DE102017215557A1 - turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

Turbocharger (1), comprising a turbine (2) for relaxing a first medium, with a compressor (3) for compressing a second medium using energy recovered in the turbine (2) upon expansion of the first medium, the turbine (2 ) comprises a turbine housing (4) and a turbine rotor (5), the compressor (3) having a compressor housing (6) and a compressor rotor (7) coupled to the turbine rotor (5) via a shaft (8), the turbine housing ( 4) and the compressor housing (6) each having a bearing housing (9) arranged between them, in which the shaft (8) is mounted, wherein an inlet (20) in the cooling space (19) of the bearing housing (9) so is aligned so that the inlet (20) a coolant jet on the compressor (3) facing the partition wall (18) of the bearing housing (9), wherein the inlet (20) is designed such that the coolant jet with respect to an axial direction and / or a radial directional ung the bearing housing (9) is inclined.

Description

The invention relates to a turbocharger.

1 shows the basic structure of a known from practice turbocharger 1 , A turbocharger 1 has a turbine 2 for the relaxation of a first medium, in particular for the relaxation of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, energy being obtained during the expansion of the first medium. Furthermore, the turbocharger includes 1 a compressor 3 for the compression of a second medium, in particular of an internal combustion engine to be supplied charge air, using the in the expansion of the first medium in the turbine 2 gained energy.

The turbine 1 has a turbine housing 4 and a turbine rotor 5 , The compressor 3 has a compressor housing 6 and a compressor rotor 7 , turbine rotor 5 and compressor rotor 7 are about a wave 8th coupled in a bearing housing 9 is stored. The bearing housing 9 is on the one hand with the turbine housing 4 and on the other hand with the compressor housing 6 connected. 1 also shows an optional silencer 10 that with the compressor housing 6 connected, being over the muffler 10 is led to be compressed charge air.

The turbine housing 4 includes an inlet housing 11 and a downstream housing 12 , About the inlet housing 11 The first medium to be relaxed becomes the turbine rotor 5 supplied, here in the radial direction. About the outflow housing 12 can from the turbine rotor 5 the relaxed first medium are discharged, here in the axial direction.

As components of the turbine housing 4 shows 1 still an insert 13 and a nozzle ring 15 , The insert 13 closes radially on the outside of rotor blades 14 of the turbine rotor 5 and limits a flow channel of the inflow housing 11 at least in sections.

The compressor housing 6 also includes an inlet housing 16 and a downstream housing 17 , About the inlet housing 16 the second medium to be compressed is the compressor rotor 7 supplied, here in the axial direction, starting from the muffler 10 , About the outflow housing 17 can from the compressor rotor 7 the condensing second medium are discharged, here in the radial direction.

The turbine housing 9 is from the compressor 3 over a partition 18 of the turbine housing 9 separated, this partition 19 a kind of completion cover of the turbine housing 9 adjacent to the compressor 3 forms. From practice it is known that one from the turbine housing 9 defined cavity 19 designed as a cooling space and flows through coolant. The coolant becomes the cavity 19 doing so via an inlet 20 fed in and over a drain 21 from the cavity 19 dissipated. So far, the effective cooling, in particular the prepares to the partition 18 adjacent compressor rotor 7 about that the cavity 19 of the bearing housing 9 flowing through cooling medium difficulties.

On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel turbocharger with improved cooling.

This object is achieved according to a first aspect by a turbocharger according to claim 1. Thereafter, an inlet is aligned in the cooling chamber of the bearing housing so that the inlet directs a coolant jet to the compressor facing the partition wall of the bearing housing, wherein the inlet is formed such that the coolant jet is inclined relative to an axial direction and / or a radial direction of the bearing housing ,

Then, if according to the first aspect of the inlet directs the coolant jet to the compressor facing the partition wall of the bearing housing and is designed so that the coolant jet is inclined with respect to the axial direction, the coolant jet through the inlet directly to the compressor facing the partition wall Directed bearing housing and thus allows effective cooling of the adjoining this partition compressor rotor via the partition of the bearing housing. Then, according to the first aspect, when the coolant jet directs the coolant jet toward the compressor facing partition of the bearing housing and is formed so that the coolant jet is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the bearing housing, a swirl in the flow of the coolant within the cooling space of the bearing housing generates, which improves the cooling in the region of the compressor-facing partition, thus enabling a more effective heat dissipation from the partition wall.

This object is achieved according to a first aspect by a turbocharger according to claim 5. After that, an inlet into the cooling space of the bearing housing is designed so that the flow cross-sectional area of the inlet is reduced in the flow direction of the coolant.

According to the second aspect, the fluid velocity of the coolant can be increased, whereby the cooling of the adjacent to the partition wall compressor wheel can be improved over the partition with constant coolant flow rate. Further, the increased fluid velocity of the coolant improves the mixing throughout the refrigerator, which also generates heat can be dissipated more effectively from modules to be cooled.

Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which both of the above aspects are used in combination with each other.

• 1: einen Querschnitt durch einen aus der Praxis bekannten Turbolader;
• 2: einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Turbolader im Bereich der Turbine des Turboladers;
• 3: ein Detail des erfindungsgemäßen Turboladers.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:

• 1 a cross section through a known from practice turbocharger;
• 2 a cross section through a turbocharger according to the invention in the region of the turbine of the turbocharger;
• 3 A detail of the turbocharger according to the invention.

The invention relates to a turbocharger.

A turbocharger 1 has a turbine 2 for the relaxation of a first medium, in particular for the relaxation of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. It also has a turbocharger 1 over a compressor 3 for compressing a second medium, in particular charge air, using in the turbine 2 Energy gained during the relaxation of the first medium.

The turbine 2 has a turbine housing 4 and a turbine rotor 5 , The compressor 3 has a compressor housing 6 and a compressor rotor 7 , The compressor rotor 7 is with the turbine rotor 5 over a wave 8th coupled in a bearing housing 9 is stored, wherein the bearing housing 9 between the turbine housing 4 and the compressor housing 5 positioned and with both the turbine housing 4 and the compressor housing 5 connected is.

The bearing housing 9 has a partition 18 , Seen in the axial direction, the bearing housing 9 from the compressor housing 6 separates.

This partition 18 limited in sections a cooling medium flowed through by coolant 19 of the bearing housing 9 , being on the opposite side, ie on the side of the compressor 3 , to this partition 18 the compressor rotor 7 connects, namely a so-called Verdichterradrücken 22 of the compressor rotor 7 ,

The fridge 19 of the bearing housing 9 is coolant via an inlet 20 fed. The present invention now relates to details of this feed 20 with the help of which the cooling through the the refrigerator 19 of the bearing housing 9 flowing coolant flow can be improved, in particular a heat dissipation from the partition 18 between bearing housing 9 and compressor housing 6 in particular heat from the compressor wheel back 22 of the compressor rotor 7 effectively dissipate.

The feed 20 for supplying the coolant into the cold room 19 of the bearing housing 9 is oriented so that the inlet 20 a coolant jet to the compressor 3 facing partition 18 of the bearing housing 9 directed. Here is the feed 20 formed such that the coolant jet with respect to the axial direction ( X Axis) and / or with respect to the radial direction ( Z -Axis) is inclined, the inlet 20 is preferably designed such that the coolant jet both with respect to the axial direction and with respect to the radial direction of the bearing housing 9 each is tilted.

Then, when the inlet 20 is formed such that the coolant jet with respect to the axial direction of the bearing housing 9 is tilted (see 3 ), the coolant jet closes with the axial direction ( X Axis) an angle α between 5 ° and 85 °, preferably between 10 ° and 80 °, more preferably between 30 ° and 60 °, a. By this inclination in the axial direction of the coolant jet through the inlet 20 directly or directly on the partition 18 between bearing housing 9 and compressor housing 6 directed.

This can then from the partition 18 Heat can be dissipated optimally, so ultimately the Verdichterradrücken 22 of the compressor rotor 7 over the partition 18 Heat can be dissipated optimally.

As already stated, the inlet is 20 preferably designed such that the over the inlet 20 in the fridge 19 of the bearing housing 9 introduced coolant jet also forms an angle with the radial direction, according to 9 the angle β, which is preferably between 5 ° and 85 °, preferably between 10 ° and 80 °, particularly preferably between 30 ° and 60 °. By this inclination of the coolant jet with respect to the radial direction ( Z -Axis) may cause a swirl of the coolant flow within the cooling space 19 be generated, which provides an improved flow over the entire partition 18 entails. Also, this can heat more effectively from the partition 18 and thus of the over the partition 18 cooled compressor wheel back 22 of the compressor rotor 7 be guided.

Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the invention, in which, like 3 can be removed, the inlet 20 is additionally designed such that there is a flow cross-sectional area of the inlet 20 seen in the flow direction of the coolant, preferably continuously decreases from an inlet-side flow cross-section A _IN in the direction of a flow exit-side flow cross-section A _AUS . This adjusts the coolant flow in the area of the inlet 20 accelerated, whereby by this increase in the flow velocity, the cooling of the flowing of the coolant flow partition 18 and thus the over this partition 18 to be cooled Verdichterradrücken 22 can be further improved. Furthermore, further advantages are achieved by increasing the fluid velocity, for example a better mixing of the entire cooling space 19 so that the cooling can be further optimized.

It is preferably provided that a ratio A _IN : A _OUT between the inlet-side cross-section A _{IN of} the inlet 20 and the exit-side cross-section A _{OUT of} the inlet 20 between 1: 0.95 and 1: 0.6, preferably between 1: 0.9 and 1: 0.7, more preferably between 1: 0.9 and 1: 0.8.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

turbocharger

2

turbine

3

compressor

4

turbine housing

5

turbine rotor

6

compressor housing

7

compressor rotor

8th

wave

9

bearing housing

10

silencer

11

Turbine inlet flow

12

Turbine outflow housing

13

insert

14

blade

15

nozzle ring

16

Compressor inlet flow

17

Compressor-outflow housing

18

partition wall

19

cavity

20

Intake

21

procedure

22

Verdichterradrücken

Claims (7)

Turbocharger (1), comprising a turbine (2) for relaxing a first medium, with a compressor (3) for compressing a second medium using energy recovered in the turbine (2) upon expansion of the first medium, the turbine (2 ) comprises a turbine housing (4) and a turbine rotor (5), the compressor (3) having a compressor housing (6) and a compressor rotor (7) coupled to the turbine rotor (5) via a shaft (8), the turbine housing ( 4) and the compressor housing (6) in each case with a bearing housing (9) arranged between them, in which the shaft (8) is mounted, wherein the bearing housing (9) has a housing wall (18) facing the compressor (3) , which partially delimits a cooling space (19) of the bearing housing (9) through which a coolant flows, characterized in that an inlet (20) into the cooling space (19) of the bearing housing (9) is aligned so that the inlet (20) has a coolant The inlet (20) is designed such that the coolant jet with respect to an axial direction (X) and / or a radial direction (Z) of the bearing housing ( 9) is inclined. Turbocharger after Claim 1 , characterized in that the inlet (20) is formed such that the coolant jet with the axial direction (X) an angle (a) between 5 ° and 85 °, preferably between 10 ° and 80 °, particularly preferably between 30 ° and 60 °. Turbocharger after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the inlet (20) is formed such that the coolant jet with the radial direction (Z) an angle (β) between 5 ° and 85 °, preferably between 10 ° and 80 °, particularly preferably between 30 ° and 60 °. Turbocharger after one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized by the same in the sense of one of Claims 5 to 7 is trained. Turbocharger (1), comprising a turbine (2) for relaxing a first medium, with a compressor (3) for compressing a second medium using energy recovered in the turbine (2) upon expansion of the first medium, the turbine (2 ) has a turbine housing (4) and a turbine rotor (5), wherein the compressor (3) comprises a compressor housing (6) and a compressor rotor (7) coupled to the turbine rotor (5) via a shaft (8), the turbine housing (4) and the compressor housing (6) each arranged with one therebetween Bearing housing (9) in which the shaft (8) is mounted, are connected, wherein the bearing housing (9) facing the compressor (3) housing wall (18), which flows through a coolant through a cooling chamber (19) of the bearing housing ( 9) is limited in sections, characterized in that an inlet (20) in the cooling space (19) of the bearing housing (9) is formed so as to reduce a flow cross-sectional area of the inlet (20) seen in the flow direction of the coolant. Turbocharger after Claim 5 , characterized in that the flow cross-sectional area of the inlet (20) seen in the flow direction of the coolant decreases continuously. Turbocharger after Claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that as seen at the flow cross-sectional area of the inlet (20) in the flow direction of the coolant, a ratio (A _IN : A _OUT ) between an inlet-side flow cross-section (A _IN ) of the inlet (20) and an outlet-side flow cross section ( A _OUT ) of the feed (20) is between 1: 0.95 and 1: 0.6, preferably between 1: 0.9 and 1: 0.7, more preferably between 1: 0.9 and 1: 0.8.

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