DE102017119493A1 - Torsionally flexible coupling and torsionally elastic damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coupling (1) for transmitting a torque from an input shaft (2) to an output shaft (2). For the transmission of an introduced torque radially arranged leaf springs (4) are provided. The leaf springs (4) are releasably mounted end, to allow replacement of the leaf springs (4). Thus, individual heavily loaded leaf springs (4) can be exchanged or it can be changed by preferably the replacement of all leaf springs, the characteristic of the clutch (1). This allows adaptation to changing requirements. This can be advantageous in particular when using the coupling (1) in measurement setups.

Description

The invention relates to a torsionally elastic coupling or a torsionally elastic damper.

From the AT 406 293 is a torsional vibration damper or a torsionally elastic and vibration damping coupling known. This damper / clutch has inserted between an inner part and an outer part radial spring elements for torque transmission. This damper / clutch has separating webs arranged between the radial spring elements, chambers being formed by the separating webs and the radial spring elements. These chambers are filled with a liquid. The radial spring elements are clamped one end in the outer part between spacers and engage other ends in axial grooves of the inner part. In a torque transmission occurs between the inner part and outer part to a relative movement due to elastic deformation of the radial spring elements. By the liquid-filled chambers, a damping of the relative movement is achieved.

From the DE 28 48 781 is another elastic shaft coupling with radially arranged spring elements known. The spring elements are integrally formed with an outer ring. Liquid chambers are in turn arranged between the radial spring elements. The radially arranged spring elements are mounted end in a radially inner primary coupling part.

From the JP 2002 115 726 is a damper known for absorbing vibrations in a drive train. The damper disclosed therein has spring elements aligned in the radial direction. The spring elements are mounted radially on the outside by means of rotatably mounted elements.

Highly flexible couplings for use in drive trains are known. Such highly elastic couplings have a solid element consisting of elastomer. The elastic deformability of this elastomeric element is temperature-dependent.

Highly elastic couplings can also be used as dampers. Then one end is connected to the drive train or to the exciter and the other end can swing freely.

The invention was based on the object to provide an improved coupling.

In particular, the invention was based on the object to provide a clutch that is flexible and whose life is increased.

Furthermore, the invention was based on providing a method for maintenance and / or modification of the coupling.

The object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 14. Further advantageous features of the embodiment according to the invention can be found in the subclaims.

In the embodiment of the invention, the object of the invention is achieved by a coupling for transmitting torque from an input shaft to an output shaft, wherein the clutch comprises leaf springs and the leaf springs are arranged in the radial direction and the leaf springs are detachably received in the clutch, so that a Replacement of the leaf springs at standstill of the clutch is possible. By selecting leaf springs with a different spring characteristic, the coupling can be adapted to changing requirements. In addition, by replacing individual leaf springs wear of the leaf springs can be compensated. As a result, an increase in the service life of the clutch is achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the leaf springs are mounted non-positively on one of the ends, preferably on the radially outer end. Due to the frictional connection, a relative movement of the leaf spring and non-positive mounting can take place, which has an influence on a possible angle of rotation of the output shaft to the input shaft. Here, on the one hand, the maximum achievable angle of rotation and the time profile of the twist angle to be achieved are determined.

In one embodiment, the leaf springs are mounted radially outside positively. There are provided stops for the positive reception of the leaf springs. The attacks can still be provided with a damping element. In particular, the stops can be designed in the form of webs. The webs serve here as a counter-stop and have, depending on the material on an optionally additional damping property. The twist angle is then determined by the stiffness of the leaf spring. The rigidity can be adjusted by the material, in particular fiber material, the leaf springs such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber and the layer structure, in particular the number of layers and fiber angle, the geometric dimensions of the leaf spring such as length, width and shape and the number of leaf springs.

In a further embodiment, clamping elements are provided for the frictional bearing. These clamping elements are provided for the provision of a clamping force. By the Clamping force, the non-positive mounting of the leaf springs is achieved. In addition, the clamping elements can also have a damping effect. By selecting the nature of the clamping elements, the acting clamping force and possibly damping effect can be predetermined. It can be provided that the clamping elements are formed elastically deformable. Thereby, a clamping characteristic can be predetermined predetermined. Furthermore, the clamping characteristic is also influenced by the surface texture in the event of relative movement of leaf spring and clamping element.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the clamping elements are detachably arranged. As a result, an exchange of the clamping elements is possible. By replacing preferably all clamping elements, the characteristic of the coupling can be selectively changed and adapted to changing requirements. Furthermore, an exchange of individual worn clamping elements is possible. Thus, the detachable arrangement of the clamping elements brings several advantages with it.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided to use leaf springs, wherein the leaf springs at least partially, preferably entirely, consist of a fiber composite material. Compared to steel springs leaf springs with fiber composite material are much easier and continue to leaf springs made of a fiber composite insensitive to dirt and moisture. There is no risk of corrosion, low tendency to fatigue, long service life and low thermal expansion. By choosing the fiber guide and the shape design predetermined spring characteristics can be achieved. In particular, leaf springs made of carbon fiber composite material have proven to be advantageous, which are characterized in particular by resilience and low weight.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the leaf spring is fixedly mounted at one end, preferably with a positive fit. In particular, by a positive bearing storage of the leaf spring can be achieved in a simple manner.

In a preferred embodiment, a slotted adapter ring is provided for receiving the inner ends of the leaf springs. The slots are designed to match the shape of the leaf springs. The slots could also be formed directly in the output shaft. Furthermore, the leaf springs have a wedge shape, wherein the leaf springs taper radially outward. Due to the wedge shape, the elasticity of the leaf spring can be strengthened.

In a preferred embodiment, for connection to the output shaft is an annular radially inner receptacle 12 provided and the leaf springs are connected to the output shaft via this annular inner receptacle. The leaf springs are firmly connected to the inner receptacle.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the leaf springs are glued to the inner receptacle and for an exchange, the bond is released or the inner receptacle is exchanged with. This may be advantageous in the case where all leaf springs are replaced. Then the pre-assembled inner mount with all leaf springs can be mounted in one step. To connect the leaf springs with the inner receptacle may also be provided that the receptacle is expanded for mounting, e.g. by heating.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the leaf springs are releasably connected to the annular radially inner receptacle and / or the annular radially inner receptacle is detachably connectable to the output shaft.

In a preferred embodiment, the provision of an overload protection is provided. In the event of an overload, the connection is released between one of the receptacles, inside and outside, of the leaf springs. As a result, no or only limited torque can be transmitted by means of the leaf springs. Preferably, the frictional connection provided at one end is designed such that when an overload occurs, the effect of the overload releases this connection. Thus, e.g. a maximum allowable angle of rotation can be provided and carried out when exceeding this angle of rotation due to the selected length extension and elastic deformability of the leaf spring releasing the leaf spring from the clamp.

In a further embodiment, at least one ring element is provided for changing and / or adjusting a diffraction point of some leaf springs, preferably all leaf springs.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the radially outer receptacle comprises clamping elements for providing a frictional connection of the leaf springs. These clamping elements are preferably arranged interchangeable in the receptacle. Thus, a replacement in wear and an adjustment of the clamping by replacing the clamping elements can be easily performed. As a result, in particular, the clutch can be used even with changed boundary conditions, in which otherwise another clutch would have to be used without this adaptation. An adaptation or change of the characteristics of the Coupling may be required in particular when using the coupling in experimental setups to perform required tests can.

It has proven to be advantageous to use clamping elements which comprise an elastomer as a component. In particular, silicone has proven to be particularly suitable as a material for the clamping elements.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the leaf springs of the coupling of an end with the engine flywheel are preferably connected via clamping elements. Preferably, the leaf springs are each frictionally connected to the radially outer end with an engine flywheel.

A preferred embodiment of a clutch for transmitting a torque of an input shaft to an output shaft is a clutch having an annular radially inner receptacle and a radially outer receptacle and with radially disposed leaf springs, wherein the leaf springs are each connected at one end fixed to one of the receptacle and others Ends are positively connected to a receptacle and one of the receptacles is connectable to an input shaft and the other receptacle is connectable to an output shaft. Preferably, at least partially made of fiber composite leaf springs are used.

• • zu mindestens teilweise Entfernung einer Hausung
• • Entfernen von auszutauschenden Blattfedern
• • vorzugsweise Austausch eines oder mehrerer Klemmelemente
• • Montage von neuen Blattfedern an Fehlstellen
• • Verschließen der Hausung.

Method of servicing a clutch according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:

• • at least partially removing a house
• • Remove leaf springs to be replaced
• • preferably replacement of one or more clamping elements
• • Assembly of new leaf springs at flaws
• • closing the house.

In summary, the claimed coupling is characterized by leaf springs, which are arranged radially and are accommodated in the coupling.

The special features of leaf springs made of fiber composite material are the simple maintenance and adaptation of the coupling with regard to rigidity, operating temperature and external influences (chemicals) by simple interchangeability of leaf springs of various properties.

The stiffness of the leaf spring can be adjusted by fiber material (carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber), the layer structure (number of layers, fiber angle), the geometric dimensions of the leaf spring (length, width, shape) and the number of leaf springs.

The temperature range and the chemical resistance, however, can be adjusted via the matrix (thermosets, thermoplastics, elastomers).

• • geringe Ermüdungsneigung, hohe Lebensdauer
• • chemische Beständigkeit und Verträglichkeit, keine Korrosionsgefahr
• • anpassbarer Festigkeitskennwert und E-Modul
• • hohe Einsatztemperaturen möglich
• • gutes Abklingverhalten, hohe Strukturdämpfung
• • geringe Dichte, geringes Gewicht, geringe Massenträgheit
• • geringe Temperaturdehnung

Advantages resulting from the composite material with regard to the spring elements:

• • low fatigue tendency, long service life
• • chemical resistance and compatibility, no risk of corrosion
• • adjustable strength characteristic and modulus of elasticity
• • high operating temperatures possible
• • good decay, high structural damping
• • low density, low weight, low inertia
• • low temperature expansion

• • einfache Wartung/Instandsetzung durch einfache Austauschbarkeit kritisch beanspruchter Bauteile (Blattfeder)
• • Anpassung der Kupplungssteifigkeit
• • Anpassung des Einsatzbereiches der Kupplung (Temperatur, Chemikalien)
• • Axial- und Winkel-Ausgleich durch vorsehen eines sphärischen Lagers einfach möglich
• • Radialausgleich ist durch die Lagerung mittels Klemmelemente möglich.

The following advantages result from the functional principle:

• • simple maintenance / repair due to simple interchangeability of critically stressed components (leaf spring)
• • adjustment of the coupling stiffness
• • adaptation of the area of application of the coupling (temperature, chemicals)
• • Axial and angular compensation by providing a spherical bearing easily possible
• • Radial compensation is possible by mounting with clamping elements.

• 1: modulare Kupplung im Schnitt entlang der Längsachsen der Wellen
• 2: modulare Kupplung in Draufsicht
• 3: modulare Kupplung in Explorationsdarstellung
• 4: modulare Kupplung mit direkter Anbindung an ein Motorschwungrad
• 5: Explorationsdarstellung der Kupplung aus 4

By way of embodiments, further advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned can not only be implemented advantageously in the illustrated combination, but also individually combined with each other. The figures show in detail:

• 1 : modular coupling in section along the longitudinal axes of the shafts
• 2 : modular coupling in top view
• 3 : modular coupling in exploration presentation
• 4 : modular coupling with direct connection to an engine flywheel
• 5 : Exploration representation of the clutch 4

The figures are described in more detail below.

In 1 to 3 is a clutch 1 represented by the coupling 1 is an input shaft 2 with an output shaft 3 connected. This clutch 1 is modular. With the input shaft 2 is a cup-shaped radially outer recording 16 connected. With the output shaft 3 is an annular radially inner receptacle in the illustrated embodiment 12 connected, with this inner receptacle 12 as a cup-shaped radially inner connecting element 11 is trained. The cup-shaped connecting element 11 has a section with a smaller outer radius 11a on that into a section with a larger radial outer radius 11b passes. This connecting element 11 is designed with a wall thickness in their areas 11a and 11b is about the same size. In the area 11b is radially inside the connecting element a bearing 10 for a bearing of the input shaft 2 arranged. In the illustrated embodiment, as a bearing is a spherical bearing 24 intended. Through a spherical bearing, a small angular misalignment of input shaft 2 and output shaft 3 be compensated in the longitudinal direction.

In the radially inner receptacle 12 are slots 13 for accommodating leaf springs 4 intended. In this embodiment, the leaf springs have a wedge shape, wherein the leaf springs 4 radially inside have a greater thickness than radially outside. The extent of the leaf springs in the longitudinal direction 28 is constant. The radially inner end 30 the leaf springs 4 is form-fitting in the slots 13 added. In the illustrated embodiment, the leaf springs in the longitudinal direction 28 inserted into the slots and by means of a ring 15 These slots are longitudinal 28 closed and the leaf spring ends 30 in the slots 13 fixed. To fix the ring 15 screws are provided.

At its radially outer end 31 are the leaf springs 4 in each case between two clamping elements 9 arranged. The clamping elements 9 In addition to providing a frictional recording of the leaf springs 4 also a dampening function and thus at the same time provide damping elements 18 By elastic deformation torque shocks are partially absorbed. Preferably, the coupling is arranged so that over the outer receptacle 16 a torque is introduced. Due to the larger mass of the outer receptacle 16 an attenuation of input side torque surges is achieved.

The external picture 16 is with recesses 17 Mistake. These recesses 17 extend in the circumferential direction 29 , In the circumferential direction 29 are two clamping elements 9 arranged opposite each other. Between these two clamping elements 9 is an outer end 31 a leaf spring 4 added. The clamping elements 9 are biased against each other, so that in each case a clamping force on the outer ends 31 the leaf springs 4 acts. By selecting the surface finish of the clamping elements 9 and the choice of the biasing force and the elasticity of these elements 9 can the damping behavior of this clutch 1 to be set with.

For setting a bending point of the leaf springs 4 a further additional ring element can be provided. This can additionally the elastic deformation of the leaf springs 4 be influenced predeterminable.

In the illustrated embodiment, the use of leaf springs made of a fiber composite material is provided. Particularly suitable are leaf springs made of carbon. Carbon Leaf springs 5 have the advantage of a low weight and beyond can by shaping and fiber guidance a predetermined elastic behavior of the carbon leaf springs 5 to be provided. A temperature resistance up to 150 ° C is given depending on the fiber matrix in carbon leaf springs.

In the 4 and 5 an alternative embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the clutch 1 directly with the flywheel 23 a motor, not shown, connected. With the flywheel are longitudinally arranged pins 19 firmly connected. On the pins 19 are as sleeve-shaped clamping elements 9 stored. These sleeve-shaped clamping elements are also used as damping elements 18 effective. Due to this simple storage is an exchange of the sleeve-like clamping elements 9 possible with little technical effort.

In this embodiment, clamping elements 9 used for example of silicone. Due to the easy interchangeability, an exchange of clamping elements 9 be provided at regular intervals to compensate for wear.

The outer ends 31 the leaf springs are in turn between each two clamping elements 9 arranged. The clamping force can in turn be selected by shaping the clamping elements and selection of the material predetermined.

The radially inner end 30 the leaf springs in turn with a radial inner receptacle 12 firmly connected. The radially inner receptacle is fixed to an output shaft 3 connected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

clutch

2

input shaft

3

output shaft

4

leaf springs

5

Leaf spring made of fiber composite material

8th

Positive-locking connection

9

clamping element

10

camp

11

Cup-shaped radially inner connecting element

11a

Connecting element with kl. outer radius

11b

Connecting element with larger outer radius

12

Annular radial inner receptacle

13

Slots for recording

15

ring

16

Pot-shaped radially outer receptacle

17

Recess in the circumferential direction

18

damping element

19

pencils

22

screw

23

flywheel

24

Spherical bearing

25

Overload protection

26

angle of twist

27

Radial direction

28

longitudinal direction

29

circumferentially

30

Radial inner end d. leaf spring

31

Radial outer end d. leaf spring

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• AT 406293 [0002]
• DE 2848781 [0003]
• JP 2002115726 [0004]

Claims (14)

A clutch (1) for transmitting a torque from an input shaft (2) to an output shaft (2), the clutch (1) comprising leaf springs (4) and the leaf springs (4) arranged in the radial direction (27), characterized in that the leaf springs (4) are detachably mounted on the end, in order to allow an exchange of the leaf springs (4). After coupling Claim 1 characterized in that the leaf springs (4) are non-positively mounted at one of the ends, preferably at the radially outer end (31). After coupling Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that for the frictional bearing clamping elements (9) are provided, wherein the clamping elements (9) are preferably arranged detachably for replacement. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf springs (5) at least partially, preferably entirely, consist of a fiber composite material. Which, description introduction Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf springs (4) at one end, preferably at the inner end (30), are mounted positively. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf springs (4) have a wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for connection to the output shaft (3) an annular radially inner receptacle (12) is provided and the leaf springs (4) with the output shaft (3) by means of the annular inner receptacle (12) connectable are. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf springs (4) with the annular radially inner receptacle (12) are detachably connected and / or the annular radially inner receptacle (12) releasably connected to the output shaft (3) is connectable. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one ring element for changing and / or setting a diffraction point of the leaf springs (4) is provided. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf springs (4) are released upon occurrence of a predetermined overload as overload protection (25) from the frictional bearing. Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radially outer receptacle (16) comprises clamping elements (9) for providing a frictional connection of the leaf springs (4). Coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping elements (9) comprise as part of an elastomer. Coupling according to the generic term of Claim 1 wherein the clutch has an annular radially inner receptacle (12) and the leaf springs are fixedly connected to the radially inner receptacle (12) with a radially inner end (30) and a radially outer receptacle (16) for receiving the outer ends of the leaf springs (31) is provided, characterized in that the leaf springs (4) consist of a fiber composite material. Method of servicing a clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: • at least partially removing a house • Removal of leaf springs to be replaced (4) • preferably replacement of one or more clamping elements • Assembly of new leaf springs (4) at imperfections • closing the house.

Images