DE102017110059A1 - Multi-phase push-pull power choke - Google Patents

Abstract

Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) for damping transient push-pull currents with at least two throttle units (12_1, 12_2, 12_3), each having a core with a first leg (4_11, 4_21, 4_31) on which a first winding (8_11, 8_21, 8_31), and a second leg (4_12, 4_22, 4_32), on which a second winding (8_12, 8_22, 8_32) is arranged, wherein the legs (4) of the throttle units (12) are arranged in a common plane (8 E) are arranged and the cores of the arranged in different phases throttle units (12) are magnetically coupled to a multi-phase magnetic shunt (24), wherein the multi-phase magnetic shunt (24) outside the common plane (E) is arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a polyphase push-pull power choke for damping transient push-pull currents between an at least two-phase power source and an electrical load having a corresponding number of phases, wherein the energy source comprises an at least two-phase first energy source and a second energy source connected in parallel at least two-phase, and wherein the polyphase push-pull power choke comprises at least two throttle units, and corresponding phases of the first power source and the second power source are each coupled via a throttle unit, the throttle units each having a core with a first leg on which a first winding is disposed, and a second Leg, on which a second winding is arranged, comprise.

Differential mode currents are reduced or eliminated by the impedances of a push-pull choke. Such disturbances arise, for example, as harmonics in switching power supplies and have like the useful current against each other directed polarities.

To increase the output power, it is also known in electrical systems, parallel to switch energy sources, such as inverters. This applies to both two-phase and three-phase systems. The parallel electrical energy sources have the same number of phases, in addition, the output voltages and their operating frequencies are the same. These systems are mainly used as two-phase or three-phase systems. In a three-phase system, the three phases have a phase angle of 120 °. The individual phase currents are thus phase-shifted by 120 °.

The clocked inverters often used today as an energy source generate a relatively wide harmonic spectrum in addition to a working current, ie direct current or an alternating current with a given main frequency. This results in transient push-pull currents that circulate in the phase lines before the output terminal. Such differential currents cause not only increased losses but also harmonic distortion.

Mains chokes are used to reduce the harmonics. For small and medium powers, push-pull chokes are used to dampen the transient differential currents on the electronic voltage transformers or frequency converters. A push-pull choke comes for example in the from EP 2 814 151 A1 known inverter used.

A multi-phase push-pull power choke goes out as well DE 20 2016 104 544 U1 out. This polyphase push-pull power choke comprises at least two throttle units. To reduce stray magnetic fields, at least two throttle units, which are arranged in different phases, are magnetically coupled to one another via at least one multi-phase magnetic shunt.

In a push-pull choke, the two coils are magnetically coupled together so that the resulting inductance for the push-pull currents is greater than the inductance for the working current.

In 1 is exemplary and schematically illustrated a single-phase push-pull choke. It includes a magnetic core 2 of the type Ul. The core 2 includes a first leg 4_1 and a second leg 4_2 , the end over an upper yoke 6_1 and a lower yoke 6_2 are magnetically coupled together.

In the thighs 4_1 . 4_2 are several air gaps, not shown in the drawing, with which the magnetic resistance of the legs 4_1 . 4_2 is set. Thus, the magnetic resistance and the associated heat development does not concentrate in the area of the gap 3 between the thighs 4_1 . 4_2 and the upper and lower yoke 6_1 . 6_2 , On the first thigh 4_1 there is a first winding 8_1 , on the second leg 4_2 there is a second winding 8_2 ,

The special feature of a push-pull choke is that for the two magnetically connected windings 8_1 . 8_2 in each case a self-inductance L and a mutual inductance M with M <L are defined. For the working currents of the windings 8_1 . 8_2 that cause magnetic fluxes flowing in one direction is the inductance for both coils 2 * (LM). For the push-pull currents, whose magnetic fluxes flow in opposite directions, is the inductance of the two coils 8_1 . 8_2 2 * (L + M). The relationship between L and M is described by the coupling factor k as follows: M = k * L. To set the necessary relationship between L and M is located between the first leg 4_1 and the second leg 4_2 a third leg 4_3 acting as a single phase magnetic shunt. Also in the single-phase magnetic shunt several air gaps are present. This single-phase magnetic shunt affects the magnetic coupling of the two windings 8_1 . 8_2 , Thereby the magnetic resistance of this third leg becomes 4_3 by a size of the air gaps 5 set.

The technical disadvantage of schematically in 1 shown and known per se push-pull throttle is now that the working currents in the cores cause magnetic fluxes that flow in one direction and therefore a correspondingly large stray magnetic field SF (shown schematically) generate. Magnetic stray fields SF generate undesirable heating of adjacent metallic components, such as the walls of a cabinet. In addition, magnetic stray fields generate SF Disruptions in sensitive electronic devices and are also undesirable for this reason.

To eliminate these unwanted stray fields SF has the from the already mentioned above DE 20 2016 104 544 U1 known polyphase push-pull power choke on a multi-phase magnetic shunt. With this, the cores of the at least two throttle units included are magnetically coupled to each other.

However, the construction of such a push-pull power choke is relatively expensive. For example, a large number of structural parts is required, which is associated with a high cost of materials and correspondingly high production costs. In addition, such a push-pull power choke, compared to conventional chokes, a higher weight.

Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide a polyphase push-pull power choke, which generates less or no magnetic stray fields, wherein also the design effort is to be reduced.

The object is achieved by a polyphase push-pull power choke for damping transient push-pull currents between an at least two-phase energy source and an electrical load having a corresponding number of phases, the energy source comprising an at least two-phase first energy source and a second energy source connected in parallel at least two-phase, and wherein the polyphase push-pull power choke comprises at least two throttle units, and corresponding phases of the first power source and the second power source are each coupled via a throttle unit, the throttle units each having a core with a first leg on which a first winding is disposed, and a second leg, on which a second winding is arranged, comprise, wherein the push-pull power choke is formed by the fact that the legs of the throttle units are arranged in a common plane and the cores of the arranged in different phases throttle units are magnetically coupled with a multi-phase magnetic shunt, wherein the multi-phase magnetic shunt is disposed outside the common plane.

The push-pull power choke is flat, so it extends in other words in a plane or area. It advantageously has a lower weight than conventional systems. The number of required construction parts is reduced, the cost of materials and the production costs are lower. For example, the savings for the core material compared to conventional systems is more than 12%.

The polyphase push-pull power choke has a lower stray magnetic field. Therefore, no or at least significantly lower minimum distances to metallic components in the vicinity of the throttle must be complied with. For example, it is possible to position the push-pull power choke in a control cabinet, without the risk that heat its walls or floor to an undesirable extent. The lower stray magnetic field also has a positive effect on the electromagnetic compatibility of the push-pull power choke.

The working current in a first winding of a choke unit, which is in a phase of a first energy source, forms a magnetic flux. The working current in a second winding of another choke unit, which is in a like phase of a second energy source, also forms a magnetic flux which flows in the direction from the outer yoke to the multi-phase magnetic shunt as the first-mentioned magnetic flux. The multiphase magnetic shunt, which magnetically couples the throttling units in different phases, ensures that the magnetic flux generated by the working current is not displaced into the air. In multiphase systems, the sum of the working currents in the different phases is equal to zero. For this reason, the sum of the magnetic fluxes generated by the working currents, which are displaced out of the throttle units into the air gaps, is also equal to zero. In the multi-phase magnetic shunt, the magnetic fluxes cancel each other out, so that as a result, it is possible to significantly reduce or even completely eliminate the resulting stray field of the push-pull power choke.

The system is also very compact, the compact and cost-effective design can be advantageously fully utilized because no or only significantly reduced minimum distances to other components must be complied with.

The throttle units of the multiphase push-pull power choke are arranged so that the throttle units can be coupled into the corresponding phases of the energy sources. For example, the throttle units have corresponding electrical connections for this purpose. In other words, therefore, the throttle units are set up so that mutually corresponding phases of the first energy source and the second energy source can be coupled to each other via a throttle unit. The energy source itself is not a component of the polyphase push-pull power choke.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the magnetic shunt is in two parts. In particular, the magnetic shunt comprises a first shunt part and a second shunt part, which are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the plane. For example, the first shunt part and the second shunt part are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane to each other.

The symmetrical arrangement of the two shunt parts allows a compensation of stray fields on both sides of the plane in which the legs of the throttle units are arranged. In other words, therefore, a very efficient stray field compensation can be achieved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the multi-phase push-pull power choke is further developed in that an inner first end of the first leg is coupled to an inner first end of the second leg of the same choke unit exclusively via an inner central yoke of the choke unit. This is advantageous for all throttle units of the push-pull power choke. In addition, it is particularly provided that an outboard second end of the first leg of a first throttle unit is coupled via an outboard common first yoke to a second end of the first leg of a second throttle unit and an outboard second end of the second leg of the first throttle unit via an outboard common second Yoke is coupled to a second end of the second leg of the second throttle unit. This feature is again advantageous for all throttle units of the polyphase push-pull power choke.

Preferably, the legs of the cores are arranged in a straight line. On the legs, the coils are wound, they are frontally coupled together at their inner ends via a respective central inner yoke. This coupling takes place between the legs within a throttle unit. In contrast, the opposite second and outer ends of the respective legs are coupled to each other via an outer yoke which magnetically couples a plurality of throttle units with each other. Also, the central yoke and also the first and second outer common yoke are arranged in particular in the common plane in which the legs of the cores of the individual throttle units are arranged.

All of these components should be considered together as the core. The core of the polyphase push-pull power choke is packaged, for example, from sheet metal parts. In this case, the carton direction of the laminated cores is advantageously chosen so that a minimum magnetic resistance for the magnetic flux is ensured and the power losses in the core are minimal. If the box direction of the laminated cores is considered perpendicular to the common plane, then it is provided in particular that the box direction for the laminated cores in the individual legs of the throttle units is oriented perpendicular to a direction of packaging the laminated cores of the inner central yoke. The direction of the packaging in this component is preferably parallel to that of the common first and second outer yoke.

According to a further embodiment it is provided that the inner central yoke of the first throttle unit is magnetically coupled via the magnetic shunt with the inner central yoke of the second throttle unit.

When the push-pull power reactor is viewed in a flat position, a first portion of the magnetic shunt is located above the central yokes, and a second portion of the magnetic shunt is located below the central yokes of the individual choke units.

According to a further embodiment, the push-pull power choke is formed by the fact that between the inner central Yoke and the polyphase magnetic shunt a magnetic resistance is present. This magnetic resistance is in particular an air gap. It is further provided in particular that a first air gap between the central yokes and the first shunt part is present and a second air gap between the central yokes and the second shunt part is present. For example, the first and second air gaps are the same size. Advantageously, it is possible to adjust the size of the air gaps, the coupling between the cores of the throttle units and the multi-phase magnetic shunt variable.

According to one embodiment, it is provided that an air gap insert is present between the inner central yoke and the multi-phase magnetic shunt. The air-gap insert is, for example, a laminated core.

The air gaps between the multiphase magnetic shunt and the central yoke are relatively large. Therefore, it can lead to non-negligible field strengths in the nahliegenden turns. In order that proximity losses in the windings at the edge of the winding, which are close to the polyphase magnetic shunt, can be reduced, air gaps, for example of laminated cores, are provided in the air gaps.

The multi-phase push-pull power choke is further developed, in particular, in that a first end of the first outer common yoke and a pointing in the same direction first end of the second outer common yoke are magnetically coupled to each other via an additional leg.

The auxiliary leg serves to suppress the stray fields of uncompensated transient current components. If the energy sources, which are, for example, inverters, are not controlled symmetrically, uncompensated current components are formed in the phase currents. These generate in the throttle parasitic magnetic fluxes that close in the air between the outer common yokes. To avoid this undesirable effect, the auxiliary leg is provided. In this context, it is provided in particular that the additional leg has a smaller cross section than the legs of the throttle units. In such an embodiment, the core material is used particularly efficiently, the cost of the core material is thus optimized or reduced and the throttle is constructed more compact.

In order to increase the performance of the multi-phase push-pull power choke, without increasing their structural size, heat sinks are used. These heatsinks are particularly intended for cooling by means of a cooling liquid, for example water, and also, in particular, part of a water cooling system.

Thus, the multiphase push-pull power choke is advantageously developed by the fact that the throttle units each comprise at least one heat sink located on one side of the plane at least in sections along the first and the second leg between the first leg and the first winding and also between the second leg and the second winding extends.

In other words, therefore, the heat sink between the core and winding along the legs are installed. Between the windings and the cores are common heat sinks that extend in a straight line over the central yoke parts.

According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the throttle units each comprise a plurality of heat sinks, in particular two heat sinks. These two heatsinks preferably extend on opposite sides of the plane between the legs and the windings. For example, it is provided that the heat sinks are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane.

Advantageously, a heat sink is used for both windings of the throttle unit. Further, the coolant in the cooling system is mainly rectilinear, so the coolant guide has few arc points. For this reason, the heat sinks can be operated at a lower pressure than conventional heat sinks. Furthermore, compared to conventional solutions only half as many heatsinks are necessary.

According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the heat sinks have cooling water connections, which are arranged outside a surface occupied by the windings and / or the cores. This is true when the plane in which the cores of the throttle units extend is viewed vertically from above or from below.

Due to the reduced number of heatsink, the cooling system also has a smaller number of cooling water connections. This is advantageous in terms of service, installation and reliability of the cooling system. In the case of leaks which may occur at the water connections, neither the cores nor the coil are endangered, since the water connections are advantageously arranged outside the area occupied by these components.

According to aspects of the invention, a multi-phase push-pull power choke is advantageously provided, which generates only minimal magnetic stray fields and also has a very compact design. At the same time, it is possible to set the coupling factor flexibly. The mechanical, electrical, magnetic and thermal properties of the polyphase push-pull power choke are significantly improved over conventional solutions. This applies to every single one of the properties mentioned above, but above all to the sum of these properties. The multiphase push-pull power choke is thus distinguished over conventional solutions above all by the fact that both the mechanical as well as the electrical, magnetic and thermal properties are improved simultaneously.

It is known to use a first inverter as the first energy source and a second inverter as the second energy source. The polyphase push-pull power choke may for example be a component of such an inverter. Advantageously, such an inverter supplies AC voltage with less harmonic content.

The first and second energy sources may each have three phases. In three-phase systems, it is inevitable in many cases that a relatively large design must be accepted. However, the compact multi-phase push-pull power choke, which accordingly has three choke units which, as described in the aforementioned embodiments, are coupled together by the multi-phase magnetic shunt has, however, advantageously a particularly compact design.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments according to the invention together with the claims and the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the invention may satisfy individual features or a combination of several features.

• 1 eine schematisch vereinfachte Darstellung einer einphasigen Drossel gemäß dem Stand der Technik,
• 2 ein schematisch vereinfachtes Schaltbild eines zweiphasigen Systems mit zwei Wechselrichtern und zwei Drosseleinheiten,
• 3 ein schematisch vereinfachtes Schaltbild eines dreiphasigen Systems mit zwei Wechselrichtern und drei Drosseleinheiten,
• 4 eine dreiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel in einer schematisch vereinfachten Draufsicht aus der in 5 mit IV bezeichneten Richtung,
• 5 diese dreiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel in einer schematisch vereinfachten Seitenansicht aus der in 4 mit V bezeichneten Richtung,
• 6 die aus 5 bekannte schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht der dreiphasigen Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel, wobei die Wickelrichtungen der Wicklungen sowie die Richtungen der magnetischen Flüsse eines Arbeitsstroms und eines Gegentaktstroms angedeutet sind,
• 7 eine weitere dreiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel in einer schematisch vereinfachten Draufsicht, welche einen Zusatzschenkel umfasst,
• 8 eine weitere dreiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel, welche Kühlkörper umfasst, in einer schematisch vereinfachten Draufsicht aus der in 9 mit VIII bezeichneten Richtung,
• 9 diese dreiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel, die Kühlkörper umfasst, in einer schematisch vereinfachten Seitenansicht aus der in 8 mit IX bezeichneten Richtung,
• 10 eine zweiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel in einer schematisch vereinfachten Draufsicht aus der in 11 mit X bezeichneten Richtung,
• 11 diese zweiphasige Gegentakt-Leistungsdrossel in einer schematisch vereinfachten Seitenansicht aus der in 10 mit XI bezeichneten Richtung.

The invention will be described below without limiting the general inventive idea by means of embodiments with reference to the drawings, reference being expressly made to the drawings with respect to all in the text unspecified details of the invention. Show it:

• 1 a simplified schematic representation of a single-phase reactor according to the prior art,
• 2 a schematically simplified circuit diagram of a two-phase system with two inverters and two throttle units,
• 3 a schematically simplified circuit diagram of a three-phase system with two inverters and three throttle units,
• 4 a three-phase push-pull power choke in a schematically simplified plan view of the in 5 with direction IV,
• 5 this three-phase push-pull power choke in a simplified schematic side view of the in 4 direction indicated by V,
• 6 from 5 known schematically simplified side view of the three-phase push-pull power choke, wherein the winding directions of the windings and the directions of the magnetic fluxes of a working current and a push-pull current are indicated,
• 7 another three-phase push-pull power choke in a schematically simplified plan view, which includes an additional leg,
• 8th a further three-phase push-pull power choke, which comprises heatsink, in a schematically simplified plan view of the in 9 direction designated VIII,
• 9 this three-phase push-pull power choke, which includes heatsink, in a simplified schematic side view of the in 8th with IX direction,
• 10 a two-phase push-pull power choke in a schematically simplified plan view of the in 11 X direction,
• 11 this two-phase push-pull power choke in a simplified schematic side view of the in 10 with XI direction.

In the drawings, the same or similar elements and / or parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that apart from a new idea each.

2 shows a schematically simplified circuit diagram of a two-phase system comprising a first inverter WR1 and a second inverter WR2 , The first inverter WR1 is an exemplary first energy source 20a , the second inverter WR2 is an exemplary second energy source 20b , The two inverters WR1 . WR2 together form an energy source 20 of the system. The two inverters WR1 . WR2 are connected in parallel. A first phase A1 of the first inverter WR1 is with a corresponding first phase A2 of the second inverter WR2 to the phase A coupled together of the system. Accordingly, a second phase B1 of the first inverter WR1 with a corresponding second phase B2 of the second inverter WR2 to the phase B coupled together. At the stages A . B a load, not shown, is connected.

In phase A, there is a throttle unit Dr A as an exemplary first throttle unit. Your first and second winding 8_11 . 8_12 are schematic in 2 shown. In the phase B there is a throttling unit Dr B as an exemplary second throttle unit. Your first and second winding 8_21 . 8_22 are also shown schematically. The winding directions of the windings 8_11 . 8_12 . 8_21 . 8_22 , as well as the electrical connections and Connections are in 6 indicated, which will be explained in more detail below.

3 shows a schematically simplified circuit diagram of a three-phase system, which also has two inverters, namely the first inverter WR1 and the second inverter WR2 , as exemplary first and second energy sources 20a . 20b , includes. In this system, three throttle units Dr U, Dr V and Dr W are provided. The phases U1 . V1 and W1 of the first inverter WR1 are with the corresponding phases U2 . V2 and W2 of the second inverter WR2 to the phases U . V and W coupled together of the system. An attached three-phase load is not shown. The windings 8th the three chokes Dr U . Dr V and Dr. W are in the individual phases of the inverter WR1 . WR2 arranged. The first and second winding 8_11 . 8_12 the first throttle unit Dr U is in the first phase U arranged, the first and second winding 8_21 . 8_22 the second throttle unit Dr V is disposed in the second phase V and the first and second windings 8_31 . 8_32 the third throttle unit Dr W is disposed in the third phase W. Again, the winding directions of the windings 8_11 . 8_12 . 8_21 . 8_22 . 8_31 and 8_32 , also generally with reference numerals 8th be designated, as well as the electrical connections and connections in 6 indicated, which will be explained later in more detail.

In a multi-phase push-pull power choke for damping transient push-pull currents, as shown in the in 2 and 3 shown systems in front of the terminals A . B respectively. U . V . W circulating in the system are the throttle units Dr A . Dr B respectively. Dr U . Dr V and Dr. W in different phases A . B respectively. U . V . W via at least one multiphase magnetic shunt 24 magnetically coupled with each other. In addition, the legs of the throttle units are arranged in a common plane. It is preferably provided that the magnetic shunt 24 is two-part, with a first shunt part 24_1 and a second shunt part 24_2 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the plane in which the legs extend.

Various embodiments of such push-pull power chokes are shown in the following figures.

4 shows a push-pull power choke 10 , for example, a three-phase push-pull power choke. This is in 4 shown in a simplified schematic plan view. 5 shows this three-phase push-pull power choke 10 in a simplified schematic side view of the in 4 with V direction. In the 4 shown top view is from in 5 shown with IV direction.

The push-pull power choke 10 serves to attenuate transient push-pull currents between a three-phase power source 20 as for example and schematically in 3 is shown, and also a three-phase electrical load, as for example, to the in 3 With U . V and W designated terminals is connected.

The three-phase push-pull power choke 10 comprises three throttle units, namely a first throttle unit 12_1 , a second throttle unit 12_2 and a third throttle unit 12_3 , which also generally with reference numerals 12 should be designated. These throttle units 12 are in the appropriate stages U1 . V1 . W1 a first energy source 20a and in the appropriate phases U2 . V2 . W2 a second energy source 20b arranged. The corresponding phases of the two energy sources 20a . 20b are each about one of the throttle units 12_1 . 12_2 or 12_3 coupled together. Each of the throttle units 12_1 . 12_2 . 12_3 includes a core each having a first leg 4_11 . 4_21 . 4_31 and with a second leg 4_12 . 4_22 . 4_32 , On the first thighs 4_11 . 4_21 . 4_31 is in each case a first winding 8_11 . 8_21 . 8_31 arranged. On the respective second thighs 4_12 . 4_22 . 4_32 is in each case a second winding 8_12 . 8_22 . 8_32 arranged. The thigh 4_11 . 4_21 . 4_31 . 4_12 . 4_22 . 4_32 , which also generally with reference numerals 4 to be designated, the throttle units 12 are arranged in a common plane, which is the drawing plane of 4 corresponds to or runs parallel to this. This common level e is in 5 indicated by dotted line. For example, it runs centrally through the cores of the throttle units 12 , In 5 this is an example of the viewing direction V (see. 4 ) Front third throttle unit 12_3 ,

The cores of the throttle units 12 are over a multi-phase magnetic shunt 24 which is outside the common plane e is arranged, magnetically coupled together. The magnetic shunt 24 is preferably constructed in two parts, wherein a first shunt part 24_1 in 5 above the common level e is arranged, and a second shunt part 24_2 below the common level e is arranged. The two shunt parts 24_1 . 24_2 Together form the magnetic shunt 24 , The two shunt parts 24_1 . 24_2 are opposite each other on both sides of the common plane e arranged, for example symmetrically.

The cores of the throttle units 12 embrace beside the thighs 4 one inner central yoke each 14_1 . 14_2 . 14_3 , The inner central yokes 14_1 . 14_2 . 14_3 are also generally with reference numerals 14 designated. Over the inner central yoke 14_1 is an inboard first end of the first leg 4_11 the first throttle unit 12_1 with an opposite further inner first end of the second leg 4_12 coupled. The inner ends of the first and second legs 4_11 . 4_12 are exclusively over the inner central yoke 14_1 coupled together. This coupling thus takes place within the respective throttle unit 12 , The coupling between the two thighs 4_11 . 4_12 passing over the central yoke 14_1 is done by a width of a gap 16 between the respective first ends of the legs 4_11 . 4_12 and the opposite end faces of the central yoke 14_1 set. The gap 16 is for example an air gap. For clarity, only the column 16 the first throttle unit 12_1 provided with reference numerals.

The above statements relate to the coupling between the legs 4 the throttle units 12 and apply analogously to the second and third throttle unit 12_2 and 12_3 ,

An outside second end of the first leg 4_11 the first throttle unit 12_1 is via an outboard common first yoke 18_1 with an outer second end of the first leg 4_21 the second throttle unit 12_2 coupled. At the in 4 illustrated three-phase push-pull power choke 10 is also the outer second end of the first leg 4_31 the third throttle unit 12_3 over this external common first yoke 18_1 with the outer second ends of the two first legs 4_11 . 4_21 the first and second throttle units 12_1 . 12_2 coupled. Opposite to the first outer common yoke 18_1 is a second outboard common yoke 18_2 arranged. About the second outer common yoke 18_2 are the second ends of the second leg 4_12 . 4_22 . 4_32 the first to third throttle unit 12_1 . 12_2 . 12_3 coupled with each other. The coupling over the two outer yokes 18_1 . 18_2 , which together also with reference numerals 18 should be designated, so takes place between the individual throttle units 12 , The couplings mentioned are always magnetic couplings of the mentioned components with one another.

Beside the thighs 4 are also the central yokes 14 as well as the outer yokes 18 in the common plane e , By way of example, this is in 5 for the third throttle unit 12_3 visible, noticeable.

In the aforementioned components, namely the legs 4 , the central yokes 14 , the outer yokes 18 and also with the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 For example, these are bleached components. These are constructed, for example, from electrical sheets which are packaged. A packaging direction is indicated for the components in some places by way of example with parallel lines. The electrical sheets from which the components are made, for example, are arranged parallel to the illustrated lines, a Paketierungsrichtung thus runs perpendicular to the lines shown. The packaging or stacking direction is chosen so that the magnetic resistance and the power losses within the components are minimal. For this purpose, for example, the stacking directions of the polyphase magnetic shunt 24 and the thigh 4 oriented perpendicular to each other, viewed in the in 5 represented level. This also applies to a consideration in the 4 represented level. The stacking directions between the thighs 4 and the central yokes 14 is rotated by 90 ° to each other, as can be seen from a comparison of 4 and 5 results. The outer yokes 18 have the same stacking direction as the legs 4 on.

A magnetic coupling between the cores of the throttle units 12 and the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 can be defined by a distance between a surface of the cores and an opposite surface of the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 to adjust. In 5 this is an example of the first distance d1 between an inner side of the first shunt part 24_1 and a top of the central yoke 14_3 , A coupling between the central yoke 14_3 and the second shunt part 24_2 can be achieved by changing the distance d2 set which is between a bottom of the central yoke 14_3 and an inner side of the second shunt part 24_2 is measured. For example, the two distances d1 and d2 same size.

Between the inner central yoke 14 and the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 is provided a magnetic resistance, which is for example an air gap 30 the width d1 respectively. d2 is.

In the air gaps 30 on both sides of the polyphase magnetic shunt 24 For example, each is an air gap insert 31 available. These components are also, for example, laminated cores. The air column 30 the width d1 . d2 between the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 and the central yoke 14 are relatively large and so can not negligible field strengths occur in the nahliegenden turns. Thus proximity losses in the windings at the edge the nearest winding 8_31 . 8_32 near to the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 can be reduced are in the air gaps 30 Air gap deposits 31 , For example, from laminated cores, provided.

6 shows the off 5 already known, schematically simplified side view of the three-phase push-pull power choke 10 , In addition, schematically and by way of example is an electrical conductor 25 represented, with the winding sense of the first winding 8_31 and the second winding 8_32 is shown. Transient push-pull currents generate magnetic fluxes through the intended winding sense and the winding circuit F1 and F2 passing through the thighs 4_31 . 4_32 from one of the outer yokes 18_1 . 18_2 to the other outer yoke flow in a common direction. By contrast, working currents generate the magnetic fluxes through the intended winding sense and the winding circuit F1 * and F2 * in each of the two thighs 4_31 . 4_32 are opposing each other. These magnetic rivers F1 * . F2 * be over the air gaps 30 with the distances d1 and d2 (see. 5 ) in the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 ie in the first shunt part 24_1 and the second shunt part 24_2 repressed. In multiphase systems, the sum of the working currents in the different phases is equal to zero. For this reason, the sum of the magnetic fluxes generated by the working currents is F1 * . F2 * in the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 also equal to zero. This protects against unwanted stray fields in the environment of the polyphase push-pull power choke 10 ,

For the working currents is the inductance of the two windings 8_31 . 8_32 given by: 2x (LM). For the transient push-pull currents, the inductance of the two windings is 8_31 . 8_32 however 2x (L + M). The resulting inductance for the transient push-pull currents 2x (L + M) is greater than the resulting inductance for the working current 2x (LM). The magnetic coupling K, defined as K = M / L, is achieved by adjusting the width of the air gaps, ie by adjusting the first and second distances d1 . d2 between the central yoke 14 and the multiphase magnetic shunt 24 set.

7 shows another three-phase push-pull power choke 10 in a simplified schematic plan view, this push-pull power choke 10 an additional leg 27 includes. With the help of the additional leg 27 is a first end of the first outer common yoke 18_1 and a first end of the second outboard common yoke facing in the same direction 18_2 magnetically coupled to each other. Become the inverters serving as energy sources WR1 . WR2 (see. 2 and 3 ) are not symmetrically controlled, so in the phase currents uncompensated current components, dI = Iu + Iv + Iw> 0, where lu, Iv and Iw form phase currents of the current component dI. These uncompensated current components generate in the push-pull power choke 10 parasitic magnetic fluxes that are in the air over the outer yokes 18_1 . 18_2 shut down. Therefore, the inductance Ld <2x (L + M) applies to these current components. To avoid this undesirable effect and to suppress the resulting stray fields, the additional leg 27 introduced the outer yokes 18_1 . 18_2 magnetically coupled with each other. The additional leg 27 is for lower parasitic magnetic fluxes than the yokes 14 . 18 used, which is why he, as in 7 indicated a smaller cross-section than the other yoke legs 14 . 18 can have.

8th shows another three-phase push-pull power choke 10 in a simplified schematic plan view of the in 9 designated VIII direction. This three-phase push-pull power choke 10 is in a simplified schematic side view in 9 shown from the in 8th designated IV direction.

The in the 8th and 9 shown polyphase push-pull power choke 10 is structured as well as in the 4 and 5 shown polyphase push-pull power choke 10 , which is why repeated explanations should be omitted. Unlike this in the 4 and 5 shown push-pull power choke 10 has the in the 8th and 9 shown polyphase push-pull power choke 10 however heat sink 26_11 . 26_21 and 26_31 on. Each of the throttle units 12_1 . 12_2 and 12_3 has a pair of heat sinks, that is, a first heat sink 26_11 . 26_21 and 26_31 and a second heat sink 26_32 on. For the third throttle unit 12_3 is the heat sink pair 26_31 . 26_32 in 9 visible, noticeable. The heat sink, which generally also with reference numerals 26 to be designated extend on one side of the common plane e (in 9 indicated by dotted line) along the first and second legs 4_11 . 4_12 ; 4_21 . 4_22 ; 4_31 . 4_32 between the thighs 4 and the windings 8_11 . 8_12 ; 8_21 . 8_22 ; 8_31 . 8_32 , The heat sinks 26 each extend between the first legs 4_11 . 4_21 . 4_31 and the first windings 8_11 . 8_21 . 8_31 and also between the second thighs 4_12 . 4_22 . 4_32 and the associated second windings 8_12 . 8_22 . 8_32 , In other words, in each case a heat sink extends 26 along two legs 4 and two windings 8th , In the illustrated embodiment, the heat sink 26 also in the area of the central yokes 14 continued. The heat sinks 26 preferably extend symmetrically on both sides of the common level e , Since their shape is straight and the cooling water must therefore undergo little or no bends for this reason, a comparatively low water pressure for the operation of the heat sink 26 sufficient.

The heat sinks 26 also include cooling water connections 28 of which, for reasons of clarity, only a few are provided with reference numerals. The cooling water connections 28 are outside one of the windings 8th or the nuclei of the choke units 12 occupied area arranged. This is in the plan view of 8th visible, noticeable. Should there be leaks in the area of the connections 28 come, so neither the windings 8th nor the cores damaged by water.

10 shows a further embodiment of a multi-phase push-pull power choke 10 , which, unlike the previous embodiments, not three, but two-phase is executed. It shows 10 a schematic plan view of the in 11 X direction. 11 shows this two-phase push-pull power choke 10 from an in 10 with XI direction. This two-phase push-pull power choke 10 is analogous to the previously described three-phase push-pull power chokes 10 built up. To avoid repetition, it is based on the comments related to the 4 and 5 only note that the two-phase push-pull power choke 10 two throttle units 12_1 . 12_2 includes. The remarks in connection with the 4 and 5 however, they are analogous.

All mentioned features, including the drawings alone to be taken as well as individual features that are disclosed in combination with other features are considered alone and in combination as essential to the invention. Embodiments of the invention may be accomplished by individual features or a combination of several features. In the context of the invention, features which are identified by "particular" or "preferably" are to be understood as optional features.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

core

3

column

4

leg

4_1, 4_11, 4_21, 4_31

first leg

4_2, 4_12, 4_22, 4_32

second leg

4_3

third thigh

5

air gaps

6_1

upper yoke

6_2

lower yoke

8th

winding

8_1, 8_11, 8_21, 8_31

first winding

8_2, 8_12, 8_22, 8_32

second winding

10

Push-pull power reactor

12

restrictor

12_1

first throttle unit

12_2

second throttle unit

12_3

third throttle unit

14

central yoke

14_1

first central yoke

14_2

second central yoke

14_3

third central yoke

16

gap

18

outboard yoke

18_1

first outboard yoke

18_2

second outboard yoke

20

energy

20a

first source of energy

20b

second energy source

24

multiphase magnetic shunt

24_1

first shunt part

24_2

second shunt part

25

electrical conductor

26

heatsink

26_11, 26_21, 26_31

first heat sink

26_32

second heat sink

27

additional leg

28

Cooling water connection

30

air gap

31

Air gap liner

WR1

first inverter

WR2

second inverter

d1

first distance

d2

second distance

F1, F1 *, F2, F2 *

magnetic river

e

level

SF

stray field

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2814151 A1 [0005]
• DE 202016104544 U1 [0006, 0012]

Claims (9)

A multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) for attenuating transient push-pull currents between an at least two-phase power source (20) and an electrical load having a corresponding number of phases, the power source (20) having an at least two-phase first power source (20a) and a parallel connected thereto at least two-phase second power source (20b), and wherein the multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) at least two throttle units (12_1, 12_2, 12_3) comprises, and corresponding phases of the first power source (20a) and the second power source (20b) respectively over a throttle unit (12_1, 12_2, 12_3) are coupled, wherein the throttle units (12_1, 12_2, 12_3) each have a core with a first leg (4_11, 4_21, 4_31), on which a first winding (8_11, 8_21, 8_31) arranged is, and a second leg (4_12, 4_22, 4_32), on which a second winding (8_12, 8_22, 8_32) is arranged, characterized in that the legs (4) of the choke units (12) are arranged in a common plane (E) and the cores of the differently phase arranged choke units (12) are magnetically coupled to a multi-phase magnetic shunt (24), the multi-phase magnetic shunt (24) is arranged outside the common plane (E). Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after Claim 1 characterized in that the magnetic shunt (24) is in two parts, wherein a first shunt part (24_1) and a second shunt part (24_2) are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the plane (E). Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that in all throttle units (12_1, 12_2, 12_3) an inner first end of the first leg (4_11, 4_21, 4_31) exclusively via an inner central yoke (14_1, 14_2, 14_3) of the throttle unit (12) with an inner first end of the second leg (4_12, 4_22, 4_32) of the same throttle unit (12), and also an outboard second end of the first leg (4_11) of a first throttle unit (12_1) via an outboard common first yoke (18_1) with a second one End of the first leg (4_21) of a second throttle unit (12_2) is coupled and an outboard second end of the second leg (4_12) of the first throttle unit (12_1) via an outboard common second yoke (18_2) with a second end of the second leg (4_22 ) of the second throttle unit (12_2) is coupled. Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after Claim 3 , characterized in that the inner central yoke (14_1) of the first throttle unit (12_1) is magnetically coupled via the magnetic shunt (24) with the inner central yoke (14_2) of the second throttle unit (12_2). Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after Claim 4 , characterized in that between the inner central yoke (14) and the multi-phase magnetic shunt (24), a magnetic resistance, in particular an air gap (30), is present. Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that between the inner central yoke (14) and the multi-phase magnetic shunt (24) an air gap insert (31), which is in particular made of a laminated core, is present. Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after one of Claims 3 to 6 , characterized in that a first end of the first outboard common yoke (18_1) and a first end of the second outboard common yoke (18_2) facing in the same direction are magnetically coupled together via an auxiliary leg (27). Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after one of Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the throttle units (12) in each case comprise at least one heat sink (26), which on one side of the plane (E) at least in sections along the first and the second leg (4) between the first leg (4_11, 4_21, 4_31) and the first winding (8_11, 8_21, 8_31) and also between the second leg (4_12, 4_22, 4_32) and the second winding (8_12, 8_22, 8_32). Multi-phase push-pull power choke (10) after Claim 8 , characterized in that the cooling bodies (26) have cooling water connections (28) which are arranged outside a surface occupied by the windings (8) and / or the cores.

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