DE102018124381A1 - Elastic coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

An elastic coupling with a rotating system, which connects a first rotatable shaft (3a) and a second rotatable shaft (3b) for torque transmission, the rotating system comprising a first coupling half (1), which is non-rotatably fastened to the first shaft (3a) - primary mass - and has a second coupling half (2) - secondary mass - which can be fastened in a rotationally fixed manner to the second shaft (3b), and wherein the secondary mass is movable to a limited extent relative to the primary mass and wherein an assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass is provided, characterized in that the assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass is in any case partially designed outside the rotating system of the elastic coupling

Description

The present invention relates to an elastic coupling according to the preamble of claim 1.

An elastic coupling is a machine element for the elastic connection of two shafts. The connection makes it possible to transmit rotation and thus torque and ultimately mechanical work between the two shafts.

The elastic couplings include, for example, metal spring couplings, elastomer couplings or viscous couplings. An essential task of an elastic coupling is to isolate the output side from rotational irregularities, that is to say the torsional vibrations of the drive side superimposed on the constant rotational speed.

A visco coupling has a housing, the inside of which also serves as a carrier for the outer plates. There is a fluid between the outer fins and the inner fins. The inner plates themselves are held by an inner plate carrier, which is also the drive shaft. The housing is protected by a seal against the leakage of the fluid and the ingress of dust. The characteristics of the torque and power transmission depend on the number of fins, their inside and outside diameter and the viscosity of the fluid. The fluid is sheared at different speeds of the input and output plates and thus transmits the moment. A visco clutch transmits torque depending on a differential speed between the inner and outer plates.

Known passive elastic couplings therefore always have two of the following principles / components as functions:

Component "storage of potential energy":

A storage of potential energy is due to a torsional spring stiffness between a clutch input side (i.e. the side of the clutch from which a torque is introduced into the clutch - hereinafter also referred to as “primary side” and “primary mass”) and a clutch output side (i.e. the side of the clutch) a torque introduced into the clutch leaves the clutch, or at which it can be tapped - hereinafter also referred to as “secondary side” and “secondary mass”).

Dissipative component:

A dissipative component takes over a damping between the primary mass and the secondary mass, e.g. through solid friction, viscous damping or hydraulic damping.

In the elastic couplings currently available in practice, the components described above are integrated in the coupling, which is connected to the shafts in a rotating manner.

Although this has the advantage that only a single assembly has to be installed in the shafts, there are also certain disadvantages in practice.

In view of the often limited installation space of an elastic coupling, it is not always possible to achieve the required rigidity and damping. The heat generated by the damping is often difficult to dissipate. This problem therefore limits the function and service life of the flexible coupling.

A change in the coordination with regard to the stiffness and damping damping of the flexible coupling in the installed state is difficult or even impossible.

Maintenance of the components of the flexible coupling when installed is also difficult or impossible.

The present invention has for its object to provide an elastic coupling that does not have the present disadvantages.

This object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.

According to claim 1, an elastic coupling is formed with a rotating system, which connects a first rotatable shaft and a second rotatable shaft for torque transmission, the rotating system having a first coupling half, which is non-rotatably attachable to the first shaft, and a non-rotatable mass on the second shaft attachable second coupling half - has secondary mass, the secondary mass being limitedly movable relative to the primary mass and the elastic coupling having an assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass, the assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass is in any case partially formed outside of the rotating system of the elastic coupling.

By moving part of the assembly outside the rotating system there a vibration-absorbing and / or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating effect is generated in a simple manner and fed back into the rotating system. It is also conceivable to generate only a part of the vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating effect outside the rotating system and to produce part of the vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating effect within the rotating system.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass has one or more fluid-filled chamber (s) as part of the rotating system, the volume of which in the case of torsional vibrations and the resulting relative movements between primary mass and secondary mass, this change in volume is transmitted via a rotary feedthrough for the fluid from the rotating system via one or more lines to a non-rotating area outside the rotating system.

This design variant is implemented in a structurally simple manner and allows vibration damping and / or eradication and / or vibration isolation outside the rotating system in a simple manner, in particular if the lines are connected to one or more damping or resilient elements outside the rotating system, so that a occurring vibration-damping or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating effect via which one or more lines are fed back into the rotating system.

It can advantageously be provided that the one or more vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or and / or vibration-isolating elements outside the system rotating during operation has at least one hydraulic actuator (hydraulic cylinder) and / or at least one store of potential energy and / or comprise at least one damping device.

The hydraulic cylinder can be designed in various ways. It is conceivable to use a piston that can be actuated on both sides. The term is not limited to this. The one or more hydraulic cylinders can also be configured differently. The hydraulic cylinder can, for example, advantageously have on the one side of an axially displaceable piston a fluid chamber with a fluid connection that changes in size due to displacement of the piston and on the other side of the piston a space filled with a gas, in particular air, which forms a kind of gas spring, in particular an air spring. In this case, it is expedient to use two of the hydraulic cylinders with gas springs described above. For example, the two supply lines are made 3rd (See the description there) Instead of the pistons acting on both sides, each connected to one of the hydraulic connections of the two hydraulic cylinders with a gas spring, i.e. given to an air spring (without piston), so to speak.

It can be provided that the one or more vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or and / or vibration-isolating elements outside of the rotating system not only comprise passively acting components but at least one actively acting device such as a controllable pump.

By the device proposed according to claim 1 and further developed according to the subclaims, the relative movements occurring in the case of torsional vibrations between the two coupling halves are preferably fluid - i.e. hydraulic or pneumatic - transferred to a non-rotating area outside the rotating system, in which measures required for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation can be carried out without the restrictions mentioned at the beginning.

• - Bauraumbeschränkungen an der Welle können durch die Verlagerung von Feder und Dämpfer gelöst werden.
• - Die Abstimmung von Feder und Dämpfer können nachträglich an das Schwingungsverhalten des realen Systems angepasst werden.
• - Durch aktive Elemente, z. B. Hydraulikpumpen kann das Schwingungsverhalten des Systems weiter verbessert werden.
• - Die Realisierung eines semiaktiven Systems, z. B. durch ein drehzahlabhängiges Zu- oder Abschalten von Feder- oder Dämpferelementen ist einfach möglich.
• - Die Verwendung von Luftfedern, deren Steifigkeit sich durch Aufpumpen einfach verändern lässt ist möglich.
• - Es lassen sich kostengünstige, standardisierte Bauelemente, wie Schraubendruckfedern, Stoßdämpfer und hydraulische Durchführungen verwenden.

All or part of the measures required for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation can thus be implemented outside the rotating system. This is of great advantage because subsequent changes can also be made. Other advantages are:

• - Space restrictions on the shaft can be solved by moving the spring and damper.
• - The coordination of spring and damper can be subsequently adapted to the vibration behavior of the real system.
• - Through active elements, e.g. B. hydraulic pumps, the vibration behavior of the system can be further improved.
• - The realization of a semi-active system, e.g. B. by a speed-dependent switching on or off of spring or damper elements is easily possible.
• - The use of air springs, the rigidity of which can be easily changed by pumping up, is possible.
• - Inexpensive, standardized components such as helical compression springs, shock absorbers and hydraulic bushings can be used.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer elastischen Kupplung;
• 2 einen schematisch dargestellten Schnitt quer zur Drehachse einer erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Kupplung; und
• 3 einen schematisch dargestellten Radialschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße elastische Kupplung aus 1 sowie einen schematisch dargestellten Hydraulikzylinder, eine Feder und einen Dämpfer.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and is described in more detail below. This exemplary embodiment merely serves to illustrate the invention on the basis of a preferred construction, which, however, does not conclusively represent the invention. In this respect, other exemplary embodiments as well as modifications and equivalents of the illustrated exemplary embodiment can also be implemented within the scope of the claims. Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of an elastic coupling;
• 2nd a schematically illustrated section transverse to the axis of rotation of an elastic coupling according to the invention; and
• 3rd a schematically illustrated radial section through the elastic coupling according to the invention 1 and a schematically illustrated hydraulic cylinder, a spring and a damper.

In 1 are with the reference symbol 1 a primary mass - here a first coupling half of an elastic coupling and with the reference symbol 2nd a secondary mass - here referred to a second coupling half of the elastic coupling, only a coupling being referred to below for reasons of simplification.

The first half of the coupling 1 -On the clutch input side- is torque-proof with a first shaft in the sense of torque transmission 3a and the second coupling half 2nd - The clutch output side - is torque-proof with a second shaft for torque transmission 3b connected like this in 1 is indicated. The primary mass - ie the first coupling half 1- and the secondary mass - that is, the second coupling half 2- form a rotating system during operation.

Between the two coupling halves 1 , 2nd a spring-damper arrangement is schematically shown here, which serves as a replacement system for mechanical, viscous or hydraulic damping.

The clutch transmits torques between the first shaft during operation 3a and the second wave 3b in a drive system. When the first wave accelerates or decelerates 3a Torque peaks occur, which can also be noticed as torsional vibrations and put additional mechanical stress on the entire drive system.

Due to the spring-damper arrangement, there is limited relative mobility between the two coupling halves 1 , 2nd enables, so that a "decoupling" or isolation of the torsional vibrations between the two coupling halves 1 , 2nd and thus between the first wave 3a and the second wave 3b is reached. As a result, corresponding torque peaks are smaller in magnitude than with a rigid coupling. As a result, the drive system is advantageously subjected to less mechanical stress.

In 2nd a clutch according to the invention is shown schematically in a section transverse to the axis of rotation.

Between the primary mass or the first half of the coupling 1 and the secondary mass - here the hub part 2nd -respectively. the second coupling half 2nd are what 2nd shows several chambers filled with liquid or air 4th , 5 provided, these chambers 4th , 5 each by means of radial webs 6 the second coupling half 2nd respectively. 7 the first half of the coupling 1 are limited.

The chambers 4th , 5 form part of the rotating system. They also form part of an assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the first coupling half 1 and the second coupling half 2nd , This assembly is partially formed outside of the rotating system of the clutch. This means that it has one or more components there.

The chambers 4th , 5 are with a hydraulic or pneumatic rotary union 8th through radial bores 9 respectively. 10th connected.

Through the rotating union 8th are the radial bores 9 respectively. 10th with cables leading to the outside and not rotating 9 respectively. 10th connected. These lines 9 , 10th flow into the illustrated embodiment 3rd in a housing 11 in which a piston 12th is arranged movably.

In this way, another part of the assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the first coupling half becomes 1 and the second coupling half 2nd formed, this part of the assembly being wholly or partly formed outside the rotating system of the clutch.

A piston rod 13 of the piston 12th is here by a store of potential energy, in particular a spring, particularly preferably a coil spring 14 , charged. A mechanical damping element is parallel to this spring 15 switched.

Thus, the components required for vibration damping (and / or repayment and / or isolation) are in the non-rotating outer area of the two shafts to be influenced 3a , 3b relocated so that all necessary measures can be carried out in this area and, which is of great advantage, can be changed.

For example, by changing the setting of the coil spring 14 the damper frequency can be changed as required. Likewise, instead of a coil spring 14 An air spring can also be used as the energy store, which can have a variable stiffness due to more or less strong inflation.

A vote of coil spring 14 and damping element 15 can be adapted to the vibration behavior of the existing system at any time.

In addition, active elements (not shown in the drawings) such as e.g. Hydraulic pumps further improve the vibration behavior of the system.

The implementation of a semi-active system, e.g. possible by a speed-dependent connection or disconnection of spring or damper elements.

All in all, only inexpensive, standardized components such as helical compression springs, shock absorbers and hydraulic or pneumatic bushings are required for the entire assembly.

How in particular 2nd makes clear, there are two diametrically opposed chambers 4th , 5 provided, each in the specified manner by the radially extending webs 6 the second coupling half 2nd and 7 the first half of the coupling 1 are divided.

Reference list

1

Flywheel

2nd

Hub part

3a

wave

3b

wave

4th

chamber

5

chamber

6

web

7

Hub part

8th

Rotary union

9

Radial bore / line

10th

Radial bore / line

11

casing

12th

piston

13

Piston rod

14

Coil spring

15

Damping element

Claims (10)

Elastic coupling with a rotating system that connects a first rotatable shaft (3a) and a second rotatable shaft (3b) for torque transmission, the rotating system comprising a first coupling half (1) - primary mass - and has a second coupling half (2) - secondary mass - which can be fastened in a rotationally fixed manner to the second shaft (3b), the secondary mass being movable to a limited extent relative to the primary mass and with an assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the Secondary mass is provided, characterized in that the assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass is at least partially formed outside of the rotating system of the elastic coupling. Elastic coupling after Claim 1 , characterized in that the assembly for vibration damping and / or vibration damping and / or vibration isolation of the relative movement between the primary mass and the secondary mass has one or more fluid-filled chamber (s) (4, 5) as part of the rotating system, the Volume in the case of torsional vibrations and the resulting relative movements between primary mass and secondary mass can be changed. Elastic coupling after Claim 2 , characterized in that the volume change is transmitted via a rotary feedthrough (8) for the fluid from the rotating system via one or more lines (9, 10) into a non-rotating area outside the rotating system. Elastic coupling after Claim 3 , characterized in that the lines (9, 10) are connected to one or more vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating elements outside the rotating system, so that an occurring vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating effect occurs via the one or several lines is fed back into the rotating system. Elastic coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more vibration-damping and / or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating elements outside the rotating system comprise at least one hydraulic cylinder. Elastic coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more vibration-damping or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating elements outside the rotating system comprise at least one store of potential energy. Elastic coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more vibration-damping or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating elements outside the rotating system comprise at least one damping device. Elastic coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more vibration-damping or vibration-damping and / or vibration-isolating elements outside the rotating system comprise at least one actively acting device such as a controllable pump. Elastic coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two diametrically opposite chambers (4, 5) are provided in each case. Elastic coupling after Claim 9 , characterized in that the chambers (4, 5) are each divided by radially extending webs (6, 7) of the second coupling half (2) on the one hand and the first coupling half (1) on the other.

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