DE102017214161A1 - FAST FOR AN AGRICULTURAL MACHINE AND HARDWARE WITH SUCH A SHARP - Google Patents

Abstract

There is disclosed a coulter (10) for an agricultural machine (12), in particular for an agricultural tillage machine (12), comprising at least the following components. Thus, the share comprises a first region (16) having a cutting edge (14) and a running surface (18), a second region (20) adjoining the first region (16) and formed by a cavity, 20) and subsequent fastening devices (22) having third region (26), and a fourth, the third region (26) adjoining or at least partially overlapping loosening region (28) .This is a share (10) for an agricultural machine available provided, by means of which, on the one hand, a dimensionally stable furrow can be produced, and by means of which, on the other hand, sufficient fine earth can be produced. In addition, the soil compaction caused by the blade (10) should be kept as low as possible, which is why it is provided that at least one cutting blade (30) adjustable in height is associated with the loosening region (28).

Description

The present invention relates to a coulter for an agricultural machine having the features of independent claim 1.

Shares for agricultural tillage are known in the most varied variants for many years from the prior art. By means of such coulters one acreage should be loosened or broken up in order to mix crop residues with soil and aerate the soil.

Numerous embodiments of a family are known in the prior art. The DE 20 2014 010 340 U1 and the DE 10 2013 102 420 A1 reveal a crowd or a tool combination with a crowd. The share comprises a base part which has a cutting edge on a cutter carrier. By means of suitable fastening means, the base part to a support, in particular to a tine, are attached. Furthermore, guide elements and cross members in the form of coulter blades are provided on the coulter handle.

Another tillage team goes from the European patent application with the official file number EP 16166003.0 out. By means of the group described herein, a deep but not mixing tillage or loosening of the arable area is to be achieved, for which purpose the tillage group or a tillage group has a maximum width which corresponds to between the single and the maximum double measure of a tine this is mounted.

The tillage blades known from the prior art are used in conventional agricultural machines. However, in order to optimize the conditions for the respective crops such as cereals, vegetables, maize or the like, more and more so-called "dam cultures" and "dam cultivation" are spreading. In such "dam cultures" first dams are pulled into a field by means of appropriate soil cultivation coulters or by various agricultural machinery, in which Dammkuppen or Dammkronen then the respective crop plant is sown. This can be done both with a machine in a single operation but also with multiple machines in several successive operations. For this purpose, it is necessary to again exactly detect the position of the dam or to follow exactly the course of the dam. In order to guarantee this, camera systems and steering systems have hitherto been installed on the agricultural machines, but these are relatively complicated and cost-intensive. Another way to follow the course of the dam is to draw into the dam valleys by means of special soil cultivation coulters deep furrows, which can be detected with the mounted on a subsequent machine droves again. Thus, if the same coulters are used again on all machines in the same line spacing, camera or steering systems can thus be dispensed with.

However, in order to ensure this "recovery" or this "recapture" of the respective furrow sure, these furrows must be shaped accordingly and they must be permanently present in the arable land. Likewise, however, enough coarse soil must be able to be generated by means of the coulter in order to be able to generate appropriate dams.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a crowd for an agricultural machine, by means of which on the one hand, a dimensionally stable furrow can be generated, and by means of which on the other enough fine soil is produced; In addition, caused by the crowd soil compaction should be kept as low as possible.

These objects of the invention are achieved by a family with the features of independent claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are described in the respective dependent claims.

In order to achieve the stated objects, the invention proposes a coulter for use in an agricultural machine, in particular for use in an agricultural tillage machine. For the desired processing of a soil, the coulter initially has a first region, which first region is assigned a cutting edge in its front end. At the cutting edge includes a running obliquely from the front bottom to the rear top (seen in the machining direction of the coulter or the agricultural tillage machine) extending tread, along which running surface in each case the field soil slides accordingly.

A second region adjoins the first region, which second region is formed in particular by a cavity. The cavity serves in particular to keep as low as possible caused by the crowd soil compaction. During fieldwork, this cavity is correspondingly grounded, which in turn allows soil to slide along this area. However, that will not work processed arable soil is not compressed, since the resulting compaction force can be kept very low by the earth in the cavity.

The second area is in turn followed by a third area. In particular, the third area has fastening devices by means of which the share can be attached to a tine or to another element of an agricultural machine. As fastening devices, for example, openings may be present, in each of which screws can be mounted. But other fasteners or fastening devices are conceivable.

At the rear end of the share, a fourth area may also be connected or overlapping the second and / or the third area. The fourth area serves as a loosening area, for which purpose this is assigned, in particular, to a cutting blade which is adjustable at its height, for example in relation to the cutting edge. The thus loosened soil can then be piled up to a dam, the size and shape of the dam depends in particular on the amount of fine soil or on loose soil, which is generated by means of the cutting blade. If the cutting blade is in a large (vertical) height difference to the cutting edge, less arable soil is loosened and only small dams can be created. Conversely, it behaves when the (vertical) height difference is small, as thus much arable land is loosened, which is why the dams thus produced can be made large, which can optionally be additionally influenced by the respective working depth of the coulter.

In order to cut through the field surface as large as possible by means of the cutting blade, so as to eliminate, for example, weeds or the like., In a preferred embodiment, the cutting blade has at least twice the width of the cutting edge width.

In addition, in order to produce by means of the cutting knife sufficiently loosened soil soil, this in an angular range between 5 ° and 25 °, in particular in an angle range between 10 ° and 20 ° but preferably at an angle of 15 ° obliquely extending from the front bottom to the rear top aligned, wherein these skew angles may relate to a horizontal or to a ground surface.

In addition, the tread adjoining the cutting edge is again oriented obliquely from the front bottom to the rear top, this angle range is between 20 ° and 60 °, but in particular in an angular range between 30 ° and 50 °, preferably corresponds to an angle of 40 ° in turn, these skew angles may relate in particular to a horizontal or to a ground surface.

The height-adjustable cutting blade may be mounted in recesses provided therefor on the blade, wherein the distance between the cutting edge and the cutting blade in a first position is less than or equal to a value of about 70mm, and wherein the distance in a second position is less than or equal to a value is about 120mm, although other distance dimensions would be conceivable.

The crowd can be made of cast material as well as forging material as well as sheet metal construction. In particular, this can be composed of a left and a right side part as well as between each ersteckenden, the running surface, the fastening devices and the cutting blade forming intermediate plates, wherein in each case between the side parts and the intermediate plates cavities can be formed. In particular, a cavity can again form in the lower region of the coulter and then on the cutting edge. This cavity has the advantage that in turn the soil compaction can be kept low and also forms a kind of dam in the furrow, which in turn ensures good lateral guidance of the coulter. In particular, this type of furrow is advantageous for subsequent work steps, since the respective coulters can each be guided along this furrow and can be "recovered" or "re-detected" by subsequent coulters, which in turn are attached to the agricultural machines. Thus, by such a formation of furrows on costly camera systems and steering systems can be largely dispensed with.

In another embodiment, the family may be constructed as described by the European patent application Ser EP16166003.0 is described. The content of this application is expressly to be included in this application.

In order to vary the respective position of the cutting blade quickly and to be able to change the cutting blade quickly, it is provided to connect the cutting blade by means of a tongue and groove connection with the Scharköper. That At the back of the cutting blade, a cutout can be provided, in which cutout a blocking element protrudes, wherein the blocking element is in turn secured by means of a fuse, for example, in the form of a screw.

In order to keep the wear on the crowd as low as possible, in addition, at least the cutting edge can be equipped or equipped with a wear-resistant material; Also, the cutting blade can be at least partially equipped with a wear-resistant material.

The flock is used in particular in a coulter system, which coulter system is in turn grown on an agricultural machine. The coulter system hereby comprises the coulter according to the invention and a tine handle on which the coulter is mounted in each case. The tine handle may in turn be connected to a frame construction of an agricultural machine. Likewise, various other elements may be added to the tine handle and / or the share below, such as, for example, dam cutting elements or round or damming jammers or the like. Elements that are required for the respective tillage.

• 1A zeigt eine Perspektivansicht eines Schars mit einem Schneidmesser, welches in einem geringen Abstand zur Schneidkante angebracht ist.
• 1B zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Schars gemäß 1A.
• 1C zeigt eine Perspektivansicht eines Schars mit einem Schneidmesser, welches in einem erhöhten Abstand zur Schneidkante angebracht ist.
• 1D zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Schars gemäß 1C.
• 1E zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Schars mit einem wechselbaren Schneidmesser.
• 1F zeigt eine Schnittansicht des Schars gemäß 1A.
• 2A und 2B zeigen eine landwirtschaftliche Maschine mit Scharsystemen.
• 3A und 3B zeigen eine landwirtschaftliche Maschine mit Scharsystemen und Damm-Häufel-Elementen.
• 4A und 4B zeigen eine landwirtschaftliche Maschine mit Scharsystemen und Dammschneidelementen.

In the following, embodiments of the invention and their advantages with reference to the accompanying figures will be explained in more detail. The proportions of the individual elements to one another in the figures do not always correspond to the actual size ratios, since some shapes are simplified and other shapes are shown enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration.

• 1A shows a perspective view of a share with a cutting blade, which is mounted at a small distance from the cutting edge.
• 1B shows a side view of the share according to 1A ,
• 1C shows a perspective view of a share with a cutting blade, which is mounted at an increased distance from the cutting edge.
• 1D shows a side view of the share according to 1C ,
• 1E shows an exploded view of a share with a removable cutting blade.
• 1F shows a sectional view of the coulter according to 1A ,
• 2A and 2 B show an agricultural machine with Scharsystemen.
• 3A and 3B show an agricultural machine with Scharsystemen and dam-riddle elements.
• 4A and 4B show an agricultural machine with Scharsystemen and dam cutting elements.

For the same or equivalent elements of the invention are in the 1A to 4B in each case identical reference numerals used. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only reference symbols are shown in the individual figures, which are required for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated embodiments are merely examples of how the coulter of the invention may be configured and are not an exhaustive limitation.

A variant of a crowd of the invention 10 for use in an agricultural machine 12 goes out of the 1A to 1F out. At the front end of the coulter 10 this first has a cutting edge 14 on, to which a sloping tread 18 joined; the cutting edge 14 and the tread 18 thus form a first area 16 ,

At the first area 16 closes against a feed direction of the coulter 10 a second area 20 on, which second area 20 is formed in particular by a cavity. To the second area 20 closes again (contrary to the feed direction of the coulter 10 ) a third area 26 at. The third area 26 has in particular fastening devices 22 on, by means of which the crowd 10 to a tine or Scharstiel 24 or another element of an agricultural machine 10 can be grown (see. 2A to 4B) , As fastening devices 22 For example, openings may be present in which screws can be mounted in each case.

At the rear end of the Schars 10 can also be a fourth area 28 subsequently, or to the second and / or the third area 26 be overlapping attached. The fourth area 28 serves as a loosening area, for which this one in particular at its height B, for example. With respect to the cutting edge 14 , adjustable cutting blade 30 assigned. The thus loosened soil can then be piled up into a dam, the size and shape of the dam being particularly dependent on the amount of soil that is left by the cutting blade 30 is produced. That is, the cutting blade is located 30 in a big height difference B to the cutting edge 14 , little arable soil is loosened, and small dams are created (cf. 1C and 1D) , Conversely, it behaves when the height difference B is small; thus much arable land is loosened and the dams thus produced can each be made large (see FIG. 1A and 1B) ,

In addition, by means of the cutting knife 30 produce sufficiently loose soil, this in an angular range between 5 ° and 25 °, in particular in an angular range between 10 ° and 20 ° but preferably at an angle of 15 ° obliquely aligned from the front bottom to the rear top. These angles relate to a horizontal or to a bottom surface of a soil soil section.

In addition, the one to the cutting edge 14 subsequent tread 18 in turn obliquely oriented from the front bottom to the rear top, said angle range is between 20 ° and 60 °, but in particular in an angular range between 30 ° and 50 °, preferably corresponds to an angle of 40 °. These angle data again relate to a horizontal or to a bottom surface of a soil soil section.

The height-adjustable cutting blade 30 can in designated recesses 32 in the crowd 10 be mounted, wherein the distance B between the cutting edge 14 and the cutting knife 30 or a cutting edge 38 of the cutting blade 30 in a first position is less than or equal to 70mm, and wherein the distance B in a second position is less than or equal to 120mm, although other distance dimensions would be conceivable.

The crowd 10 sits down in accordance with the 1A to 1F from a left and a right side part 40 as well as inbetween the tread 18 and the fastening devices 22 and the cutting knife 30 forming intermediate sheets together. Taking each other between the side panels 40 and form the intermediate plates cavities. In particular, can be at the bottom of the coulter 10 and then to the cutting edge 14 again form a cavity. In addition, the cutting edge 14 a (vertical) distance A to the lower edge of the side parts 40 on; This has the advantage that with the side panels 40 each good lateral guidance is achieved, the ground below the crowd 10 but not compressed.

To the respective position of the cutting blade 30 It is planned to change quickly, the cutting knife 30 To connect by means of a tongue and groove connection with the Scharköper. That is, at the back of the cutting blade, a cutout may be provided, in which cutout a blocking element 34 protrudes, wherein the blocking element 34 again by means of a fuse 36 For example, in the form of a screw or the like can be secured.

Embodiments of agricultural machinery 12 in which the crowd according to the invention 10 Can use, go out of the 2A to 4B out. The machines 12 each have a frame construction 44 on, on which the respective components can be grown. For depth guidance of the agricultural machine 12 this is a support wheel 42 assigned, and for connecting the machine with a towing vehicle, not shown here in each case a connecting device 46 in the form of a so-called. Three-point hitch, in which case also other connecting devices 46 how, for example, a drawbar or towing eye or the like. Would be conceivable.

The coulters 10 are each attached to a tine handle 24 mounted, which tine stems 24 again at regular intervals to each other on the frame construction 44 are grown. According to the 2A and 2 B are the pronged stem 24 or the crowd 10 no further elements downstream.

By contrast, the agricultural machine 12 of the 3A and 3B so-called dam-hunters 52 assigned. These dam-hunters 52 serve to form dams from the loosened soil.

At the agricultural machine 12 according to the 4A and 4B were accordingly so-called dam cutters 48 grown. By means of this, a previously applied embankment can be correspondingly scraped off at its surface, thus removing weeds or the like from the dam, for which purpose it is cultivated at an angle to the tine handle, and for which this additionally at its rear end round steels 50 so as not to damage crops located on the dam crown.

The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or changes may be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

crowd

12

Agricultural machine

14

cutting edge

16

first area

18

tread

20

second area

22

fastening device

24

zinc handle

26

third area

28

fourth area, relaxation area

30

cutting blade

32

recess

34

blocking element

36

fuse

38

cutting edge

40

side panel

42

stabilizer

44

frame construction

46

connecting device

48

Damm Schneider

50

Round steel

52

Damm-listers

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202014010340 U1 [0003]
• DE 102013102420 A1 [0003]
• EP 16166003 [0004, 0018]

Claims (10)

A blade (10) for an agricultural machine (12), in particular for an agricultural tillage machine (12), comprising at least: - a first area (16) having a cutting edge (14) and a tread (18), - one to which first region (16) adjoining the second region (20) formed by a cavity, - a third region (26) adjoining the second region (20) and having fastening devices (22), - and a fourth, to the third region ( 26) adjoining this or at least partially overlapping loosening region (28), characterized in that the loosening region (28) at least one in its height and / or with respect to a height of the loosening region (28) and / or with respect to the cutting edge (14 ) is associated with adjustable cutting blade (30). Crowd (10) to Claim 1 , characterized in that the cutting blade (30) has at least twice a width of the cutting edge (14). Crowd (10) to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the cutting blade (30) in an angular range between 5 ° and 25 °, in particular in an angular range between 10 ° and 20 °, but preferably at an angle of about 15 ° obliquely with respect to a horizontal and / or in Regarding a ground surface is aligned. Crowd (10) to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the running surface (18) in an angular range between 20 ° and 60 °, in particular in an angular range between 30 ° and 50 °, but preferably at an angle of 40 ° obliquely to a horizontal and / or with respect to a Ground surface is aligned. A set (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a particular vertical distance (B) between the cutting edge (14) of the first region (16) and the cutting blade (30) of the fourth loosening region (28) in a first position is less than or equal to 70mm, and that the particular vertical distance (B) in a second position is less than or equal to 120mm. A set (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a left and a right side part (40) and the running surface (18), the fastening devices (22) and the cutting blade (30), wherein the between the tread (18) located on the left and right side part (40), fastening devices (22) and cutting blade (30) each form intermediate plates, and in each case cavities are formed between the side parts (40) and the intermediate plates. A set (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting blade (30) is connected to the share (10) by means of a tongue and groove connection or is detachably connectable. A set (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting blade (30) is associated with a cutout, into which cutout a blocking element (34) protrudes. A set (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting edge (14) is equipped with a wear-resistant material or material insert. Sharing system for use in an agricultural machine (12) with at least one share (10) according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9 and a tine handle (24).

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