DE102017115578A1 - Schaltzugmitteleinheit with a rotation axis for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A shift cable means unit (1) having an axis of rotation (2) for an internal combustion engine (3), comprising at least the following components:
- A pulley (4) for transmitting a torque to or from a traction means (5);
- A shaft connection (6) with a connecting side (17) for rotationally fixed fastening to an output shaft (7);
- A switchable freewheel (9) for actively switching a torque transmission between the shaft connection (6) and the pulley (4);
- A switching element (19) and a switching actuator (20) for switching the freewheel (9). The Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) is mainly characterized in that the switching actuator (20) is arranged on the connecting side (17),
and that the switching element (19) for switching the freewheel (9) from the connecting side (17) in the freewheel (9) is formed introduced.
The Schaltzugmitteleinheit proposed here is easy to install and has a compact design.

Description

The invention relates to a Schaltzugmitteleinheit with a rotation axis for an internal combustion engine, a drive train with a hybrid drive, and a motor vehicle, which is drivable by means of such a drive train.

Zugmitteleinheiten, for example, as a belt drives, for torque-transmitting connecting a (driving) main unit, for example an internal combustion engine, with one or more (driven) ancillaries known from the prior art. A central element here is the traction pulley, for example, a pulley, which is driven by the output shaft of the main assembly and via a corresponding traction means, for example a V-belt that transmits the output torque as a tensile force on one or more shafts of one accessory or more ancillaries , For some time, it is customary in this context, to provide the said pulley for driving auxiliary units with a freewheel to the case of a sudden decrease in speed, for example, in a gear change in a motor vehicle, the ongoing because of the inertia of the ancillaries traction drive from the output shaft of Main unit to separate.

Recently, for example, in the field of commercial vehicles, a hybridization of a drive train is desired, wherein a starter generator is used, which replaces the classic alternator in one embodiment in motor vehicles. The starter generator is connected via a traction drive with the output shaft of the main unit, for example, the functions recuperation, starting and e-boosting should be met. As a result of the hybridization is now also a reverse torque curve, in which therefore the ancillaries to drive the output shaft. This is for example when Zugmittelanlassen (the sprocket annealing replacing) or E-Boosten the case, in the first case, the output shaft is accelerated by means of the traction device from the state and in the second case, the torque output of the output shaft of the main assembly is increased by a torque addition of the starter generator. The classic freewheel would prevent transmission to the connected powertrain. It is therefore necessary to allow a torque transmission in the previous direction of freewheeling.

Furthermore, such hybrid drives should be operable to save fuel or reduce emissions with a start-stop system. Due to the start-stop operation, the main unit, which drives the ancillaries, is often turned off. For example, then the pump of the air conditioner is no longer operated. Especially in traffic jams, the cab would heat up quickly in strong sunshine. The starter generator can continue to be operated so that the pump is electrically driven in the off state of the main unit. For this purpose, however, it is necessary to be able to separate the torque transmission of traction pulley on the output shaft to the main unit. For this purpose and for the above-mentioned separation to prevent inertial influences on the output shaft, the conventional freewheeling direction is still required.

Prior art is in the DE 10 2015 204 687 A1 in terms of a switchable freewheel and in the DE 10 2013 209 640 A1 with regard to an alternative switchable freewheel in which DE 10 2015 207 794 A1 with respect to an actuator for switching such a freewheel, as well as in the DE 10 2013 207 846 A1 in terms of a pulley with torsional vibration damper disclosed.

Currently, a shift train means unit is mounted in two steps on an internal combustion engine. First, the vibration isolator with switching unit by means of the central screw or a Mehrfachverschraubung is attached to the output shaft. In the second step, the switch actuator is mounted, the torque arm attached to the internal combustion engine and connected a line for the switching signal.

On this basis, the present invention has the object, at least partially overcome the known from the prior art disadvantages. The features of the invention will become apparent from the independent claims, to which advantageous embodiments are indicated in the dependent claims. The features of the claims may be combined in any technically meaningful manner, for which purpose the explanations of the following description as well as features of the figures may be consulted which comprise additional embodiments of the invention.

• - eine Zugmittelscheibe zum Übertragen eines Drehmoments auf oder von einem Zugmittel;
• - einen Wellenanschluss mit einer Verbindungsseite zum rotationsfesten Befestigen an einer Abtriebswelle;
• - einen schaltbaren Freilauf zum aktiven Schalten einer Drehmomentübertragung zwischen dem Wellenanschluss und der Zugmittelscheibe;
• - ein Schaltelement und einen Schaltaktor zum Schalten des Freilaufs.

Die Schaltzugmitteleinheit ist vor allem dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schaltaktor auf der Verbindungsseite angeordnet ist, und dass das Schaltelement zum Schalten des Freilaufs von der Verbindungsseite aus in den Freilauf einbringbar ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a shift cable means unit having an axis of rotation for an internal combustion engine, comprising at least the following components:

• - A Zugmittelscheibe for transmitting a torque to or from a traction means;
• a shaft connection having a connection side for rotationally fixed attachment to an output shaft;
• - A switchable freewheel for actively switching a torque transmission between the shaft connection and the pulley;
• - A switching element and a switching actuator for switching the freewheel.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit is mainly characterized in that the switching actuator is arranged on the connection side, and that the switching element for switching the freewheel from the connection side is formed in the freewheel introduced.

Here, a shift train means unit is proposed, for example, a shiftable pulley decoupler (RSES) which is easy to assemble by arranging the shift actuator on the connection side. Thus, the switch actuator is connectable in a first step with an internal combustion engine and then the, preferably preassembled, remaining Schaltzugmitteleinheit.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit is a rotating or rotatable component whose axis of rotation is aligned with the axis of rotation of the output shaft. Is spoken in this description of axial, radial or a direction of rotation, so reference is made to this common axis of rotation. Depending on the technical context, an axial direction may also be a parallel to the axis of rotation.

The pulley, for example, designed as a pulley, is adapted for cooperation with a traction means, for example a belt, preferably a V-belt. About the Zugmittelscheibe is thus frictionally (in the case of a V-belt as traction means) and / or form-fitting (in the case of a toothed belt or a chain as traction means) transmit a torque over the radius of the pulley (lever) as a pulling force on a traction device. This tensile force is converted in an accessory in the same way back to a shaft of the accessory in a torque.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit has a shaft connection, so that the Schaltzugmitteleinheit as a separate component with an output shaft rotation, so always co-rotating and all oscillations receiving or donating, connectable. This axial end of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit thus forms a connection side. The opposite side is referred to as the front, because this axial end faces the fitter in the assembly and maintenance of Schaltzugmitteleinheit. The shaft connection is set up in such a way that it can easily be connected to the output shaft and a correct alignment can be set. A common connection is, for example, a central screw connection or a multiple, advantageously rotationally symmetrical, screwed connection. For some applications, it is advantageous to carry out the torque-transmitting connection between the shaft connection and the output shaft as a spline.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit preferably further comprises a vibration decoupler, which is arranged between the Zugmittelscheibe and the shaft connection such that a vibration transmission from the output shaft to the pulley and vice versa is excluded or greatly reduced. For this purpose, such a vibration isolator for many applications, one or more elastic energy storage. Such an elastic energy store is, for example, a bow spring, which elastically springs in due to the inertia of the pulley and the system driven by it at an output shaft side acceleration and retransmitted this elastically stored energy due to a relaxation of the pulley delayed. Thus, the pulley is decoupled by the Schwingungsentkopplers of the superimposed torque vibrations without dissipating excess energy as heat energy.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit further has for some applications, a torsional vibration damper, which is adapted to attenuate occurring throughout the output system, but mainly outgoing from the output shaft, torsional vibrations. In a conventional construction, the torsional vibration damper comprises a drive plate, in which the torque of the output shaft to be transmitted is introduced and is transmitted radially as far as possible outside. The larger the radius, the greater the damping effect or the lower the torsional vibration mass can be designed. About a damping material that is suitable for the conversion of kinetic energy into waste heat, such as a rubber track, the torsional vibration mass is connected radially outside with the drive plate. There, the Torsionsschwingermasse is excited as a result of the rotational speed superimposed torsional vibrations and acts as a damping effect in interaction with the damping material on the output system.

In an advantageous embodiment, the vibration isolator is provided with a flange and a lid, wherein the flange extends from the center inside to the outside radially. The flange thus acts on torque output by the output shaft torque input side against the elastic energy storage. The cover is arranged radially outside of the elastic energy storage and acts at a torque output by the output shaft torque output side against the elastic energy storage. Alternatively, the torque is absorbed at the same torque transmission direction of the cover of the output shaft and forwarded via the elastic energy storage to the flange and from there to the pulley.

The lid is preferably integral or multi-piece fixedly connected to the pulley or in the alternative embodiment with (if present) a drive plate of a torsional vibration damper. In a multi-part design of the lid and the connected component, so the pulley or the drive plate, the connected component is preferably a component of the housing of the elastic energy storage. The cover is preferably arranged on the connection side and the housing component of the connected component is arranged on the front side.

Furthermore, the Schaltzugmitteleinheit comprises a switchable freewheel, by means of which active, that is, as a result of a corresponding externally input switching signal, several, preferably two, switching states are adjustable. In a first switching state, a torque is transferable in both directions, that is, in a pawl freewheel, the pawls are latched for both directions and the respective freewheeling function ineffective. This first switching state is also referred to as closed. In a second switching state no torque is transferable, so the pawls of a pawl freewheel all unlatched. This second switching state is also referred to as separate. Furthermore, two other switching states are adjustable, which allow freewheel in one direction. These switching states are necessary above all for a traction sheave below rotational speed. In this case, a torque in a direction of rotation with opposite freewheeling direction (third switching state) or in the reverse direction of rotation with reverse freewheeling direction (fourth switching state) switchable transferable. That is, in the fourth switching state, the torque transmission direction, also referred to as reverse direction, and the freewheeling direction are changed over from the third switching state. The freewheel acts in these switching states in the freewheeling direction separating. Which switching states are adjustable depends on the design of the switching element and / or the switching actuator. Often, the (fully) closed and the (completely) separate switching state are sufficient.

The switching element can be converted as a result of an actively abuttable movement in at least one engaging switching state and in a non-intrusive switching state. In an engaging switching state, the freewheeling elements are due to the engagement at least partially from their normal deflection, preferably against a spring force, deflected. For example, a freewheeling element in its normal state against a stop to ensure a torque transmission in the corresponding blocking direction, the freewheel element is disengaged in the engaging switching state of the switching element and a torque transmission via this freewheeling element in any direction possible. The switching element, for example, designed as a switching cage, which is adapted for simultaneous engagement in a plurality of freewheeling elements, is actively actuated by means of a switching actuator.

The switching actuator is configured to actively transfer the switching element, that is to say as a result of a corresponding switching signal, into the non-engaging switching state and into the at least one engaging switching state. For this purpose, the switch actuator is preferably arranged outside the axial region of the traction pulley, as well as a preferably provided vibration decoupler and a torsional vibration damper provided in some applications. In response to a switching signal, the switching element thus sets the respective switching states during the freewheeling operation. The switch actuator performs no movement, but is, at least in the axial direction, rigidly attached to a motor wall of an internal combustion engine. A line for the switching signal and the torque arm are thus easy to attach to the engine wall, and are preferably already integrated into this engine wall or the engine wall is already set up for positive reception. As a result, the assembly of the switching actuator and the associated line for the switching signal is particularly simple.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit a counter-spring is provided, wherein the counter-spring is arranged counteracting the switching actuator, so that the switching element by means of the counter-spring can be guided into a normal position, and wherein preferably the switching element is axially displaceable.

The opposing spring is adapted to hold the switching element in a normal position, but also due to the normal position when the power of the switching actuator decreases or the switching actuator is turned off. For this purpose, the opposing spring is set up as an antagonist to the switching actuator, and thus counteracting. It is advantageous that the switching actuator only has to have a defined actuation direction. The normal position of the switching element preferably corresponds to the respective main state of the freewheel, for example, that the freewheeling elements are in the normal state, for example, the first switching state described above, in which there is a reverse direction in both directions of rotation. The counter spring is for one Low axial space requirement designed as a plate spring. Alternatively, the counter-spring is designed for a small radial space requirement as a helical spring. Preferably, the opposing spring is designed as a compression spring. As a result, a particularly reliable operation and a long life of the opposing spring is achieved.

In a preferred embodiment, the switching element is arranged axially displaceable, so that the switching element can be easily guided by an axially aligned component. For example, an axial running surface for the switching element is formed at the shaft connection or at the hub of the freewheel. Most preferably, a running contour is formed, so that the switching element is entrained in a rotation of the leading component. Thus, the relative rotational position is easily ensured to the freewheeling elements. Alternatively, the switching element is attached, for example, as a tilting element, for example, to the hub of the freewheel.

In order to deflect a freewheeling element from its normal state, the switching element for the respective freewheeling element has an engagement stop. During an axial insertion into the region of the respective freewheeling element, the engagement stop transfers the freewheeling element from a first state, preferably the normal state, into a second state. In this case, the switching element preferably counteracts an antagonistic freewheeling element in the freewheeling spring which transfers in the normal state.

In a preferred embodiment, the switching element has different engagement stops for different freewheeling elements or for different switching states of the freewheel. For example, for the second switching state described above, the switching element for all freewheeling elements on an engagement stop, by means of which all freewheeling elements are separated. For the third switching state or the fourth switching state according to the above description, engagement stops are provided, which in each case only deflect freewheeling elements for each blocking direction, so that a blocking direction and a freewheeling direction are present.

In a preferred embodiment, the engagement stops, in axial actuation of the switching element axially arranged one after the other, so that due to a predetermined axial position, a predetermined switching state is set. Alternatively or additionally, the switching element is designed in several parts with respective engagement stops, wherein the engagement stops are introduced as needed for the respective switching state. In this case, the engagement stops for the freewheeling elements of one blocking direction and the engagement stops for the freewheeling elements for the respectively opposite blocking direction are each preferably arranged on a common switching ring. With these two switching rings so the four switching states described can be easily adjusted.

• - zumindest ein schaltbarer Hubmagnet;
• - zumindest ein pneumatischer oder hydraulischer Nehmerzylinder; oder
• - ein Rampensystem, bevorzugt mit Seilzugeinrichtung.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switching cable means unit, the switching actuator is formed by means of one of the following means:

• - At least one switchable solenoid;
• - At least one pneumatic or hydraulic slave cylinder; or
• - A ramp system, preferably with Seilzugeinrichtung.

The switch actuator can be executed in many different ways. A particularly simple embodiment, for example with regard to the control, is a switchable lifting magnet which acts magnetically on the switching element. The solenoid is preferably designed as a coil, and moves a corresponding switching armature, wherein as a result of energization of the solenoid of the switching armature, preferably axially, moves, for example, spaced from the solenoid or used. At the connection-side end of the switching element, a switching armature is arranged. Preferably, the switching armature is spaced in the non-actuated state with a gap to the switching element, so that a collision or friction are excluded. Alternatively, the switching element with the switching armature for carrying out a design according to movement according to fixed or articulated.

Alternatively, the switch actuator is designed as a slave cylinder with a slave piston in a slave chamber. For actuating the slave cylinder, the slave chamber is filled with a pressure medium, that is to say a gas in the case of a pneumatic design or a liquid in the case of a hydraulic design. This operation is translated in a, preferably axial, way. Also, this design is easy to assemble, because this only a little space-consuming line for the print medium to a corresponding master cylinder, which can be arranged at an almost any suitable position, must be laid. In this embodiment, the switching element is preferably relatively rotatable, but axially fixedly connected to the slave piston.

In an alternative embodiment, the switching actuator is designed as a ramp system in which a rotational movement is translated into a lateral movement. Preferably, the rotational movement, preferably coaxially to the axis of rotation of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit, in a lateral movement, preferably parallel to the axis of rotation, translated. The ramp system comprises at least a first ramp and at least one corresponding counter ramp, which form a common ramp height on top of one another. The ramp height is variable as a result of a relative rotation of the at least one ramp to the at least one corresponding counter ramp. Particularly preferably, the at least one ramp or the at least one counter ramp by means of a cable pulling device by a predetermined switching angle rotatable. Such a cable pull device is a particularly simple and robust cable for signal transmission for the switch actuator. It should be noted that the cable pull device can also be used as a signal generator for a solenoid or a master cylinder. The cable pull device is preferably set up for direct mechanical actuation of a switch actuator.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit the Schaltzugmitteleinheit comprises a vibration decoupler with a lubricating space and the switching element is arranged reaching from an outer space into the lubricating space of the vibration isolator, wherein preferably an axial seal with the switching element, the lubricating space is arranged sealingly cooperating.

The vibration isolator is preferably arranged according to the above description and has a flange, an elastic energy store and a lid. The lid preferably forms at least part of an enclosure of the elastic energy store, which is usually provided with a lubricant. The enclosed space is therefore referred to as a lubricating space. Thus, the cover protects the lubricating space from leakage or contamination of the lubricant. In a preferred embodiment, the cover at the same time forms the component for storage and / or dynamic sealing against a relative to movable component. By contrast, the flange of the vibration decoupler is preferably completely enclosed in the lubricant space and arranged between the elastic energy store and the freewheel.

The outer space encompasses the entire area of the surroundings of the vibration decoupler or the switching cable means unit. No lubricant is needed in this exterior space or no lubricant should escape there. Under certain circumstances, the outer space has a higher degree of contamination than is desired for the lubricating space, so that protection against ingress of dirt is to be formed. In this embodiment, the switching element is configured such that it extends from the outer space into the lubricating space, so that a passage between the outer space and the lubricating space is necessarily formed here. Therefore, an axial seal is preferably provided, which seals the passage despite the axial relative movement of the switching element relative to the passage. Preferably, such an axial seal is formed by one or more sealing lips, which are arranged wear-resistant for an axial relative movement between the switching element and the passage.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit the Schaltaktor is rigidly mounted on a motor wall.

In this preferred embodiment, the switch actuator on the connection side is rigidly mounted on the engine wall of the internal combustion engine, so that a particularly simple torque support of the switching actuator can be established. For some applications, the engine wall in question is not sufficiently stiff when operating a crankshaft. For this purpose, it may be advantageous to mount the switch actuator at a distance from the motor wall in this area in a corresponding holder. Alternatively, the motor wall is stiffened by subsequent attachment of stiffening elements accordingly. In addition, an alignment of the switching actuator by means of appropriate form elements for the correct installation is straightforward. Here, the structure and attachment of the line for the switching signal is particularly simple. If the switching actuator is designed as a lifting magnet, the switching armature is a permanently connected to the switching element component, so that it is set up rotatable relative to the switching gate for an embodiment in which the switching element is co-rotated. For an embodiment of the Schaltaktors as slave cylinder, the slave piston is also a rigid, ie non-rotating component and the transmission to the switching element, if this is carried out co-rotating, is carried out via a corresponding bearing, preferably a sealing rolling bearing. If the switch actuator is designed as a ramp system, then both the ramp and the counter ramp are designed to be rigid, wherein one of the two is relatively rotatable about a predetermined rotation angle. According to the embodiment of the Schaltaktors as slave cylinder storage between the ramp system and the switching element is arranged.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit is between the Schaltzugmitteleinheit and the associated internal combustion engine, a rotational sealing element, preferably a radial shaft seal, can be arranged.

In the presence of a lubricating space or other lubricated bearings, it is advantageous to shield this area from the outside space sealing. Because the Schaltzugmitteleinheit compared to Internal combustion engines, or their engine wall, is relatively rotated, a rotational sealing element is necessary. Preferably, a cost-effective radial shaft seal is used. For this purpose, a corresponding annular flange is preferably attached to the engine wall of the internal combustion engine on which the radial shaft sealing ring can be mounted or runs with its dynamic sealing lip.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit a, preferably self-sealing, rolling bearing can be arranged between the Schaltzugmitteleinheit and the associated internal combustion engine.

For an application in which the traction pulley under load, so a drop of the traction means should be separable, it is advantageous to provide a rolling bearing. This reduces the tolerances during operation. As a result, a required maximum clearance between the switching actuator and the switching element is ensured even during the motorized operation of the pulley. If, in addition, a lubricating space is to be sealed, it is advantageous to replace the rotational sealing element by a correspondingly sealed rolling bearing.

For applications in which the freewheel is switched only in the state of the output shaft, such a rolling bearing is not necessary. In this case, care must be taken only by a sufficient clearance between the rotating and the stationary components that a collision, and preferably friction, is excluded.

According to a further aspect, the invention relates to a drive train with a hybrid drive, wherein the drive train comprises an internal combustion engine with an output shaft and a starter with a starter shaft, and wherein the output shaft by means of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit according to an embodiment as described above and an associated traction means with the starter shaft switchable is connectable.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a powertrain is proposed with a hybrid drive, which comprises a (main) drive unit with an output shaft and a starter generator, and a Schaltzugmitteleinheit according to an embodiment as described above, wherein the output shaft for torque transmission by means of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit with switchable Freewheeling direction with a starter shaft of the starter generator is connectable.

The drive train is configured to transmit a torque provided by the drive unit, for example an internal combustion engine, and output via its output shaft to at least one consumer. An exemplary consumer is at least a drive wheel of a motor vehicle, an air conditioner and the starter generator in generator mode for providing electrical energy. Conversely, a recording of an inertial energy introduced, for example, by a drive wheel during braking of the motor vehicle, that is to say recuperation, can also be implemented.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit described here can be used as a central component in a powertrain with a mild hybrid or in a full hybrid. While in a micro-hybrid the starter generator is set up solely for recuperation and for comfort starting, in a mild hybrid an additional e-boost, a traction aid and a load point boost will be possible. In a full hybrid is also a fully electric driving possible.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit proposed here is easy to install and has a compact design.

According to a further aspect, the invention relates to a motor vehicle, comprising at least one drive wheel, which is drivable by means of a drive train according to an embodiment as described above.

Most motor vehicles today have a front-wheel drive and therefore preferably arrange the drive unit, for example an internal combustion engine or an electric drive machine, in front of the driver's cab and transversely to the main drive direction. The space is particularly small in such an arrangement and it is therefore particularly advantageous to use components of small size.

This problem is exacerbated in passenger cars of the small car class according to European classification. The functional units used in a passenger car of the small car class are not significantly reduced compared to passenger cars larger car classes. Nevertheless, the available space for small cars is much smaller. But even in commercial vehicles due to the increase in desired components and an increasing size of the accumulator to keep the increased electrical energy demand space constraints. The drive train described above has a Schaltzugmitteleinheit, which is easy to install and allows a total of compact design. In addition, the Schaltzugmitteleinheit meets the highest requirements for the vibration reduction and vibration isolation for the ancillaries.

Passenger cars are assigned to a vehicle class according to, for example, size, price, weight and power, and this definition is subject to constant change according to the needs of the market. In the US market, cars of the class small cars and microcars are classified according to European classification of the class of Subcompact Car and in the British market they correspond to the class Supermini or the class City Car. Examples of the micro car class are a Volkswagen up! or a Renault Twingo. Examples of the small car class are an Alfa Romeo Mito, Volkswagen Polo, Ford Fiesta or Renault Clio.

• 1: eine konventionelle Schaltzugmitteleinheit im Schnitt;
• 2: ein Ausschnitt einer Schaltzugmitteleinheit mit einem Hubmagnet als Schaltaktor;
• 3: ein Ausschnitt einer Schnellzugmitteleinheit mit einem Mitnehmerzylinder als Schaltaktor;
• 4: ein Ausschnitt einer Schaltzugmitteleinheit mit Rampensystem als Schaltaktor; und
• 5: ein Antriebsstrang mit Hybridantrieb in einem Kraftfahrzeug.

The above-described invention will be explained in detail in the background of the relevant technical background with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show preferred embodiments. The invention is not limited by the purely schematic drawings in any way, it being noted that the drawings are not dimensionally accurate and are not suitable for the definition of size ratios. It is shown in

• 1 a conventional Schaltzugmitteleinheit in section;
• 2 a section of a Schaltzugmitteleinheit with a solenoid as Schaltaktor;
• 3 a section of a Schnellzugmitteleinheit with a cam cylinder as a switching actuator;
• 4 a section of a Schaltzugmitteleinheit with ramp system as a switching actuator; and
• 5 : A powertrain with hybrid drive in a motor vehicle.

1 shows a conventional Schaltzugmitteleinheit 33 schematically in section, wherein components which are not essential for the understanding of the invention are not shown. On the left in the picture is the front 46 and on the right in the illustration the connection side 17 characterized.

The components shown here are the axis of rotation 2 rotatably arranged. The conventional shift cable means unit 33 includes a vibration isolator 8th , which is switchable over the freewheel 9 with the pulley 4 connected is. Furthermore, a torsional vibration damper 16 provided, which radially between the vibration isolator 8th and the traction means 5 is arranged. The vibration decoupler 8th centrally comprises an elastic energy storage 12 , indicated here as a bow spring, which on the connection side with the conventional lid 11 and actuator side with the conventional flange 10 for elastic, so vibration decoupling, transmission between the lid 11 and the flange 10 connected is. The lid 11 is with a driver plate 37 of the torsional vibration damper 16 connected rotationally fixed and encloses a lubricating space 44 , The driver plate 37 is over a rubber track 36 with a torsional vibration mass 35 for damping torsional vibrations from the output shaft 7 set up.

The vibration decoupler 8th and the torsional vibration damper 16 are here together via a shaft connection 6 with the output shaft 7 firmly connected, in which case from the output shaft 7 only the central screw is shown. The flange 10 of the vibration decoupler 8th at the same time integrally forms the flange element 14 of the freewheel 9 and acts in a torque direction with the here designed as a pawl with the flange 14 engaged freewheeling element 15 for transmitting the torque via the hub 13 on the pulley 4 or vice versa for transmitting a torque from the pulley 4 on the output shaft 7 together. The freewheeling element 15 is movably arranged, for example, pivotable about a horizontal axis in the representation in the region of the illustrated overlap between the hub 13 and the freewheeling element 15 , To operate the freewheel 9 Here is also the magnetic coil of a conventional switching actuator 50 shown, with the associated switching armature 38 not shown (see 2 ). The pulley 4 is about a central warehouse 18 on the lid 11 supported and the entire system consisting of a vibration decoupler 8th and the torsional vibration damper 16 are with the output shaft 7 Rotationally fixed, so always co-rotating and all vibrations receiving trained.

2 shows a section of a Schaltzugmitteleinheit 1 which apart from the conventional switch actuator 50 for the sake of clarity identical to the conventional Schaltzugmitteleinheit 33 in 1 is constructed. However, here the torque curve is set up such that the shaft connection 6 by means of the freewheel 9 with the flange 9 directly connected. The lid 11 (see 1 ) is then with the pulley 4 connected. The torque runs the other way around here than in the 1 in which the lid 11 with the shaft connection 6 is connected and the flange 10 (by means of the freewheel 9 ) with the pulley 4 connected is. On the left in the illustration is a freewheel 9 shown, which here so with the flange 10 a vibration decoupler 8th (see 1 ) is connected torque transmitting. In the freewheeling element 15 of the freewheel 9 is a switching element 19 , For example, as an annular switching cage executed, shown overlapping shown, wherein the switching element 19 here with his engagement stop 51 not yet engaged. Rather, the switching element is 19 only then with the freewheel element 15 switching engagement, so that the freewheel element 15 Here is transferred from the normal state for torque transmission in a separate state, as soon as the engagement stop 51 with the freewheeling element 15 at least partially overlapped. For this purpose, the switching element 19 axially away from the connection side 17 towards the freewheel 9 emotional. Here is also an antagonistic counter spring 34 provided, which is designed as a compression spring and upon engagement of the switching element 19 is compressed. The return stroke of the switching element then exerts the stored spring energy.

The switching element 19 is through a wall to the lubrication room 44 separated. This wall is here through the drive plate 37 educated. Alternatively, the wall is from the lid 11 of the vibration decoupler 8th (see 1 ) educated. To the lubrication room 44 To protect against contamination is an axial seal 43 in the drive plate 37 for sealing against the connection-side exterior 49 arranged.

At the connection-side end of the switching element 19 is a switching armature 38 spaced apart with a gap, so that in the non-actuated state, a collision or friction are excluded. In cooperation with the as a solenoid 39 executed switching actuator 20 moves the switching anchor 38 against the switching element 19 , This is so contrary to the pressure force of the opposing spring 34 in the area of the freewheel element 15 pushed. The switching actuator 20 is here with the engine wall 47 rotatably mounted.

3 shows a part of the same section of a Schaltzugmitteleinheit 1 as 2 , For example, with the same design of the other components of Schaltzugmitteleinheit 1 as in 1 shown. Here is the switch actuator 20 also resistant to rotation with the engine wall 47 connected, but as a slave cylinder 40 executed. The slave cylinder 40 leads a slave piston 52 axially and via a switch bearing 54 For example, a rolling bearing will do that with the drive plate 37 co-rotating switching element 19 moved axially. Furthermore, here is an (extended) lubricating space 44 provided, because here no sealant at the passage of the drive plate 37 for the switching element 19 is provided. This (extended) lubrication space 44 is by means of a rotational sealing element 45 , here for example by means of a radial shaft seal, against an annular flange 55 opposite the outside space 49 sealed. The slave cylinder 40 is via a hydraulic or pneumatic line 53 , which is shown purely schematically here.

In 4 is again a section similar to in 3 shown here, where the switching actuator 20 , which in turn with the engine wall 47 rigidly connected by means of a ramp system 41 is formed. The ramp system 41 includes a ramp 56 and a corresponding counter ramp 57 which can be rotated relative to each other. For example, the counter ramp 57 around the axis of rotation 2 rotatable. Due to the relative twisting, a common ramp height is formed together 58 variable. As a result of the variable ramp height 58 becomes the switching element 19 via a switch bearing 54 axially deflected. The counter ramp 57 is here by means of a cable pulling device 42 , which is shown here purely schematically, relative to the ramp 56 twisted. Again, there is an extended lubricating space 44 as in 3 front, which opposite the outside space 49 by means of a rotational sealing element 45 is sealed. Unlike the variant in 3 here is the rotary seal element 45 through a sealed rolling bearing 48 educated. This is the tolerance for the switch actuator 20 so reducible that a shift of the freewheel 9 (see 2 ) under load, so a drop of the traction device 5 compare 1 ) is possible.

In 5 is a powertrain 21 with a hybrid drive 22 in a motor vehicle 25 exemplified. The hybrid drive 22 includes a drive unit 26 , here exemplified as a three-cylinder internal combustion engine 3 shown, and a starter generator 23 , The starter shaft 24 of the starter generator 23 is by means of the traction device 5 , For example by means of a V-belt, with the output shaft 7 on which the Schaltzugmitteleinheit 1 is arranged, the drive unit 26 connected with switchable reversible torque transmission direction and associated freewheeling direction. In an operating state (for example, driving with full load operation of the drive unit 26 ) are a left drive wheel 28 and a right drive wheel 29 of the motor vehicle 25 by means of the drive unit 26 directly drivable. If necessary, at the same time becomes another consumer 27 , which also by means of the traction means 5 is driven, for example, the pump of an air conditioner, and / or the starter generator in the generator mode, ie for generating electrical energy driven. In another operating state (for example, acceleration with additional from the starter generator 23 provided torque, so e-boosting, the drive unit 26 ) consumes the starter generator 23 electrical energy and gives off a torque. Even with a stationary drive unit, while the drive wheels 28 and 29 standing or free rolling (idling mode or sailing operation) is the consumer 27 by means of the starter generator 23 further drivable. The hybrid drive is with its motor axis 32 , which to the axis of rotation 2 the Schaltzugmitteleinheit 1 Coaxially aligned, transverse to the longitudinal axis 31 in front of the driver's cab 30 arranged.

The Schaltzugmitteleinheit proposed here is easy to install and has a compact design.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Schaltzugmitteleinheit

2

axis of rotation

3

Internal combustion engine

4

pulley

5

traction means

6

shaft connection

7

output shaft

8th

vibration isolators

9

freewheel

10

flange

11

cover

12

energy storage

13

hub

14

flange

15

Freewheeling element

16

torsional vibration damper

17

Links page

18

central warehouse

19

switching element

20

Switch

21

powertrain

22

hybrid drive

23

starter generator

24

starter shaft

25

motor vehicle

26

power unit

27

consumer

28

left drive wheel

29

right drive wheel

30

cab

31

longitudinal axis

32

motor axis

33

conventional shifter means unit

34

against spring

35

Torsionsschwingermasse

36

rubber track

37

drive plate

38

switching armature

39

solenoid

40

slave cylinder

41

ramp system

42

cable equipment

43

axial seal

44

lubricating space

45

Rotary sealing element

46

front

47

motor wall

48

roller bearing

49

outer space

50

conventional coil

51

engaging stop

52

slave piston

53

hydraulic or pneumatic line

54

switch bearing

55

annular flange

56

ramp

57

counter-ramp

58

ramp height

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102015204687 A1 [0005]
• DE 102013209640 A1 [0005]
• DE 102015207794 A1 [0005]
• DE 102013207846 A1 [0005]

Claims (9)

Shift cable means unit (1) having an axis of rotation (2) for an internal combustion engine (3), comprising at least the following components: - a pulley (4) for transmitting a torque to or from a traction means (5); - A shaft connection (6) with a connecting side (17) for rotationally fixed fastening to an output shaft (7); - A switchable freewheel (9) for actively switching a torque transmission between the shaft connection (6) and the pulley (4); - A switching element (19) and a switching actuator (20) for switching the freewheel (9), characterized in that the switching actuator (20) on the connecting side (17) is arranged, and that the switching element (19) for switching the freewheel ( 9) from the connection side (17) in the freewheel (9) is formed introduced. Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to Claim 1 wherein a counter-spring (34) is provided, wherein the counter-spring (34) is arranged counteracting the switch actuator (20) so that the switching element (19) can be guided into a normal position by means of the counter-spring (34), and wherein preferably the switching element (19 ) is arranged axially displaceable. Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein the switching actuator (20) is formed by means of one of the following means: - at least one switchable lifting magnet (39); - At least one pneumatic or hydraulic slave cylinder (40); or - a ramp system (41), preferably with cable pulling device (42). Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) comprises a vibration isolator (8) having a lubricating space (44) and the switching element (19) from an outer space (49) in the lubricating space (44) of the Schwingungsentkopplers (8 ) is arranged engaging in, and wherein preferably an axial seal (43) with the switching element (19) the lubricating space (44) is arranged sealingly cooperating. Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the switching actuator (20) on a motor wall (47) is rigidly mountable. Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein between the Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) and the associated internal combustion engine (3), a rotational sealing element (45), preferably a radial shaft seal, can be arranged. Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between the Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) and the associated internal combustion engine (3), a preferably self-sealing, rolling bearing (48) can be arranged. Drive train (21) with a hybrid drive (22), wherein the drive train (21) comprises an internal combustion engine (3) with an output shaft (7) and a starter generator (23) with a starter shaft (24), and wherein the output shaft (7) by means of the Schaltzugmitteleinheit (1) according to one of the preceding claims and an associated traction means (5) with the starter shaft (24) is switchably connectable. Motor vehicle (25), comprising at least one drive wheel (28,29), which by means of a drive train (21) to Claim 8 is drivable.

Images