DE102018004209B4 - Vehicle with drive module and load module - Google Patents

Abstract

Vehicle (20) with drive module (21) and load module (22) that can be separated therefrom and with the following features: a) the drive module (21) has a chassis, a drive motor and in particular an energy storage device for this purpose and is provided to accommodate the load module (22) , b) the load module (22) has a standing device (27) with at least three support supports (28, 29, 30), namely two lateral support supports (29, 30) opposite one another and a central support support (28) spaced apart from one imaginary line which connects the two lateral support supports (29, 30) with each other, c) in a driving position of the vehicle (20) the driving module (21) carries the load module (22), in a parking position the load module (22) rests on the support supports (28, 29, 30), d) the driving module (21) has a recess (40) open on one side of the driving module (21), namely for the entry of the central support (28).

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle with a driving module and a load module that can be separated therefrom.

Transport vehicles with which a load can be picked up and parked again are, for example, from the patent documents EP 0 496 309 A1 , DE 197 21 121 A1 , U.S. 6,139,248 A , US 2003/0 057 663 A1 , WO 2005/018985 A and DE 10 2013 114 841 A1 known. The latter shows an automatically guided vehicle which receives a container in the area of a stationary support frame, so that the container is placed on the vehicle. The takeover of the container is only possible with the help of the support frame and is therefore very expensive in terms of apparatus.

The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle with a driving module and a load module that can be separated therefrom. The vehicle should be used as flexibly as possible. The takeover and delivery of the load module should be as simple as possible.

1. a) das Fahrmodul weist ein Fahrwerk, einen Antriebsmotor und insbesondere einen Energiespeicher hierfür auf und ist zur Aufnahme des Lastmoduls vorgesehen,
2. b) das Lastmodul weist eine Stehvorrichtung mit wenigstens drei Tragstützen auf, nämlich zwei seitliche, einander gegenüberliegende Tragstützen und eine mittige Tragstütze mit Abstand zu einer gedachten Linie, welche die beiden seitlichen Tragstützen miteinander verbindet,
3. c) in einer Fahrstellung des Fahrzeugs trägt das Fahrmodul das Lastmodul, in einer Parkstellung ruht das Lastmodul auf den Tragstützen,
4. d) das Fahrmodul weist eine zu einer Seite des Fahrmoduls offene Aussparung auf, nämlich zum Eintritt der mittigen Tragstütze.

To achieve the object, the vehicle according to the invention has the features of claim 1. In particular, a vehicle with a drive module and a load module that can be separated from it and with the following features is provided:

1. a) the driving module has a chassis, a drive motor and, in particular, an energy storage device for this purpose and is provided to accommodate the load module,
2. b) the load module has a standing device with at least three support supports, namely two lateral support supports lying opposite one another and a central support support spaced from an imaginary line which connects the two side support supports with one another,
3. c) in a driving position of the vehicle the driving module carries the load module, in a parking position the load module rests on the supports,
4. d) the driving module has a recess that is open on one side of the driving module, namely for the entry of the central support.

Due to the combination of a central support on the load module and the opening on one side of the travel module, the travel module can simply move under the load module and then pick up the latter. The center of gravity of the load module is advantageously located vertically above the driving module or on the driving module, in particular within a load zone defined by the chassis of the driving module.

The standing device of the load module requires little space. If exactly three supports are used, slight unevenness in the floor is irrelevant. Advantageously, the support supports form an especially acute triangle with the central support support at the top. The so-called central support is preferably arranged along a central longitudinal axis or central transverse axis of the load module and at a distance from the sides of the load module, in particular from the front and rear. Deviations from the central longitudinal axis or central transverse axis are also possible, depending on the intended load distribution on the load module.

Instead of exactly one central support, several support supports can be provided close together. The same applies to the side supports.

The recess preferably runs in a straight line and / or parallel to a longitudinal axis or transverse axis of the driving module. The position of the recess on the drive module is adapted to the position of the central support.

The chassis of the driving module is advantageously provided with wheels, runners, chains or a combination thereof. The load module is preferably a freight module with a freight compartment for receiving goods or a passenger module with seats, in particular a driver's seat, or a combination of freight module and passenger module.

According to a further concept of the invention, the cutout can be open on a rear side of the drive module. The driving module can then move backwards under the load module and take up the central support in the open recess.

1. a) die Aussparung erstreckt sich über wenigstens ein Viertel der Länge des Fahrmoduls oder über ein Drittel der Länge des Lastmoduls,
2. b) die Aussparung ist schlitzförmig, mit abschnittsweise, überwiegend oder insgesamt zueinander parallelen Rändern,
3. c) die Aussparung ist abschnittsweise, überwiegend oder insgesamt konisch ausgebildet, mit enger werdender Weite, ausgehend von der Seite des Fahrmoduls.

According to a further concept of the invention, the recess can have at least one of the following features:

1. a) the recess extends over at least a quarter of the length of the drive module or over a third of the length of the load module,
2. b) the recess is slit-shaped, with partially, predominantly or entirely mutually parallel edges,
3. c) the recess is configured in sections, predominantly or as a whole, conically, with a narrowing width, starting from the side of the driving module.

Due to the described properties of the recess, the load module can be safely received by the drive module. The preferably conical design of the recess also has a centering effect when the central one enters Support bracket by relative movement along the recess.

According to a further concept of the invention, the support supports can be moved from a downward position into an upward position and, for this purpose, are in particular liftable, foldable or telescopic. Of course, the supports can also be moved back into the downward position.

According to a further concept of the invention, the driving module can be provided with a chassis which is height-adjustable relative to a support chassis, at least between a lower position and an upper position. In the lower position of the chassis, the support chassis has a greater ground clearance than in the upper position.

According to a further concept of the invention, the driving module can have rechargeable batteries as energy stores, which are partially or predominantly provided below the load module, in particular without the load module being supported on the rechargeable batteries. The drive motor of the driving module is then preferably an electric motor. The batteries are designed to be relatively flat and are distributed over one to three quarters of the area of the support chassis and are preferably covered by the load module, i.e. also protected.

According to a further concept of the invention, the drive module can have a support chassis with lateral recesses for receiving parts of a chassis. The side recesses are preferably provided for receiving wheel arches. The driving module can also have support members for receiving the load module.

According to a further concept of the invention, the driving module can have lateral supports or extensions to limit a free cross section provided for the load module. A defined free cross-section to accommodate the load module is provided on the drive module. The lateral supports limit this free cross-section. Parts of the load module can come to rest on the side supports or serve as guides when the drive module moves under the load module.

According to a further concept of the invention, the load module can have a preferably T-shaped main beam with a longitudinal beam and a crossbeam, in particular with several support supports on the transverse beam and a support support on the longitudinal beam. Advantageously, the support posts are provided at the ends of or near the ends of the transverse beams and longitudinal beams, or below the ends.

According to a further concept of the invention, the driving module can have shoulders on which the main beam partially comes to rest. In particular, paragraphs can be provided to delimit the recess that is open on one side of the driving module. The paragraphs can also be formed by the combination of support chassis and batteries or battery housing.

According to a further concept of the invention, the recess open on one side of the driving module can have a widening at a distance from this side, in particular at a closed end of the recess. When driving under the load module, the central support comes into the recess, namely in the direction of the closed end of the recess. The widening in this area is particularly advantageous for maneuvering or fine-tuning the position. The width of the recess in the area of the broadening is preferably 150% to 300% of the remaining width.

According to a further concept of the invention, one or more of the support supports can be provided with wheels, in particular two of three support supports. The third support bracket or a foot thereof is preferably rotatable about a vertical axis. This makes it easier to position the load module to be picked up by the drive module.

According to a further concept of the invention, the load module and / or the driving module can have connection means for the fixed but detachable connection of the two modules. Suitable connecting means for this are basically known, for example the twistlocks provided for fastening containers or lockable bolts or other types of connecting means.

According to a further concept of the invention, the load module and / or the travel module can have centering means for better positioning of the load module on the travel module. With the help of the centering means, a precisely defined position of the load module on the travel module can be achieved. The centering means can also be connecting means, for example lockable conical bolts in conically shaped receptacles.

According to a further concept of the invention, the load module and travel module can have connections for the transmission of electrical energy and / or signals. A transmission of signals is used in particular to control functions in the other module. Electrical energy is preferably transmitted from the driving module to the load module, for example for lighting, heating and / or cooling.

According to a further concept of the invention, the driving module can be autonomous or partially autonomous be driving. The technology required for this is already known and / or is being tested.

The invention also relates to a load module with a standing device and three support supports, namely with two lateral support supports lying opposite one another and a central support support spaced apart from an imaginary line which connects the two side support supports and for use with a travel module with chassis and drive motor .

The invention also relates to a travel module with chassis, drive motor and a recess open on one side, in particular on a rear side, and for use with a load module, as described above.

• 1 Fahrmodul und Lastmodul getrennt voneinander in Parkstellung,
• 2 Fahrmodul und Lastmodul entsprechend 1 zusammengefügt zu einem Fahrzeug, also in Fahrstellung,
• 3 Fahrmodul und Lastmodul entsprechend 1, jedoch ohne Aufbauten,
• 4 das vereinfachte Fahrmodul gemäß 3,
• 5 das Lastmodul gemäß 1, jedoch mit von einem Hauptträger abgenommener Frachtzelle,
• 6a den Hauptträger des Lastmoduls gemäß 5,
• 6b den Hauptträger entsprechend 6a, jedoch mit abgewandelter Stehvorrichtung,
• 7a eine Draufsicht auf ein Tragchassis des Fahrmoduls,
• 7b eine Abwandlung des Tragchassis gemäß 7a,
• 7c eine Abwandlung des Tragchassis gemäß 7a,
• 8a eine weitere Abwandlung des Tragchassis in der Draufsicht,
• 8b eine weitere Abwandlung des Tragchassis in der Draufsicht,
• 9 einen Querschnitt durch Tragchassis des Fahrmoduls und Hauptträger des Lastmoduls,
• 10a eine Abwandlung des Querschnitts von Fahrmodul und Lastmodul gemäß 9,
• 10b eine weitere Abwandlung des Querschnitts von Fahrmodul und Lastmodul gemäß 9.

Further features of the invention emerge from the description and from the claims. Advantageous exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:

• 1 Drive module and load module separated from each other in parking position,
• 2 Drive module and load module accordingly 1 assembled into a vehicle, i.e. in the driving position,
• 3 Drive module and load module accordingly 1 , but without superstructures,
• 4th the simplified driving module according to 3 ,
• 5 the load module according to 1 , but with the cargo cell removed from a main carrier,
• 6a the main beam of the load module according to 5 ,
• 6b the main beam accordingly 6a , but with a modified standing device,
• 7a a top view of a support chassis of the drive module,
• 7b a modification of the support chassis according to 7a ,
• 7c a modification of the support chassis according to 7a ,
• 8a another modification of the support chassis in plan view,
• 8b another modification of the support chassis in plan view,
• 9 a cross section through the chassis of the drive module and the main beam of the load module,
• 10a a modification of the cross section of the drive module and load module according to 9 ,
• 10b a further modification of the cross section of the travel module and load module according to 9 .

A preferably autonomous vehicle 20th consists of at least one driving module 21st and a load module that is placed on it 22nd . According to 1 the driving module has a four-wheeled chassis 23 , a support chassis 24 , Body structures 25th , a battery arrangement 26th as an energy store and a drive motor, not shown. Control electronics, electrical and electronic connections for connection to corresponding connections of the load module can also be present 22nd , Connection means for a fixed but detachable connection with the load module 22nd and centering means to simplify the positioning of the driving module 21st under the load module 22nd .

The wheels 23 together form a rectangular load zone, within which preferably a center of gravity of the load module 22nd on the driving module 21st rests.

The load module 22nd has a standing device 27 on, with a front, central support 28 and rear, side supports 29 , 30th . The standing device 27 includes here a T-shaped main beam 31 with rear crossbeam 32 and central longitudinal beam 33 . On the stand 27 is fixed but detachable a cargo cell 34 held. Like most other components, this is only shown schematically and can be provided as a simple cargo hold for piece goods or, for example, as a passenger cell with seats and a luggage rack. The cargo cell can 34 a floor 35 have on the standing device 27 , namely on the main beam 31 is attached.

Between cargo cell 34 and standing device 27 A coupling device (not shown) can be provided, for example a coupling plate. Accordingly, cargo cell can 34 and standing device 27 be connected directly to one another or by means of the coupling device.

The central support 28 is under a central longitudinal axis ML the cargo cell 34 positioned and in front of a central transverse axis MQ , please refer 5 .

Furthermore, on the load module 22nd control electronics, electrical and electronic connections for connection to corresponding connections of the driving module 21st , Connection means for a fixed but detachable connection with the driving module 21st and centering means for Simplification of the positioning of the load module 22nd on the driving module 21st .

The supports 28 , 29 , 30th are preferably foldable from the into the 1 , 3 , 5 , 6a , 6b vertical downward position shown in a horizontal upward position or in a relative to the horizontal inclined upward position. Both in the downward position and in the upward position, the supports should 28 , 29 , 30th be lockable.

Alternatively, the supports can be raised, telescoped or adjusted in their absolute height in some other way.

At their lower ends are the supports 28 , 29 , 30th with wider feet 36 , 37 , 38 provided, see in particular 6a . As in 6b shown can alternatively roles RL , RM be provided at the ends of the supports, here on the central support 28 and at the one in the main direction of travel (arrow 39 ) left support 30th . Besides, the foot is 36 the right support 29 in this embodiment rotatable about a vertical axis.

The role RL the left support 30th is aligned in the direction of travel, the role RM the central support 28 across the direction of travel. This allows the load module 22nd with little effort, i.e. also manually, around the right rear support 29 to be turned around. This is advantageous, for example, when putting down and picking up the load module 22nd on a right edge of the road, preferably applicable in countries with right-hand traffic. In countries with left-hand traffic it is advantageous to use the right-hand support 36 a role aligned in the direction of travel is provided.

• Das Fahrzeug mit Fahrmodul 21 und Lastmodul 22 fährt rückwärts schräg an einen rechten Fahrbahnrand heran. Die Tragstützen 28, 29, 30 werden aus der Aufwärtsstellung in ihre Abwärtsstellung bewegt. Das Fahrwerk des Fahrmoduls 21 ist verstellbar, so dass die Räder 23 relativ zum Tragchassis 24 angehoben werden. Dadurch berühren der Fuß 36 und die Rollen RL, RM den Boden und das Lastmodul 22 hebt (relativ zum Fahrmodul) ein Stück weit vom Fahrmodul 21 ab. Anschließend fährt das Fahrmodul 21 vorwärts in Richtung des Längsbalkens 33. Nachdem das Lastmodul 22 freisteht, kann es um die Tragstütze 29 bis zu einer Ausrichtung parallel zum Fahrbahnrand verschwenkt werden.
• Diese Schwenkbewegung kann manuell durchgeführt werden. Zum Aufnehmen des Lastmoduls 22 werden die genannten Schritte in umgekehrter Reihenfolge durchgeführt.

The process looks like this, for example:

• The vehicle with driving module 21st and load module 22nd drives backwards at an angle to a right edge of the road. The supports 28 , 29 , 30th are moved from the up position to their down position. The chassis of the driving module 21st is adjustable so that the wheels 23 relative to the support chassis 24 be raised. This will touch the foot 36 and the roles RL , RM the floor and the load module 22nd lifts (relative to the driving module) a little way from the driving module 21st from. The driving module then moves 21st forward in the direction of the longitudinal bar 33 . After the load module 22nd is free, it can be about the support 29 be pivoted to an alignment parallel to the edge of the road.
• This pivoting movement can be carried out manually. For holding the load module 22nd the above steps are carried out in reverse order.

The driving module 21st or the support chassis 24 and preferably also the battery arrangement 26th have a recess open to the rear of the vehicle 40 on that in the 3 , 4th , 7a , 7b , 7c is designed as a straight, longitudinally directed slot. The recess preferably extends over a third to a half of the length of the support chassis 24 . Other length ratios are also possible. In addition, the recess 40 , unlike in the figures, be conical in shape, with a narrowing width, starting from the rear of the vehicle.

The battery arrangement 26th has a similar outer circumference in the top view, also in the area of the recess, as the support chassis 24 on. However, the outer circumference of the battery arrangement is 26th compared to the outer circumference of the support chassis 24 offset slightly inwards, especially in the area of the recess 40 . This is all around the recess 40 a paragraph 41 or overhang of the support frame 24 formed, see also 9 . Through the paragraph 41 or overhang is the battery arrangement 26th better protected against mechanical stress. In addition, the longitudinal beam 33 on the heel 41 come to rest. The recess 40 is also used to hold the central day support 28 when merging the driving module 21st and load module 22nd intended.

7a shows the simplest form of support chassis in plan view 24 and battery arrangement 26th , namely a simple rectangle with a recess on the rear side. According to 7b can also have side recesses at the front and rear 42 , 43 for the wheels 23 be provided. 7c shows another variation. The support chassis points there 24 at its rear side, rearward-facing appendages 44 on which the function of side supports for the load module 22nd can have. Also can be between the processes 44 or the crossbeam resting on it 32 of the load module 22nd be provided.

8a shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG 7a . The recess 40 is at its closed end with a widening 49 provided, which has a rectangular peripheral shape. The broadening 49 facilitates maneuvering of the central day support 28 when picking up and setting down the load module 22nd .

8b shows at the closed end of the recess 40 a broadening 50 of round or elliptical shape. The broadening is also used here 50 the better manageability of the central support 28 .

10a shows a modification to 9 in the profile of the longitudinal beam 33 . This is stepped in cross-section here with an upper, wider part 45 and a lower narrow part 46 . This is on the side of the wider profile part 45 a downward paragraph 47 formed on the heel 41 can rest. If possible, the floor should be supported 35 on the battery arrangement 26th be avoided.

In the embodiment according to 10b is compared to the embodiment according to 10a additionally a side profile 48 underneath the ground 35 provided, which is on the support chassis 24 Can support the edge. This variant is particularly suitable for a load module 22nd for carrying heavy loads.

List of reference symbols

20th

vehicle

21st

Driving module

22nd

Load module

23

bikes

24

Support chassis

25th

Body structures

26th

Battery arrangement

27

Standing device

28

central support

29

rear support bracket

30th

rear support bracket

31

Main carrier

32

Transom

33

Longitudinal beam

34

Cargo cell

35

ground

36

foot

37

foot

38

foot

39

Direction of travel

40

Recess

41

paragraph

42

Recesses

43

Recesses

44

Appendages

45

wider profile part

46

narrower profile part

47

paragraph

48

lateral profiles

49

Broadening

50

Broadening

ML

Central longitudinal axis

MQ

Central transverse axis

RL

role

RM

role

Claims (18)

Vehicle (20) with drive module (21) and load module (22) that can be separated from it and with the following features: a) the driving module (21) has a chassis, a drive motor and, in particular, an energy storage device for this purpose and is provided for receiving the load module (22), b) the load module (22) has a standing device (27) with at least three support supports (28, 29, 30), namely two lateral support supports (29, 30) lying opposite one another and a central support support (28) spaced apart from an imaginary one Line which connects the two lateral supports (29, 30) with each other, c) in a driving position of the vehicle (20) the driving module (21) carries the load module (22), in a parking position the load module (22) rests on the supports (28, 29, 30), d) the travel module (21) has a recess (40) open on one side of the travel module (21), namely for the entry of the central support (28). Vehicle after Claim 1 , characterized in that the recess (40) is open to a rear side of the drive module (21). Vehicle after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the recess (40) has at least one of the following features: a) the recess (40) extends over at least a quarter of the length of the drive module (21) or over a third of the length of the load module (22), b ) the recess (40) is slot-shaped, with partially, predominantly or entirely mutually parallel edges, c) the recess (40) is partially, predominantly or entirely conical, with a narrowing width, starting from the side of the drive module (21). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the supports (28, 29, 30) from a downward position are movable, in particular liftable, foldable or telescopic in an upward position. Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that the chassis of the driving module (21) is variable in height relative to a supporting chassis (24) thereof, at least between a lower position and an upper position. Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the driving module (21) has batteries (26) as energy stores, which are partially or predominantly provided below the load module (22), in particular without the load module (22) being supported on the batteries (26). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 6th , characterized in that the travel module (21) has a support chassis (24) with lateral recesses (42, 43) for receiving parts of the chassis. Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 7th , characterized in that the travel module (21) has lateral supports or extensions (44) for delimiting a free cross section provided for the load module (22). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the load module (22) has a preferably T-shaped main beam (31), in particular with the support supports (28, 29, 30) on the crossbeams (32) and longitudinal beams (33) of the main beam (31). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the driving module (21) has paragraphs (41) on which the main beam (31) comes to rest partially. Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the recess (40) open to one side of the driving module (21) has a widening (49, 50) at a distance from this side, in particular at a closed end of the recess (40). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that one or more of the support supports (28, 29, 30) are provided with wheels, in particular two of three support supports. Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 12th , characterized in that the load module (22) and / or the driving module (21) have connection means for the fixed but detachable connection of the two modules (21, 22). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 13th , characterized in that the load module (22) and / or travel module (21) have centering means for better positioning of the load module (22) on the travel module (21). Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 14th , characterized in that the load module (22) and driving module (21) have connections for the transmission of electrical energy and / or signals. Vehicle according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 15th , characterized in that the driving module (21) is autonomous or partially autonomous driving. Load module (22) with standing device (27) and three support supports, namely with two lateral support supports (29, 30) lying opposite one another and a central support support (28) at a distance from an imaginary line, which the two lateral support supports (29, 30) connects with each other and for use with a travel module (21) with chassis and drive motor. Driving module (21) with chassis, drive motor and a recess (40) open on one side, in particular on a rear side, and for use with a load module Claim 17 .

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