DE102017108459A1 - Vehicle component made of a particle-reinforced metal material - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a vehicle component (100) of a vehicle that is formed of a particle-reinforced metal material (101), wherein the particle-reinforced metal material (101) comprises ceramic particles (103), and wherein a distribution of the ceramic particles (103) in the particle-reinforced metal material (101) is selected as a function of a given material property of the particle-reinforced metal material (101).

Description

The present disclosure relates to a vehicle component made of a particle-reinforced metal material, in particular of a particle-reinforced aluminum alloy.

In order to reduce emissions of vehicle loads, it is attempted to reduce the weight of the vehicle by using lightweight materials with a low weight. For corresponding vehicles to continue to meet the necessary safety requirements, the lightweight materials used must also have advantageous material properties in order to be used in vehicle construction.

The publication DE 10 2015 206 183 A1 discloses a particle-reinforced steel material for use in vehicle construction, wherein the particle-reinforced steel material is connected on one or both sides to at least one layer of a non-particle-reinforced metal material.

It is the object of the present disclosure to provide another efficient vehicle component.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are subject of the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying figures.

The present disclosure is based on the finding that the above object can be achieved by the use of a particle-reinforced metal material in a vehicle component, wherein the distribution of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material is selected as a function of a given material property of the particle-reinforced metal material.

In this way, depending on the desired material properties, the density of the ceramic particles within the particle-reinforced metal material can be varied in order to realize different material properties depending on the requirement profile of the vehicle component.

According to one aspect, the disclosure relates to a vehicle component of a vehicle formed from a particle-reinforced metal material, wherein the particle-reinforced metal material comprises ceramic particles, and wherein a distribution of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material is selected in dependence on a given material property of the particle-reinforced metal material.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that particularly advantageous material properties of the vehicle component can be ensured by the particle-reinforced metal material.

Particle-reinforced metal materials, such as e.g. Particle-reinforced aluminum alloys, allow the use of light metals in vehicle construction, whereby the weight of the vehicle can be advantageously reduced. By using ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal materials, particularly advantageous material properties, such as e.g. Stiffness or load capacity of the vehicle component can be ensured.

As a result, the vehicle component comprising a particle-reinforced metal material can fulfill the safety requirements necessary for vehicle construction and at the same time have a low weight.

In the vehicle component according to the present disclosure, the distribution of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material is selected depending on a predetermined material property of the particle-reinforced metal material. Thus, by adjusting the distribution of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material at the same time the predetermined material property of the particle-reinforced metal material can be adjusted advantageously. As a result, the material properties of the vehicle component can be variably adjusted depending on the location and the purpose of use in the vehicle, resulting in particularly flexible material design options in vehicle construction.

In one embodiment, the ceramic particles are homogeneously distributed in the particle-reinforced metal material, wherein the ceramic particles are distributed homogeneously in the particle-reinforced metal material, in particular in the entire volume of the vehicle component.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the material properties caused by the homogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material are likewise distributed uniformly in the particle-reinforced metal material. In particular, the ceramic particles in the entire volume of the vehicle component are homogeneously distributed in the particle-reinforced metal material. Thereby, an irregular distribution of the ceramic particles can be prevented, so that the occurrence of regions in the particle-reinforced metal material having adverse material properties can be prevented.

In one embodiment, the number of ceramic particles is in a first volume region of the vehicle component and the number of ceramic particles in a second volume region of the vehicle component is the same, wherein the first volume region and the second volume region have the same volume.

Thereby, the advantage is achieved that a particularly advantageous homogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles in the vehicle component is ensured by the same number of ceramic particles in the same large volume areas of the vehicle component.

In one embodiment, the ceramic particles are inhomogeneously distributed in the particle-reinforced metal material, the vehicle component in particular having a first volume region and a second volume region having the same volume, wherein the number of ceramic particles in the first volume region of the vehicle component and the number of ceramic particles is different in size in the second volume region of the vehicle component.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that in the vehicle component areas with a different number of ceramic particles can be formed in order to adapt the material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material in certain areas. For example, in an outside area of the particle-reinforced metal material, e.g. at a contact point with another component, the number of ceramic particles be greater than in an inner region of the particle-reinforced metal material. Thereby, e.g. a rigidity of the vehicle component can be increased specifically at the outer area.

In one embodiment, the particle-reinforced metal material comprises particle-reinforced aluminum, in particular a particle-reinforced aluminum alloy.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the particle-reinforced aluminum, in particular the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy, the production of a particularly light vehicle component with particularly advantageous material properties, such. a high rigidity, allows.

In one embodiment, in addition to aluminum, the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy additionally comprises manganese, magnesium, iron, chromium, copper, titanium, silicon, nickel, zinc and / or beryllium, and the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy comprises in particular an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy. Manganese alloy, and / or an aluminum-magnesium-silicon-copper alloy, and / or an aluminum-zinc alloy.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the elements in addition to aluminum in the aluminum alloy allow the material properties of the aluminum alloy can be particularly advantageous adapted to the requirements of the corresponding vehicle component. An aluminum-magnesium-silicon-copper alloy, eg AlMg1SiCu (AW-6061) according to DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 , and / or an aluminum-silicon-magnesium-manganese alloy, eg AlSi1MgMn (AW-6082) according to DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 , and / or an aluminum-zinc alloy, for example an alloy of the aluminum series 7000 according to the DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 , can be used in particular.

In one embodiment, the ceramic particles comprise boron nitride, aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, zirconium oxide, alumina, chromium oxide, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tungsten boride, or mixtures thereof, especially silicon carbide.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that particularly advantageous material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material can be ensured by the constituents of the ceramic particles. For example, silicon carbide particles have a particularly high hardness, whereby particularly advantageous strength properties of the particle-reinforced metal material can be ensured.

In one embodiment, the proportion of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material is from 5% by weight to 40% by weight, in particular from 15% by weight to 30% by weight.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the desired material properties of the vehicle component can advantageously be determined by the proportion by weight of the ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material. By increasing the proportion of ceramic particles in the particle-reinforced metal material, material properties such as e.g. Strength of the particle-reinforced metal material can be improved.

In an embodiment, the material property comprises a density of the particle-reinforced metal material, a modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material, a thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material, and / or a solidus temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material, wherein the material property in particular comprises a modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that advantageous values of the mentioned material properties are required for the use of the vehicle component in a vehicle. In order to reduce the weight of the vehicle component, it is advantageous that the density of the particle-reinforced metal material has a reduced value. The modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material describes the relationship between stress and strain during the deformation of the vehicle component, whereby an increased value correlates with an increased resistance of the vehicle component to deformation. The thermal conductivity describes the ability of the vehicle component to conduct heat. The solidus temperature characterizes the temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material at and below which the particle-reinforced metal material is completely in solid phase.

In one embodiment, the density of the particle-reinforced metal material is selected from 2.5 g / cm ³ to 3.1 g / cm ³ , in particular from 2.7 g / cm ³ to 2.9 g / cm ³ .

As a result, the advantage is achieved that a reduced density of the particle-reinforced metal material allows a particularly advantageous lightweight construction of the vehicle component.

In one embodiment, the modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material is selected from 70 GPa to 130 GPa, in particular from 90 GPa to 110 GPa.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the modulus of elasticity can be advantageously adjusted depending on the position of the vehicle component in the vehicle. If a particularly high rigidity of the vehicle component is required, the modulus of elasticity has a high value. If a particularly high deformability of the vehicle component is required, the modulus of elasticity has a lower value.

In one embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material of 130 W / m × K to 170 W / m × K, in particular from 140 W / m × K to 160 W / m × K, is selected.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the advantageous thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material ensures a particularly effective dissipation of heat in the vehicle component.

In one embodiment, the solidus temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material is selected from 530 ° C to 610 ° C, in particular from 550 ° C to 590 ° C.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that a particularly temperature-resistant particle-reinforced metal material is obtained.

In one embodiment, the vehicle component is formed entirely from a particle-reinforced metal material, in particular from a particle-reinforced aluminum alloy.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that a vehicle component formed entirely from a particle-reinforced metal material ensures particularly advantageous material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material over the entire area of the vehicle component.

In one embodiment, the ceramic particles of the particle-reinforced metal material have a diameter between 100 nm and 30 μm.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the material properties of the particle-reinforced material can be advantageously set by the selection of ceramic particles with different diameters.

In one embodiment, the ceramic particles have a round, angular and / or plate-like shape.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the material properties of the particle-reinforced material can be advantageously set by selecting a round, angular and / or plate-shaped form.

In one embodiment, the vehicle component is manufactured as an extruded profile or a forged part.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that a particularly advantageous production of the vehicle component is ensured by forging or extrusion.

In one embodiment, the vehicle component can be installed in a chassis of a vehicle, the vehicle component in particular comprising a wheel suspension, a link, an axle, an axle carrier, a spring link and / or a bumper. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the vehicle component ensures particularly advantageous mechanical properties and a reduced weight of the chassis.

In one embodiment, the vehicle component can be installed in a body of a vehicle, the vehicle component in particular comprising a floor panel, a side sill, a roof frame, a vehicle pillar and / or a side frame.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that the vehicle component ensures particularly advantageous mechanical properties and a reduced weight of the body.

• 1 Fahrzeugbauteil eines Fahrzeuges aus einem partikelverstärkten Metallwerkstoff gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform; und
• 2 Fahrzeugbauteil eines Fahrzeuges aus einem partikelverstärkten Metallwerkstoff gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform.

Further embodiments will be explained with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

• 1 Vehicle component of a vehicle made of a particle-reinforced metal material according to a first embodiment; and
• 2 Vehicle component of a vehicle made of a particle-reinforced metal material according to a second embodiment.

1 shows a schematic view of a vehicle component 100 a vehicle according to a first embodiment. That in the 1 shown vehicle component 100 is shown only schematically. However, it may include any forms and design options, which include the installation of the vehicle component 100 in a vehicle.

The vehicle component 100 this can be a vehicle component 100 or several vehicle components 100 include, which can be installed in a chassis and / or in a body of a vehicle, and the at least one vehicle component 100 This may in particular include a suspension, a handlebar, an axle, an axle, a spring link, a bumper, a bottom plate, a side sill, a roof frame, a vehicle pillar and / or a side frame.

The vehicle component 100 can be designed here as an extruded profile or a forged part, which can be produced by an extrusion process or a forging process.

In order to reduce emissions in vehicles, an attempt is made to reduce vehicle weight by using lightweight materials. In order for corresponding vehicles to continue to meet the necessary safety requirements, the light materials used must also have advantageous material properties in order to be used in vehicle construction.

Here, in conventionally used vehicle components, metal materials, such as e.g. Aluminum alloys, used. Due to adverse material properties, such as low stiffness, of conventionally used metal materials, e.g. Aluminum alloys are often necessary due to the necessary safety requirements in the vehicle bar greater wall thicknesses of conventional vehicle components. The larger wall thicknesses of conventional vehicle components adversely affect the price of the vehicle component and the weight of the vehicle component.

The vehicle component 100 According to the present disclosure is made of a particle-reinforced metal material 101 shaped, which ceramic particles 103 includes, wherein the ceramic particles 103 in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 are distributed. In the 1 are schematic sections of the interior of the vehicle component 100 shown, wherein the ceramic particles 103 not shown to scale.

The distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 is dependent on a given material property of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 selected. Thus, by modifying the distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 one or more material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 be controlled advantageously.

As in the first embodiment according to the 1 are shown are the ceramic particles 103 homogeneous in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 Also, a uniform distribution of the desired material property in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 sure. The ceramic particles 103 are in particular in the entire volume of the vehicle component 100 homogeneous in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 distributed, so that in this case no volume ranges in the vehicle component 100 with an inhomogeneous and thus not uniform distribution of the ceramic particles 103 available.

A homogeneous, or uniform, distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 means that the number of ceramic particles 103 in a first volume range 105 of the vehicle component 100 and in a second volume range 107 of the vehicle component 100 is the same size, the first volume range 105 and the second volume range 107 have the same volume.

As a result, the advantage is achieved that by the same number of ceramic particles in the same volume areas 105 . 107 of the vehicle component 100 a particularly advantageous homogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the vehicle component 100 is ensured.

The particle-reinforced metal material 101 may comprise particle-reinforced aluminum, in particular a particle-reinforced aluminum alloy. In addition to aluminum, the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy may additionally comprise manganese, magnesium, iron, chromium, copper, titanium, silicon, nickel, zinc and / or beryllium. In particular, the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum-magnesium-silicon-copper alloy, for example AlMg1SiCu (AW-6061) according to US Pat DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 , and / or an aluminum-silicon-magnesium-manganese alloy, eg AlSi1MgMn (AW-6082) according to DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 and / or an aluminum-zinc alloy, for example an alloy of the aluminum series 7000 according to DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 ,

The ceramic particles 103 include boron nitride, aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, zirconium oxide, alumina, chromium oxide, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tungsten boride, or mixtures thereof, especially silicon carbide. The proportion of ceramic particles 103 in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 is in particular from 5% by weight to 40% by weight, in particular from 15% by weight to 30% by weight selected.

The ceramic particles 103 of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 can have a diameter between 100 nm and 30 microns, or the ceramic particles 103 may have a round, angular and / or plate-like shape.

By using different types, sizes, shapes and quantities of ceramic particles 103 in different types of particle-reinforced metal materials 101 can be particularly advantageous material properties, such as stiffness or load capacity of the vehicle component 100 depending on the safety requirements of the vehicle component 100 advantageously varied and thus controlled.

The intended material property of the particle-reinforced material 101 includes a density of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 , a modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 , a thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 and / or a solidus temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 ,

Here is the density of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 from 2.5 g / cm ³ to 3.1 g / cm ³ , in particular from 2.7 g / cm ³ to 2.9 g / cm ³ .

Here, the modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 be chosen from 70 GPa to 130 GPa, in particular from 90 GPa to 110 GPa, so that the modulus of elasticity depending on the position of the vehicle component 100 can be set in the vehicle advantageous. Is a particularly high rigidity of the vehicle component 100 needed, the elastic modulus has a high value. In this case, a higher content of particles with high strength results in a high rigidity of the vehicle component 100 , Is a particularly high deformability of the vehicle component 100 required, the modulus of elasticity has a lower value.

The thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 may be selected from 130 W / mx K to 170 W / mx K, in particular from 140 W / mx K to 160 W / mx K.

The solidus temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 may be selected from 530 ° C to 610 ° C, especially from 550 ° C to 590 ° C.

Thus, the use of a particle-reinforced metal material allows 101 in a vehicle component 100 According to the present disclosure, a particularly advantageous weight reduction of the vehicle component 100 , while at the same time advantageous material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 , such as stiffness, can be ensured.

Here are the material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 by the distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the particle-reinforced metal material 101 variably adjustable.

In addition, a corresponding vehicle component 100 be prepared by a conventional extrusion or forging process as extruded or forged body.

2 shows a schematic view of a vehicle component 100 a vehicle according to a second embodiment. That in the 2 shown vehicle component 100 is shown only schematically, but may include any shapes and design options, which include the installation of the vehicle component 100 into a vehicle.

That in the 2 illustrated vehicle component 100 according to the second embodiment corresponds to in the 1 illustrated vehicle part 100 according to the first embodiment except that the vehicle component 100 according to the second embodiment, no homogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the entire volume of the vehicle component 100 but an inhomogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles 103 having.

Like in the 2 is shown, the vehicle component 100 a first volume range 105 and a second volume area 107 which have the same volume, wherein the number of ceramic particles 103 in the first volume area 105 of the vehicle component 100 and the number of ceramic particles 103 in the second volume area 107 of the vehicle component 100 is different in size.

For example, the vehicle component 100 an interior area 109 and an outdoor area 111 exhibit. Here, the outdoor area 111 of the vehicle component 100 For example, be in contact with another component of the vehicle, and for example the interior 109 of the vehicle component 100 at least partially enclose. According to the 2 has a second volume range 107 of the outdoor area 111 a larger number of ceramic particles 103 on, as a comparable volume range 105 of the interior 109 , Thus, the distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the interior 109 from the distribution of the ceramic particles 103 in the outdoor area 111 differ. This allows different material properties of the particle-reinforced metal material 101 in the interior 109 and the outside area 111 of the vehicle component 100 advantageous, or different from each other, are selected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

vehicle component

101

Particle-reinforced metal material

103

Ceramic particles

105

First volume range of the vehicle component

107

Second volume range of the vehicle component

109

Interior of the vehicle component

111

Exterior of the vehicle component

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102015206183 A1 [0003]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN standard DIN EN 573-1 [0022, 0059]

Claims (19)

A vehicle component (100) of a vehicle formed of a particle-reinforced metal material (101), wherein the particle-reinforced metal material (101) comprises ceramic particles (103), and wherein a distribution of the ceramic particles (103) in the particle-reinforced metal material (101) in Dependence on a given material property of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) is selected. Vehicle component (100) according to Claim 1 in which the ceramic particles (103) are homogeneously distributed in the particle-reinforced metal material (101), and wherein the ceramic particles (103) are distributed homogeneously in the particle-reinforced metal material (101), in particular in the entire volume of the vehicle component (100). Vehicle component (100) according to Claim 2 wherein the number of ceramic particles (103) in a first volume region (105) of the vehicle component (100) and the number of ceramic particles (103) in a second volume region (107) of the vehicle component (100) is equal, and wherein the first volume region (105) and the second volume region (107) have the same volume. Vehicle component (100) according to Claim 1 wherein the ceramic particles (103) are inhomogeneously distributed in the particle-reinforced metal material (101), wherein the vehicle component (100) has in particular a first volume region (105) and a second volume region (107) having the same volume, wherein the number of ceramic particles (103) in the first volume region (105) of the vehicle component (100) and the number of ceramic particles (103) in the second volume region (107) of the vehicle component (100) is different. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the particle-reinforced metal material (101) comprises particle-reinforced aluminum, in particular a particle-reinforced aluminum alloy. Vehicle component (100) according to Claim 5 in which the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy comprises, in addition to aluminum, additionally manganese, magnesium, iron, chromium, copper, titanium, silicon, nickel, zinc and / or beryllium, and wherein the particle-reinforced aluminum alloy is in particular an aluminum-silicon-magnesium-manganese Alloy and / or an aluminum-magnesium-silicon-copper alloy and / or an aluminum-zinc alloy. The vehicle component (100) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceramic particles (103) are boron nitride, aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, zirconium oxide, alumina, chromium oxide, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tungsten boride or mixtures thereof. in particular silicon carbide. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the proportion of the ceramic particles (103) in the particle-reinforced metal material (101) of 5 wt% to 40 wt%, in particular from 15 wt% to 30 wt% selected is. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the material property has a density of the particle-reinforced metal material (101), a modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material (101), a thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) and / or a solidus temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material (101). and wherein the material property in particular comprises a modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material (101). Vehicle component (100) according to Claim 9 , wherein the density of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) of 2.5 g / cm ³ to 3.1 g / cm ³ , in particular from 2.7 g / cm ³ to 2.9 g / cm ³ , is selected. Vehicle component (100) according to Claim 9 or 10 , wherein the modulus of elasticity of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) from 70 GPa to 130 GPa, in particular from 90 GPa to 110 GPa, is selected. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding Claims 9 to 11 , wherein the thermal conductivity of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) from 130 W / mx K to 170 W / mx K, in particular from 140 W / mx K to 160 W / mx K, is selected. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding Claims 9 to 12 , wherein the solidus temperature of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) of 530 ° C to 610 ° C, in particular from 550 ° C to 590 ° C, is selected. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle component (100) is formed entirely from a particle-reinforced metal material (101), in particular from a particle-reinforced aluminum alloy. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceramic particles (103) of the particle-reinforced metal material (101) have a diameter of between 100 nm and 30 μm. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceramic particles (103) have a round, angular and / or plate-like shape. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle component (100) is produced as an extruded profile or a forged part. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, which is mountable in a chassis of a vehicle, wherein the vehicle component (100) in particular a wheel suspension, a handlebar, an axle, an axle, a spring link and / or a bumper comprises. Vehicle component (100) according to one of the preceding claims, which is installable in a body of a vehicle, wherein the vehicle component (100) in particular a bottom plate, a side sill, a roof frame, a vehicle pillar and / or a side frame.

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