DE102018120904A1 - Organ model for learning and strengthening the skills of minimally invasive interventions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an organ model for learning and consolidating the skill of endoscopic interventions, consisting of a body representing one or more human or animal organs Outer layer (4), the outer layer (3) made of silicone or latex.

Description

description

The invention relates to an organ model for learning and strengthening the skill of minimally invasive interventions, consisting of a body representing one or more human or animal organs.

definition

The term "minimally invasive surgery" (MIC) is the generic term for surgical interventions with the smallest trauma (with the smallest injury to skin and soft tissues). Endoscopic surgery is usually performed through natural openings such that the instruments are inserted into the body through the mouth, anus, vagina, colon or urethra. Laparoscopic operations are also to be understood as minimally invasive operations, since a small incision enables access to the body area.

State of the art

A large number of training devices for practicing handling and skills with endoscopes are known from the prior art. These are very complex and complex devices, so that for cost reasons they can only be placed at performance centers. Due to the high costs, only a small number of users can actually use them, so that many users have little or no training opportunities.

However, it was found that permanent practice, i.e. not only during an apprenticeship but also during practical work, leads to significantly better results and strengthens the skills learned. In addition, the precision and skill increase significantly, which in turn benefits the patient. This could also reduce costs.

Efforts have therefore been made to provide training devices that can be used by anyone without the need to visit central facilities with complex equipment. This means that skills can also be practiced outside of the performance centers.

From the WO 002016201085 A1 describes a laparoscopic exercise device. The device includes a frame that defines a housing and a simulated tissue model that is located in a housing. The simulated tissue model is adapted for practicing hysterectomies and includes at least one simulated uterus and a simulated vagina. The simulated fabric model is suspended within the envelope with two flat layers of silicone, so that the fabric model is arranged between the two layers, each of which forms a fold and is in turn connected to the frame. The frame can be shaped like a cylinder and can be located in a cavity of a larger laparoscopic trainer with a penetrable simulated abdominal wall. The fabric model is interchangeable and accessible from the side through an opening.

In the WO 002016056025 A1 a training device for use in neurosurgery is shown. It consists of a housing which is closed per se and which has a plate element arranged at a defined angle. Various functions are provided on this plate element, the position of which can additionally be changed via a motor, and can be carried out via an endoscope that can be inserted into the housing via a defined interface. The interface is formed by a rubber element through which the endoscope is inserted. So that the user can follow his housing within the housing, which is not visible to the normal eye, lighting means and a camera are provided inside the housing, which images the situations that arise within the housing on a screen. This allows laparoscopic surgery to be trained.

Since the training devices are very complex and very expensive to manufacture, but have the possibility that the special ability can be trained at any location, the further developments are that the complexity of the devices decreases, and thus also the manufacturing costs and thus the selling costs to reduce.

From the US 020040033476 A1 is shown a training device for the use of endoscopes. It comprises a housing and an operating area defined within the housing, which can be reached with endoscopes that can be inserted via one or more interfaces. The interfaces are holes in the housing through which the endoscopes can be inserted. A screen prevents the user from making direct eye contact. A mirror device projects what is happening in the area of the operation area onto a level that is not usual for the viewer. This simulates projecting a camera image within a human body onto another level.

For the training devices described above, either organs that come from animals or components such as screws, nuts, Sewing thread, fabric etc. are present in the training device in order to practice and consolidate the basic skill with the endoscopic devices.

A further training derived from this is in the DE 10 2013 012383 A1 described. The organ model described here is intended for practicing the handling of the instruments to be used in minimally invasive surgery with a lid shaped according to the anatomy of the human abdominal wall, the lid at least partially made of an elastic material to be penetrated by the instruments, a base and one of the human anatomy modeled backdrop. In this way, the anatomical conditions are at least partially simulated.

Disadvantages of the prior art

The organ models described above are technically oriented devices that are suitable for multiple use and thus only approximately correspond to reality. The animal organs only approximate human training, so that the user of minimally invasive surgery can only approximate training on similar organ models, but always knowing that the reality is different and that he only becomes the first one during the actual operation Sometimes comes into the situation to find a condition that has not been trained before.

In addition, the technical models are very expensive because they are complex. This is the case because organs such as skin, muscles, etc. generally have to be simulated using technical aids, so that multiple use is also possible.

Object of the invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to develop an organ model from simple means that comes very close to the reality of one or more human or animal organs and is also inexpensive and easy to produce.

Solution of the task

The solution to the problem is provided by the features of claim 1.

Advantages of the invention

The basic idea of the invention is to provide a very simple model for a simulation process. Only through the so-called "single-use" technique can the organ model be reproduced very close to reality.

The organ model according to the invention has a basic body which corresponds to one or more organs or also an area of a human or animal body. This organ model also has openings and undercuts as they exist in reality. The basic body consists of a molded part made of a defined material. This material can either be paper mache, pressed cellulose (paper and / or cardboard). Alternatively, Styrofoam or Styrodur or polyethylene foam can be selected. Any other equivalent material is also suitable. By choosing the material of the base body, its shape can be designed as desired. When using paper mache, it can be poured or pressed into a previously provided mold. When using Styrodur or Styrofoam, the shape can be shaped directly and brought into the desired shape by grinding.

The base body is covered at least on its side to be machined with an outer layer. This outer layer consists of an adhesive layer combined with a latex or silicone layer. This simulates the corresponding organ. This outer layer can be cut with a scalpel, it can be sewn or glued. In addition, as with the real organs, this outer layer is stretchable if these are separated from the base body and raised.

So that this outer layer - as with actual organs - can be removed from the base body by means of the minimally invasive devices, a separation layer is provided between the base body and the side of the outer layer facing the base body. This separation layer has at least the advantageous property that the outer layer does not inseparably connect to the base body, such that the outer layer is away from the base body, i.e. can be raised. Due to their elasticity due to the choice of the appropriate material, this does not tear.

In addition, the separation layer has the task of providing the color for the organ model. As a result, the material of the intermediate layer can be colored in a very simple manner before application to the base body. This gives the organ model the natural color of an organ.

This has created a very simple organ model that is very simple to manufacture. If the outer layer has been used up by various simulations, it can simply be pulled down from the organ model due to the existing intermediate layer. The body can then either in the recycling process Garbage are fed or this is reprocessed.

The preparation is such that the base body is cleaned and the intermediate layer is applied. The outer layer is then applied. This means that the base body can also be used several times.

As a result, organ models in different sizes with different medical challenges can be produced and used in a very simple manner.

Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the following description, the claims and the drawings.

list of figures

• 1 a front view of the organ model;
• 2 a perspective view of the organ model according to 1 ;
• 3 another perspective view of the organ model in a training box during a processing process of the outer layer with minimally invasive devices;
• 4 a perspective view of the processed area of the organ model with a cloth in the formation of a grid under the outer layer.

Description of an embodiment

In the 1 to 4 is an organ model 1 shown. This organ model represents the abdominal cavity with a view of a person's abdominal cavity. The outer layer represents the peritoneum H Arranged in the middle is the abdominal cavity B, in which the intestinal loop is arranged in a real representation. In the event of an inguinal hernia, a hernia forms through which the intestine can penetrate. The peritoneum H then forms a bulge that needs to be removed minimally invasively and, if necessary, reinforced.

The organ model 1 consists of a basic body 2 , the paper mache in the embodiment shown here. Paper mache or paper mache (also pulp or papier mache, from the Italian also Cartapesta) is a mixture of paper and a binder, usually paste, from which light, stable, relatively large and relatively cheap sculptures, sculptures or masks can be designed. This basic body 2 is shaped in such a way that it represents one or more organs.

The basic body 2 has an intermediate layer 4 on. This intermediate layer 4 connects indissolubly to the base body on one side 2 , On the the main body 2 repellent side, the material is designed such that it has a detachable connection to the outer layer 3 received. The outer layer 3 is made of latex or silicone and is therefore stretchy. This outer layer 3 can be cut, glued and sewn.

How from 3 and 4 you can see the organ model 1 in a trainer box T arranged. The organ model 1 becomes the outer layer 4 through the minimally invasive instruments M raised and cut with a scalpel. A cut is made S , This can be a cloth V in the formation of a grid for reinforcement (as is also done with real organs, for example, to achieve a closure of the abdominal gap). The cut can then be made based on the suitable choice of material S to be sewn again.

The production of such organ models is varied and inexpensive.

As a result, the organ models can be used in different training facilities and devices.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

organ model

2

body

3

outer layer

4

interlayer

H

peritoneum

M

Minimally invasive instruments

T

Trainerbox

S

cut

V

Cloth in the formation of a grid

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• WO 002016201085 A1 [0006]
• WO 002016056025 A1 [0007]
• US 020040033476 A1 [0009]
• DE 102013012383 A1 [0011]

Claims (4)

Organ model for learning and strengthening the skill of endoscopic interventions, consisting of a body representing one or more human or animal organs, characterized in that the organ model (1) consists of a base body (2) and an outer layer (4), whereby the outer layer (3) consists of silicone or latex. Organ model after Claim 1 , characterized in that an intermediate layer (4) is arranged between the outer layer (3) and the base body (2), such that this intermediate layer / 4 (non-detachably connected to the base body (2), but detachably connected to the outer layer (3) , Organ model after Claim 2 , characterized in that the intermediate layer (4) is colored. Organ model after Claim 1 , characterized in that the base body (2) consists of paper or cardboard or paper mache.

Images