DE102018100075A1 - Surgical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a surgical instrument (10) with a two working elements (31, 32) having working end (30) and with an actuating element (40), by the actuation of the two working elements (31, 32) are movable relative to each other, wherein the actuating element (40) via a two-part rod member (50) having a first part (51) and a second part (52) with one of the working elements (32) is connected and the two parts (51, 52) of the rod member (50) via a power transmission element (60), wherein the force transmission element (60) has a first partial element (61) and a second partial element (62), wherein at least one of the partial elements (61, 62) is designed as a first magnet and the other of the partial elements (61, 62) is formed either as a magnetizable element or as a second magnet, wherein the first sub-element (61) with the first part (51) of the rod element (50) and the second sub-element (62) with the second part (52) of the rod element (50) is connected and wherein the two sub-elements (61, 62) are aligned with each other so that they attract each other magnetically.

Description

The invention relates to a surgical instrument according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Are known surgical instruments with a two working elements having working end and with an actuating element, by the actuation of the two working elements are movable relative to each other. The problem with this is that high forces can be exerted on the working end by the actuator and thereby the work elements can be damaged.

It is therefore also known to provide a safety mechanism which is intended to prevent that an excessive force can be exerted on the working end by the actuating element, which could damage the working end.

The DE 44 11 099 C2 discloses a surgical instrument with a two working elements having working end and with an actuating element, by the actuation of the two working elements are relatively movable, wherein the actuating element via a two-part rod member having a first part and a second part is connected to one of the working elements and the two parts of the rod member are connected via a spring element designed as a force transmission element. This spring element causes, in the event that the two working ends have been transferred by the actuating element in a closed position and still pressure is exerted on the working end, the resulting force is introduced into the spring element and the force acting on the working end not further increased.

A disadvantage of such an instrument that a user can feel very bad when moving the actuator, whether the working end is already in a closed position and the further expended force is already introduced into the spring or not.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a surgical instrument which allows improved tactile feedback to the user, in particular about the events at the end of work, for example about how firm the tissue is worked and / or whether the working end tissue or bone summarizes.

The object of the invention is achieved by a surgical instrument having the features of patent claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

The surgical instrument according to the invention with a working element having two working elements and with an actuating element, by the actuation of the two working elements are relatively movable, wherein the actuating element via a two-part rod member having a first part and a second part is connected to one of the working elements and the two Parts of the rod member are connected via a power transmission element, characterized in that the force transmission element has a first sub-element and a second sub-element, wherein at least one of the sub-elements is formed as a first magnet and the other of the sub-elements formed either as a magnetizable element or as a second magnet is, wherein the first sub-element with the first part of the rod member and the second sub-element is connected to the second part of the rod member and wherein the two sub-elements aligned with each other et are that they attract magnetically.

By a magnetizable element is meant an element which itself is not magnetic but can be magnetically attracted or repelled by a magnet. Such a power transmission element with two sub-elements that attract magnetically causes the two sub-elements normally abut each other directly due to the magnetic attraction and the user can feel when operating the actuator directly when the two working elements are transferred to a closed position. He thus receives a direct tactile feedback on the events at the end of work. If the applied force but too large, tear the two sub-elements apart and the power transmission to the working end is interrupted directly, so that damage to the working element is reliably prevented.

The power transmission element is in particular not resilient, but rigid, which causes the user can feel when operating the actuator directly when the two working elements are transferred to a closed position.

The magnetic force acting between the sub-elements is ideally dimensioned such that it is then overcome and the two sub-elements tear apart when a force acting on actuation of the operating element on the working end is so great that damage at the working end with a high Probability, for example, with a probability of more than 80%, can occur.

A particularly preferred development of the invention provides that the dimensioning of at least the first magnet, in particular the magnetic force acting between the two partial elements, is matched to the size of the working end. Since larger or wider working ends are damaged only at higher forces than smaller or leaner working ends, instruments with wider working ends can use a force transmission element with two magnetically attracting subelements, which tear apart only at a higher force than in surgical instruments with a narrower working end ,

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first sub-element is arranged at a distal end of the first part of the rod member and the second sub-member at a proximal end of the second part of the rod member. This allows a compact construction.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that for transferring the working end into a closed position, in which in particular the two working elements abut one another, the rod element is moved away from the working end by means of the actuating element.

Preferably, the instrument has a shaft tube with a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the working end is arranged at the distal end of the shaft tube and at least the second part of the rod element is guided axially displaceably in the shaft tube. This allows a simple and compact construction of the instrument.

Preferably, the first working element is inseparably connected to the shaft tube and the second working element pivotally mounted against the first working element, which allows a simple and compact structure.

Since there is a possibility that during an operation, the connection between the two parts of the rod element tears apart, preferably the force transmission element is designed so that it is easily accessible to move by slightly moving the parts of the rod member, in particular the proximal part of the rod member restore magnetic connection between the two sub-elements without having to make a movement at the end of work. This makes it possible to leave the instrument in place during surgery, even if the connection between the two parts of the rod element is released, the surgical instrument.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a receiving sleeve for the force transmission element is arranged at the proximal end of the shaft tube, which has at least one lateral opening. This allows easy access to the power transmission element.

The receiving sleeve is preferably non-detachable, for example in one piece, connected to the shaft tube and may also be formed by a part of the shaft tube.

The opening is preferably closed by a cover, which is designed in particular as a cover. Through the cover impurities are avoided inside the surgical instrument. A cover sleeve can enclose the receiving sleeve and may preferably have a few edges on which dirt can settle.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the cover is preferably lockable to the receiving sleeve, for example by a screw or a bayonet lock to prevent accidental opening.

Advantageously, a flushing connection is arranged on the cover element, by means of which it is possible to additionally act upon the surgical instrument with a flushing medium, for example a flushing liquid.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuating element has a first handle arm and a second handle arm, wherein the first handle arm is pivotally mounted against the second handle arm. Such an actuator allows a particularly simple operation by a user in the manner of a pair of scissors.

Preferably, the second handle arm is arranged on the receiving sleeve or on the shaft tube, in particular rigidly, so that thereby a fixed handle arm is provided, against which the other handle arm is pivotable.

Advantageously, the rod element is arranged with its proximal end pivotably on the actuating element, whereby a simple coupling between the rod element and the actuating element is made possible.

Preferably, the rod member is pivotally mounted with its distal end on one of the working elements, whereby a simple coupling between the rod member and the working end is made possible.

• 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen chirurgischen Instruments,
• 2 eine Draufsicht auf das Instrument gemäß 1,
• 3 einen Längsschnitt durch das chirurgische Instrument gemäß der Linie A-A in 2,
• 4 eine Ausschnittvergrößerung aus 3,
• 5 eine Seitenansicht des chirurgischen Instruments gemäß 1, bei welchem die Abdeckhülse entfernt wurde,
• 6 eine Draufsicht auf das chirurgische Instrument gemäß 5,
• 7 eine Ausschnittvergrößerung aus 6,
• 8 eine perspektivische Ansicht des proximalen Endes des chirurgischen Instruments gemäß 5 und
• 9 eine Ausschnittvergrößerung aus 8.

The invention will be explained in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the following figures. Show it:

• 1 a side view of an embodiment of a surgical instrument according to the invention,
• 2 a plan view of the instrument according to 1 .
• 3 a longitudinal section through the surgical instrument according to the line AA in 2 .
• 4 a cutout enlargement 3 .
• 5 a side view of the surgical instrument according to 1 in which the covering sleeve has been removed,
• 6 a plan view of the surgical instrument according to 5 .
• 7 a cutout enlargement 6 .
• 8th a perspective view of the proximal end of the surgical instrument according to 5 and
• 9 a cutout enlargement 8th ,

The 1 to 9 show various views of an embodiment of a surgical instrument 10 , for clarity, not all reference numerals are given in all figures.

The surgical instrument 10 far a working end 30 , which is a first working element 31 and a second work item 32 has, and an actuating element 40 on which a first arm 41 and a second handle arm 42 can have. The two work items 31 . 32 are by actuation of the actuator 40 relative to each other movable, in particular against each other pivotable when the actuating element 40 is pressed. In this case, the movement takes place in particular between a closed position, in which the two working elements 31 . 32 abutting one another with a surface or fixing material or objects in a clamping manner between the mutually facing surfaces, and an open position. In particular, in the closed position, forces on the work elements 31 . 32 which, when overloaded, damage the work items 31 . 32 being able to lead.

In particular, the operation is carried out by pivoting the first handle arm 41 around a pivot axis 45 against the second handle arm 42 , To transmit the movement of the actuator 40 on the end of work 30 is the actuator 40 , in particular the pivotally mounted handle arm 41 , via a two-part rod element 50 having a first part 51 and a second part 52 with one of the work items 31 . 32 , present with the second working element 32 , connected. The rod element 50 has a proximal end 50a and a distal end 50b on. The first part 51 has a proximal end 51a and a distal end 51b where the proximal end 51a of the first part 51 the proximal end 50a of the rod element 50 equivalent. The second part 52 has a proximal end 52a and a distal end 52b on, with the distal end 52b of the second part 52 the distal end 50b of the rod element 50 equivalent.

The actuator 40 is in particular designed such that when opening the two handle arms 41 . 42 , thus increasing the opening angle between the two handle arms 41 . 42 , the two work items 31 . 32 be moved away from each other while closing the two handle arms 41 . 42 , ie reducing the opening angle between the two handle arms 41 . 42 , the two work items 31 . 32 be moved towards each other. In this case, in particular, the rod element 50 when opening by the actuator 40 towards the end of the work 30 pushed while closing the rod element 50 by the actuator in the direction of the working end 30 is pulled away.

The two parts 51 . 52 of the rod element 50 are via a power transmission element 60 interconnected, in particular such that the longitudinal axes of the two parts 51 . 52 aligned with each other. In particular, via the power transmission element 60 the proximal end 52a of the second part 52 of the rod element 50 and the distal end 51b of the first part 51 of the rod element 50 connected.

The power transmission element 60 has a first subelement 61 and a second subelement 62 which attract magnetically. This is at least one of the sub-elements 61 . 62 , for example, the first subelement 61 , formed as a first magnet. The other of the subelements 61 . 62 , For example, the second sub-element 62 , Can also be designed as a magnet or alternatively as a magnetizable element. The first subelement 61 is at the first part 51 of the rod element 50 , especially at the distal end 51b of the first part 51 , arranged, in particular arranged insoluble. The second subelement 62 is at the second part 52 of the rod element 50 , especially at the proximal end 52a of the second part 52 , arranged, in particular arranged insoluble. The two partial elements 61 . 62 can be cuboid or cylindrical and each have a facing end face 61a . 62a on, with which they can rest against each other. The magnetic holding force between the two sub-elements 61 . 62 is dimensioned such that upon actuation of the actuating element 40 the rod elements can be pushed and pulled back and forth as a unit, as it were, provided that there are no additional external forces on the working end 30 Act.

The two subelements 61 . 62 can by a correspondingly large on the working end 30 acting force against the magnetic attraction force acting between them are torn apart, so that the connection between the first part 51 and the second part 52 is solved. A tearing apart of the two sub-elements 61 . 62 should be done then, if otherwise on the working end 30 acting force damaging the working end 30 could cause. This is done, for example, if one upon actuation of the actuating element 40 on the end of work 30 acting force is so great that damage to the working end 30 can occur with a high probability, for example with a probability of more than 80%.

The sizing of the two sub-elements 61 . 62 acting magnetic force, in particular of the first magnet and either the second magnet or the magnetizable element, in particular to the size of the working end 30 Voted. The dimensioning is in particular such that between the two sub-elements 61 . 62 overcome magnetic force and the connection between the two sub-elements 61 . 62 is resolved when on the working end 30 through the actuator 40 a force is exerted which damages at the working end 30 can cause. Such a force may occur when through the actuator 40 the two work items 31 . 32 have been transferred to a closed position, in particular such that they abut each other or between them material is clamped fixed, and further a force on the actuating element 40 is exercised, which is a further pressing against each other of the two working elements 31 . 32 would effect. These are usually to damage larger working ends 30 higher forces than damage to smaller working ends 30 ,

The surgical instrument 10 can be a steerer tube 20 with a proximal end 21 and a distal end 22 respectively. The end of work 30 is at the distal end 22 arranged the shaft tube. In this case, for example, the first working element 31 rigidly on the shaft tube 20 be arranged, in particular in one piece, on the shaft tube 20 be formed while the second working element 32 pivotable against the first working element 31 on the shaft tube 20 or the first work item 31 can be arranged.

The rod element 50 is at least partially in the shaft tube 20 guided. In particular, the second part 52 of the rod element 50 in the shaft tube 20 guided axially displaceable.

The power transmission element 60 can in a receiving sleeve 70 be arranged, which at the proximal end 21 of the shaft tube 20 can be arranged. The receiving sleeve 70 is especially firm with the steerer tube 20 connected and may for example in one piece with the shaft tube 20 be educated. The receiving sleeve 70 has a proximal end 71a and a distal end 71b on and is especially in the area of the distal end 71b with the shaft tube 20 connected. For example, the receiving sleeve has a larger outer diameter than the shaft tube and the proximal end 21 of the shaft tube 20 is in the distal end 71b the receiving sleeve 70 used.

The receiving sleeve 70 is to the proximal end 71a and to the distal end 71b open and is from the rod element 50 axially penetrated, wherein the force transmission element 60 within the receiving sleeve 70 is arranged. The receiving sleeve 70 has at least one, preferably two lateral openings 72 on, through which the power transmission element 60 is accessible.

At the proximal end 71a the receiving sleeve 70 can the second handle arm 42 be arranged to be fixed in particular insoluble.

The rod element 50 is through the proximal end 71a the receiving sleeve 70 with his first part 51 led out, in particular such that the proximal end of the rod member 50 with the first handle arm 41 is connectable. In particular, the rod element 50 pivotable on the first handle arm 41 arranged. For example, to the first arm 41 a recess 41a in which the proximal end 50a of the rod element 50 is used pivotally. By pivoting the first handle arm 41 around the pivot axis 45 thus can the movement of the first arm 41 of the actuating element 40 in a movement of the rod element 50 be guided guided in the shaft tube parallel to its longitudinal axis.

The opening 72 in the receiving sleeve 70 can through a cover 80 be closed. The cover element 80 is formed, for example, as a cover sleeve, which concentrically over the receiving sleeve 70 slidable. Such a thing trained cover 80 encloses the receiving sleeve 70 to all sides. The cover element 80 has a proximal end 80a and a distal end 80b on. The distal end 80b Tapered so that the at the distal end 80b of the cover 80 lying opening on the outer circumference of the shaft tube 20 is applied. The cover element 80 can be attached to the receiving sleeve 70 be locked, for example by a screw or a bayonet, which in particular at the proximal end 80a of the cover 80 is arranged. The cover element 80 Can thus solved by rotation about its own axis in a simple manner and by moving on the shaft tube 20 be opened so far that in the receiving sleeve 70 arranged power transmission element 60 is accessible and can be replaced. Such replacement can be done quickly and easily and even during the ongoing operation. Subsequently, the cover 80 be pushed back and arrested again.

On the cover 80 In one embodiment, a purge port 82 be arranged to the interior of the receiving sleeve 70 and the shaft tube 20 be able to apply a flushing medium.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

instrument

20

steerer

21

proximal end

22

distal end

30

end of work

31

first work item

32

second work item

40

actuator

41

first handle arm

41a

recess

42

second handle arm

45

swivel axis

50

bar member

50a

proximal end

50b

distal end

51

first part

51a

proximal end

51b

distal end

52

second part

52a

proximal end

52b

distal end

60

Power transmission element

61

first subelement

61a

face

62

second subelement

62a

face

70

receiving sleeve

71a

proximal end

71b

distal end

72

opening

80

cover

80a

proximal end

80b

distal end

82

Flushing connection

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 4411099 C2 [0004]

Claims (14)

Surgical instrument (10) with a two working elements (31, 32) having the working end (30) and with an actuating element (40), by the actuation of the two working elements (31, 32) are movable relative to each other, wherein the actuating element (40) via a two-part bar member (50) having a first part (51) and a second part (52) connected to one of the working elements (32) and the two parts (51, 52) of the rod member (50) via a power transmission element (60) characterized in that the force transmission element (60) comprises a first sub-element (61) and a second sub-element (62), wherein at least one of the sub-elements (61, 62) is formed as a first magnet and the other of the sub-elements (61, 62) is formed either as a magnetizable element or as a second magnet, wherein the first sub-element (61) with the first part (51) of the rod member (50) and the second Teilelemen t (62) is connected to the second part (52) of the rod element (50) and wherein the two sub-elements (61, 62) are aligned with each other in such a way that they attract each other magnetically. Surgical instrument after Claim 1 , characterized in that the dimensioning of at least the first magnet is adapted to the size of the working end (30). Surgical instrument after Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the first subelement (61) at a distal end (51b) of the first part (51) of the rod element (50) and the second subelement (62) at a proximal end (52a) of the second part (52) of the rod element (50) is arranged. Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for transferring the working end (30) into a closed position, in which in particular the two working elements (31, 32) abut one another, the rod element (50) by means of the actuating element (40) of the working end (30) is moved away. Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the instrument (10) has a shaft tube (20) with a proximal end (21) and a distal end (22), wherein the working end (30) at the distal end (22) of the Shaft tube (20) is arranged and at least the second part (52) of the rod member (50) in the shaft tube (20) is guided axially displaceably. Surgical instrument after Claim 5 , characterized in that the first working element (31) is permanently connected to the shaft tube (20) and the second working element (32) is pivotally mounted against the first working element (31). Surgical instrument after Claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that at the proximal end (21) of the shaft tube (20) a receiving sleeve (70) for the force transmission element (60) is arranged, which has at least one lateral opening (72). Surgical instrument after Claim 7 , characterized in that the opening (72) by a cover (80) is closable, which is in particular designed as a cover sleeve. Surgical instrument after Claim 8 , characterized in that the cover (80) is preferably lockable on the receiving sleeve (70), for example by a screw connection or a bayonet lock. Surgical instrument after Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that on the cover (80) a flushing port (82) is arranged. Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element (40) has a first handle arm (41) and a second handle arm (42), wherein the first handle arm (41) is pivotally mounted against the second handle arm (42). Surgical instrument according to one of the Claims 7 to 10 and 11 , characterized in that the second handle arm (42) on the receiving sleeve (70) or the shaft tube (20) is arranged. Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rod element (50) with its proximal end (50a) is arranged pivotably on the actuating element (40). Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rod element (50) with its distal end (50b) is arranged pivotably on one of the working elements (32).

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