case of a straight-ahead insertion and removal movement, since the position of the heating elements is determined by two openings in the two walls of the supply air line. Preferably, the supply air line is sealed to the outside, so that an unwanted suction of outside air, which is not detected by the air mass meter and thus is not included in the balance for the control of the combustion process (false air), and thereby consequent false balance of the intake fresh air and in the Consequence uncontrolled combustion with subsequent non-compliance with the consumption and emission legislation can be avoided.

Even with an installation and execution of the heating elements by means of a rotary motion, a double-walled design of the supply air line can be advantageous. Namely, it allows complete execution of the heating elements from the area of the supply air line delimited by the inner wall and an arrangement of the heating elements in the area between the inner and outer walls, provided that the heating elements are in an executed state. The outer wall may be formed without openings, so that the risk of unwanted suction of false air can be minimized or avoided.

According to further embodiments, the arrangement may further comprise an exhaust pipe to Discharge of exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine and having an exhaust gas recirculation line, wherein the exhaust gas recirculation line is adapted to direct exhaust gas from an exhaust gas sampling point in the exhaust pipe to a arranged in the air intake Abgaseinleitstelle. The heating elements of one or more Zuluftvorwärmer can be arranged downstream and / or upstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle in the supply air line.

The arrangement downstream of the exhaust gas inlet point refers to the flow path of the supply air. Downstream means that the respective heating elements are arranged after the Abgaseinleitstelle. Upstream means that the respective heating elements are arranged in front of the exhaust gas inlet.

For example, a first Zuluftvorwärmer be provided, the heating elements are arranged all upstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle or all downstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle. Alternatively, some heating elements may be located upstream and some heating elements downstream of the exhaust gas introduction point. In addition, further Zuluftvorwärmer be provided, the heating elements are also arranged upstream and / or downstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle.

In the case of the arrangement of the heating elements upstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle the heating elements of the heating of the fresh air. As a result, the fresh air already at an elevated temperature upstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle, so that the recirculated exhaust gas meets heated fresh air and the temperature difference between fresh air and recirculated exhaust gas is reduced. As a result, the formation of condensate due to condensation of gaseous water contained in the recirculated exhaust gas can advantageously be reduced on encountering the fresh air which is cooler compared to the recirculated exhaust gas.

An arrangement of the heating elements upstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle allows an arrangement of the Abgaseinleitstelle close to a compressor of a turbocharger. This can have an advantageous effect on the space required and the optimization of the available space.

A combination of upstream and downstream turbulators combine the advantages of both arrangements.

The exhaust gas recirculation line may preferably be formed as a low pressure exhaust gas recirculation line. In this case, the effect of Zuluftvorwärmers comes particularly to fruition, since unwanted condensation and thus caused damage to the compressor of the turbocharger can be avoided.

Optionally, the arrangement may have a control unit which is designed to receive and process a temperature measurement signal and / or a pressure measurement signal and output a control signal to an adjustment device, which is designed to switch heating elements of the supply air preheater on or off depending on the measurement signal or signals perform.

A motor vehicle according to the invention has one of the previously described arrangements. Under a motor vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine vehicle, for. B. to understand a land, air or water craft.

In a method according to the invention for heating supply air in a supply air line of an internal combustion engine, one or more heating elements of one or more supply air preheaters are introduced into the supply air line according to the above description and brought into contact with the supply air. In this respect, the above explanations for explaining the Zuluftvorwärmers invention also serve to describe the method according to the invention. The advantages of the method according to the invention correspond to those of the Zuluftvorwärmers invention and its corresponding embodiments.

The method according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by means of the arrangement according to the invention explained above. The heating of the supply air according to the method according to the invention can be particularly for heating demand, for. B. at too low a temperature of the supply air and / or the internal combustion engine, take place.

According to various embodiments, a number of heating elements from the supply air line can be performed, for example, if there is no more heating demand. An impairment of the flow and pressure conditions in the supply air line through the heating elements can be reduced or avoided.

According to various embodiments, a number of heating elements in dependence of a temperature, for. As the temperature of the supply air or the temperature of the internal combustion engine, and / or introduced and / or executed in dependence on a pressure in the supply air line.

For example, some or all of the heating elements can be introduced into the supply air line as a function of the temperature. For example, if the temperature of the engine is very low, all heating elements can be introduced so that a minimum temperature of the supply air can be reached quickly. Once the minimum temperature has been reached, some of the heating elements can be re-executed to minimize any influence on the flow and pressure conditions in the supply air line while the remaining heating elements continue to heat the supply air. In this case, a compromise between the temperature on the one hand and the pressure on the other hand can be found, in which the number and / or the arrangement of the introduced heating elements is optimized.

According to various embodiments, a number of the heating elements can be introduced into the supply air line during a cold start of the internal combustion engine.

A cold start of the engine can, for. B. based on the temperature of the internal combustion engine or based on a period of time during which the internal combustion engine has been in an off state, are determined. Alternatively, the cooling water or oil temperature can be used as a control variable for the insertion of the heating elements. The introduction of the heating elements in a cold start allows rapid heating of the supply air and thus of the internal combustion engine, whereby the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions can be reduced.

According to further embodiments, a number of the heating elements can be executed when reaching a minimum temperature and / or an operating temperature of the internal combustion engine from the supply air line. Upon reaching the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine, all heating elements are preferably carried out of the supply air line, since no heating of the supply air is required any more.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Anordnung;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren beispielhaften Anordnung;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer Zuluftleitung mit einem eingeführten Heizelement;
• 4a eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Querschnitt mit mehreren, an derselben Position eingeführten Heizelementen in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 4b eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Querschnitt mit mehreren, an derselben Position eingeführten Heizelementen in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
• 4c eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Längsschnitt mit mehreren, an derselben Position eingeführten Heizelementen;
• 5a eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Querschnitt mit mehreren, an unterschiedlichen Positionen eingeführten Heizelementen in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 5b eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Längsschnitt mit mehreren, an unterschiedlichen Positionen eingeführten Heizelementen in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 6a eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Querschnitt mit mehreren, an unterschiedlichen Positionen eingeführten Heizelementen in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
• 6b eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Längsschnitt mit mehreren, an unterschiedlichen Positionen eingeführten Heizelementen in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
• 7 eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Längsschnitt mit einem mittels einer Drehbewegung in die Zuluftleitung einführbaren Heizelement; und
• 8 eine schematische Detailansicht einer Zuluftleitung im Längsschnitt mit mittels einer geradlinigen Bewegung in die Zuluftleitung einführbaren Heizelementen.

Further advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following explanation of the drawings. Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of an exemplary arrangement;
• 2 a schematic representation of another exemplary arrangement;
• 3 a schematic representation of a supply air duct with an inserted heating element;
• 4a a schematic detail view of a supply air duct in cross section with a plurality of inserted at the same position heating elements in a first embodiment;
• 4b a schematic detail view of a supply air duct in cross section with a plurality of introduced at the same position heating elements in a further embodiment;
• 4c a schematic detail view of a supply air line in longitudinal section with a plurality of inserted at the same position heating elements;
• 5a a schematic detail view of a supply air duct in cross section with a plurality of inserted at different positions heating elements in a first embodiment;
• 5b a schematic detail view of a supply air line in longitudinal section with a plurality of inserted at different positions heating elements in a first embodiment;
• 6a a schematic detail view of a supply air duct in cross section with a plurality of inserted at different positions heating elements in a further embodiment;
• 6b a schematic detail view of a supply air line in longitudinal section with a plurality of inserted at different positions heating elements in a further embodiment;
• 7 a schematic detail view of a supply air line in longitudinal section with a insertable by means of a rotary motion in the supply air heating element; and
• 8th a schematic detail view of a supply air line in longitudinal section with insertable by means of a rectilinear movement in the supply air heating elements.

While the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

An inventive arrangement 5 In the embodiment shown in FIG 1 an internal combustion engine 3 , for example, the internal combustion engine 3 of a motor vehicle. The internal combustion engine 3 can be a self-igniting or externally ignited internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine 3 has four cylinders 10 on, but can also have a different number of cylinders 10 have, for. B. two, four, five, six or eight cylinders 10 ,

To the internal combustion engine 3 closes an exhaust pipe 6 for receiving the from the internal combustion engine 3 generated exhaust stream. In the exhaust pipe 6 is a turbine in the embodiment 11 a turbocharger arranged. The turbine 11 is over a turbocharger shaft 12 with a compressor 13 connected in the supply air line 2 is arranged.

The internal combustion engine 3 is via the supply air line 2 with supply air, ie a gas mixture having fresh air and possibly recirculated exhaust gases supplied. The exhaust pipe 6 is via the exhaust gas recirculation line 7 with the supply air line 2 connected. The exhaust gas recirculation line 7 serves to conduct recirculated exhaust gases from the exhaust sampling point 8th in the exhaust pipe 6 to the exhaust inlet point 9 in the supply air line 2 , The flow direction 14 the gases, ie fresh air, supply air, exhaust gas, is in 1 represented by arrows.

In the embodiment according to 1 the exhaust gas recirculation device is designed as a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation device, ie the exhaust gas sampling point 8th is located downstream of the turbine 11 and the Abgaseinleitstelle 9 is upstream of the compressor 13 arranged. It should be noted that the invention is not limited to an arrangement 5 is limited with a turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation device, ie, in a variant, the arrangement 5 be formed without turbocharger and / or without exhaust gas recirculation device.

In the supply air line 2 is downstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle 9 a Zuluftvorwärmer 1 arranged. The supply air preheater 1 has heating elements 4 on that in the supply air line 2 insertable and from the supply air line 2 are executable. The supply air preheater 1 is in 1 only shown schematically to the position within the arrangement 5 display. On concrete design options and arrangement variants of the heating elements 4 will be on the 3 to 8th directed. In the supply air line 2 can also have several Zuluftvorwärmer 1 be arranged. Furthermore, the supply air line 2 at least in the area of Zuluftvorwärmers 1 be formed double-walled.

2 shows an alternative embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention 5 , wherein the Zuluftvorwärmer 1 in contrast to 1 upstream of the exhaust inlet point 9 is arranged. Of course, there is also the possibility, both before and after the Abgaseinleitstelle 9 one or more supply air preheaters 1 to arrange.

3 shows a single heating element 4 a Zuluftvorwärmers 1 in the supply air line 2 is introduced. The heating element 4 is meandering to increase the contact area to the supply air and to allow better heat transfer. The heating element 4 is directly electrically heated.

The 4a to 4c show several heating elements 4 a Zuluftvorwärmers 1 at the same position relative to the length of the supply air duct 2 , in the supply air line 2 are introduced. In the embodiment according to 4a are both heating elements 4 from the same side (in the illustration of the 4a from the left) into the supply air line 2 insertable and executable. In contrast, the two heating elements 4b according to 4b from opposite sides (in the representation of the 4b from left and right) into the supply air line 2 insertable and executable.

In 4c are the positions of the heating elements 4 out 4a or 4b with regard to the longitudinal extension of the supply air line 2 that the flow direction 14 in 4c corresponds, shown. All heating elements 4 are in the same position.

5a shows the cross section of a supply air line 2 with two in the supply air line from opposite sides of imported heating elements 4 , In contrast to 4 are the heating elements 4 but at different positions of the supply air line 2 , based on their longitudinal extent, arranged as out 5b , which the supply air line 2 schematically in longitudinal section, clearly shows.

The 6a and 6b show a further embodiment in which several heating elements 4 over the circumference of the supply air line 2 distributed and in the longitudinal extension of the supply air line 2 staggered are arranged.

Are several heating elements 4 present, these several, z. B. be assigned to two groups, the heating elements 4 a group can be inserted simultaneously and / or executable, z. B. by the heating elements 4 simultaneously receive the same control signal from a control unit (not shown).

The heating elements 4 or the different groups of heating elements 4 can in one embodiment independently in the supply air line and / or running, z. B. as a function of temperature and / or pressure.
7 shows a schematic detail view of a supply air line 2 in longitudinal section with a means of a rotary movement in the supply air line 2 insertable heating element 2 , In a non-activated, ie in the executed state (solid line) is the heating element 2 outside the supply air line 2 , If heating of the supply air is required, the heating element becomes 4 activated and in the supply air line 2 introduced. The dotted representation of the heating element 4 shows the position of the heating element 4 in the activated, ie imported, state. The insertion or removal of the heating element 4 takes place by means of a rotary movement, for. B. a rotation through 90 °, about the axis of rotation 15 ,

8th shows a schematic detail view of a supply air line 2 in longitudinal section with four means a straight-line movement in the supply air line 2 insertable heating elements 4 , of which two heating elements each 4 from the same side of the supply air line 2 (in the representation of 8th from above and below) into the supply air line 2 Introduce and executable. The two in the presentation of 8th left heating elements 4 are at the same position of the supply air line 2 arranged while the two in the representation of the 8th right heating elements 4 at different positions of the supply air line 2 are arranged.

In a non-activated, ie in the executed state (solid line) are the heating elements 2 outside the supply air line 2 , If heating of the supply air is required, a number of the heating elements will be required 4 activated and in the supply air line 2 introduced. The dotted representation of the heating elements 4 shows the position of the heating elements 4 in the activated, ie imported, state. The entry or exit of the heating elements 4 is done by means of a rectilinear motion by the heating elements 4 through openings in the wall of the supply air line 2 in or be executed in the supply air line.

Of course, a combination of means of a rotary movement and by means of a rectilinear movement in the supply air line 2 single and executable heating elements 4 possible. Are several heating elements 4 present, they can have a different heat output.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Zuluftvorwärmer

2

air supply

3

internal combustion engine

4

heating element

5

arrangement

6

exhaust pipe

7

Exhaust gas recirculation line

8th

Exhaust extraction point

9

Abgaseinleitstelle

10

cylinder

11

turbine

12

turbocharger shaft

13

compressor

14

flow direction

15

axis of rotation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2006/0150958 A1 [0002]

Claims (17)

Supply air preheater (1) for an air supply line (2) of an internal combustion engine (3) with one or more heating elements (4), characterized in that the heating elements (4) repeatedly in the supply air line (2) insertable and from the supply air line (2) are executable , Supply air preheater (1) to Claim 1 , characterized in that the heating elements (4) can be arranged with respect to the supply air line (2) that a number of heating elements (4) at the same position of the supply air line (2), based on a longitudinal extent of the supply air line (2), insertable and executable is. Supply air preheater (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating elements (4) can be arranged with respect to the supply air line (2) such that a number of the heating elements (4) at different positions of the supply air line (2), based on a longitudinal extent the supply air line (2), is insertable and executable. Supply air preheater (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating elements (4) are assigned to a plurality of groups, wherein the heating elements (4) of a group are simultaneously inserted and / or executable. Zuluftvorwärmer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that heating elements (4) by means of a rectilinear movement and / or by means of a rotary movement in the supply air line (2) can be inserted and executed. Supply air preheater (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that heating elements (4) have a different heat output. Supply air preheater (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that heating elements (4) have a different shape. Zuluftvorwärmer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a number of heating elements (4) in dependence of a temperature and / or in dependence of a pressure in the supply air line (2) can be inserted and / or executed Arrangement (5) comprising an internal combustion engine (3) and an air supply line (2) for supplying the internal combustion engine (3) with supply air, characterized in that the air supply line (2) one or more Zuluftvorwärmer (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Arrangement (5) according to Claim 9 , characterized in that the supply air line (2) in the region of Zuluftvorwärmers (1) is double-walled Arrangement (5) according to Claim 9 or 10 , characterized in that the arrangement (5) further comprises an exhaust pipe (6) for discharging exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine (3) and an exhaust gas recirculation line (7), wherein the exhaust gas recirculation line (7) is adapted to exhaust from an exhaust gas sampling point (8) in the exhaust gas line (6) to a in the supply air line (2) arranged Abgaseinleitstelle (9) and that the heating elements (4) one or more Zuluftvorwärmer (1) downstream and / or upstream of the Abgaseinleitstelle (9) in the supply air line (2 ) are arranged. Motor vehicle with an arrangement (5) according to one of Claims 9 to 11 , A method for heating supply air in an air supply line (2) of an internal combustion engine (3), characterized in that one or more heating elements (4) of one or more Zuluftvorwärmer (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 8th introduced into the supply air line (2) and brought into contact with the supply air. Method according to Claim 13 , characterized in that a number of the heating elements (4) from the supply air line (2) is executed. Method according to Claim 13 or 14 , characterized in that a number of the heating elements (4) is introduced and / or executed in dependence on a temperature and / or as a function of a pressure in the supply air line (2). Method according to one of Claims 13 to 15 , characterized in that a number of the heating elements (4) is introduced at a cold start of the internal combustion engine (3) in the supply air line (2). Method according to one of Claims 13 to 16 , characterized in that a number of the heating elements (4) on reaching a minimum temperature and / or an operating temperature of the internal combustion engine (3) from the supply air line (2) is executed.

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