DE102017125687B3 - DECENTRALIZED SMALL DISTRIBUTOR, LINE SYSTEM AND MANUFACTURING METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a distributed small distribution manifold (100, 200, 300, 900) for deriving electrical power from a live round conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) for a number of loads (151). The decentralized small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) has a first contact element (101, 201, 301) and at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302). The first contact element (101, 201, 301) can be coupled on the input side to the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and coupled on the output side to an input side of the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302). The at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) can be coupled on the output side to at least one of the loads (151). On the output side, the first contact element (101, 201, 301) has a first plug-in contact or a screw bolt or a bore, and the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) has on the input side a second plug contact or a corresponding bore or a corresponding screw bolt. Further, the present invention discloses a corresponding piping system (940) and a corresponding manufacturing method.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a decentralized small distributor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a piping system and a manufacturing method.

State of the art

The present invention will be described below mainly in connection with on-board electrical systems of vehicles. However, the present invention is not limited to use in vehicles and can be used in any electrical network.

The physical on-board network of vehicles has the task of supplying control devices and electrical loads with electrical energy and a data connection. In particular, the power cord to supply the control units and electrical loads with electrical energy is steadily increasing in size and weight because of the ever-increasing number of consumers in the electrical system. Usually, the electrical lines only take over the energy transport. The power distribution is possible only at the end of the line, for example, with the help of power distribution.

In modern vehicles, not only does the range of functions increase with electrical consumers. Furthermore, for example, with 48 V to the existing 12 V voltage level adds another voltage. In addition, separate space for 12 V, 48 V, and the FUSI-HAF supplies (reliable high-automated driving) is required.

The DE 10 2016 102 281 A1 shows a system for making an electrical connection with an aluminum flat conductor, for example in a vehicle in which a clip is placed over the conductor.

Description of the invention

An object of the invention is therefore to minimize the extent and weight of the electrical system using structurally simple means possible.

The object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying figures.

1. 1. Die Ebene der Generator-Batterieanbindung mit Batteriehauptverteiler (HSV)
2. 2. Die Ebene der Hauptverteilung vom Batteriehauptverteiler zu den Sicherungs- und Relaisboxen (SV)
3. 3. Die Ebene der Unterverteilung von den SV zu den Verbrauchern

The present invention is based on the finding that conventional vehicle electrical system topologies are disadvantageous in terms of installation space and weight. Conventional on-board network topologies have several levels:

1. 1. The level of generator battery connection with main battery distributor (HSV)
2. 2. The level of the main distribution from the main battery distributor to the fuse and relay boxes (SV)
3. 3. The level of subdistribution from SV to consumers

Conventional on-board network topologies have central distribution nodes. Such distribution nodes simultaneously represent the interface between the planes and are provided at the line ends. Since a distribution over the surface of the vehicle has to be made in all three levels, there are many supply lines in conventional 12 V electrical systems which are laid parallel and lead to the same supply potential.

The present invention, however, avoids parallel paths of power supply for the individual levels and ensures the shortest possible connection of each load.

For this purpose, the present invention provides a conduit system. The pipe system has at least one strand. This strand again has at least one round conductor. For example, a wiring harness may extend from the battery across a vehicle. Instead of central power distributors, however, the line system has the at least one round conductor, at the length of which local decentralized branches, that is, for example, decentralized small distributors, are arranged close to the loads. The decentralized small distributors contact the round conductor directly and allow branching of line starting from the round conductor, without individual levels in the vehicle would have to be laid parallel. Such a round conductor, from which lines can branch directly to the consumer, can also be called multi-drop distributor. By partially stripping the round conductor only in the appropriate places, the round conductor can be contacted at any position and center taps are possible.

To enable such branches, for example, the decentralized small distribution are provided. A direct contact with the round conductor is also possible. The decentralized small distributors can contact the round conductor at any point directly and thus enable a branching starting from the round conductor at arbitrary points of the round conductor.

For this purpose, the decentralized small distributors provide the first contact element, which is electrically connected to coupled to the round conductor. Furthermore, the decentralized small distributors provide the second contact elements, which are directly or indirectly coupled to the first contact element and are further coupled to a conductor or a load. It is understood that further elements can be arranged between the first contact element and the second contact elements, as described below.

The first contact element consequently serves to contact the circular conductor. It therefore decouples the electrical power from the round conductor and can therefore distribute electrical power to corresponding consumers. The second contact elements serve to transmit the electrical power to the respective consumer. As a consumer in the sense of the present patent application, all consumers of electrical power can be understood. An electrical consumer can thus be, for example, a control unit, an actuator or the like. However, an electrical load can also be, for example, another round conductor, for example a secondary conductor.

The present invention thus makes it possible to arrange at any point of the round conductor a branch for supplying electrical consumers. The earth return can be done via the conductive body of the vehicle. Alternatively, a second round conductor can be provided with corresponding decentralized small distributors, which serves as a mass return to the energy source, so for example the vehicle battery.

Since the decentralized small distributor can be manufactured with very small dimensions, this can be integrated, for example, in a trunk group.

Further embodiments and further developments emerge from the subclaims and from the description with reference to the figures.

In one embodiment, the output side of the first contact element may have a first plug contact or a screw bolt or a bore for screwing. The second contact elements may on the input side each have a second plug contact or a corresponding bolt or a bore. It is understood that another type of contacting, for example Toxen (= clinching), is also possible.

For example, the first contact element and the second contact elements can be coupled directly to each other. For this purpose, the first plug contact and the second plug contacts may be formed, for example, as a male and female part of a plug connection.

If the first contact element and the second contact elements are connected directly to one another, the respective consumer can be coupled very easily to the round conductor. For this purpose, only the consumer with the second contact elements, for example, must be coupled via a line and the second contact elements serve as supply plug of the consumer.

Alternatively, the first contact element and the second contact elements can also be indirectly coupled together. An indirect coupling is to be understood as meaning that at least one further element is arranged between the first contact element and the second contact elements. This makes it possible to integrate different functions, such as fuses and diagnostic elements, into the decentralized small distributor. Alternatively or additionally, at least one securing element can also be integrated in one of the contact elements. Such a fuse element may be formed, for example as a fuse as a taper of the material of the respective contact element. Such fuses can also be called punched grid fuses.

In one embodiment, the first contact element can have a flat contact plate for coupling to the round conductor, which can be arranged between the circular conductor and the first plug contact.

For reasons of weight, aluminum is often used in modern vehicles as a material for cable strands. Plug contacts should be formed due to the mechanical stability and conductivity but of copper. If the transition between aluminum and copper becomes damp, electrocorrosion can damage the connection. At the transition between aluminum and copper, a seal against penetrating moisture is necessary. A seal of the usually round circular conductor can be performed at the junction with the first contact element. To isolate or protect against corrosion of such a compound, the compound may be cast, sprayed, foamed or painted, for example. Furthermore, bonding, for example with butyl, is possible. Furthermore, a split single core seal can be used. Instead of a conventional single wire seal, which is pushed onto one end of a line, two halves of a single wire seal are placed around the line in a split single wire seal.

In particular, with different materials of the circular conductor and the first plug contact, the contact plate can therefore serve as a spacer, for example, which is formed from the material of the circular conductor and the first plug contact so distanced from the round conductor, that sealing the connection only between the contact plate and the first Plug contact is necessary. However, this connection can be optimized geometrically for a seal due to the distance to the circular round conductor or be provided separately with a corrosion protection. The contact plate serves in this case, for example, as a contact or welding strap for welding to the round conductor, for example by means of ultrasound. It is understood that any other type of electrical contacting is also possible. For example, a crimped connection can be used to contact the circular conductor with the first contact element. Crimping can be used in particular with a round conductor and a contact element made of copper.

In one embodiment, the contact sheet may be formed to be a weld space boundary during welding, which is normally realized by a side shifter. This makes it possible to realize a more compact contact area by the contact element is applied directly to the welding node. The housing size of the small distributors can be reduced even further.

In one embodiment, the contact plate may be formed of aluminum and the first plug contact may have a Klemmkontant made of copper and / or a contact comb made of copper.

As stated above, releasable clamping connections should be made of copper due to the mechanical stability and the high conductivity. If a single terminal contact is provided as the first plug-in contact, this can be coupled, for example, directly with a fuse or plug-in fuse. In contrast, a contact comb, for example, can be coupled to a multiplicity of corresponding contact springs of a carrier board, standard plug-in fuses or the like.

The contact plate made of aluminum can be connected, for example by means of roll cladding with the contact comb made of copper, so it creates a bimetal. The contact comb can be punched, for example, from copper sheet. The connection point can then, for example, be galvanically coated with nickel and tin or silver or corresponding alloys. As a result, effective corrosion protection can be ensured.

By laying the material transition between aluminum and copper away from the round conductor, the decentralized small distributor can be prefabricated, without the entire round conductor would have to be processed for galvanic treatment.

It is understood that a seal or at least covering the weld between the round conductor and contact plate but also possible.

In one embodiment, the decentralized small distributor can have an electrical component, in particular a fuse and / or a diagnostic device, which can be arranged between the first contact element and the second contact elements.

The electrical component may for example be a fuse or the like and is coupled to the output of the first contact element and to the input of the second contact elements. It is understood that the electrical component for each of the second contact elements may have its own electrical element, that is, for example, its own fuse.

The diagnostic device may, for example, be a device which monitors the voltage level on the branch or branches provided by the small electrical distributor from the round conductor and outputs a corresponding diagnostic signal which can be evaluated, for example, by a central control unit. For example, a P-type MOSFET can be used, the gate of which is coupled to the voltage path to be monitored. For example, the MOSFET may be disposed between a voltage-carrying signal line and ground. If there is a short circuit on the voltage path to be monitored, the MOSFET is turned on and the voltage of the signal line is dissipated to ground. The signal on the signal line changes from high to low. It is understood that a plurality of voltage paths to be monitored by diodes separated from each other can be connected in parallel to the gate of the MOSFET.

In one embodiment, the first plug contact and the second plug contacts each have clamping contacts for receiving flat contact lugs. Instead of a connection of, for example, fuses with the contact elements on the plug contacts or their terminal contacts a contacting by bolts is also possible. Fuses can also be vertoxt directly with the copper sheet, for example.

The first plug contact, for example, each have a terminal contact for each of the second plug contacts. The terminal contacts can serve, for example, to accommodate the usual in vehicles plug-in fuses, such as fuses to ISO 8820-3, and to contact both mechanically and electrically.

In one embodiment, the decentralized small distributor can have at least one electrical connection element which can be coupled on the input side to the first plug contact and which can be coupled on the output side to the second plug contact, wherein the at least one connection element can have a receptacle for at least one component.

The connecting element may for example have a carrier or a carrier board. On the carrier board can be arranged very flexible other components. For example, fuses, diagnostic circuits and the like may be arranged on such a connector. On such a board but additionally or alternatively, further active elements, such as controllers, voltage converters and the like can be arranged. For example, a voltage transformer can be arranged directly on the connecting element and, for example, provide a voltage of 5 V or 3.3 V for supplying microelectronic components starting from a 12 V line.

Further, for example, switching elements such as MOSFETs may be provided on the connector to enable intelligent protection of the supply. In combination with a controller, the circuit can be done, for example, via control commands, which are transmitted via a LIN or CAN bus.

The receptacle for the at least one component may be formed, for example, as a soldering point or solder pad or hole in a circuit board. Additionally or alternatively, the connecting element may have plug contacts or clamping receptacles for further components.

In one embodiment, the decentralized small distributor can have a housing which can surround the first contact element with the round conductor and the second contact element. The housing may also have the receptacle for plug-in fuses or a circuit board and be used to attach the strand distributor to the body and thus take over the function of a holding part for the round conductor. For this purpose, the housing may for example have bores or latching pins or the like.

The housing may have a plurality of housing elements. For example, a housing shell can receive the first contact element with the round conductor and the second contact element. A housing cover can close the housing shell. It is understood that corresponding seals between the housing shell and housing cover or housing shell and round conductor or the contact elements can be arranged.

The housing may also serve as a strain relief and secure, for example, the second contact element against unintentional withdrawal from the first contact element, when they are directly coupled together.

Furthermore, the housing can hold the first contact element and the second contact element in position if they have, for example, clamping contacts for receiving a connecting element or a fuse.

In one embodiment, at least one of the branches may comprise a distributed small distributor according to the present invention. At least one of the decentralized small distributors can be indirectly coupled to at least one of the consumers and a secondary conductor can be arranged between the corresponding decentralized small distributor and the at least one consumer.

By a secondary conductor is meant a conductor that carries less electric power, that is, at the same voltage, less current than the main conductor. The secondary conductor may for example also be a round conductor and can therefore be made smaller than the main conductor. Of course, a corresponding decentralized small distributor can also be provided at the branch from the secondary conductor to the respective consumer.

It is understood that the principle of the secondary strands can be cascaded as desired. From a secondary conductor can therefore branch off a smaller secondary conductor. It is only important to note that the current carrying capacity of higher-order conductors is not exceeded by the sum of the currents in the subordinate conductors. The coupling of the secondary conductors with the respective main conductor can be done decentralized via direct connections, such as welded joints, crimp connections, decentralized small distribution according to the present invention or the like.

list of figures

• 1 ein Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines dezentralen Kleinverteilers gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 2 ein Blockschaltbild eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines dezentralen Kleinverteilers gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 3 ein weiteres Blockschaltbild des Ausführungsbeispiels eines dezentralen Kleinverteilers gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung der 2;
• 4 ein Blockschaltbild eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines dezentralen Kleinverteilers gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 5 ein weiteres Blockschaltbild des Ausführungsbeispiels eines dezentralen Kleinverteilers gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung der 4;
• 6 ein Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Hauptleiters gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 7 ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Herstellverfahrens gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 8 ein Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung zumindest eines Schrittes eines Herstellverfahrens gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 9 ein Blockschaltbild eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung zumindest eines Schrittes eines Herstellverfahrens gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 10 ein Blockschaltbild eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung zumindest eines Schrittes eines Herstellverfahrens gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
• 11 eine schematische Darstellung einer möglichen Ausführungsform des ersten Kontaktelements; und
• 12 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Leitungssystems gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung.

Hereinafter, advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 a block diagram of an embodiment of a decentralized small distributor according to the present invention;
• 2 a block diagram of another embodiment of a decentralized small distributor according to the present invention;
• 3 a further block diagram of the embodiment of a decentralized small distributor according to the present invention of 2 ;
• 4 a block diagram of another embodiment of a decentralized small distributor according to the present invention;
• 5 a further block diagram of the embodiment of a decentralized small distributor according to the present invention of 4 ;
• 6 a block diagram of an embodiment of a main conductor according to the present invention;
• 7 a flowchart of an embodiment of a manufacturing method according to the present invention;
• 8th a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for performing at least one step of a manufacturing method according to the present invention;
• 9 a block diagram of another embodiment of an apparatus for performing at least one step of a manufacturing method according to the present invention;
• 10 a block diagram of another embodiment of an apparatus for performing at least one step of a manufacturing method according to the present invention;
• 11 a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the first contact element; and
• 12 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a conduit system according to the present invention.

The figures are merely schematic representations and serve only to illustrate the invention. Identical or equivalent elements are consistently provided with the same reference numerals.

Detailed description

1 shows a block diagram of a decentralized small distributor 100 , The decentralized small distributor 100 serves the diversion of electrical power from a live round conductor 150 for a number of consumers 151 For example, via a line 103 with the decentralized small distributor 100 are coupled. The decentralized small distributor 100 has a first contact element 101 on, with the round ladder 150 is coupled. Furthermore, the decentralized small distributor has 100 a second contact element 102 on. The second contact element 102 is detachable with the first contact element 101 coupled and thus connects the consumer 151 over the line 103 with the round ladder 150 ,

By way of example only, the first contact element 101 and the second contact element 102 shown as a male-female pair. It is understood that other embodiments are also possible. In particular, between the first contact element 101 and the second contact element 102 be arranged further elements, such as in 2 - 5 is explained.

The first contact element 101 is in a section through the round conductor 151 along its longitudinal axis tangentially coupled thereto, thus extending laterally away from this. At its end, the first contact element 101 a bush-like recess into which the second contact element 102 intervenes. This recess is angled by 90 °. It is understood that the recess also in a straight line on the first contact element 101 can be arranged.

With the decentralized small distributor 100 can be anywhere on the round ladder 150 a diversion will be created over which consumers 151 can be supplied with electrical energy.

2 shows a block diagram of a decentralized small distributor 200 , The decentralized small distributor 200 based on the decentralized small distributor 100 and also has a first contact element 201 on which with the round conductor 250 is coupled. Furthermore, a second contact element 202 provided, which output side with a line 203 is provided to contact one or more consumers (not shown).

The decentralized small distributor 200 further includes a housing having a first housing shell 205 or a yoke 205 and a second housing shell 206 having. Furthermore, a connecting element 207 provided, which between the first contact element 201 and the second contact element 202 is arranged. Of the round conductor 250 lies between the first housing shell 205 and the second housing shell 206 , Be the first housing shell 205 and the second housing shell 206 joined together, these consequently close the round conductor 250 together with the first contact element 201 one. The second contact element 202 For example, in a cavity of the second housing shell 206 be introduced and latch there, for example. It is understood that additional sealing measures can be made, which are not explicitly shown here.

In the decentralized small distributor 200 Both are the first contact element 201 as well as the second contact element 202 from the same direction in the second housing shell 206 introduced. The connecting element 207 in contrast, from the opposite side into the second housing shell 206 introduced. The first contact element 201 and the second contact element 202 Thus, for example, the two contacts form a receptacle into which the connecting element 207 is inserted.

The connecting element 207 may for example have its own housing or be designed as an open component. For example, the connecting element 207 be a support plate, from which in the direction of the first contact element 201 and the second contact element 202 Contact banners extend. On one or both sides of the carrier board further electrical components can be arranged. For example, fuses and diagnostic or monitoring devices and / or switching elements can be arranged on the carrier board.

3 shows a further block diagram of the decentralized small distributor 200 in assembled condition. In the 3 you can see how the round conductor 250 together with the first contact element 201 through the first housing shell 205 and the second housing shell 206 is included and held. It can also be seen that the contact lugs of the connecting element 207 in the first contact element 201 and the second contact element 202 intervention.

4 shows a block diagram of another decentralized small distributor 300 , The decentralized small distributor 300 also has a first housing shell 305 on which the first contact element 301 and the second contact element 302 receives.

The first contact element 301 is with the round ladder 350 coupled, for example, welded and has a 90 ° angle, a part of the first contact element 301 thus extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the circular conductor 350 , The first housing shell 305 includes the first contact element 301 and the second contact element 302 such that their ends are opposite each other. The distance between the first contact element 301 and the second contact element 302 is doing through the first housing shell 305 determined and can be set, for example, such that it corresponds to the distance of the solder tails usual vehicle plug fuses.

The first contact element 301 has a terminal contact 310 on and the second contact element 302 has a corresponding terminal contact 311 on. The terminal contacts 310 . 311 For example, can accommodate the tabs of a car fuse.

It is understood that at least for the first contact element 301 Also, a geometry can be selected, which several terminal contacts 310 has, so that a plurality of second contact elements 302 in each case, for example, via a plug fuse with the first contact element 301 can be coupled.

5 shows a further block diagram of the decentralized small distributor 300 with closed housing. So there is a second housing shell 306 on the first housing shell 305 , The second housing shell 306 is formed such that it has a receiving opening for a plug-in fuse 307 directly above the terminal contact 310 and the clamp contact 311 having. When inserting the fuse 307 leads the second housing shell 306 the fuse 307 Consequently, so that their contact lugs directly into the terminal contact 310 and the clamp contact 311 be introduced.

The second housing shell 306 also has latching noses 312 . 313 on which the fuse 307 hold in place when it is plugged in. It is understood that an alternative fixation, for example, with sliders or levers is also possible. Furthermore, it is understood that a fixation for the connecting element 207 in the decentralized small distributor 200 can be provided.

6 shows a block diagram of a main conductor 450 for a decentralized small distributor. The main conductor 450 consists of an aluminum core 453 with a jacket or insulation 452 , The main conductor 450 is stripped locally in two places. In these places becomes the main conductor 450 each through a contact plate 417 . 418 contacted. The contact sheets 417 . 418 For example, to the aluminum core 453 be welded. Each of the contact sheets 417 . 418 is also with a contact comb 419 . 420 coupled. The contact combs 419 . 420 consist at least largely of copper. The unit made of contact sheet 417 respectively 418 and contact comb 419 respectively 420 each forms a first contact element.

This design of the first contact elements allows prefabrication of the contact elements. So can the aluminum contact sheets 417 . 418 for example, by roll cladding with the respective contact comb 419 . 420 get connected. Subsequently, a corrosion protection example of nickel and zinc or silver or an alloy can be applied thereto, for example, galvanically. The connection between the contact elements and the main conductor 450 can then be done for example by welding. Since this compound is a combination of aluminum with aluminum, there are no increased requirements for corrosion protection.

For ease of understanding, reference numerals will be used in the following description 1-6 retained as a reference.

7 shows a flowchart of a manufacturing method for producing a decentralized small distributor 100 . 200 . 300 for branching off electrical power from a live round conductor 150 . 250 . 350 . 450 . 550 . 650 for a consumer 151 ,

In a first step S1 the provision of a first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 and a number of second contact elements 102 . 202 . 302 provided. In a second step S2 the coupling becomes the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 on the input side with the round conductor 150 . 250 . 350 . 450 . 550 . 650 and on the output side with an input side of the second contact elements 102 . 202 . 302 coupled. Finally, in a third step S3 coupling the second contact elements 102 . 202 . 302 on the output side with at least one of the consumers 151 coupled.

The first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 can also be provided on the output side with a first plug contact and the second contact elements 102 . 202 . 302 can be provided on the input side each with a second plug contact. The first plug contact and a second plug contact can engage directly with each other when the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 and one or more of the second contact elements 102 . 202 . 302 be joined together.

In the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 For example, a flat trained contact plate 417 . 418 . 517 . 617 , in particular of aluminum, between the round conductor 150 . 250 . 350 . 450 . 550 . 650 and the first plug contact can be arranged. At the first plug contact may further comprise a Klemmkontant of copper and / or a contact comb 419 . 420 be arranged in copper, with the contact plate 417 . 418 . 517 . 617 is coupled.

Furthermore, an electrical component, for example a fuse and / or a diagnostic device, between the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 and the second contact elements 102 . 202 . 302 to be ordered. At the first plug contact and the second plug contacts to each terminal contacts 310 . 311 be arranged for receiving flat contact lugs.

An electrical connection element 207 . 307 can be coupled on the input side with the first plug contact and the output side are coupled to the second plug contact. It is therefore between the first plug contact and the second plug contact. The connecting element 207 . 307 may further comprise a receptacle for at least one component.

Finally, a housing around the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 with the round ladder 150 . 250 . 350 . 450 . 550 . 650 and the second contact element 102 . 202 . 302 be placed. The housing thus encloses the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 with the round ladder 150 . 250 . 350 . 450 . 550 . 650 and the second contact element 102 . 202 . 302 , The housing can at the same time a holder for the connecting element between the first contact element 101 . 201 . 301 and the second contact element 102 . 202 . 302 be. Such a connection element may, for example, a fuse (see 5 ), a board or a conductive bridge.

8th shows a block diagram of a welding device 530 for performing at least one step of a manufacturing method according to the present invention in three different states, before welding, during welding and after welding.

The left diagram shows the welding device before welding. The welding device 530 has an anvil 534 on which the round ladder 550 rests. A contact sheet 517 lies between the anvil 534 and the round ladder 550 ,

Right and left of the anvil 534 is each a side shifter 531 . 532 arranged. Above the round ladder 550 is a sonotrode 533 arranged. Because the contact plate 517 on the left side over the anvil 534 stands out, is the left side slider 531 . 532 designed to be long enough so that it over the contact plate 517 to the round ladder 550 protrudes. Furthermore, the contact comb can be used as a side shifter (see 10 ). Thus, a side shifter can be omitted. In machine construction, this results in a further degree of freedom and there are fewer restrictions on the comb design.

During welding (middle illustration) the side shifters become 531 . 532 to the round ladder 550 introduced and the sonotrode 533 on the round ladder 550 lowered. Ultrasound passing through the sonotrode 533 is sent out, welded the contact plate 517 with the round ladder 550 , After that, the side shifters 531 . 532 moved back and the welding process is completed (right illustration).

9 shows a block diagram of another welding device 630 , The welding device 630 resembles the welding device 530 However, the two sideshift 631 . 632 identical, so short to the side shifter 531 , The contact sheet 617 in the welding device 630 is at the edge of the anvil 634 angled and therefore takes up less space. This allows the use of the short sideshifter 631 . 632 , Such sideshifter 631 . 632 For example, can already be present in welding devices, for the contacting of the round conductor 650 already exist.

It is understood that in the 5 and 6 illustrated contact sheets 517 . 617 which may already be provided with a contact comb or another contact.

10 shows a block diagram of another welding device 730 , The welding device 730 resembles the welding device 730 but it only has one side shifter 731 on. The contact sheet 717 in the welding device 730 is on the side, which is the side shifter 731 opposite, bent 90 ° upwards. The anvil 734 has an increase or support for the contact plate 717 on. In the arrangement of the welding device 730 is just a side shifter 731 present, reducing the structure of the welding device 730 considerably simplified.

11 shows a possible embodiment of the first contact element 817 which is in the welding device 730 can be used. Accordingly, the contact element 817 a stepped shape, which on the anvil 734 the welding device 730 can be placed.

The contact element 817 also has an opening between bore 835 on. The hole 835 serves to the contact element 817 for example, to pair with a backup. For this purpose, for example, a bolt can be used.

12 shows a pipe system 940 , The pipe system 940 has a round conductor 950 on. The round ladder 950 is with a battery 941 coupled. Furthermore, on the round conductor 950 a branch in the form of a decentralized small distributor 900 provided over which a consumer 942 is supplied.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100, 200, 300, 900

decentralized small distributor

101, 201, 301

first contact element

102, 202, 302

second contact element

103, 203, 303

management

205, 206, 305, 306

shell

207, 307

connecting member

310, 311

clamping contact

312, 313

locking lugs

417, 418, 517, 617, 717, 817

contact sheet

419, 420

Contact comb

530, 630, 730

welder

531, 532, 631, 632, 731

Sideshift

533, 633, 733

sonotrode

534, 634, 734

anvil

835

drilling

940

line system

941

battery

942

consumer

150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, 950

round conductor

151

consumer

452

aluminum core

453

insulation

S1, S2, S3

steps

Claims (13)

Distributed small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) for branching electrical power from a live round conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) for a number of consumers (151), comprising a first contact element (101, 201, 301) and at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302), wherein the first contact element (101, 201, 301) can be coupled on the input side to the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and is coupled on the output side to an input side of the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302), wherein the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) can be coupled on the output side to at least one of the loads (151), wherein the first contact element (101, 201, 301) has on the output side a first plug contact or a screw bolt or a bore and wherein the At least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) on the input side has a second plug contact or a corresponding bore or a corresponding screw bolt. Decentralized small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) after Claim 1 wherein the first contact element (101, 201, 301) has a flat contact plate (417, 418, 517, 617, 717, 817) for coupling to the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650), which between the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and the first plug contact is arranged. Decentralized small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) after Claim 2 wherein the contact plate (417, 418, 517, 617, 717, 817) is formed of aluminum and the first plug contact comprises a terminal contact made of copper and / or a contact comb (419, 420) made of copper. Distributed small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) after one of the Claims 1 to 3 , with an electrical component, in particular a fuse and / or a diagnostic device, which is arranged between the first contact element (101, 201, 301) and the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302). Distributed small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) after one of the Claims 1 to 4 wherein the first plug contact and the second plug contacts each have clamping contacts (310, 311) for receiving flat contact lugs. Distributed small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) after one of the Claims 1 to 5 , with at least one electrical connection element (207, 307) which is coupled on the input side to the first plug contact and which is coupled on the output side to the second plug contact, wherein the at least one connecting element (207, 307) has a receptacle for at least one component. A decentralized small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a housing which encloses the first contact element (101, 201, 301) with the round conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) encloses. A conduit system (940) for supplying electrical consumers (151) in a vehicle, comprising a main conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) coupled to a power source and having at least one distributed distribution (100, 200, 300, 900) which is coupled to the main conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and to at least one of the consumers (151), wherein at least one of the distributed distributions (100, 200, 300, 900) has a decentralized small distributors according to one of Claims 1 to 7 having. Line system (940) after Claim 8 in which at least one of the distributed small distributors (100, 200, 300, 900) is indirectly coupled to at least one of the consumers (151) and between the corresponding distributed small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) and the at least one consumer (151) a secondary conductor is arranged. Manufacturing method for producing a decentralized small distributor (100, 200, 300, 900) for branching electrical power from a live conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) for a consumer (151), comprising the steps: Providing (S1) a first contact element (101, 201, 301) and at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302), Coupling (S2) of the first contact element (101, 201, 301) on the input side with the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and on the output side with an input side of the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302), and Coupling (S3) of the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) on the output side to at least one of the consumers (151), wherein the first contact element (101, 201, 301) on the output side is provided with a first plug contact or a screw bolt or a bore and wherein the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) on the input side each with a second plug contact or a corresponding bore or a corresponding bolt is provided. Production method according to Claim 10 , wherein in the first contact element (101, 201, 301) a flat contact plate (417, 418, 517, 617, 717, 817), in particular of aluminum, for coupling to the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550 , 650) between the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and the first plug contact is arranged, and wherein on the first plug contact a Klemmkontant made of copper and / or a contact comb (419, 420) made of copper is arranged ; and or wherein an electrical component, in particular a fuse and / or a diagnostic device, between the first contact element (101, 201, 301) and the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302) is arranged, wherein at the first plug contact and at the second Plug contacts each terminal contacts (310, 311) are arranged for receiving flat contact lugs. Production method according to one of Claims 10 and 11 , wherein at least one electrical connection element (207, 307) is coupled on the input side to the first plug contact and is coupled on the output side to the second plug contact, wherein the at least one connecting element (207, 307) has a receptacle for at least one component. Production method according to one of the previous Claims 10 to 12 wherein a housing is placed around the first contact element (101, 201, 301) with the circular conductor (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650) and the at least one second contact element (102, 202, 302).

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