DE102017200624A1 - Heat exchanger device for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, and vehicle with such a heat exchanger device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger device (3) for a vehicle (1), comprising at least one cover layer (20, 21) spaced apart from one another and a stiffening rib connected between the cover layers (20, 21) and the cover layers (20, 21) (23) comprising the core element (22) comprising a sandwich structure (19), through which at least one of at least one medium to be tempered through-flow heat exchanger (9) is formed, of which by means of the heat exchanger (9) to be tempered medium through-flow channels (24) respectively are limited at least partially by the stiffening ribs (23).

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger device for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, as well as a vehicle with such a heat exchanger device.

Heat exchangers are already well known from the general state of the art and in particular from series production. Such a heat exchanger is used, for example, in a vehicle designed in particular as a motor vehicle, which is designed, in particular, as a motor vehicle and, for example, as a passenger car. The heat exchanger is usually flowed through by a first medium and can be flowed around or through by a second medium, so that a heat exchange between the media can take place via the heat exchanger. This allows the tempered, that is cooled and / or heated. If the first medium is cooled, for example by means of the heat exchanger, then the heat exchanger is designed as a cooler or cooling device. Such a heat exchanger is used in particular as a cooler in an air conditioning system, wherein the first medium is a refrigerant. In this case, the heat exchanger is designed for example as a gas cooler or as a condenser, by means of which a condensation of the refrigerant can be effected. If the heat exchanger is designed, for example, to cool the first medium, the heat exchanger, in particular in a circuit through which the first medium can flow, is a heat sink and is usually referred to as a cooler.

Object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger device and a vehicle, so that a particularly advantageous heat exchange in space and weight-favorable manner can be realized.

This object is achieved by a heat exchanger device with the features of claim 1 and by a vehicle having the features of claim 15. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a heat exchanger device for a vehicle, which is designed, for example, as a motor vehicle, in particular as a motor vehicle and preferably as a passenger car. The heat exchanger device comprises at least one sandwich structure, which comprises two spaced cover layers and a core element, which is also referred to as a core. The core element is arranged between the cover layers and connected to the cover layers, the core element having stiffening ribs. By the sandwich structure at least one of at least one medium to be tempered medium flow-through heat exchanger is formed, which can be at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, bounded by the stiffening ribs or formed by the medium to be tempered by the heat exchanger medium channels.

According to the invention a functional integration is thus provided, since the sandwich structure is not only used as a particularly advantageous, space and weight-favorable and at the same time a particularly high rigidity exhibiting component for the vehicle, but also as a heat exchanger, by means of which, for example, as a fluid, in particular as gas or Liquid, formed and tempered, for example, acting as a heat transfer medium medium, that is cooled and / or can be heated. Thus, by means of the heat exchanger device according to the invention, a particularly advantageous heat exchange between the medium and, for example, at least one second medium can be realized via the sandwich structure or via the heat exchanger so that the first medium and / or the particularly second medium can advantageously be tempered.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger device comprises at least one channel element, by which at least one air channel through which air can flow is defined. The air is, for example, the aforementioned second medium, by means of which the first medium tempered by the sandwich structure, in particular cooled, can be. In this case, at least a portion of the sandwich structure can be flowed around and / or flowed through by the air flowing through the air duct.

In this case, it is provided, for example, that at least the partial region of the sandwich structure delimits at least a partial or longitudinal region of the air channel. By this embodiment, a particularly effective and efficient temperature control of the first medium can be realized.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the air duct has at least one flow-through opening through which the air can flow, via which the air duct is fluidically connected to the surroundings of the channel element. For example, the cooling channel is fluidly connected via the throughflow opening to the surroundings of the heat exchanger device, in particular of the vehicle as a whole. The flow-through opening is, for example, an inlet opening or an air inlet, via which or the air can flow into the air channel. Furthermore, can the flow-through opening is an outlet opening and thus an air outlet, via which or the air flowing through the air duct can flow out of the air channel. Thus, the previous and following versions of the flow-through are readily transferable from the air inlet and on the air outlet and vice versa. By way of example, the sandwich structure or the heat exchanger can be supplied with the air in a particularly advantageous manner via the flow-through opening, so that a particularly advantageous and particularly space-saving and weight-favorable and aerodynamically particularly advantageous air flow and, as a consequence, temperature control of the first medium can be realized.

In order to realize a particularly weight- and tree space-favorable heat exchange, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that at least a part of the channel element is designed as a at least a portion of the air duct limiting body member of the body of the vehicle.

In order to be able to realize a particularly advantageous aerodynamics of the vehicle, it is preferably provided that the flow opening directly adjacent to the part, in particular to the body member. By using the already provided body element for at least partially limiting the air channel and thus for guiding the air channel flowing through the air and by the described arrangement of the flow opening of the space requirement of the heat exchanger device can be kept particularly low. In addition, an advantageous with respect to the aerodynamics of the vehicle arrangement of the heat exchanger device can be realized, so that a particularly advantageous aerodynamics, in particular a particularly low air resistance of the vehicle can be realized. As a result, for example, the driving resistance can be kept low, so that the vehicle, for example, particularly low energy consumption and thus operated with low CO ₂ emissions, in particular driven, can be. In addition, a functional integration of cooling air flow and aerodynamic flow can be realized. In other words, the air duct or the air flowing through the air duct can have a dual function. On the one hand, the air duct is used to selectively supply the air flowing through the air duct to the sandwich structure. As a result, the air flowing through the air duct and the sandwich structure or the heat exchanger on and / or flowing air is used as Temperierluft or Temperierluftstrom to realize a particularly advantageous temperature, in particular heating and / or cooling of the first medium. On the other hand, an aerodynamically particularly favorable guidance of the air channel flowing through the air can be realized by the described configuration of the heat exchanger device, so that a particularly advantageous aerodynamics of the vehicle can be represented.

The invention is aimed in particular at the heat exchanger of the heat exchanger device formed or functioning as a cooler and thus as a heat sink or as a heating device and thus a heat source and formed by the sandwich structure. If the heat exchanger is used, for example, as a cooler for cooling the first medium, then the heat exchanger device is designed, for example, as a cooling device, which is also referred to as a cooling system. The heat exchanger device, in particular the cooling system, can be used, for example, in vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks, work driving machines such as excavators, watercraft and aircraft. In principle, the heat exchanger device, in particular the cooling system, can also be used for an at least temporarily or temporarily stationary application, such as for a work machine, production analysis, building air conditioning or cooling of industrial plants, and can be used as part of an energy management system, in particular a thermal management system. to be used for example for cooling and / or drying purposes.

In vehicles, in particular in motor vehicles, conventional heat exchangers, in particular cooling systems, are used, for example. Such a conventional heat exchanger device, which is usually used as a cooling system, usually comprises a cooler package which is arranged at the front of the vehicle and, in particular during a forward travel of the vehicle, is flowed through or through air. Furthermore, the coolant pack can be flowed through by a coolant, in particular by a cooling fluid, so that the coolant is cooled by means of the cooler pack. The coolant is, for example, the aforementioned first medium. Usually, the coolant can flow through at least one component of the vehicle, wherein a heat transfer from the at least one component takes place to the coolant. As a result, the at least one component is cooled, and the coolant is heated. By means of the cooler pact, the coolant can then be cooled again, since, for example, heat can be transferred from the coolant via the cooler pack to the air circulating or flowing through the cooler pack. In particular, the cooler package used to exhaust combustion engine and / or electromotive waste heat and / or dissipated in a fuel cell or provided by such a fuel cell waste heat, thus for example to cool an internal combustion engine and / or an electric machine and / or a fuel cell of the vehicle. Also of interest are those, for example, designed as cooling systems heat exchanger devices in which the said cooling pacemaker acting as a cooling air flow is serially and / or in parallel by a number of coolers, especially finned radiators, performed, for example by means of a two-phase refrigeration cycle system or a Hybrid drive to dissipate waste heat from the respective vehicle. For example, at least one of the coolers of the cooler package may be formed as a condenser, for example, to cool the refrigerant formed as a refrigerant and thereby cause a condensation and thus, for example, a phase transition of the refrigerant.

In the prior art, air-flow or air-flow finned heat exchangers are thus available in the region of the front of the respective vehicle as heat sinks of the respective cooling system. Also known are longitudinally laminated plate heat exchanger, which act as a large area along flowed underfloor cooler.

The conventionally used in the art heat exchanger devices are due to the there provided arrangement of the respective heat exchanger and the air duct aerodynamically disadvantageous because they require aerodynamically relevant, large ram air inlet cross-sections, in particular by the flow through additional, outsourced radiator in the front of the vehicle. This also applies to a greater extent to the operation of Niedertemperartur cooling circuits, which are used for example for cooling of electric machine, hybrid powertrains and / or fuel cells.

In driving conditions with - possibly briefly dynamically - high waste heat loads, a cooling capacity reserve of a conventional, designed for example as a cooling system heat exchanger device is no longer due to a limitation of, for example, used as cooling air mass flow air for heat dissipation. Thus, such a conventional cooling system is at least temporarily overloaded, so that the driving performance of the vehicle and / or air conditioning of the interior of the vehicle must be at least limited. An additional increased waste heat accumulation, in particular as a result of operation of waste heat utilization systems, with the aid of which, for example, advantageously the CO ₂ emissions can be reduced, can thus no longer be dissipated to a sufficient extent. Such a waste heat utilization system includes, for example, an adsorption plant which is operated with waste heat of exhaust gas provided by an internal combustion engine for driving the vehicle. The problem and disadvantages referred to in the prior art can now be avoided by means of the heat exchanger device according to the invention, since a particularly small space requirement and an aerodynamically advantageous arrangement and design of the heat exchanger device can be realized.

In particular, it is proposed within the scope of the invention to use the heat exchanger formed, for example, as a cooler or condenser as a further air-flowed or heat-exchanged heat exchanger, which is used, for example, outside or in addition to a conventionally provided, in particular at the front of the vehicle arranged cooler package and / or in addition to a conventional front air mass flow is flowed through and / or flows around its own air flow, which is formed by the air channel flowing through the air.

In the context of the invention, for example, it is further proposed to guide the above-mentioned, own and, for example, additional air flow in the air duct assigned to the air flow and thus its own air duct and thereby favorably lower the air duct for the aerodynamic driving resistance of the vehicle into the vehicle, in particular in its body, to integrate. For this purpose, it is preferably provided that - as will be explained in more detail below - the flow opening, for example, in an advantageous pressure range of an outer contour of the vehicle, in particular the body is arranged, so in this pressure range, especially during forward travel of the vehicle, an advantageous pressure prevails, for example, which supports or causes the introduction of air into the air duct and / or the discharge of air from the air duct.

Further, it is proposed, for example, within the scope of the invention to functionally integrate the air duct provided, for example, by the load-bearing or self-supporting body, in particular by its structure, and thus with the aid of at least one already existing component forming an aerodynamic vehicle flow, in particular an air flow component. In other words, it is thus provided, for example, that at least the part of the channel element is integrated into the body as the body element, so that at least the said portion of the air duct is delimited by the body element.

It is preferably provided that the sandwich structure is part of the body element, so that the body element is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, formed by the sandwich structure. As a result, the space requirements, the weight and the cost can be kept particularly low, at the same time a particularly efficient and effective heat exchange can be realized.

The invention is further based on the finding that, in addition, sandwich structures with double-walled area elements and distance-forming, planar formations of stiffening ribs or stiffening slopes are known, which can be produced from a large number of materials. The respective cover layer and / or the core element is in this case made, for example, of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, of a fiber-reinforced plastic and / or of another material, wherein the fiber-reinforced plastic comprises, for example, glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or other fibers as reinforcing fibers and thus For example, as a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) or as a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) may be formed. Such sandwich structures are widely used as highly deformation-resistant lightweight structures in vehicle construction and in particular in aviation, in the automotive industry and in special construction and are also internationally known as honeycomb or honeycomb structure due to a hexagonal honeycomb often structure of the stiffening ribs. It is also known that a plurality of cavities of the sandwich structure is formed, for example, by the stiffening ribs arranged, for example, in the form of a lattice. The cavities are formed, for example, honeycomb or hexagonal. The cavities of the sandwich structure, in particular of the core element, can be fluidly connected to one another, for example via respective openings in the stiffening ribs. In this way, for example, a gas pressure in the formed, for example, as honeycomb cavities be adapted to the ambient pressure, since, for example, a pressure equalization between the environment and the cavities can be done. As a result, the sandwich structure is formed as an open structure. Also, such an open structure is used as a double-walled tank wall. The tank wall is for example part of a tank for receiving a fuel, in particular a liquid fuel, for operating the aforementioned internal combustion engine. From the tank wall formed by the open structure, for example, leakage fuel can be selectively discharged into an intermediate space to the outside, so that such leakage becomes obvious and can be detected quickly.

Also, the arrangement of the stiffening ribs, in particular with regard to the shape, position and size of the cavities or honeycomb freely designable. Usually, the arrangement of the stiffening ribs to increase the mechanical bending stiffness by any bending axes, which are in particular in a plane formed by the sandwich structure, as well as manufacturing technology optimized. Also sandwich structures can be made not only flat, but one or two axes deformed, for example, each formed by the outer layers outer surfaces due to the stiffening ribs extend equidistant. Also, in a special construction, a respective height of the stiffening ribs in the extension of the sandwich structure may vary, so that the cover layers or the outer surfaces do not run equidistantly or not parallel to one another. Usually, sandwich structures in cover layers or from cover layer to cover layer have a comparatively very low component heat conductivity due to the spaced arrangement of the cover layers by the vertical stiffening ribs. This sandwich structures in the vehicle occupy space, which could actually be configured as a channel, in particular as an air duct, between the two opposite outer layers or surfaces, but this is blocked by the stiffening ribs conventionally used.

According to the invention, however, it is now provided that the stiffening ribs are designed such that they form respective channels or channel elements, which can be flowed through by said first medium to be tempered, which is designed, for example, as a fluid, in particular as a liquid or gas. As a result, the sandwich structure, in particular the core element, can be used as a heat exchanger for tempering, in particular for cooling, of the medium. In particular, it is conceivable that the heat exchanger is designed as a capacitor, by means of which a condensation of the first medium can be effected. In other words, the heat exchanger can be used as a condenser for condensing the first medium. According to the invention, an intermediate space arranged between the cover layers, in which the core element is arranged, is used to guide the first medium to be tempered through the intermediate space, wherein the reinforcing ribs form channel elements by means of which the first medium can be passed through the intermediate space particularly advantageously ,

The second medium used for tempering the first medium can, for example, flow on and around at least one of the cover layers. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable, for example, that the first to be tempered by the Medium permeable and formed by the stiffening ribs or limited channels first channels of the sandwich structure or the heat exchanger are. In this case, for example, the stiffening ribs form or delimit second channels through which the second medium can flow. For example, the second channels are fluidly separated from the first channels, so that the media does not mix. Then, for example, via the stiffening ribs a particularly efficient and effective heat exchange between the media take place, so that the first medium and / or the second medium can be tempered particularly advantageous. For example, via the stiffening ribs and optionally via at least one of the cover layers, a heat transfer from the first medium to be tempered to the further medium, whereby the first medium is cooled and the other medium is heated. If, for example, both media can flow through the sandwich structure, since the first channels formed by the reinforcing ribs can be flowed through by the second medium and the second channels formed by the reinforcing ribs can flow through the second medium, a particularly advantageous heat exchange between the media can take place via the reinforcing ribs However, an excessive heat exchange between the media and the environment of the sandwich structure over the cover layers is omitted and avoided by the cover layers, since they have, for example, only a low thermal conductivity. In particular, it is conceivable to use an alternating filling with media of very different thermal conductivity for the design of a switchable thermal insulation.

For example, the body element as an integral part of the body, in particular a shell of the body formed. Further, it is conceivable that the body member is held on the shell and thus, for example, is a mounted on the shell attachment. In particular, it is conceivable that the body element is a fender, a door, in particular a side door, a wheel arch, a roof, a tailgate, a rear end, a rear apron, a floor covering, a spoiler or another body element, so that, for example, acts as a radiator Heat exchanger as fender radiator, as door radiator, in particular as side door radiator, as Radhaus radiator, as a roof radiator, as a flap radiator, especially as a tailgate cooler, as a rear-side radiator, as a rear apron cooler, as a floor covering Cooler is designed as a spoiler cooler or as another cooler or condenser or heat exchanger.

As aerodynamic particularly advantageous has been shown, however, when the body member is designed as a front hood, in particular as a bonnet. The front hood, for example, at least indirectly to the aforementioned shell, movable, in particular pivotable, held and is held at the front or in a front region of the example of a motor vehicle, especially as a passenger car, trained vehicle.

It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the air duct has a running height in the vehicle height, which is less than or equal to a vehicle vertical direction extending height arranged in the vehicle vertical direction between the front hood and arranged in the vehicle vertical direction below the front hood component of the vehicle, provided for pedestrian protection purposes Freiraums is. Here, the air duct is formed, for example, as a planar air duct, extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle height, which is also referred to as height, smaller or identical with the free to passant protection purposes under the bonnet free space. The free space is to be understood as meaning an air gap whose height is, for example, in a range of from 50 millimeters up to and including 70 millimeters. Furthermore, the free space means that no components of the vehicle are arranged in this free space, so that, for example, when a pedestrian strikes the front hood, in particular in the vehicle vertical direction from top to bottom, at least part of the front hood in the vehicle vertical direction downwards can move into the free space, without causing a collision with a component of the vehicle. In this case, the front hood is moved into this space, since the front hood is deformed as a result of the pedestrian colliding with the front hood. As a result of this embodiment of the overall height of the air duct, the air duct and thus the heat exchanger formed in this embodiment as a bonnet heat exchanger do not lead to an undesired construction space or package enlargement, but an already available installation space can be used to accommodate the heat exchanger.

A further embodiment is characterized in that at least one, in particular electrically operable, fan for conveying the air through the air duct is arranged in the air duct. This can be realized in a space-saving and aerodynamically advantageous manner, a particularly high temperature control, in particular cooling capacity, since, for example, a particularly high air mass flow can be moved through the air duct.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the sandwich structure at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, arranged in the air duct and can be flowed around and / or flowed through by the air flowing through the air duct. In this case, for example, at least the core element can be flowed around and / or flowed through by the air flowing through the air duct, so that in particular the stiffening ribs, in particular on the outer sides facing away from the first ducts, can be flowed around by the air. This allows a particularly effective and efficient heat exchange between the medium to be tempered and the air via the stiffening ribs can be realized. In particular, it is conceivable that the air as said second medium can flow through the second channels, while, for example, the first medium different from air can flow through the first channels.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one valve element is arranged in the air duct, which is movable, in particular pivotable, between at least one closed position and at least one open position, in particular relative to the body element or relative to the channel element. In the closed position, the valve element obstructs at least one subregion of the air channel through which air can flow, wherein the valve element releases the subregion in the open position, so that the air can flow through the released subregion. As a result, a particularly needs-based supply of the heat exchanger can be realized with the air. Furthermore, a particularly advantageous aerodynamics can be realized. The fan is designed, for example, as a centrifugal, axial or roller fan, in order to be able to convey the air in a particularly efficient and effective manner.

In order to realize a particularly advantageous heat exchange between the media, in particular between the medium to be tempered and the air, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the stiffening ribs are provided with respective ribs projecting from the respective stiffening ribs. As a result, for example, a particularly large surface can be created, via which a heat exchange between the media can take place.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the stiffening ribs have a first medium flowing through the channels in the flow direction and / or wavy and / or sawtooth-like, that is serrated, shape running obliquely or perpendicular thereto.

Finally, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if at least one fin heat exchanger is integrated into the sandwich structure, the heat exchanger fins run in at least one of the channels, in particular the first channels of the heat exchanger and have a respective longitudinal direction. In this case, for example, the longitudinal extension direction runs obliquely, parallel or perpendicular to the flow direction of the at least one channel flowing through the first medium. Thus, a particularly efficient and effective heat exchange between the media can take place via the finned heat exchanger, wherein the finned heat exchanger, for example, can be flowed through by the first or second medium.

As further particularly advantageous, it has been shown, if at least one in the flow direction of the air channel flowing through the air extending longitudinal side of the channel member is formed by the body member, which can be a particularly space-saving and aerodynamically advantageous guidance of the air realized.

To realize a particularly advantageous aerodynamics, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the flow opening is formed as the aforementioned inlet opening, via which the air is introduced into the air duct. Thus, the air can flow into the air duct via the inlet opening from the vicinity of the channel element. In this case, the flow-through opening is preferably arranged in an overpressure region, in which during a forward travel of the motor vehicle, a pressure which is higher than the ambient pressure, which is also referred to as overpressure, arises. As a result, for example, a particularly high amount of air can be introduced into the air duct, so that a particularly effective temperature control of the medium to be tempered can be realized. In addition, excessively high pressure pressures, which, for example, preclude the forward travel of the vehicle, can be avoided.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the flow-through opening is designed as the aforementioned outlet opening, via which the air can be diverted from the air channel. Thus, for example, the air flowing through the air duct via the outlet opening flow out of the air channel and flow to the environment. In this case, the outlet opening is preferably arranged in a negative pressure region, in which during a forward travel of the motor vehicle, a pressure which is lower than the ambient pressure, which is also referred to as negative pressure, arises. The resulting negative pressure range promotes the outflow of air from the air duct, so that a particularly high air mass flow can be conveyed through the air duct. Furthermore, excessive, the forward drive opposite negative pressures can be avoided so that a particularly advantageous aerodynamics can be realized.

A further embodiment provides that at least one, in particular electrically operable, actuator is assigned to the body element, by means of which the body element is movable relative to the shell of the body. As a result, it is possible, for example during a drive of the vehicle, to move the body element relative to the bodyshell and bring it into an advantageous position, so that a particularly high air mass flow is generated in the air duct or a particularly advantageous aerodynamics of the vehicle can be set.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with at least one heat exchanger device according to the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiment of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiment of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.

The medium to be tempered, in particular to be cooled, by means of the heat exchanger is, for example, a heat transfer medium, which may be designed in particular as a mixture. For example, the medium comprises at least water. In particular, the medium comprises at least water and glycol. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the medium to be tempered comprises engine oil or thermal oil. The medium to be tempered can be formed as a liquid or as a gas, in particular as air, wherein, for example, the gas comprises at least air. The air to be tempered is, for example, charge air, which is compressed by means of a compressor, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger, and is supplied, for example, to at least one combustion chamber designed in particular as a cylinder of an internal combustion engine designed, for example, as a reciprocating piston engine for driving the vehicle.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the medium to be tempered is a refrigerant such as R134a, R1234yf or R744, so that, for example, the heat exchanger can be designed as a cooler, in particular as a gas cooler, or else as a condenser. In particular, it is preferably provided that the inlet opening and thus the air inlet and / or the outlet opening and thus the air outlet directly adjacent to the part or to the body element or lies in this.

In particular, it is possible, for example, to take the air representing, for example, a cooling air mass flow at a point of the outer contour of the vehicle, in particular the body, on the aerodynamically an advantageous pressure range, in particular an overpressure region is formed during the journey, and / or the air emerge from the contour or the air duct on which an aerodynamically advantageous pressure range, in particular a negative pressure range, is formed during the journey. The air used, for example, as a cooling air mass flow in the present case, for example, as a pressure equalization flow, which is promoted for example due to a pressure gradient between the pressure range and the negative pressure region through the air duct, and can be used in particular in a favorable arrangement for reducing the aerodynamic pressure resistance of the vehicle. As a result, for example, the cw value of the vehicle can be kept particularly low.

In particular, it is conceivable that the heat exchanger formed by the sandwich structure is designed as a freely arranged heat exchanger or as a heat exchanger which transfers mechanical loads. The designed as a mechanical loads heat exchanger heat exchanger is thus, for example, a supporting element or component of a supporting structure such as the body, in particular the shell, so that the heat exchanger is used for example as a component over which loads occurring during operation of the vehicle are performed. Further, it is conceivable that the heat exchanger is designed as a shape-integrated heat exchanger, which is integrated, for example, in the body, in particular in the shell.

• 1 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Fahrzeugs gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform, mit einer Wärmetauschereinrichtung, welche wenigstens einen durch eine Sandwichstruktur gebildeten Wärmetauscher aufweist;
• 2 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs;
• 3 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Draufsicht der zweiten Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs;
• 4 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs;
• 5 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Draufsicht der dritten Ausführungsform;
• 6 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht einer vierten Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs;
• 7 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Draufsicht der vierten Ausführungsform;
• 8 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Seitenansicht des Wärmetauschers;
• 9 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht einer fünften Ausführungsform entlang einer in 8 gezeigten Schnittlinie A-A;
• 10 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht einer sechsten Ausführungsform entlang der in 8 gezeigten Schnittlinie A-A;
• 11 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht einer siebten Ausführungsform entlang der in 8 gezeigten Schnittlinie A-A;
• 12 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht einer achten Ausführungsform des Wärmetauschers;
• 13 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht einer neunten Ausführungsform des Wärmetauschers;
• 14 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht einer zehnten Ausführungsform;
• 15 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht einer elften Ausführungsform; und
• 16 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht einer zwölften Ausführungsform der Wärmetauschereinrichtung.

Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with the accompanying drawings. Showing:

• 1 1, a schematic and sectional side view of a vehicle according to a first embodiment, with a heat exchanger device which has at least one heat exchanger formed by a sandwich structure;
• 2 1, a schematic and sectional side view of a second embodiment of the vehicle;
• 3 a schematic and sectional plan view of the second embodiment of the vehicle;
• 4 1, a schematic and sectional side view of a third embodiment of the vehicle;
• 5 a schematic and sectional plan view of the third embodiment in detail;
• 6 a schematic sectional side view of a fourth embodiment of the vehicle;
• 7 a schematic and sectional plan view of the fourth embodiment in detail;
• 8th a detail of a schematic side view of the heat exchanger;
• 9 1, a schematic sectional view of a fifth embodiment along an in 8th shown section line AA;
• 10 1, a schematic sectional view of a sixth embodiment along the in FIG 8th shown section line AA;
• 11 1, a schematic sectional view of a seventh embodiment along the in FIG 8th shown section line AA;
• 12 a sectional view of a schematic sectional view of an eighth embodiment of the heat exchanger;
• 13 1, a schematic sectional view of a ninth embodiment of the heat exchanger;
• 14 1, a schematic and sectional side view of a tenth embodiment;
• 15 1, a schematic and sectional side view of an eleventh embodiment; and
• 16 1, a schematic and sectional side view of a twelfth embodiment of the heat exchanger device.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a detail in a schematic and sectional side view of a whole designated 1 vehicle, which is designed as a motor vehicle and thereby as a motor vehicle, especially as a passenger car. The vehicle 1 whose forward direction is in 1 through an arrow 2 includes at least one in 1 unrecognizable drive motor, by means of which the vehicle 1 is drivable. The drive motor is designed for example as an internal combustion engine or as an electric motor. The drive motor is thus a component of the vehicle 1 which comprises at least the drive motor and / or further components. The vehicle 1 includes a heat exchanger device 3 which at least one channel element 4 includes. Through the channel element 4 is at least one air duct through which air can flow 5 limited, which at least one of the air flow-through first flow opening in the form of an inlet opening 6 and at least one second flow-through opening through which air can flow in the form of an outlet opening 7 having. About the respective flow openings is the air duct 5 fluidly with the environment 8th the channel element 4, in particular the heat exchanger device 3 and in the present case of the vehicle 1 in total, connected so that the the air duct 5 air flowing through the inlet 6 in the air duct 5 from the environment 8th can flow in. About the outlet 7 Can the air duct 5 flowing air from the air duct 5 emanate and to or into the environment 8th stream.

Especially good in conjunction with 9 it can be seen that the heat exchanger device 3 at least one sandwich structure 19 comprising which two spaced cover layers 20 and 21 as well as between the cover layers 20 and 21 arranged and with the cover layers 20 and 21 connected core element 22 which is between the cover layers 20 and 21 arranged stiffening ribs 23 having. The cover layer 20 and / or the cover layer 21 and / or the stiffening ribs 23 are formed, for example, of aluminum in order to realize a particularly advantageous heat exchange. In particular, it is conceivable that the cover layer 20 respectively 21 is formed as an aluminum block.

Through the sandwich structure 19 is a heat exchanger 9 formed, which can be flowed through by a first medium channels 24 each at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, by the stiffening ribs 23 are limited. The said first medium, which passes through the channels 24 can flow through the heat exchanger 9 tempered, that is heated and / or preferably cooled. Here, for example, the air duct 5 air flowing through another or second medium, by means of which the first medium can be tempered. For temperature control of the first medium, heat exchange takes place between the media via the sandwich structure 19 , in particular at least over the stiffening ribs 23 , which are also referred to as stiffening webs.

Out 1 it can be seen that the heat exchanger 9 and thus the sandwich structure 19 Components of the heat exchanger device 3 are. It shows 1 a first embodiment in which the heat exchanger 9 For example, acts as a cooler, by means of which the channels 24 flowing through first medium is cooled or can be cooled. For this purpose, a heat transfer from the first medium via the sandwich structure 19 to the air duct 5 flowing air, which For example, at least a portion of the sandwich structure 19 can flow around and / or flow through. For example, the stiffening ribs 23 at least partially from the air duct 5 flowing air can flow around. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that at least one of the cover layers 20 and 21 at least partially from the air duct 5 flowing air can flow around, so that, for example, a heat transfer from the first medium via the stiffening ribs 23 and / or via at least one of the cover layers 20 and 21 to the air duct 5 flowing through and the stiffening ribs 23 and / or at least one of the cover layers 20 and 21 can flow around the air. As a result, the first medium to be tempered is cooled, wherein the air duct 5 flowing air (second medium) is heated. The heat exchanger device 3 thus acts, for example, as a cooling device, that is, as a cooling system. The over the entrance opening 6 in the air duct 5 incoming air is in 1 through arrows 10 illustrated. arrows 11 illustrate in 1 the over the exit opening 7 from the air duct 5 escaping air, so that the air duct 5 air flowing through, in particular their air flow or air mass flow, through the arrows 10 and 11 is illustrated.

In the first embodiment, the heat exchanger 9 in the air duct 5 at least partially arranged so that at least part of the sandwich structure 19 (Heat exchanger 9 ) can be flown in and out of the air and / or flowed through. The heat exchanger 9 or the sandwich structure 19 is for example in an in 1 not shown circuit arranged, which is flowed through by the first medium to be tempered. The first medium to be tempered is a fluid, in particular a gas or a liquid, and can be the circuit and thus the heat exchanger 9 or the channels 24 flow through. The the air duct 5 air flowing through, for example, the stiffening ribs 23 on one of the respective channels 24 remote from the outside of the respective stiffening ribs 23 on and flow around, for example, by the sandwich structure 19 , in particular by the stiffening ribs 23 , prevents the media from mixing.

Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the flow through the first medium to be tempered by the stiffening ribs 23 formed channels 24 first channels or channel elements of the heat exchanger 9 are. It is conceivable that by the stiffening ribs 23 second channels of the heat exchanger 9 at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, are formed or limited, for example, the second channels are fluidly separated from the first channels. In this case, for example, at least a part of the air duct 5 flow through the second channels and flow through the second channels, so that the sandwich structure 19 , in particular the core element 22 , is permeated by the two media. Then, for example, via both the first channels 24 as well as the second channels bounding stiffening ribs 23 a heat exchange between the media take place, whereby the first medium tempered, in particular cooled, is. In this case, the second medium is also tempered, since the second medium is heated, for example due to the heat exchange. If, for example, such a heat exchange between the media that heat passes from the second medium to the first medium, the first medium is heated and the second medium is cooled.

Said circuit may in particular be a refrigerant circuit, so that the first medium to be tempered is, for example, a refrigerant. In this case, the refrigerant circuit is for example part of an air conditioner, by means of which at least one phase transition, in particular at least two phase transitions, of the medium to be tempered is effected. For example, by means of an evaporator of the air conditioner, the refrigerant is evaporated and thereby heated, for example, whereby, for example, the interior of the vehicle 1 can be cooled to be supplied air. Here is the heat exchanger 9 For example, a cooler, by means of which the refrigerant can be cooled. In particular, by means of the heat exchanger 9 a condensation of the refrigerant can be effected, so that by the sandwich structure 19 formed heat exchanger 9 for example, is designed as a capacitor.

Furthermore, the first medium to be tempered may, for example, be a coolant which can flow through at least one of the aforementioned components of the vehicle and thereby cool it. Due to a heat transfer from the component to the coolant, the coolant is heated. Then, the coolant in the manner described, the heat exchanger 9 flow through and by means of the heat exchanger 9 be cooled.

Out 1 is also apparent that the vehicle 1 a structure in the form of a self-supporting body 12 includes, by which, for example, the aforementioned interior of the vehicle is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely limited. In order to achieve a particularly advantageous aerodynamics of the vehicle 1 Being able to realize is at least part of it 13 of the channel element 4 as at least a portion of the air duct 5 limiting bodywork element 14 the body 12 educated. At the in 1 illustrated first embodiment is the said channel element 4 through the bodywork element 14 formed so that, for example, the entire air duct 5 through the bodywork element 14 is limited or formed. Furthermore, the flow openings (inlet opening 6 and outlet 7 ), in particular in the flow direction of the air duct 5 flowing air, directly or directly to the part 13 , in particular to the body element 14 , on or lie in this. It is provided, for example, that at least a portion of the respective flow opening through the body element 14 is limited, wherein it is preferably provided that the entire flow opening through the body member 14 is limited. In other words, is to be understood by the adjoining that the respective flow opening directly or directly to the part 13 borders.

In the first embodiment, it is provided that the body element 14 is designed as a hood designed as a bonnet, which at the front 15 of the vehicle 1 is arranged. In this case, the front hood, for example, movable, in particular pivotable, on a shell of the body 12 held, for example, one at the front 15 arranged and designed for example as an engine compartment receiving space of the body 12 in the vertical direction of the vehicle upwards at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, is covered or covered by the front hood.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the structural rigidity, deformability and - in particular local - absorption capacity of deformation energy of the channel element 4 with the example, planar air duct 5 and the heat exchanger 9 with its stiffening ribs 23 at least equal to those of a conventional front or bonnet or preferably even improved with regard to the realization of a pedestrian or pedestrian protection. This preserves or improves the use of a space originally free of internals space under the bonnet the passers protection.

Preferably, it is provided that the inlet opening 6, also referred to as the air inlet, adjoins a front edge of the heat exchanger designed as a front hood or bonnet cooler in the first embodiment 9 or the front hood is arranged. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided, for example, that the outlet opening, also referred to as the air outlet 7 is arranged on a trailing edge and / or on at least one side edge of the front or bonnet.

In an embodiment not illustrated in the figures, it can be provided that in the air duct 5 a particular electrically operable fan is arranged, by means of which the air through the air duct 5 can be conveyed through. Alternatively or additionally, the air duct 5 associated with at least one valve element, by means of which, for example, the air duct 5 flowing through amount of air is adjustable. The valve element is, for example, at the air inlet and / or in the air duct 5 arranged and, for example, designed as a flap, which is switchable and thus, in particular relative to the channel element 4 , is movable. For example, the flap is relative to the channel element 4 pivotable. In particular, the air duct 5 a plurality of valve elements, in particular valves, be assigned, so that, for example, a damper grille is formed. The valve element, in particular the flap, for example, between a closed position and at least one open position movable, in particular pivotable, and thereby switchable.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if at least a portion of the air duct 5 by means of, for example, the channel element 4 provided thermal insulation is thermally insulated. Preferably, the air duct 5 or the channel element 4 on at least one side or in an area with which the air duct 5 or the channel element 4 a contour of the body element 14 forms, provided with the thermal insulation. Due to the thermal insulation, for example, a heat input, especially during exposure of the vehicle 1 to solar radiation over the illuminated body element 14 in the air duct 5 is registered and thus counteracts a cooling task, be significantly reduced.

The thermal insulation is formed, for example, as a sprayed, closed cell foam insulation having a thickness in a range of, for example, including two millimeters to and including 15 millimeters. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the sandwich structure 19 provided with a thermal insulation. This thermal insulation may be formed, for example, as a sprayed, closed cell foam insulation having a thickness in a range of, for example, including two millimeters to and including 15 millimeters, the thermal insulation being for example applied to one of the cover layers 20 and 21 is sprayed on. In particular, the thermal insulation at one of the core element 22 facing inside of the cover layers 20 and or 21 arranged, in particular on the inside be sprayed, with the thermal insulation in an area between the stiffening ribs 23 can be arranged. As a result, for example, an undesired heat input into the medium to be tempered, in particular the medium to be cooled, can be avoided from the outside.

In a further embodiment, it may be provided that not only by the sandwich structure 19 formed heat exchanger 9 in the air duct 5 is arranged, but in addition to that through the sandwich structure 19 , in particular by the stiffening ribs 23 , formed heat exchanger 9 can have more heat exchangers in the air duct 5 be arranged. Regarding the heat exchanger 9 the stiffening ribs act 23 for example, as heat exchanger surfaces over which the heat exchange between the media described above can take place. At least one of the further heat exchangers may be formed, for example, as a capacitor.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that more than one medium is separated by flow paths or channels that are fluidly separated from one another, in particular by the heat exchanger 9 , are guided, wherein the fluidically separated flow paths each at least partially through the stiffening ribs 23 and / or by, in particular separate, internals are formed. Such an installation may be, for example, one 12 recognizable, additional heat exchanger 25 which act in the sandwich structure 19 and thus in the heat exchanger 9 is integrated and thus, for example, at least partially in at least one of the first channels 24 and / or in at least one of the second channels. This is the other heat exchanger 25 flow around the medium that through the respective first channel 24 or flows through the respective second channel. In this case, for example, the heat exchanger 25 from the first medium, from the second medium or through a third medium, so that a heat exchange between the heat exchanger 25 flowing around the medium and the heat exchanger 25 can be done by flowing medium. As a result of this heat exchange, for example, the heat exchanger 25 cooled medium or heated, so that the heat exchanger 25 flowing medium is heated or cooled.

In which the heat exchanger 25 flowing around and thus the first channel 24 or the medium flowing through the second channel is, for example, the abovementioned first medium or the aforementioned second medium and thus, for example, the air channel 5 flowing air, so it is for example in the heat exchanger 25 flowing medium is the second medium or the first medium or another, third medium. By integration of the heat exchanger 25 in the heat exchanger 9 are thus in the air duct 5 arranged at least two heat exchangers. The arrangement of several, in the air duct 5 arranged heat exchanger can be flowed through serially, in parallel, serially-parallel or freely chosen. Be the more, in the air duct 5 arranged heat exchanger used for example as a cooler, so form the plurality, in the air duct 5 arranged heat exchanger a hood radiator, since the plurality of heat exchangers are integrated into the hood or bonnet. Thus, more than one cooling task can be realized by the hood radiator. Thus, it is possible, for example, that one of the several, in the air duct 5 arranged heat exchanger is designed as an oil cooler, by means of which engine oil for lubricating the internal combustion engine can be cooled. For example, it is thus possible to cool the engine oil to an oil temperature level of up to approximately 140 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, a recooling of a waste heat recovery system such as an adsorption plant, which is operated with exhaust heat for air conditioning of the interior, can be realized so that it can be cooled to an adsorption temperature level of less than 100 degrees Celsius.

Overall, it can be seen that the respective heat exchanger can be flowed through or flowed through by at least one medium, so that the at least one medium is tempered, that is to say cooled or heated. By way of example, the respective medium to be tempered is supplied to the respective heat exchanger by means of at least one feed line, in particular by means of a plurality of feed lines. The respective supply line is flexible and / or equipped with a swivel tube part and / or with a joint fitting.

2 and 3 show a second embodiment of the vehicle 1 or the heat exchange device 3 , In the first embodiment, the channel element 4 and thus the air duct 5 and the heat exchanger 9 at the frontline 15 or in a front area of the vehicle 1 arranged. In the second embodiment, however, alternatively or additionally, the air duct 5 and thus the heat exchanger 9 or the channel element 4 at the stern 16 or in a rear area of the vehicle 1 arranged. It is through the sandwich structure 19 formed heat exchanger 9 in 2 and 3 not shown. For example, the channel element 4 and thus the air duct 5 on a vehicle transverse left side of the vehicle 1 or the body 12 arranged. Alternatively or In addition, a two-sided arrangement of the channel element 4 and thus the air duct 5 provided, so that even on the right in the vehicle transverse direction side, a corresponding channel element 4 with an air duct 5 is arranged. Especially good 3 are a course and thus one through the air duct 5 or through the channel element 4 caused leadership of the air duct 5 recognizable by flowing air.

At the in 2 and 3 illustrated second embodiment is the body member 14 For example, designed as a wheel house or as a side wall or through the bodywork element 14 is a wheelhouse 17 of the vehicle 1 at least partially limited, being in the wheel arch 17 at least one wheel 18 of the vehicle is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly recorded. As by the arrows 10 Illustrated is the air from the wheel arch 17 in the air duct 5 infuse and then the air duct 5 flow through. Further flows - as by the arrows 11 is illustrated - the air at the rear of the air duct 5 out.

4 and 5 show a third embodiment of the vehicle 1 or the heat exchange device 3 , where also in 4 and 5 the heat exchanger 9 not shown. In the third embodiment, the body member 14 formed as a rear skirt or comprises a rear skirt, so that at least the part 13 of the channel element 4 formed by the rear skirt. Out 5 it can be seen that in the third embodiment of the air duct 5 For example, at least two inlet openings 6 which are spaced apart in the vehicle transverse direction and in each case on respective sides of the vehicle 1 , especially the body 12 , are arranged. In this case, the air duct comprises 5 at least one or more outlet openings 7 which are spaced apart, for example, in the vehicle transverse direction and / or in the vehicle vertical direction. In particular, the at least one outlet opening 7 arranged in the vehicle transverse direction further inside than the inlet openings 6 so that a particularly advantageous air flow and aerodynamics can be realized.

In particular, it is conceivable that the respective inlet opening 6 is arranged in an overpressure region, wherein the respective outlet opening 7 is arranged in a negative pressure area. In the overpressure area prevails - especially when driving forward the vehicle 1 a higher pressure than in the negative pressure region, so that there is a pressure gradient between the overpressure region and the negative pressure region. By means of this pressure gradient, the air through the air duct 5 promoted, so that a particularly high air mass flow can be realized. As a result, a particularly advantageous aerodynamics and effective cooling can be represented.

6 and 7 illustrate a fourth embodiment of the vehicle 1 or the heat exchange device 3 , It shows 6 the vehicle 1 in a fragmentary schematic longitudinal sectional view, wherein in 6 through arrows 26 the the air duct 5 flowing air or its flow through the air duct 5 is illustrated. It is through the sandwich structure 19 formed heat exchanger 9 in 6 not shown.

7 shows the fourth embodiment in a schematic and sectional plan view. The aforementioned, in each case at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, by the stiffening ribs 23 of the core element 22 limited and permeable by the air or the second medium second channels of the sandwich structure 19 and thus the heat exchanger 9 are in 7 denoted by 27. This illustrate in 7 arrows 28 the second channels 27 flowing air or its flow through the second channels 27 , Especially good 7 it can be seen that the respective first channel 24 at least partially through a respective first side of the respective stiffening rib 23 is formed or limited. The respective second channel 27 is at least partially by a respective, the respective first side facing away from the second side of the respective stiffening rib 23 formed or limited, so that, for example, the respective stiffening rib 23 on the one hand by the first medium and on the other hand by the second medium flows around. The first medium to be tempered, for example, via respective feed openings 29 into the respective first channels 24 initiated. Further, for example, respective discharge openings 30 provided, via which the respective first medium from the respective first channels 24 is dissipated.

As in 7 through an area X For example, an advantageous fin flow may be exemplified by at least one hole in the respective stiffening rib 23 will be realized. Out 7 is also particularly well recognizable that, for example, the respective first channels 24 Channel elements may be, which may be fluidly connected to each other, for example. In this case, for example, the respective first channel extends 24 starting from the respective feed opening 29 at least substantially meandering to the respective discharge opening 30 in order to realize a particularly advantageous heat transfer or heat exchange can. Also illustrate in 7 arrows 31 that the respective first channels 24 flowing through the first medium and thus the flow through the respective first channels 24 , As a result, are off 7 different flow guides of the first medium recognizable.

Furthermore, the core element 22 stiffening ribs 32 which, in particular in contrast to the stiffening ribs 23 , For example, be surrounded on both sides of the first medium to be tempered and used to a defined and targeted guidance of the first medium. The respective stiffening rib 32 for example, limits a first of the channels on a first side 24 and on a second side facing away from the first side, a second of the channels 24 , Thus, in particular, the stiffening ribs function 23 as heat exchange ribs or as heat exchange surfaces, via which a heat exchange between the media can take place.

Out 7 is particularly well recognizable that, for example, the stiffening ribs 23 and / or the stiffening ribs 32 one in the flow direction of the channels 24 Having flowing through the first medium extending wavy and / or sawtooth-like course. As a result, a particularly large surface can be created, via which the heat exchange between the media can take place.

8th shows a detail of a schematic side view of the through the sandwich structure 19 formed heat exchanger 9 , It shows 9 a fifth embodiment of the heat exchange device 3 , in which 9 the heat exchanger 9 along an in 8th shown section line AA shows. In the fifth embodiment, the stiffening ribs 23 For example, formed on both sides at least substantially planar.

10 shows a sixth embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, it is provided that the respective ones, the respective channels 24 at least partially limiting or forming stiffening ribs 23 in turn, in particular on one side or on both sides, with ribs 34 are provided in order to realize a particularly large surface, through which a heat exchange between the media can take place. For example, one of the media, in particular the first medium, is liquid, wherein the second or other medium may likewise be liquid or else gaseous.

For example, they have on a first side of the respective stiffening rib 23 arranged ribs 34 a first length, wherein on one of the first side facing away from the second side of the respective reinforcing rib 23 arranged ribs 34 may have a second length. In this case, the second length may be larger or smaller than the first length. For example, is this the respective channel 24 flowing medium liquid, which the respective channel 27 flowing medium is gaseous, such as those on the side of the channel 24 arranged ribs 34 shorter than the one on the side of the channel 27 arranged ribs.

11 shows a seventh embodiment in which the stiffening ribs 23 for example, obliquely or perpendicular to the flow direction of the channels 24 have flowing through medium running wavy and / or sawtooth course. Here, the wavy course, for example, based on the image plane of 11 left side L of 11 illustrated, wherein the sawtooth-like or ragged course on the right side R of 11 is illustrated.

12 shows an eighth embodiment. In the eighth embodiment, the already mentioned, in the heat exchanger 9 or in the sandwich structure 19 integrated heat exchanger 25 as a plate heat exchanger, in particular as a plate cooler, formed, which has a plurality of example, acting as a cooling fins heat exchanger fins 35 has, for example, each having a longitudinal direction of extension. Over the heat exchanger fins 35 For example, a particularly advantageous heat transfer from the medium flowing through the lamellar heat exchanger to the medium flowing around the lamellar heat exchanger can be realized. Further illustrate in 12 arrows 36 the flow direction of the respective channels 24 flowing through medium, which, for example, to the air duct 5 flowing air or is the first medium.

In 12 different designs or arrangements of the fin heat exchanger can be seen. In a first of the embodiments designated A1, the heat exchanger fins 35 over footbridges 39 the finned heat exchanger connected to each other, said webs 39 from which the plate heat exchanger flowing medium can be flowed through. In this case, the respective fin heat exchanger has an inlet 37 and a process 38 on, wherein the finned heat exchanger, the medium flowing through the finned heat exchanger via the inlet 37 is supplied. About the process 38 the medium flowing through the finned heat exchanger is removed from the finned heat exchanger. In the first embodiment A1, the webs run 39 transverse or perpendicular to the flow direction of the respective channel 24 flowing through medium, wherein the respective longitudinal direction of the respective heat exchanger blade 35 in the flow direction or at least substantially parallel to the flow direction.

In a designated second A2 of the embodiments of the fin heat exchanger of the web runs 39 at an angle of, for example, 45 degrees to the flow direction of the respective channel 24 flowing medium, wherein the respective longitudinal direction of extension of the respective heat exchanger blade 35 runs parallel to the flow direction. In a third of the embodiments designated A3, the orientation of the longitudinal extension direction of the respective heat exchanger lamella 35 to the flow direction of the respective channel 24 flowing through medium variable or needs-based and adapted at least substantially to the flow direction. Overall, it can be seen that in the sandwich structure 19 integrated finned heat exchanger (heat exchanger 25 ) a flow-adapted alignment of its heat exchanger fins 35 , Even with a skewed at the same time, that is different from 90 degrees to the flow direction alignment has. This can also be geometrically described as a pivoting of peripheral disks in the direction of longitudinal disks of the disk heat exchanger, the peripheral disks being perpendicular to the central axis of the web formed, for example, as a heat exchanger pipe 39 are aligned and wherein the longitudinal blades, for example, parallel to the central axis of the heat exchanger tube. The respective lamellae are always aligned in the direction of the directly local flow direction or flow, and may have different orientations as well as within the lamellar heat exchanger.

While maintaining a clear lamellar spacing and a lamella height, the rib efficiency remains systematically unchanged. In this way, in a structurally simple manner in flow situations in the sandwich structure 19 or other air ducts well adaptable heat exchanger installations such as the heat exchanger 25 the volumetric cooling density can be increased without reducing it by an increased pressure loss. In particular, the lamellae can be formed in deflected flow situations as a guide surface or as a deflecting grid, which reduces the apportioning pressure loss in the flow.

It shows 13 A ninth embodiment in which the heat exchanger fins 35 for example, curved or arcuate.

14 to 16 illustrate a tenth or eleventh and twelfth embodiment, in which the through the sandwich structure 19 formed heat exchanger 9 can be used as a switchable thermal installation. Out 13 it can be seen that, for example, in the sandwich structure 19 at least one, for example, to be tempered, in particular to be cooled or insulated, component 44 arranged or in the sandwich structure 19 is integrated. The component 44 is designed for example as a high-voltage memory. The high-voltage storage is an energy storage device for storing electrical energy and has a particularly high electrical voltage, in particular electrical operating voltage, of several 100 volts. For example, the high-voltage memory is designed as a high-voltage battery (HV battery). In particular, the component 44 , at least temporarily, be designed or act as a heat source or heat sink, wherein the sandwich structure 19 , in particular temporarily, can act as thermal insulation, in particular if the sandwich structure 19 is not filled by an example, liquid heat transfer medium or is flowed through, but for example, only a gas, in particular only air containing.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the sandwich structure 19 For example, at least temporarily, can be filled with a liquid heat transfer medium. In this way, for example, on the one hand by filling the sandwich structure 19 with a medium of high thermal conductivity such as water, oil or the like and on the other hand by emptying the sandwich structure 19 , Which then contains only a gas, in particular air, with low thermal conductivity, the thermal insulation performance significantly changed or switched. Is thus the sandwich structure 19 filled only with gas, so does the sandwich structure 19 as thermal insulation for the component 44 , Will the sandwich structure 19 However, filled with a liquid, so can a powerful heat dissipation from the component 44 be realized, so that, for example, a thermal insulation effect in contrast to filling the sandwich structure 19 can be drastically reduced only with gas. This makes it possible, for example, the high-voltage storage at low operating temperature for rapid heating by means of the sandwich structure 19 to isolate and to cool at elevated operating temperature, either by filling with, for example, water and / or glycol or by flowing with, for example, water and / or glycol. Furthermore, the mechanically highly rigid sandwich structure 19 Shaped and functional integrated configured for mounting or mounting or housing the weight-intensive high-voltage memory and / or another component.

Out 15 is recognizable that the component 44 for example, from the sandwich structure 19 is surrounded and in particular thermally to the sandwich structure 19 is connected.

Out 16 is evident that the sandwich structure 19 for example, as a sandwich enclosure for the component 44 acts. For example, arrows illustrate 40 a flow of a medium through the respective channel 24 , where the channel 24 the medium for example via an inlet 41 fed and via a return 42 can be dissipated. For example, the respective channel 24 only filled with a gas, especially air, so is a thermal insulation of the sandwich structure 19 integrated component 44 causes. For example, the gas in particular in the return 42 from the respective channel 24 dissipated, and is about the respective inflow 41 a liquid in the channel 24 introduced, so that the liquid, for example, in the channel 24 stands or the channel 24 flows through, so is the thermal insulation effect of the sandwich structure 19 against a condition in which the respective channel 24 only contains a gas or is traversed by gas, reduced so that, for example, the component 44 can be cooled effectively and efficiently. At the in 16 In the twelfth embodiment illustrated, the sandwich structure functions 19 as thermal insulation, as a load-bearing housing and as an active cooling element in particular. About the load-bearing housing, the component 44 for example, be supported on another, other component. These are, for example, on the sandwich structure 19 fasteners 43 provided over which the sandwich structure 19 can be attached to another component.

• - Reduktion des Bauraum- beziehungsweise Packagebedarfs und des Fahrwiderstands durch Funktionsintegration von Kühlluftstrom und aerodynamischer Strömungsführung, sodass sich eine CO2-Reduktion realisieren lässt
• - Reduktion des Bauraumbedarfs und der Masse dadurch, dass beispielsweise der als Kühler ausgebildete Wärmetauscher 9 ortsnah an einer zu kühlenden Wärmequelle angeordnet werden kann, sodass die Masse, das Volumen beziehungsweise der Bauraumbedarf und die Kosten für das den Wärmetauscher 9 durchströmende Medium führende Leitungen besonders gering gehalten werden können. Dies gilt insbesondere für Konfigurationen, bei denen sich ein Antrieb im Heck und ein konventionelles Kühlerpaket in der Fahrzeugfront befindet oder bei denen im Motorraum eine Abgaswärmenutzungsanlage angeordnet ist, die direkt mit dem darüber liegenden Motorhaubenkühler rückgekühlt wird
• - Nutzung eines Funktionselements beispielsweise als freier Kühler als Designelement
• - Verbesserung des Fußgängerschutzes beziehungsweise des Passantenschutzes bei Ausgestaltung des Wärmetauschers 9 als Motorhaubenkühler
• - Reduktion der Bauraumgröße oder Entfall des konventionellen Kühlerpakets in der Fahrzeugfront
• - Reduktion beziehungsweise Verkleinerung der Kühlerpakets, insbesondere durch Verlagerung von Höchstlastkühlleistungsspitzen in dem Wärmetauscher 9
• - Reduktion der elektrischen Bordnetzlast zum Betrieb konventioneller Lüfter im Kühlerpaket durch Nutzung des zusätzlichen, den Luftkanal 5 durchströmenden Luftstroms
• - durch die hochsteife Sandwichstruktur 19 kann ein volumetrisch hoch-integrierter Wärmetauscher 9 realisiert werden, der ferner als mechanische Lasten tragender Wärmetauscher ausgebildet werden kann und somit Strukturlast tragen kann
• - funktional hoch-integrierte Wärmetauscher- beziehungsweise Kondensatorstrukturen, die zudem als thermische Isolation und als mechanisch hochbelastbare Tragstruktur beziehungsweise Einhausung dienen.

Overall, by the heat exchange device 3 , in particular by the heat exchanger 9 forming sandwich structure 19 , the following advantages are achieved:

• - Reduction of installation space or package requirement and driving resistance by functional integration of cooling air flow and aerodynamic flow guidance, so that a CO2 reduction can be realized
• - Reduction of space requirements and the mass in that, for example, designed as a cooler heat exchanger 9 can be arranged close to a location to be cooled heat source, so that the mass, the volume or the space requirement and the cost of the heat exchanger 9 flowing through medium-carrying lines can be kept very low. This applies in particular to configurations in which there is a drive in the rear and a conventional radiator package in the front of the vehicle or in which an exhaust heat recovery system is arranged in the engine compartment, which is recooled directly to the overlying bonnet radiator
• - Use of a functional element, for example, as a free cooler as a design element
• - Improvement of pedestrian protection or pedestrian protection in the design of the heat exchanger 9 as bonnet cooler
• - Reduction of the installation space size or elimination of the conventional radiator package in the vehicle front
• Reduction or reduction of the cooler packages, in particular by shifting maximum load cooling power peaks in the heat exchanger 9
• - Reduction of the electrical system load to operate conventional fans in the cooler package by using the additional, the air duct 5 flowing air stream
• - by the high stiff sandwich structure 19 can be a volumetrically highly integrated heat exchanger 9 can be realized, which can be further designed as a mechanical loads bearing heat exchanger and thus can carry structural load
• - Functionally highly integrated heat exchanger or capacitor structures, which also serve as a thermal insulation and as a mechanically heavy-duty support structure or housing.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

vehicle

2

arrow

3

Heat exchange device

4

channel element

5

air duct

6

inlet opening

7

outlet opening

8th

Surroundings

9

heat exchangers

10

arrow

11

arrow

12

body

13

part

14

body member

15

front

16

Rear

17

wheelhouse

18

wheel

19

sandwich structure

20

topcoat

21

topcoat

22

core element

23

stiffening rib

24

channel

25

heat exchangers

26

arrow

27

channel

28

arrow

29

feed

30

discharge opening

31

arrow

32

stiffening rib

34

ribs

35

heat exchanger fins

36

arrows

37

Intake

38

returns

39

web

40

arrow

41

Intake

42

returns

43

fastener

44

component

X

Area

Claims (15)

Heat exchanger device (3) for a vehicle (1), with at least one two spaced apart cover layers (20, 21) and between the cover layers (20, 21), with the cover layers (20, 21) connected and stiffening ribs (23) exhibiting Core element (22) comprising sandwich structure (19) through which at least one to be tempered medium through which flowable heat exchanger (9) is formed, of which by means of the heat exchanger (9) to be tempered medium through-flow channels (24) each at least partially through the Stiffening ribs (23) are limited. Heat exchanger device (3) according to Claim 1 characterized by at least one channel element (4) through which at least one air duct (5) through which air can flow is defined, wherein at least a portion of the sandwich structure (19) can be bypassed and / or flowed through by the air flowing through the air duct (5). Heat exchanger device (3) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the air channel (5) has at least one air flow-through through-flow opening (6, 7), via which the air channel (5) is fluidly connected to the environment (8) of the channel element (4). Heat exchanger device (3) according to Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that at least a part (13) of the channel element (4) as a at least a portion of the air duct (5) limiting body member (14) of the body (12) of the vehicle (1) is formed. Heat exchanger device (3) according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the flow-through opening (6, 7) directly adjacent to the part (13). Heat exchanger device (3) according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the sandwich structure (19) is part of the body element (14). Heat exchanger device (3) after a Claims 4 to 6 , characterized in that the body element (14) is designed as a front hood for the vehicle (1). Heat exchanger device (3) according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the air duct (5) has a height extending in the vehicle vertical height, which is less than or equal to a height in the vehicle vertical height arranged in the vehicle vertical direction between the front hood and arranged in the vehicle vertical direction below the front hood component of the vehicle (1), for pedestrian protection purposes provided free space is. Heat exchanger device (3) according to one of Claims 2 to 8th , characterized in that in the air duct (5) at least one fan for conveying the air through the air duct (5) is arranged. Heat exchanger device (3) according to one of Claims 2 to 9 , characterized in that the sandwich structure (19) in the air duct (5) and arranged by the air duct (5) flowing through the air flow around and / or can flow. Heat exchanger device (3) according to one of Claims 2 to 10 , characterized in that in the air channel (5) at least one valve element is arranged, which between at least one at least one of the air-flowable portion of the air channel (5) fluidly obstructing the closed position and at least one opening the partial area open position, in particular relative to the body member ( 14), is movable. Heat exchanger device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening ribs (23) are provided with respective ribs (34) projecting from the respective stiffening ribs (23). Heat exchanger device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening ribs (23) have a flowing in the flow direction of the channels (4) medium and / or obliquely or perpendicular thereto wavy and / or sawtooth-like course. Heat exchange means (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the sandwich structure (19) is integrated at least one finned heat exchanger (25), extend the heat exchanger fins (35) in at least one of the channels (4) of the heat exchanger (9) and a Have respective longitudinal extension direction, which extends obliquely, parallel or perpendicular to the flow direction of the at least one channel (4) flowing medium. Vehicle (1), in particular motor vehicle, with at least one heat exchanger device (3) according to one of the preceding claims.

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