DE102018117261A1 - Six-zone single-tooth coil winding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-phase machine with a 2-pole stator with winding teeth (Z) and N slots, designed with a winding arrangement in distributed single-layer toothed coil technology, comprising three winding strands (W1, W2, W3), each of which is based on coil groups (G1, G2, G3) are wound from repetitive wound winding units, the winding strands (W1, W2, W3) of the repeating winding units being arranged offset from one another by an even number of 2q slot pitches in accordance with the following specification

Description

The invention relates to a winding arrangement for a 3-strand induction machine, which is designed as a distributed single-layer tooth coil winding.

Converter-fed permanent magnet synchronous machines (PM synchronous machines) are used in a variety of technical applications. For cost reasons, PM synchronous machines are increasingly being equipped with so-called toothed coil windings. The tooth coil technology simplifies the stator structure of a PM synchronous machine and also enables a segmented stator structure, so that the stator can be manufactured in modules in a kind of modular concept. It is disadvantageous with toothed coil windings that they form a wide air gap field spectrum which, depending on the motor design, can be more or less disruptive and are more likely to be used with higher numbers of poles.

Different winding concepts for toothed coil windings are already known in the prior art. The publication US 20120228981 A1 The task of reducing a subharmonic in relation to the working field wave is to propose a multi-layer winding consisting of at least two coil sides per slot, the number of conductors of the coil sides in a first slot being different from the number of conductors of the coil sides in a second slot , wherein the coils are designed as tooth coils.

In the publication US 20120001512 A1 we proposed a stator with a double number of slots over the prior art. The coils each enclose two teeth. The coils are characterized by different numbers of turns with the same coil width.

The publication too US 20140035425 A1 is concerned with the reduction of undesired top fields by means of a winding that can be manufactured cost-effectively. A multi-layer tooth coil winding is proposed, the individual coils of a strand having different numbers of turns and the teeth carrying a different number of tooth coils. This winding topology is also not useful for small numbers of poles.

The two revelations DE 20 2017 107387 U1 and DE 20 2017 107388 U1 describe so-called multi-tooth coil windings of the number of strands 2 and 3 Consisting of several concentrically nested tooth coils, which, however, are characterized by a relatively small winding factor and by two separate winding layers, namely a lower layer and an upper layer.

The double or multi-tooth coil windings known from the prior art are therefore always multi-layer windings with at least one lower and one upper layer. This results in significant disadvantages, in particular in the case of motors of small size, which consist in the fact that the introduction of the winding layers is complex on the one hand and that these windings are to be insulated from one another by additional measures. This has a negative impact on the degree of groove filling, which in turn has a negative impact on costs.

Another fundamental problem is the use of the tooth coil winding with low number of poles. Since toothed coil windings tend to have a higher number of pole pairs, PM synchronous motors with a low number of poles (e.g. 2-pole or 4-pole) for high-speed drives with the known toothed coil windings can only be realized to a very limited extent.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and a winding topology in the form of a tooth coil winding for a 3-strand induction machine, such as. B. to propose a 3-strand engine design that is inexpensive and easy to manufacture and has a larger winding factor.

This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.

und mit einer Polteilung τ_p wie folgt: $${\mathrm{\tau }}_{\text{p}}=\text{N/2p},$$

wobei p die Polpaarzahl ist und wobei die Wicklungen innerhalb einer Spulengruppe als eine sich um einen zentralen Wickelzahn konzentrisch umschließende Wicklung ausgebildet ist.A basic idea of the present invention is a toothed coil winding with a specific winding scheme for three winding strands W1 . W2 . W3 provided. According to the invention, a three-phase machine is therefore provided with a 2-pole stator with winding teeth and N slots, designed with a winding arrangement with distributed single-layer tooth coil winding, comprising the three winding strands, which are each wound on coil groups of repetitive wound winding units, the winding strands being the same repeating winding units are offset from each other according to the following definition by an even number of q slot pitches, with: $$\text{q}=\text{N / 6p}.$$

and with a pole pitch τ _p as follows: $${\mathrm{\tau }}_{\text{p}}=\text{N / 2p}.$$

where p is the number of pole pairs and the windings within a coil group are designed as a winding concentrically surrounding a central winding tooth.

In the embodiment according to the invention, q is therefore only an even value, ie. H. with a value q = 4, 6, 8, ..., executable, while the following relationship exists to the number of holes q *: q * = q / 2.

According to the idea of the present invention, the technical problem described above can accordingly be solved by a distributed single-layer tooth coil winding which has a 3-zone winding structure. The proposed rotating field winding consists of repeating winding units, each comprising two pole pitches with respect to the number of basic pole pairs p.

mit g = 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...ausbildet, wobei v/p ∈ (..., -17, -11, -5, 1, 7, 13, 19, ....) ist.A property of the preferred embodiment is that the induction machine has an air gap spectrum with the induction pole numbers $$\mathrm{\nu }/\text{p}=1+6\text{G}$$

with g = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ± 3, ..., where v / p ∈ (..., -17, -11, -5, 1, 7, 13, 19, .... ) is.

Due to the winding system described, an air gap field spectrum is excited with the above-mentioned rotating field pole pair numbers. If the slot factor is neglected, there are q different winding factors, which are repeated cyclically.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the winding arrangement ensures that the air gap field spectrum at the rotating field pole pair number | v / p | = 5 has a dominant low-polar spectral line. Accordingly, p * = 5 p is used as the effective number of working poles.

According to the invention, a field harmonic with v / p ≠ 1 is accordingly used for torque generation and for driving the rotor, unlike in the prior art via the field fundamental wave.

It is also advantageously provided that a change in the running direction of the rotor by exchanging two phases of the three winding phases ( W1 . W2 . W3 ) he follows.

1. a) einfacherer Wicklungsaufbau
2. b) kostengünstiger herstellbare Wicklung
3. c) größerer Wicklungsfaktors der Arbeitspolpaarzahl
4. d) bessere Ausnutzung der Aktivteile des Motors

The distributed single-layer coil winding according to the invention therefore has the following advantages over the prior art:

1. a) easier winding construction
2. b) winding which can be produced more cost-effectively
3. c) greater winding factor of the number of working poles
4. d) better utilization of the active parts of the engine

Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are shown in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.

• 1 einen Strang-Zonenplan der verteilten Zahnspulenwicklung mit Kennzeichnung der Spulenführung für den Fall q= 4 über zwei Polteilungen und
• 2 einen Zonenplan einer 3-strängigen verteilten Einschicht-Zahnspulenwicklung einer sich wiederholenden Wicklungseinheit für den Fall q = 4.

Show it:

• 1 a strand zone plan of the distributed tooth coil winding with identification of the coil guide for the case q = 4 over two pole pitches and
• 2 a zone plan of a 3-strand distributed single-layer tooth coil winding of a repetitive winding unit for the case q = 4.

The invention is described below with reference to the 1 and 2 described in more detail, the same reference numerals indicating the same structural or functional features. The 1 shows a phase zone plan of the distributed toothed coil winding with identification of the coil guide for q = 4 (where x and * indicate the respective winding direction or current direction). The winding strand is distributed over two pole pitches.

The number of holes is q * = 2. In this exemplary embodiment, 24 grooves are formed, the grooves 1 to 4 and 13 to 16 is to be understood as a repeating winding unit.

mit g = 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...In the 2 the zone plan of a 3-strand tooth coil winding of a repeating winding unit is therefore shown for the case q = 4, with the following winding factors with: $$\text{v / p}=1+6*\text{G}$$

with g = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ± 3, ...

If one considers the slot as negligible, there are exactly q different winding factors in terms of amount, which are repeated cyclically, as shown in Table 1 below for q = 4. Table 1 v / p | ξ _v | ... ... 19 .7663 13 0.0338 7 .5880 1 .2566 -5 .7663 -11 0.0338 -17 .5880 ...

If the winding is designed with 2 poles in terms of the winding system, a 10-pole rotating field winding with the number of working poles p * = 5 p is created.

The systematic relationship is shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 winding system Arbeitspolpaarzahl number of holes q q * number of pole pairs p p * = 5p Number of slots N 6 pq | Winding factor | q = 2 → 0.7500 q = 4 → 0.7310 q = 6 → 0.7244

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• US 20120228981 A1 [0003]
• US 20120001512 A1 [0004]
• US 20140035425 A1 [0005]
• DE 202017107387 U1 [0006]
• DE 202017107388 U1 [0006]

Claims (7)

Three-phase machine with a 2-pole stator with winding teeth (Z) and N slots, designed with a winding arrangement in distributed single-layer spool technology, comprising three winding strands (W1, W2, W3), each of them on coil groups (G1, G2, G3) repeated wound winding units are wound, the winding strands (W1, W2, W3) of the repeating winding units being arranged offset from one another according to the following definition by an even number of 2q slot pitches, with: $$\text{q}=\text{N / 6p}.$$

and with a pole pitch τ _p as follows: $${\mathrm{\tau }}_{\text{p}}=\text{N / 2p}.$$

where p is the number of pool pairs and the repeating winding units within a coil group are designed as a winding concentrically surrounding a central winding tooth. Induction machine after Claim 1 , characterized in that q represents the number of holes with a value q = 2, 4 or 6. Induction machine after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the induction machine has an air gap spectrum with the induction pole numbers $$\mathrm{\nu }/\text{p}=1+6\text{G}$$

with g = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ± 3, ± 4, ..., where v / p ∈ (..., -17, -11, -5, 1, 7, 13, 19,. ...) is. Induction machine after Claim 3 , characterized in that the air gap field spectrum at the rotating field pole number | v / p | = 5 has a dominant low-polar spectral line. Induction machine after Claim 4 , characterized in that the number of pole pairs 5 p represents the number of working poles p * of the induction machine. Rotary field machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a field harmonic with v / p ≠ 1 is used as intended to generate torque for driving the rotor. Three-phase machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the change in the direction of rotation of the rotor is carried out by exchanging two phases of the three winding phases (W1, W2, W3).

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