DE102017127407A1 - Needle roller bearing with a signal transmitter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a needle bearing (10) with a needle sleeve (19) and guided in a cage (12) roller-shaped rolling elements (14) which on a track (17) of the needle sleeve (19) and at least one shaft (22), Roll axle (24) or on a structural component (34), and in which the needle sleeve (19) has two radial side walls (30, 32) for the axial guidance of the cage (12). In the case of this needle roller bearing it is further provided that an axial extension (35) is formed on the first side board (30, 32), which has a signal transmitter structure (40) for at least one associated sensor (42) of a rotational speed measuring device (44).

Description

The invention relates to a needle bearing with a needle sleeve and guided in a cage roller-shaped rolling elements which roll on a track of the needle sleeve and at least one shaft, axle or on a structural component, and in which the needle sleeve has two radial side walls for axial guidance of the cage ,

Rolling bearings are ubiquitous in many industrial applications, such as bearing parts of machinery. For radially narrow installation spaces, such as in the storage of planetary gears in transmissions, needle bearings are particularly suitable. In addition, trained as Zählkränze signal generator for a speed measurement of various transmission components by means of suitable sensors in various designs.

From the US 5,063,346 A For example, a sensor arrangement for installation between an axle shaft and an axle shaft coaxially enclosing the axle tube is known. In the axle tube, a needle bearing is used, with a shoulder in the axle tube serves as an axial stop. The outer ring of the needle bearing is rotatably connected by means of a coupling member with a sensor ring. The coupling member is released as soon as the axle shaft rotates after assembly. The sensor ring and the needle bearing are in two parts and by means of the structurally complex coupling member only temporarily rotatably connected to each other.

The DE 102 10 394 A1 discloses an axial piston machine in the form of a hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump. The local hydraulic pump has a drive shaft rotatably mounted in a housing by means of a cylindrical roller bearing. The cylindrical roller bearing is provided with a bearing inner ring, which is assigned a thrust washer for Axialkraftübertragung. At this thrust washer a Zählkranz is integrally formed, which serves as a signal generator for a speed measuring device. Such a cylindrical roller bearing is not suitable for radially small installation spaces and requires a separate thrust washer with Zählkranz to determine the speed of a rotatable component can.

The invention therefore an object of the invention to provide a suitable for radially small installation space needle bearing with an integrated signal generator, which cooperates with a sensor of a speed measuring device. This object is achieved by a needle bearing, which has the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a needle bearing with a needle sleeve and guided in a cage roller-shaped rolling elements, which roll on a track of the needle sleeve and at least one shaft or axle or on a structural component, and wherein the needle sleeve has two radial side walls for axial guidance of the cage having. According to the invention, it is provided in this needle bearing that an axial extension is formed on the first side board, which has a signal generator structure for at least one associated sensor of a rotational speed measuring device. In this case, the needle sleeve of the needle bearing may be formed as an inner ring or as an outer ring.

As a result, a particularly compact design of the needle bearing is provided with a signal generator in the radial direction, which preferably interacts with a sensor of the speed measuring device without contact. By means of the cooperating with the Axialverlängerung sensor of the measuring device can be, for example, a speed, a rotation angle, a rotational acceleration and the direction of rotation of a machine part with high accuracy sensory detect and forward to a preferably digital electronic control and / or regulating device.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the axial extension is sleeve-like, and that in an embodiment of the needle sleeve as an inner ring Axialverlängerung has an outer diameter D _A1 , which is greater creation of the first side than the outer diameter D _{A2 of} the inner ring, and that at an embodiment of the needle sleeve as an outer ring, the axial extension has an outer diameter D _A3 , which is smaller to create the first side board than the outer diameter D _{A4 of} the outer ring. As a result, the first side board in each case at the same time forms a shoulder for creating the axial section, which is tapered or enlarged in relation to the inner ring or outer ring of the needle roller bearing.

In addition, it is preferred if the inner ring or the outer ring of the needle bearing and their respective axial extension consist of one piece of a high-strength steel. As a result, a particularly simple and cost-effective production of the needle bearing is possible.

The signal generator structure on the axial extension of the needle sleeve or the outer ring or the inner ring is formed for example by at least one cylindrical bore or at least one oval slot. As a result, a particularly simple manufacturability of the signal generator structure is provided, wherein the elongated holes in their axial longitudinal alignment are more independent with respect to axial displacements with respect to the sensor of the measuring device. The holes or the slots are preferably geometrically identical in multiple training.

The signal generator structure on the axial extension of the needle sleeve or the outer ring or the inner ring can also be formed by at least one triangular recess. As a result, the temporal course of the amplitude of the measurement signals produced by the signal generator structure within the sensor of the measuring device can be influenced at least to a limited extent. Furthermore, with triangular recesses and a sense of rotation can be realized. In principle, the recesses may also have another suitable asymmetric or irregular geometry.

In addition, it may be useful in certain applications that the signal generator structure is formed by at least one radially outward elevation or by at least one radially inwardly directed recess. As a result, among other things, an unwanted clogging of the signal generator structure with foreign substances, such as abrasion, oil, grease or the like is avoided.

Preferably, the signal generator structure seen in all the aforementioned embodiments in the circumferential direction of the axial extension regularly recurring structural features, whereby the rotational angle resolution is improved.

The at least one sensor is preferably designed as a magnetic field sensor. As a result, permanently reliable measured values can be determined even under extreme environmental conditions, such as in internal combustion engines, hydraulic drives or transmissions, by means of the measuring device.

In the case of a favorable development, the axial extension is at least partially magnetized. As a result, a signal strength caused by the signal generator structure of the axial extension in the sensor of the measuring device can be increased.

• 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch ein Nadellager mit einer als Innenring ausgebildeten Nadelhülse, und
• 2 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch ein Nadellager mit einer als Außenring ausgebildeten Nadelhülse.

For a better understanding of the invention, the description is accompanied by a drawing which illustrates two embodiments. In the drawing shows

• 1 a schematic longitudinal section through a needle bearing with a designed as an inner ring needle sleeve, and
• 2 a schematic longitudinal section through a needle bearing with a trained as an outer ring needle sleeve.

The needle bearing 10 according to the in 1 illustrated embodiment consists essentially of an inner ring 19 trained needle sleeve and a radially outside of the inner ring 19 arranged Kä 12 in which needle-shaped rolling elements 14 are arranged. The inner ring 19 of the needle bearing 10 is form-fitting on a cylindrical shaft 22 or axis 24 arranged. The rolling elements 14 are each about their Wälzkörperlängsmittelachse 16 freely rotatable and roll radially inward on a radially outwardly directed track 17 the largely hollow cylindrical inner ring 19 of the needle bearing 10 as well as radially outside on the surface 58 a hole 58 a first machine part 34 from. At the first machine part 34 it may be, for example, a gear, a planetary gear or a sun gear of a transmission not shown here, a hydraulic drive or the like. Alternatively, the machine part 34 also be arranged rotationally like a housing, such that the shaft 22 by means of the needle bearing 10 rotatable in the first machine part 34 is stored.

The inner ring 19 has two radially outwardly projecting side rims 30 . 32 for the axial guidance of the Ka 12 on. By means of the needle bearing 10 is the first machine part in this embodiment 34 rotatable on the shaft 22 or on the axis 24 stored. The longitudinal central axis 26 the wave 22 or axis 24 is drawn. It is also the longitudinal center axis 26 of the needle bearing 10 and the inner ring 19 ,

According to the invention is on the first side board 30 of the inner ring 19 a radially enlarged and sleeve-shaped or at least substantially hollow cylindrical axial extension 35 molded, creating a radial shoulder 37 on the inner ring 19 is formed, which at the same time as the first side board 30 serves. Alternatively, the axial extension 35 may also be formed by at least one cantilever-like projection not shown in the drawing.

The sleeve-shaped axial extension 35 is axially directed away from the rolling elements 14 and rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal central axis 26 of the needle bearing 10 educated. The axial extension 35 has here for example in its circumferential direction U via a surrounding signal generator structure 40 that are contactless with at least one sensor 42 a measuring device 44 interacts. The signal generator structure 40 at the axial extension 35 points in the circumferential direction U regularly recurring structural features in order to interact with the sensor 42 generate periodic measurement signals with high angular resolution. The sensor 42 is here at a second, with respect to the first machine part 34 non-rotatable second machine part 46 arranged, such as a machine housing, a transmission housing or the like.

The sensor 42 is preferably a magnetic field sensor 48 from the rotating buzzer structure 40 caused, usually periodic changes of the graphically not shown magnetic field reacts and this in a suitable electronic measurement signal 50 which of the electronic measuring device 44 recorded, if necessary strengthened and evaluated. For this purpose allowed a radial distance A between the signal generator structure 40 and the magnetic field sensor 48 not be too big. In the case of a magnetic field sensor 48, the radial distance A usually less than 5 mm. In the event that the sensor 42 optical, capacitive or based on another physical mechanism of action, the radial distance A also accept larger values.

The axial extension 35 of the inner ring 19 and the one between the two sides 30 . 32 at least approximately hollow cylindrical body 55 of the inner ring 19 are preferably made of a high-strength, at least partially magnetic or magnetized steel, in particular a steel sheet, for example by forming and stamping. One of the better graphic overview half unnamed radial height of the shoulder 37 or the first side board 30 corresponds approximately to the difference between the outer diameter D _A1 the axial extension 35 and the outside diameter D _A2 of the basic body 55 of the inner ring 19 of the needle bearing 10 , where the outside diameter D _A1 the axial extension 36 larger than the outer diameter D _A2 of the basic body 56 of the inner ring 19 ,

The main body 55 of the inner ring 19 of the needle bearing 10 is preferably to provide a slight press fit or at least free from radial play in the continuous cylindrical bore 58 in the first machine part 34 added. Due to a preferred in the range of Axialverlängerung 35 provided magnetization, the amplitude of the measuring signal 50 of the magnetic field sensor 48 to the measuring device 44 be forwarded, be increased.

The signal generator structure 40 the axial extension 35 For example, by circumferentially preferably uniformly spaced from each other and at least cylindrical holes 60 or oval slots 62 be formed. The holes 60 or the slots 62 the signal generator structure 40 can the axial extension 35 fully penetrate radially or in the manner of peripherally in the axial extension 35 be introduced blind holes or countersinks or grooves. In addition, the signal generator structure 40 the axial extension 35 of the inner ring 19 through at least triangular recesses 64 be realized, which is the axial extension 35 either in the radial direction completely or starting from a cylindrical outer surface 66 the axial extension 35 only partially enforce. Triangular recesses 64 allow, for example, a sense of rotation of the inner ring 19 in relation to the sensor 42 using the measuring device 44 , The axial extension 35 of the inner ring 19 has at least one cylindrical bore 60 , at least one oval slot 62 or at least one triangular recess 64 on.

Alternatively, the signal generator structure 40 also, as indicated by dotted lines, by each radially outwardly directed convex elevations 70 or by radially inwardly directed concave depressions 72 be realized. Here, the signal generator structure 40 with at least one survey 70 or with at least one depression 72 fitted.

Both the wells 72 as well as the surveys 70 Manufacturing technology can be manufactured in a particularly advantageous manner by embossing, punching, caulking or the like. This eliminates more expensive material-removing manufacturing steps, such as drilling, milling and laser or water jet cutting to form the holes 60 , the longholes 62 or the recesses 64 ,

The needle bearing 11 according to 2 consists essentially of an outer ring 20 and one inside the outer ring 20 arranged Kä 12 , in which also acicular rolling elements 14 are arranged. The rolling elements 14 are each about their Wälzkörperlängsmittelachse 16 freely rotatable. The rolling elements 14 roll radially outward on a radially inwardly directed track 18 the largely hollow cylindrical outer ring 20 of the needle bearing 11 as well as radially inwardly at least in the region of the rolling bodies 14 cylindrical shaft 22 or axis 24 from. The longitudinal central axis 26 this wave 22 or axis 24 is shown, which at the same time also the longitudinal center axis of the needle bearing 11 and the needle sleeve or the outer ring 20 is.

The outer ring 20 has two radially inwardly projecting side rims 31 . 33 for the axial guidance of the Ka 12 on. By means of this needle bearing 11 is a first machine part in this embodiment 34 rotatable on the shaft 22 or on the axis 24 stored. At the first machine part 34 it may be, for example, a gear, a planetary gear or a sun gear of a transmission not shown here, a hydraulic drive or the like. Alternatively, the first machine part 34 also be arranged rotationally like a housing, such that the shaft 22 by means of the needle bearing 11 rotatable in the first machine part 34 is stored.

In this second embodiment of an inventively designed needle roller bearing 11 has this on the first side board 31 of the outer ring 20 a radially tapered and sleeve-shaped or at least substantially hollow cylindrical axial extension 36 on, creating a radial shoulder 38 on the outer ring 20 is formed, which at the same time as the first side board 31 serves. Alternatively, the axial extension 36 may also be formed by at least one cantilever-like projection not shown in the drawing.

The sleeve-shaped axial extension 36 of the outer ring 20 is axial from the rolling elements 14 directed away and rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal central axis 26 of the needle bearing 11 educated. The axial extension 36 here also has an example in its circumferential direction U via a surrounding signal generator structure 40 that are contactless with at least one sensor 42 a measuring device 44 interacts. The signal generator structure 40 the axial extension 36 points in the circumferential direction U regularly recurring structural features in order to interact with the sensor 42 generate periodic measurement signals with high angular resolution. The sensor 42 is here at a second, with respect to the rotating first machine part 34 non-rotatable second machine part 46 arranged, such as a machine housing, a transmission housing or the like.

The sensor 42 is also in this second embodiment, a preferred magnetic field sensor 48 from the rotating buzzer structure 40 caused, usually periodic changes of the graphically not shown magnetic field reacts and this in a suitable electronic measurement signal 50 which of the electronic measuring device 44 recorded, if necessary strengthened and evaluated. For this purpose allowed a radial distance A between the signal generator structure 40 and the magnetic field sensor 48 not be too big. In the case of a magnetic field sensor 48 is the radial distance A usually less than 5 mm. In the event that the sensor 42 optical, capacitive or based on another physical mechanism of action, the radial distance A also accept larger values.

The axial extension 36 of the outer ring 20 and the one between the two sides 31 . 33 at least approximately hollow cylindrical body 56 of the outer ring 20 are preferably made of a high-strength, at least partially magnetic or magnetized steel, in particular a steel sheet, for example by forming and stamping. One of the better graphic overview half unnamed radial height of the shoulder 38 or the first side board 31 corresponds approximately to the difference between the outer diameter D _A3 the axial extension 36 and the outside diameter _A4 of the basic body 56 of the outer ring 20 of the needle bearing 11 , where the outside diameter D _A3 the axial extension 36 smaller than the outside diameter _A4 of the basic body 56 of the outer ring 20 ,

The main body 56 of the outer ring 20 of the needle bearing 11 is preferably to provide a slight press fit or at least free from radial play in the continuous cylindrical bore 58 of the first machine part 34 added. Due to a preferred in the range of Axialverlängerung 36 provided magnetization, the amplitude of the measuring signal 50 of the magnetic field sensor 48 to the measuring device 44 be forwarded, be increased.

The signal generator structure 40 the axial extension 36 For example, by circumferentially preferably uniformly spaced from each other and at least cylindrical holes 60 or oval slots 62 be formed. The holes 60 or the slots 62 the signal generator structure 40 can the axial extension 36 fully penetrate radially or in the manner of peripherally in the axial extension 36 be introduced blind holes or countersinks or grooves. In addition, the signal generator structure 40 the axial extension 36 of the outer ring 20 through at least triangular recesses 64 be realized, which is the axial extension 36 either in the radial direction completely or starting from a cylindrical outer surface 67 the axial extension 36 only partially enforce. Triangular recesses 64 allow, for example, a sense of rotation of the outer ring 20 in relation to the sensor 42 using the measuring device 44 , The axial extension 36 of the outer ring 20 has at least one cylindrical bore 60 , at least one oval slot 62 or at least one triangular recess 64 on.

Alternatively, the signal generator structure 40 also, as indicated by dotted lines, each with radially outwardly directed convex elevations 70 or with radially inwardly directed concave depressions 72 be realized. Here, the signal generator structure 40 with at least one survey 70 or with at least one depression 72 fitted.

Both the wells 72 as well as the surveys 70 Manufacturing technology can be manufactured in a particularly advantageous manner by embossing, punching, caulking or the like. This eliminates more expensive material-removing manufacturing steps, such as drilling, milling and laser or water jet cutting to Training of the holes 60 , the longholes 62 or the recesses 64 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Needle bearing with needle sleeve as inner ring

11

Needle roller bearing with needle sleeve as outer ring

12

Cage

14

rolling elements

16

Wälzkörperlängsmittelachse

17

Track on the inner ring of the needle bearing 10

18

Track on the outer ring of the needle bearing 11

19

Needle sleeve, inner ring

20

Needle sleeve, outer ring

22

wave

24

axis

26

Longitudinal axis of the shaft or axle

30

First side board on the inner ring 19

31

First side board on the outer ring 20

32

Second side board on the inner ring 19

33

Second side board on the outer ring 20

34

First machine part

35

Axialverlängerung of the inner ring 19th

36

Axialverlängerung of the outer ring 20th

37

Shoulder on the inner ring 19

38

Shoulder on the outer ring 20

40

Signal transmitter structure

42

sensor

44

Speed measuring device

46

Second machine part

48

magnetic field sensor

50

measuring signal

55

Basic body of the inner ring

56

Basic body of the outer ring

58

Bore in the first machine part

60

Cylindrical bore

62

Oval slot

64

Triangular recess

66

Cylindrical outer surface of the axial extension 35

67

Cylindrical outer surface of the axial extension 36

70

Elevation at the axial extension 35 , 36

72

Recess in the axial extension 35 . 36

A

Radial distance

D _A1

Outer diameter of the axial extension of the inner ring 19th

D _A2

Outer diameter of the inner ring 19th

D _A3

Outer diameter of the axial extension of the outer ring 20th

_A4

Outer diameter of the outer ring 20th

U

Circumferential direction of the axial extension

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 5063346 A [0003]
• DE 10210394 A1 [0004]

Claims (9)

Needle bearing (10, 11) with a needle sleeve (19, 20) and guided in a cage (12) roller-shaped rolling elements (14) which on a track (17, 18) of the needle sleeve (19, 20) and at least one shaft (22), axle (24) or roll on a structural component (34), and in which the needle sleeve (19, 20) has two radial side walls (30, 32, 31, 33) for the axial guidance of the cage (12), characterized in that an axial extension (35, 36), which has a signal transmitter structure (40) for at least one associated sensor (42) of a rotational speed measuring device (44), is formed on the first side board (30, 31). Needle bearing after Claim 1 , characterized in that the needle sleeve is formed as an inner ring (19) or as an outer ring (20). Needle bearing after Claim 2 , characterized in that the axial extension (35, 36) is sleeve-shaped, and that in an embodiment of the needle sleeve as an inner ring (19), the axial extension (35) has an outer diameter (D _A1 ), which by creating the first side board (30) greater than the outer diameter (D _A2 ) of the inner ring (20), and that in an embodiment of the needle sleeve as the outer ring (20), the Axialverlängerung (36) has an outer diameter (D _A3 ), which to create the first side board (31) smaller is as the outer diameter (D _A4 ) of the outer ring (20). Needle bearing after one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the inner ring (19) or the outer ring (20) and the respective axial extension (35, 36) are made in one piece from a high-strength steel. Needle bearing after one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the signal generator structure (40) by at least one cylindrical bore (60) or at least one oval slot (62) is formed. Needle bearing after one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the signal generator structure (40) by at least one triangular recesses (64) is formed. Needle bearing after one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the signal generator structure (40) by at least one radially outward elevation (70) or by at least one radially inwardly directed recess (72) is formed. Needle bearing after one of Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the signal generator structure (40) seen in the circumferential direction (U) of the axial extension (35, 36) has regularly recurring structural features. Needle roller bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial extension (35, 36) is at least partially magnetized.

Images