DE102018113250A1 - Oberleitungsanordnung for a two-pole overhead line - Google Patents

Abstract

Catenary arrangement (1), wherein the overhead line arrangement (1) has a bipolar design and comprises a first contact wire (2) as an electrical first pole (3) and a second contact wire (4) as an electrical second pole (5) which is used to drive a vehicle ( 6) by a respective current collector (7, 8) per contact wire (2, 4) are contactable; wherein the first contact wire (2) and the second contact wire (4) are interconnected via at least one electrical capacitor (9).

Description

The invention relates to a catenary arrangement for a two-pole overhead line. The two-pole overhead line is especially for non-rail electric vehicles, such. B. commercial vehicles, passenger cars, such as. As buses or the like used.

In rail-bound electric vehicles, such as Electric locomotives, trains and trams, the supply of electrical energy via a puncture-proof catenary system, which is arranged to match the track layout. Electric rail vehicles come out with only one live lead, while the return conductor is formed by the rails. The forward conductor can be designed as a contact wire of an overhead contact line system or as a busbar, which is arranged directly next to the lane or underfloor. For non-rail vehicles, the return conductor must be installed as a separate contact wire of the overhead line next to the toe conductor.

From the DE 10 2015 005 843 A1 a current collector of a motor vehicle is known, which is used for contacting a two-pole overhead line.

Both wires of a two-pole overhead line can be fed with 670 V [Volt] DC voltage, with 1.5 kV DC voltage are possible without great technical effort. The distance between the two contact wires is z. B. 1.35 meters and can be fixed by side holder.

The object of the present invention is to further improve the known overhead line arrangement. In particular, the maintenance of a predefinable distance between the substantially parallel extending contact wires should be permanently ensured.

To solve these problems contributes to a catenary arrangement with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims. The features listed individually in the claims can be combined in a technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and / or details of the figures, with further embodiments of the invention are shown.

It is proposed a catenary arrangement, wherein the catenary arrangement is designed bipolar and comprises a first contact wire as an electrical first pole and a second contact wire as an electrical second pole, which can be contacted for driving a vehicle by a respective pantograph per contact wire. The first contact wire and the second contact wire are connected to each other via at least one electrical capacitor.

It is proposed that in particular a predetermined distance between the contact wires to each other via the capacitor arranged therebetween be set or realized. The capacitor is, in the region of the contact with the capacitor, preferably arranged substantially transversely to the course of the contact wires.

A capacitor is a passive electrical device capable of statically storing electrical charge and associated energy in an electric field in a DC circuit. The stored charge per voltage is referred to as electrical capacitance and measured in the unit Farad.

Capacitors consist in principle of two electrically conductive surfaces, the electrodes, which are separated from each other by an insulating material, the dielectric. The size of the capacitance is determined by the area of the electrodes, the material of the dielectric and the reciprocal of the distance of the electrodes from each other. The electrodes and the dielectric may, for. B. rolled up or connected in parallel can be arranged as a stack.

The capacitor proposed here may, for. B. as a non-polarized capacitor (eg., A ceramic capacitor, a plastic film capacitor, a paper capacitor) or as a polarized capacitor (aluminum electrolytic capacitor, tantalum electrolytic capacitor, niobium electrolytic capacitor, supercapacitor).

In order to avoid collisions with the current collector of a vehicle contacting the overhead line arrangement for current decrease, the capacitor can be mounted in particular above the contact wires so that it can come to any contact with the current collector.

In addition to ensuring the distance of the contact wires, the capacitor can also be used for suspension of the two contact wires to a supporting device (a carrier). This makes it possible, in particular, to reduce the expense of one catenary per contact wire to a common catenary for both contact wires. Analogous to the construction of overhead lines could (with isolated executed two-pole overhead line, so contact wires isolated from ground potential) then used for suspension suspension cable to be grounded to take over protective functions such as lightning strike. When not isolated from earth potential Catenary is connected to one of the two contact wires with ground potential.

In particular, the at least one capacitor forms a spacer, wherein a distance between the first contact wire and the second contact wire is defined via the spacer.

• • eine Kontaktierung an dem jeweiligen Ende des Kondensators zum Fahrdraht bzw. zu einer Zuleitung zum Fahrdraht als elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung,
• • den Kondensator mit Anschluss der Elektroden über die Kontaktierungen zu jeweils einem Fahrdraht bzw. Zuleitung, so dass der Kondensator an die elektrische Spannung der Oberleitungsanordnung angeschlossen ist, und ggf. zusätzlich
• • ein isolierendes Gehäuse.

The spacer comprises in particular

• A contacting at the respective end of the capacitor to the contact wire or to a supply line to the contact wire as an electrically conductive connection,
• • The capacitor with connection of the electrodes via the contacts to a contact wire or supply line, so that the capacitor is connected to the electrical voltage of the catenary arrangement, and possibly in addition
• • an insulating housing.

Depending on the operating voltage of the overhead line, the insulating housing can be implemented in accordance with common designs (compare Insulators).

In particular, the spacer extends from a first contact via the housing, in which at least the at least one capacitor is arranged, up to a second contact. About the contacts the contact wires and the electrically conductive leads are contacted to the contact wires electrically conductive.

In particular, the at least one capacitor is electrically conductively connected to the first contact wire and to the second contact wire.

Preferably, capacitors or spacers are arranged at regular distances from one another along the extension of the contact wires.

In particular, the distance between two capacitors or two spacers is at least 1 meter and at most 1,000 meters.

In particular, one or more spacers without capacitors can also be arranged between two spacers with capacitors. In particular, a spacing of the contact wires can also be ensured by other devices of the contact line arrangement in addition to the spacers (with / without capacitors).

In particular, a parallel course of the first contact wire to the second contact wire is ensured along the extension by the capacitors or spacers (possibly also by additional spacers or other devices).

Preferably, the at least one capacitors each have the same capacity.

In particular, it is also possible for at least part of the at least one capacitors to have mutually different capacitances.

In particular, the capacitances of the capacitors may differ from each other by at most 50%, preferably at most 10%, particularly preferably at most 1%.

In particular, the capacitances of the capacitors may be designed with different capacitances as a function of a distance along the extent of an infeed of the electrical voltage (starting from a mains connection (in particular via a transformer and / or a rectifier).

Preferably, the at least one capacitor or the spacer is arranged above the contact wires and between a support for the overhead line arrangement and the contact wires. Thus, a contact of the capacitor or the spacer and its housing can be prevented by the current collector of a vehicle.

In particular, the contact wires are suspended from the carrier via the at least one capacitor or the spacer. In particular, therefore, the spacer is suspended on the carrier, wherein the contact wires are then suspended from the spacer. The load of the contact wires is then in particular (exclusively) transmitted via the spacer to the carrier of the catenary arrangement.

In particular, the contact wires and the at least one capacitor are arranged electrically isolated from the carrier. Alternatively, at least one contact wire is electrically connected to ground potential.

In particular, the at least one capacitor has a capacity of between 0.01 and 1000 Farads.

In particular, the at least one capacitor can be used to improve the electrical operation of the catenary arrangement. In this case, by the at least one capacitor and by the electrical energy stored in the capacitor, the process of Energy supply in connected to the catenary vehicles or pantograph be improved.

It is known and customary that the overhead line arrangement is connected to a supply voltage along the extension of the contact wires with a mains voltage. Along the extension of the contact wires or the overhead line arrangement, the electrical energy is transmitted to the pantograph or the pantograph. In this case, the catenary arrangement of the feed over a longer distance along the direction of travel and against the direction of travel and the consumer, so vehicles with pantograph, move to the feed to, or away from the feed. For the electrical voltage of the catenary arrangement along the extension results in a deviation from the value of the electrical voltage at the position of the feed (at the feed as U _N designated).

Depending on z. As the number of consumers (eg., Vehicles with connected to the catenary arrangement pantographs), the instantaneous electrical energy decrease and their movement speed, the supply of electrical energy and the properties of the catenary arrangement, such as electrical conductivity and behavior according to line theory, results Current and voltage profile for the overhead line arrangement. This electrical behavior of the catenary arrangement can be improved by the electrical energy stored in the at least one capacitor.

In particular, a voltage deviation from the nominal voltage fed in can be achieved by the at least one capacitor U _N be minimized.

It should be ensured on a catenary arrangement with capacitors, the production of voltage for service or service in case of failure. For this purpose, the substation, so the feed, should be extended by a discharge circuit. Alternatively, discharge points can also be provided along the extension of the overhead line arrangement. In principle, the discharge can also be done via connected pantographs of the vehicles.

By way of precaution, it should be noted that the numerical terms used here ("first", "second",...) Primarily (only) serve to distinguish a plurality of similar objects, variables or processes, ie in particular no dependence and / or order of these objects, quantities or mandate processes to one another. If a dependency and / or order are required, this is explicitly stated here or it obviously results for the person skilled in the art when studying the concretely described embodiment.

• 1: eine bekannte Oberleitungsanordnung;
• 2: eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines Abstandshalters;
• 3: eine erste Ausführungsvariante einer Oberleitungsanordnung;
• 4: eine zweite Ausführungsvariante einer Oberleitungsanordnung;
• 5: eine dritte Ausführungsvariante einer Oberleitungsanordnung;
• 6: eine zweite Ausführungsvariante eines Abstandshalters:
• 7 eine Darstellung einer bekannten Oberleitungsanordnung und der elektrischen Parameter; und
• 8: eine Darstellung einer Oberleitungsanordnung und der elektrischen Parameter.

The invention and the technical environment will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. It should be noted that the invention should not be limited by the stated embodiments. In particular, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is also possible to extract partial aspects of the facts explained in the figures and to combine them with other components and findings from the present description. In particular, it should be noted that the figures and in particular the illustrated proportions are only schematic. Show it:

• 1 a known overhead line arrangement;
• 2 a first embodiment of a spacer;
• 3 a first embodiment of a catenary arrangement;
• 4 a second embodiment of a catenary arrangement;
• 5 a third embodiment of a catenary arrangement;
• 6 : a second embodiment of a spacer:
• 7 a representation of a known overhead line arrangement and the electrical parameters; and
• 8th : A representation of a catenary arrangement and the electrical parameters.

1 shows a known overhead line arrangement 1 , They are carriers 13 for suspension of the overhead line arrangement 1 along the extension 11 the contact wires 2 . 4 arranged side by side. The first contact wire 2 forms the first pole 3 , the second contact wire 4 the second pole 5 , The contact wires 2 . 4 are over guide ropes 19 on a carrying rope 20 suspended. The contact wires 2 . 4 be on the carrier 13 hung so that they are along the extension 11 are each arranged parallel to each other.

2 shows a first embodiment of a spacer 33 , The spacer 33 includes a first contact 14 towards the first contact wire 2 (first pole 3 ) and a second contact 15 towards the second contact wire 4 (second pole 5 ). The contacts 14 . 15 are over the capacitor 9 electrically connected to each other. The capacitor 9 is in an electrically insulating housing 16 arranged.

3 shows a first embodiment of a catenary arrangement 1 , The spacer 33 is on supply lines 17 . 18 tethered. This is the first contact 14 at the first supply line 17 and the second contact 15 arranged on the second supply line. The contact wires 2 . 4 are via brackets on the supply lines 17 . 18 Tied, leaving a pantograph only the contact wires 2 . 4 and not the spacer 33 contacted.

4 shows a second embodiment of a catenary arrangement 1 , On the comments too 2 and 3 will be referred.

The catenary arrangement 1 is bipolar and includes a first contact wire 2 as electrical first pole 3 and a second contact wire 4 as electrical second pole 5 that drive a vehicle 6 by one pantograph per contact wire 2 . 4 are contactable. The first contact wire 2 and the second contact wire 4 are over an electrical capacitor 9 connected with each other.

To collisions with the pantograph of a catenary arrangement 1 to the current collection contacting vehicle 6 to avoid is the capacitor 9 above the contact wires 2 . 4 appropriate.

In addition to ensuring the distance 10 the contact wires 2 . 4 each other becomes the capacitor 9 here also for the suspension of the two contact wires 2 . 4 on a supporting device (a carrier 13 ) used. This makes it possible, the cost of one catenary per contact wire 2 . 4 on a common catenary for both contact wires 2 . 4 to reduce. Analogous to the construction of overhead lines, a suspension cable used for the suspension could 20 (In relation to the ground potential isolated contact wires 2 . 4 ) are then earthed to take over protective functions such as lightning strike.

The spacer 33 extends from a first contact 14 over the housing 16 in which the capacitor 9 is arranged, up to a second contact 15 , About the contacts 14 . 15 become the contact wires 2 . 4 or the electrically conductive leads 17 . 18 to the contact wires 2 . 4 electrically conductive contacted.

Here are the wires 2 . 4 over the capacitor 9 or the spacer 33 on the carrier 13 suspended. The contact wires 2 . 4 are then on the spacer 33 suspended. The load of the contact wires 2 . 4 is about the spacer 33 to the carrier 13 the catenary arrangement 1 transfer.

5 shows a third embodiment of a catenary arrangement 1 , On the comments too 4 will be referred.

In contrast to the second embodiment, here is the spacer 33 over guide ropes 19 on the carrier 13 arranged. A carrying rope 20 extends along the extension 11 and transfers the load of the spacers 33 (and the contact wires 2 . 4 ) on the carrier 13 ,

6 shows a second embodiment of a spacer 33 , On the comments too 2 will be referred.

The spacer 33 includes the capacitor 9 of two electrically conductive surfaces, ie the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 , which are separated from each other by an insulating material, the dielectric. The capacitor 9 is in an electrically insulating housing 16 arranged. The electrodes 21 . 22 are each with a contact 14 . 15 electrically connected.

7 shows a representation of a known Oberleitungsanordnung 1 and the electrical parameter.

It is known and customary that the catenary arrangement 1 at an infeed 25 (Position x _N along the extension 11 the contact wires 2 . 4 with a mains connection 27 is connected (via a transformer 28 and a rectifier 29 ). Along the extension 11 the contact wires 2 . 4 or the overhead line arrangement 1 Electricity is supplied to the pantograph (s) of vehicles 6 transferred (vehicles 6 at positions x _Fa . x _Fb . x _Fc along the extension 11 or s). Here are two vehicles 6 in a first section 23 that is between the feed 25 and a section end 26 (Position x _S1 ) extends to positions x _Fa , and x _Fb along the extension 11 or s arranged. Another vehicle 6 is in a second section 24 that is between the feed 25 and another section end 26 (Position x _S2 ) extends, at position x _Fc along the extension 11 or s arranged.

The catenary arrangement 1 extends from the feed 25 over a longer distance 12 along the direction of travel and against the direction of travel and consumers, so vehicles 6 with pantographs move to the feed 25 to, or from the feed 25 path. For the electrical voltage 30 the catenary arrangement 1 along the extension 11 this results in a deviation from the value of the electrical voltage 30 at the position of the feed 25 (at the feed 25 as U _N ), so that U = f (s); the electrical voltage 30 (here as U referred to) at a contacting of the pantograph between the contact wires 2 . 4 is therefore dependent on the position along the extension 11 or from the distance 12 for feeding. Accordingly, at the individual positions of the extension 11 different values of tension 30 in front: Ux _S1 at position x _S1 . Ux _Fa at position x _Fa . Ux _Fb at position x _Fb . Ux _N at position x _N . Ux _Fc at position x _Fc . Ux _S2 at position x _S2 , The voltage 30 U = f (s) is here by the first course 31 shown.

This electrical behavior of the catenary arrangement 1 can through the in the capacitor 9 stored electrical energy can be improved.

8th shows a representation of a catenary arrangement 1 and the electrical parameters. On the comments too 7 will be referred.

In contrast to the catenary arrangement according to 7 are here along the extension 11 the contact wires 2 . 4 capacitors 9 or spacers 33 at regular distances 12 spaced apart. Through the capacitors 9 can be a voltage deviation from the fed nominal voltage U _N be minimized.

In the diagram shown, the first course 31 the course of the tension 30 with U = f (s) for a catenary arrangement 1 without capacitors 9 during the second course 32 the course of the tension 30 with U = f (s) for a catenary arrangement 1 with capacitors 9 represents.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Catenary arrangement

2

first contact wire

3

first pole

4

second contact wire

5

second pole

6

vehicle

7

first pantograph

8th

second pantograph

9

capacitor

10

distance

11

extension

12

distance

13

carrier

14

first contact

15

second contact

16

casing

17

first supply line

18

second supply line

19

guide rope

20

supporting cable

21

first electrode

22

second electrode

23

first section

24

second part

25

feed

26

section end

27

mains connection

28

transformer

29

rectifier

30

tension

31

first course

32

second course

33

spacer

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102015005843 A1 [0003]

Claims (12)

Catenary arrangement (1), which is bipolar, which comprises a first contact wire (2) as an electrical first pole (3) and a second contact wire (4) as an electrical second pole (5) and for driving a vehicle (6) by respectively a current collector (7, 8) per contact wire (2, 4) are contactable; wherein the first contact wire (2) and the second contact wire (4) are interconnected via at least one electrical capacitor (9). Oberleitungsanordnung (1) according to Claim 1 wherein the at least one capacitor (9) forms a spacer (33) so that a distance (10) between the first contact wire (2) and the second contact wire (4) is defined by the spacer (33). Upper cable arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one capacitor (9) with the first contact wire (2) and with the second contact wire (4) is electrically connected. Upper cable arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein along an extension (11) of the contact wires (2, 4) capacitors (9) at regular intervals (12) are arranged spaced from each other. Oberleitungsanordnung (1) according to Claim 4 , wherein the distance (12) is at least 1 meter and at most 100 meters. Catenary arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 and 5 in which a parallel course of the first contact wire (2) to the second contact wire (4) along the extension (11) is ensured by the at least one capacitor (9) designed as a spacer (33). Catenary arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 to 6 , wherein the capacitors (9) each have the same capacitance. Catenary arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 to 6 , wherein at least a part of the capacitors (9) have different capacities from each other. Overhead line arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one capacitor (9) is arranged above the contact wires (2, 4) and between a support (13) for the overhead line arrangement (1) and the contact wires (2, 4). Oberleitungsanordnung (1) according to Claim 9 , wherein the contact wires (2, 4) are suspended on the carrier (13) via the at least one capacitor (9). Catenary arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 9 and 10 , wherein the contact wires (2, 4) and the at least one capacitor (9) with respect to the carrier (13) are electrically insulated or a contact wire (2, 4) is electrically connected to ground potential. Catenary arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one capacitor (9) has a capacity of between 0.01 and 1000 farads.

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