DE102018008439A1 - Series connection and method for series connection between a first and an adjacent second electrical component - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a series connection (10) and a method for producing a series connection (10), wherein the contacting of adjacent solar cells is designed to be entangled with one another. Thus, the dimensions of the components (14a, 14b, 14c) can be significantly increased, without this having a negative impact on the electrical parameters. In particular, on the one hand, the width of the solar cells (14a, 14b, 14c) can thus be substantially increased, so that the dead areas caused by the solar cell separation can be reduced. On the other hand, the series resistances are further reduced because the current path through the respective cell (14a, 14b, 14c) is reduced even further.

Description

The present invention relates to a series connection according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing a series connection according to the preamble of claim 8.

Series interconnections are commonly used between electrical devices to minimize line losses and to add voltage to power generation devices.

Series connections are used, for example, in connection with photovoltaic devices. Such photovoltaic devices usually consist of a plurality of solar cells each having at least one optically active layer, which are interconnected with each other. In this case, the contact layer on the light entry side is preferably formed as a transparent conductive layer (TCO), which, however, still has a comparatively poor conductivity in order to allow the highest possible light transmission. Frequently, therefore, a series connection is chosen to keep resistance-related power losses small. As a result, the current is introduced on one side into the respective solar cell.

Such a series connection between solar cells can be achieved by a process control with three different structuring steps P1, P2, P3, for example in the form of LASER structuring lines. In the context of a so-called superstrate construction of the solar cell, the TCO layer, which acts as a front contact layer, is severed, for example, in the first structuring step (P1). In the second patterning step (P2), an opening and subsequent connection is made between the front contact and back contact layers, and in the third structuring step (P3), the back contact layer is severed such that the monolithically formed layers comprise a first and a second adjacent solar cell within a photovoltaic device Form (solar module), wherein the front contact of a solar cell to the back contact of the adjacent solar cell are connected, the back contact of the one, however, is formed electrically isolated from the front contact of the other solar cell.

However, there are disadvantages with this concept. On the one hand, the asymmetrical current injection has a negative influence on the leakage line (P = R × I ² ). On the other hand, the area between the P1 and P3 structuring lines is not available to the charge carrier generation. In addition, the series connection of the individual cells leads to undesirably high operating voltages, which must be compensated by complex parallel circuits, which interconnections cause further efficiency losses due to passive contacting cells.

To improve was in the WO 2014/152556 A1 proposed for the Superstrataufbau, instead of the three structuring steps P1, P2, P3 make only two structuring steps, wherein an insulating step is carried out for the isolation of adjacent solar cells, with which the back contact layer, the optically active layer and the TCO layer are severed. In addition, a contacting step is carried out in which the back contact layer and the optically active layer are severed and the TCO layer is connected to the back contact layer of an adjacent solar cell. These contacts are placed in the middle of the respective solar cell. As a result, the dead area can be reduced because there is no area between P1 and P3. In addition, the negative effects of asymmetric current injection are avoided, since the current injection now takes place symmetrically, which reduces the series resistance, since the current now only has to travel halfway through each solar cell.

Object of the present invention is to provide series interconnections between any electrical components with very good electrical parameters that can be particularly easy to produce. Preferably, the efficiency of photovoltaic devices should be further increased with such a series connection. In particular, the dead area should be reduced.

This object is achieved with the series connection according to the invention according to claim 1 and the inventive method for producing a series connection according to claim 8. Advantageous further developments are specified in the dependent subclaims and the description.

The inventors have recognized that the stated object can be achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by virtue of the fact that there is no linear contact between two adjacent solar cells at the boundary between the solar cells, as hitherto, in particular also in the case of WO 2014/152556 A1 is taught, but that the contact adjacent solar cells is formed entangled with each other. "Verschränkend" means in this context that at least two adjacent contact layers are penetrated spatially at least partially.

Thus, the dimensions of the components can be significantly increased without this has negative effects on the electrical parameters. In particular, on the one hand the width of the solar cells can thus be substantially increased so that the dead areas caused by the solar cell separation can be reduced. While previously the solar cell width, so the distance between two insulation between adjacent solar cells was 5 mm to 15 mm, it can now be for example 30 mm. On the other hand, the series resistances are further reduced because the current path through the respective cell is further reduced.

The inventive series connection between a first and an adjacent second electrical component, which are arranged monolithically on a common substrate, wherein the components each comprise a first and a second contact layer, which are monolithically formed as uniform contact layers on the substrate, wherein the first contact layer of second component is electrically conductively connected to the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layers of the two components and the second contact layers of the two components are each electrically insulated from each other, characterized in that the second contact layer of the first component at least a portion which extends into the region of the second contact layer of the second component, wherein between this portion of the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layer of the second n component at least one electrically conductive connection. In this case, the electrically conductive connection does not have to extend over the entire section, but it can preferably be in contact with this section only at a part of this section.

In an advantageous development it is provided that the electrically conductive connection between the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layer of the second component has a circular, elliptical or polygonal cross section. Then the electrically conductive connection can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, for example by laser structuring methods. If the electrically conductive connection extends parallel to the substrate normal, then the Serienwiederstände be further reduced because the current path through the respective cell is further reduced.

In an advantageous development, provision is made for electrical insulation to be present between the section of the second contact layer of the first component and the second contact layer of the second component, which is preferably designed as a third structuring trench, which is in particular filled with an insulator. Then the series connection is particularly simple and easy to manufacture.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that the electrically conductive connection between the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layer of the second component is arranged symmetrically with respect to the first contact layer of the second component. For example, a central arrangement of the electrically conductive connection between the boundaries of adjacent components could be provided. If several electrically conductive connections are provided, then these could be arranged in a symmetrical grid. "Symmetrical" means in each case with respect to the second component, that is, for example, with respect to the center of the second component between two adjacently arranged components.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that at least two electrically conductive connections between the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layer of the second component at the portion of the second contact layer of the first component, which are spaced apart and preferred for more than two electrically conductive connections are arranged equidistantly spaced. As a result, the line cross section of the entire electrically conductive connection between the components is increased without having to increase the cross section of the individual electrically conductive connection. In addition, a surface contact is effected, which further reduces the series resistance. If, for example, the section of the second contact layer of the first component is formed into a line shape, then the electrically conductive connections can be arranged on it as beads.

In an advantageous refinement, it is provided that the second contact layer of the first component has at least two sections which extend into the region of the second contact layer of the second component and each have electrically conductive connections to the first contact layer of the second component, the sections being mutually distinct spaced apart and are preferably equally spaced at more than two sections. This also causes a surface contact, which further reduces the series resistance.

Ideally, a plurality of sections are provided, on each of which a plurality of electrically conductive connection are arranged and aligned in the context of a two-dimensional grid.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that at least one of the first and second contact layers is a metallically conductive oxide layer. Such oxide layers are transparent to certain wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, whereby this electromagnetic radiation can then be coupled into or out of the components very easily and without larger dead areas.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that the components are solar cells, preferably thin-film solar cells. In these components, the series connection according to the invention has a particularly positive influence, but it can be used advantageously not only in power-generating components, but also in current receiving, for example in light-emitting diodes and the like.

The thin-film solar cells are preferably those with a so-called superstrate structure, that is, with a structure in which the optically active material absorbs light through a transparent substrate on which it is monolithically arranged. "Monolithic" in this context means that a layer was grown directly on an underlying layer or substrate physically or chemically, for example sputtered on, so no mechanical placement, such as gluing or the like., Has taken place.

The substrate of the solar cell is advantageously a float glass substrate, but it is also Kalknatronglas, polymers and other suitable materials into consideration. The first contact layer is preferably a transparent conductive layer of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), but in principle tin oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium stannate, their doped variants, combinations of these materials, and other suitable materials may be used. For the optically active layer, one or more n-type and / or one or more p-type semiconductors are considered, which form a p-n junction (or alternatively a p-i-n junction). Preferably, an n-type cadmium sulfide having a p-type cadmium telluride is used sequentially. The second contact layer may comprise one of aluminum, chromium, gold, copper, molybdenum, nickel, palladium, silver, titanium, tungsten or combinations thereof or other suitable materials.

The inventive method for producing a series connection between a first and an adjacent second electrical components which are monolithically produced on a common substrate so that the components each have a first and a second contact layer, which were monolithically formed as uniform contact layers on the substrate, wherein the first contact layer of the second component has been electrically conductively connected to the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layers of the two components and the second contact layers of the two components each electrically insulated from each other, characterized in that the second contact layer of the first Component is formed so that it has at least one portion which extends into the region of the second contact layer of the second component, wherein between this portion of the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layer of the second component at least one electrically conductive connection.

In an advantageous development it is provided that the method is adapted to produce the series connection according to the invention.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that, to produce the electrical insulation between the first contact layers of the components, a first structuring trench is produced, which is filled with an electrical insulator. Then the series connection is also very easy and inexpensive to produce. If the first structuring trench extends below the second contact layer of the first component, the electrical separation of the two components outside the contacting is particularly safe.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that at least one second patterning trench is produced for producing the electrically conductive connection between the second contact layer of the first component and the first contact layer of the second component, extending to the first contact layer of the second component or through the first contact layer of the second component second component extends and is filled during the production of the monolithic second contact layer with material of the second contact layer. As a result, the series connection can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.

If the second structuring trench is punctiform or with a longitudinal extent with respect to the substrate surface of 1 .mu.m to 500 .mu.m, preferably of at most 300 .mu.m, in particular of at most 200 .mu.m, then the dead surface is particularly low. The punctiform structuring trenches can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, square or other shapes, which also have a lateral dimension with respect to the substrate surface in the range of 1 .mu.m to 500 .mu.m, preferably of at most 300 .mu.m, in particular of at most 200 .mu.m respectively. The area of these elements can be in particular in a range between 100 .mu.m.sup.2 and 500,000 .mu.m.sup.2 per 60 cm Substrate width and cell both for the surfaces and the number of contact points per cell are. The number of contacts can be chosen in particular between 50 and 20,000.

In an advantageous development it is provided that, for the production of the electrical insulation between the second contact layers of the components, a third structuring trench is produced, which is preferably filled with an electrical insulator. As a result, the series connection is particularly simple and inexpensive to produce. In particular, the third pattern trench is formed such that the portion extends perpendicular to the region of the second contact layer of the second component with respect to a boundary between the components. Thus, a boundary between the components is defined by the first structuring trench and the portion runs perpendicular thereto. Thus, the length of the portion in the first contact layer of the second component can be formed optimally short, whereby the length of the third structuring trench is minimized.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that the distance between adjacent electrical connections is in the range 1 to 20 mm, preferably in the range 3 to 10 mm and in particular in the range 4 to 7 mm.

"Structuring trenches" in the sense of the present invention are not only linear trenches, ie two-dimensional trench shapes, but also one-dimensional trench shapes, such as holes and the like.

• 1 die erfindungsgemäße Reihenverschaltung bei einer photovoltaischen Vorrichtung in einer Draufsicht von oben,
• 2 die erfindungsgemäße Reihenverschaltung nach 1 in einer Draufsicht von unten,
• 3 erfindungsgemäße Reihenverschaltung nach 1 in einer ersten Schnittansicht,
• 4 erfindungsgemäße Reihenverschaltung nach 1 in einer zweiten Schnittansicht,
• 5 erfindungsgemäße Reihenverschaltung nach 1 in einer dritten Schnittansicht und
• 6 erfindungsgemäße Reihenverschaltung nach 1 in einer vierten Schnittansicht.

The characteristics and further advantages of the invention will become apparent in the context of the following description of a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the figures. Here are purely schematic:

• 1 the series connection according to the invention in a photovoltaic device in a plan view from above,
• 2 the series connection according to the invention 1 in a top view from below,
• 3 inventive series connection according to 1 in a first sectional view,
• 4 inventive series connection according to 1 in a second sectional view,
• 5 inventive series connection according to 1 in a third sectional view and
• 6 inventive series connection according to 1 in a fourth sectional view.

In the 1 to 6 is a preferred embodiment of the series connection according to the invention 10 shown in different views, as part of a photovoltaic device 12 Use finds.

It can be seen that the photovoltaic device 12 numerous in series by means of series connection 10 electrically connected components 14 in the form of solar cells 14 has, for the sake of clarity in the 1 to 3 only three solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c are shown.

The solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c are on a common substrate 16 arranged monolithically, the solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c each a first contact layer 18a . 18b . 18c have, an absorber arranged thereon 20a . 20b . 20c and a second contact layer disposed thereon 22a . 22b . 22c ,

The respective first contact layer 22a . 22b the solar cells 14a . 14b sticks out with a section 24a . 24b formed finger-shaped, in the right adjacent first contact layer 22b . 22c the solar cells 14b . 14c into it, with the sections 24a . 24b in terms of the border 26a . 26b between the solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c are aligned vertically. There is also an electrically conductive connection 28a . 28b between the sections 24a . 24b the solar cells 14a . 14b and the first contact layers 18b . 18c the solar cells 14b . 14c intended.

The electrically conductive connections 28a . 28b run parallel to the surface normal N of the glass substrate 16 , in the middle between the borders 26a . 26b . 26c to the neighboring solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c , The second contact layers 22a . 22b . 22c are thus formed entangled with each other, with the fingers 24a . 24b . 24c each to the middle in the adjacent second contact layer 22a . 22c protrude. A separation of the fingers 24a . 24b of the material of the adjacent second contact layer 22b . 22c is through a structuring trench 30a . 30b generated

In 3 is to realize that the electrically conductive connections 28a . 28b each have a circular cross-section. The electrically conductive connections 28a . 28b are made of the material of the second contact layer 22a . 22b . 22c educated.

The limits 26a . 26b . 26c are through a dielectric 32a . 32b . 32c formed that neighboring solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c electrically insulated from each other, leaving the only electrical connection between the solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c via the electrically conductive connections 28a . 28b is produced.

The 4 . 5 . 6 show further sectional views, wherein 4 a section corresponding to the solid line A in 1 reproduces, 5 a section corresponding to the dashed line B in 1 reproduces and 6 a section corresponding to the dotted line C in 1 reproduces.

The manufacture of the photovoltaic device 12 was carried out with the method according to the invention in that first the first contact layer 18 monolithic on the substrate 16 was separated. On this first contact layer 18 became the absorber 20 deposited monolithically.

Subsequently, in a first structuring step, for example by a laser writing process, first structuring trenches were formed 34a . 34b . 34c generated and with the dielectric 32a . 32b . 32c filled in a known manner. The first structuring trenches 34a . 34b . 34c are aware of something in the glass substrate 16 led in (cf. 5 ) to achieve optimum insulation. Through these first structuring trenches 34a . 34b . 34c were the limits 26a . 26b . 26c between the solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c generated, wherein the first contact layers 18a . 18b . 18c and the absorber layers 20a . 20b . 20c each electrically isolated from each other.

Then, in a second structuring step, for example by a laser irradiation process, local patterning holes were formed 36a . 36b produced as second structuring trenches.

Subsequently, the second contact layer 22 monolithic on the absorber 20 deposited, while at the same time the local patterning holes 36a . 36b with the material of the second contact layer 22 were filled.

Finally, in a third structuring step, for example by a laser writing process, the third structuring trenches 30a . 30b deliberately creates something in the absorber layer 20 are inserted, so that an optimal electrical insulation is generated. These third structuring trenches 30a . 30b separate the second contact layers 22a . 22b from each other and lead to the formation of the fingers 24a . 24b ,

The exact configuration of the photovoltaic device 12 is the following:

The substrate 16 is a float glass substrate 16 However, soda-lime glass, polymers and other suitable materials may also be considered.

The first contact layer 18 is a transparent conductive layer of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), wherein basically tin oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium stannate, their doped variants, combinations of these materials and other suitable materials can be used. This ITO layer 18 has a thickness of 0.5 μm.

The absorber layer 20 is an optically active layer, for which one or more n-type and / or one or more p-type semiconductors come into consideration, which form a pn junction (or alternatively a pin junction). In the present case, n-type cadmium sulfide and p-type cadmium telluride are preferred to be sequentially deposited. The entire absorber layer 20 has a thickness of 3.0 μm, with the cadmium sulfide layer having a thickness of 0.1 μm and the cadmium telluride layer having a thickness of 2.9 μm.

The back contact layer 22 For example, any of the materials may include aluminum, chromium, gold, copper, molybdenum, nickel, palladium, silver, titanium, tungsten, or combinations thereof, or other suitable materials. It has a thickness of 0.5 μm.

The width of the first contact layers 18a . 18b . 18c and thus the width of the solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c is 1-20 mm. The width of the first structuring trench 34a . 34b . 34c is 1 ... 500 μm and the width of the third structuring trench 30a . 30b is 1 ... 500μm. The width of the fingers 24a . 24b . 24c is 1 ... 100 μm. The diameter D the electrical line connection 28a . 28b is 1 ... 100 μm.

The aforementioned layers 18 . 20 . 22 are preferably deposited by a sputtering process, but other suitable methods are possible. As a dielectric 32a . 32b . 32c to fill in the first structuring trenches 34a . 34b . 34c curable paints and other suitable materials in question, which can be introduced for example by an ink jet printing process, but also by means of sputtering or a Rollercoater.

The laser patterning processes can be performed in a known manner by means of a respective mask. On the other hand, it is also advantageous to use one or more lasers which are mounted on a coordinate table so as to fly in the x and y directions.

Even if the sections above 24a . 24b only one electrically conductive connection 28a . 28b may also be used advantageously several, and these then preferably like a string of pearls and evenly spaced on the fingers 24a . 24b are arranged.

Although the invention of series connection 10 above with reference to a photovoltaic device 12 has been explained, but it can be used for any electrical components.

Unless otherwise indicated, all features of the present invention may be combined freely and isolated from other features. The features described in the description of the figures can, unless stated otherwise, be combined as features of the invention freely and in isolation with the other features, in particular the claim features. In this case, representational features can also be reformulated as process features use and reformulated process characteristics as representational characteristics.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

series connection

12

photovoltaic device

14, 14a, 14b, 14c

Components, solar cells

16

substratum

18, 18a, 18b, 18c

first contact layer

20, 20a, 20b, 20c

Absorber, optically active layer

22, 22a, 22b, 22c

second contact layer, rear contact

24a, 24b

Finger, section of the first contact layer 22a . 22b

26a, 26b, 26c

Boundaries between solar cells 14a . 14b . 14c

28a, 28b

electrically conductive connection between the sections 24a . 24b and the first contact layers 18b . 18c

30a, 30b

third structuring trenches

32a, 32b, 32c

dielectric

34a, 34b, 34c

first structuring trenches

36a, 36b

local structuring holes, second structuring trenches

D

Diameter of the electrically conductive connection 28a . 28b

N

Surface normal of the glass substrate 16

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2014/152556 A1 [0006, 0009]

Claims (12)

Series connection (10) between a first (14a, 14b) and an adjacent second electrical component (14b, 14c) which are arranged monolithically on a common substrate (16), wherein the components (14a, 14b, 14c) each have a first (14) 18a, 18b, 18c) and a second contact layer (22a, 22b, 22c), which are monolithically formed as uniform contact layers (18, 22) on the substrate (16), wherein the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) is electrically conductively connected to the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) and the first contact layers (18a, 18b, 18c) of the two components (14a, 14b, 14c) and the second Contact layers (22a, 22b, 22c) of the two components (14a, 14b, 14c) are each formed electrically insulated from each other, characterized in that the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) at least a portion (24a , 24b) located in extends the region of the second contact layer (22b, 22c) of the second component (14b, 14c), between this section (24a, 24b) of the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) and the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) at least one electrically conductive connection (28a, 28b) consists. Series connection (10) to Claim 1 characterized in that the electrically conductive connection (28a, 28b) between the second contact layer (22b, 22c) of the first device (14a, 14b) and the first contact layer (18b, 1c) of the second device (14b, 14c) is circular , elliptical or polygonal cross-section and preferably extends parallel to the substrate normal. Series connection (10) to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that electrical insulation is present between the portion (24a, 24b) of the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) and the second contact layer (22b, 22c) of the second component (14b, 14c) , which is preferably formed as a third structuring trench (30a, 30b), which is in particular filled with an insulator. Series connection (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrically conductive connection (28a, 28b) between the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) and the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of second component (14b, 14c) with respect to the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) is arranged symmetrically. Series connection (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two electrically conductive connections between the second contact layer of the first component (14a, 14b) and the first contact layer of the second component (14b, 14c) at the portion of the second contact layer of first component (14a, 14b), which are spaced from each other and are preferably equally spaced at more than two electrically conductive connections. Series connection (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) has at least two sections (24a, 24a ', 24b, 24b') extending in the Extend in the region of the second contact layer of the second component (14b, 14c) and in each case electrically conductive connections (28a, 28b) to the first contact layer of the second component (14b, 14c), wherein the portions (24a, 24a ', 24b, 24b ') spaced apart and at more than two portions (24a, 24a', 24b, 24b ') are preferably arranged equally spaced. Series connection (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the components are solar cells (14a, 14b, 14c), preferably thin-film solar cells and / or that at least one of the first (18a, 18b, 18c) and second contact layers, a metallically conductive oxide layer is. Method for producing a series connection (10) between a first (14a, 14b) and an adjacent second electrical component (14b, 14c) which are monolithically produced on a common substrate (16) such that the components (14a, 14b, 14c ) each have a first (18a, 18b, 18c) and a second contact layer (22a, 22b, 22c) which have been monolithically formed as uniform contact layers (18, 22) on the substrate (16), the first Contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) with the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) was electrically conductively connected and the first contact layers (18a, 18b, 18c) of the two components ( 14a, 14b, 14c) and the second contact layers (22a, 22b, 22c) of the two components (14a, 14b, 14c) were each formed electrically insulated from each other, characterized in that the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component ( 14a, 14b) is formed to have at least a portion (24a, 24b) extending into the region of the second contact layer (22b, 22c) of the second device (14b, 14c), between this section (24a , 24b) of the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) and the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) at least one electrically conductive connection (28a, 28b). Method according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the method is adapted, the series connection (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 7 to create. Method according to one of Claims 8 or 9 , characterized in that for producing the electrical insulation (32a, 32b, 32c) between the first contact layers of the components (14a, 14b, 14c), a first patterning trench (34a, 34b, 34c) is generated, which is connected to an electrical insulator (32a , 32b, 32c), wherein the first structuring trench (34a, 34b, 34c) preferably extends below the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b). Method according to one of Claims 8 to 10 , characterized in that for producing the electrically conductive connection (28a, 28b) between the second contact layer (22a, 22b) of the first component (14a, 14b) and the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) at least one second structuring trench (36a, 36b) is produced, which extends as far as the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) or through the first contact layer (18b, 18c) of the second component (14b, 14c) and during the production of the monolithic second contact layer (22) is filled with material of the second contact layer (22), wherein the second structuring trench (36a, 36b) preferably point-like or with a longitudinal extent with respect to the substrate surface of 1 .mu.m to 500 .mu.m, preferably of at most 300 .mu.m, in particular of at most 200 .mu.m is formed. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 11 , characterized in that for the production of the electrical insulation (30a, 30b) between the second contact layers (22a, 22b, 22c) of the components (14a, 14b, 14c), a third structuring trench (30a, 30b) is generated, wherein the third structuring trench (30a, 30b) is in particular formed such that the portion (24a, 24b) with respect to a boundary (26a, 26b, 26c) between the components (14a, 14b, 14c) perpendicularly in the region of the second contact layer ( 22b, 22c) of the second component (14b, 14c).

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