DE102017105753A1 - Scharanordnung for a seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coulter arrangement (10) for a sowing machine, having a sowing coulter (16) for depositing seed, the coulter (16) being attached to a movable coulter suspension (14) and a fertilizer coulter (34) for depositing fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer share (34) is attached to a movable support arm (32). According to the invention, the movement of the coulter suspension (14) and the movement of the support arm (32) are coupled together by means of a length-variable coupling device (40).

Description

The invention relates to a coulter arrangement for a sowing machine according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a sowing machine according to the preamble of patent claim 11.

Generic coulter arrangements usually have a coulter for storing seed and a group of fertilizers for storing fertilizer. The coulter can be attached to a movable crowd suspension, the seed placement depth is adjustable by height adjustable support rollers of the coulter. The fertilizer share can be attached to a movable support arm, which allows the adjustment of the fertilizer placement depth.

In order to create optimum growth conditions for the seed stored, a suitable ratio of seed and fertilizer placement depths during the application process must be observed.

From the publication DE 10 2009 006 681 A1 a sowing machine is known, whose share arrangements each have a coulter suspended from a parallelogram linkage and a separately attached group of fertilizers. The coulter and the fertilizer crowd are connected by a chain and have a common coulter pressure adjustment.

Similar coulter arrangements in which the ratio of the seed placement depth and the fertilizer placement depth is adjustable are disclosed in the references EP 2 022 307 A1 and DE 10 2007 028 193 A1 known.

In addition, the document discloses DE 10 2013 111 357 B4 a coulter arrangement in which the coulter and the fertilizer coulter are suspended independently of each other and are guided over a common element in depth.

However, these and other known coulter arrangements have the disadvantage that the set depth ratio of coulter and fertilizer coulter can not be maintained with sufficient precision during the dispensing process, the setting of the depth ratio influences or limits the contact pressure of the coulter and / or fertilizer coulter or the mechanism used due to excessive manufacturing costs or is not sufficiently robust to mechanical stress.

The object underlying the invention is thus to improve the common storage of seeds and fertilizer.

The object is achieved by a coulter arrangement for a sowing machine of the type mentioned, wherein the movement of the coulter suspension and the movement of the support arm via a variable-length coupling device are coupled together.

The invention makes use of the finding that the seed coulter and the fertilizer coulter can be aligned relative to one another by means of a length-variable coupling device. The configuration of the blade assembly can thus be adapted to different soil conditions and storage requirements of the seed and the fertilizer, whereby the seed and fertilizer application is improved. In addition, because the movement of the coulter suspension and the movement of the support arm are coupled to each other via the variable length coupling device, the height difference and / or lateral spacing of the coulter and fertilizer coulter can be kept constant as the placement depth of the seed is adjusted. If, for example, a seed placement depth of 5 centimeters and a fertilizer placement depth of 10 centimeters are set, the seed placement depth is automatically adjusted to 7 centimeters to change the fertilizer placement depth to 12 centimeters. The invention thus provides the possibility to keep the adjustable ratio of the deposition depths of seed and fertilizer in a simple manner constant. The coulter arrangement according to the invention also allows the adaptation of the fertilizer coulter and the coulter to field contours, which may have, for example, curved surfaces.

The fertilizer share and the coulter are preferably arranged laterally offset from one another, so that the fertilizer is discharged laterally offset from the seed. The coulter is preferably part of a sowing unit, which is attached to the Säscharaufhängung. The coulter suspension allows the entire sowing unit attached to it to be deflected upwards. The seeder attached to the Säscharaufhängung can next to the coulter one or more support rollers for supporting the coulter arrangement relative to the ground, a creel for catching and pressing the delivered seed and / or one or more pinch rollers for covering the seed furrow with soil and for pressing the soil over cover the covered seed furrow.

In a preferred embodiment of the coulter arrangement according to the invention, the variable-length coupling device is fastened to the coulter suspension and to the support arm. The attachment of the variable-length coupling device on the coulter suspension and / or on the support arm, for example via reversible and nondestructive releasable fasteners, such as screws, bolts, pins or split pins. Preferably, the variable-length coupling device has an elongated basic shape, wherein a first end of the variable-length coupling device is fixed to the Säscharaufhängung and a second opposite end to the support arm.

The coulter arrangement according to the invention is further developed advantageously in that the variable-length coupling device comprises a spring element and / or a hydraulic cylinder. The spring element may comprise a coil spring or be designed as a helical spring. By the spring element, the variable-length coupling device can simultaneously act as overload protection for the fertilizer coulter. When using a hydraulic cylinder this is preferably fully extended when no overload condition exists. The overload protection allows a pivoting movement of the fertilizer coulter upwards, without the coulter or the coulter suspension being substantially deflected by this pivoting movement. In particular, upon contact of the fertilizer coulter with protruding stones damage to the coulter can thus be avoided. By the spring element of the variable-length coupling device, the fertilizer crowd is moved back to the original position after passing a protruding stone.

In another embodiment of the coulter arrangement according to the invention, the coupling properties of the variable-length coupling device are adjustable. The coupling characteristics of the variable-length coupling device may include, for example, the horizontal and / or vertical spacing of the coulter and the fertilizer coulter, and / or the compressive force exerted on the support arm of the fertilizer coulter. If the variable-length coupling device has a spring element, the suspension properties can also be adjustable. If the variable-length coupling device has a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic pressure can also be adjustable.

In a further preferred embodiment of the coulter arrangement according to the invention, the maximum length and / or the minimum length of the variable-length coupling device are adjustable. By adjusting the maximum length of the variable length coupling device, the spacing of the coulter and the fertilizer coulter is set. The adjustment of the maximum length of the variable length coupling device thus serves to adjust the ratio of the seed placement depth and the fertilizer placement depth. The optimal ratio of the seed placement depth and the fertilizer placement depth may be dependent on, for example, the seed, the fertilizer and / or the soil conditions. By setting the minimum length of the variable-length coupling device, the maximum shortening of the variable-length coupling device in an overload case, for example, in a collision of the fertilizer coulters with a fixed obstacle, can be set. The adjustment of the minimum length of the variable-length coupling device thus serves to adjust the characteristics of the overload protection.

The coulter arrangement according to the invention is further developed in that the point of articulation of the variable-length coupling device on the coulter suspension and / or on the support arm is variable. Preferably, the articulation point of the variable-length coupling device on the lower link of the coulter suspension is changeable. In particular, the coulter suspension has a mounting plate having a plurality of through holes, wherein the articulation point of the variable length coupling device can be changed on the Säscharhänghängung that a fastening element of the variable length coupling device, such as a split pin, a bolt or a pin, with the plurality of through holes of the mounting plate in Intervention can be brought. Thus, for example by means of a manual Umsteckens the fastener of the articulation point of the variable length coupling device can be changed to the coulter suspension. By changing the point of articulation of the variable length coupling device on the coulter suspension can thus be easily adjusted the placement depth of the fertilizer.

Also preferred is a coulter arrangement according to the invention, in which the variable-length coupling device causes a compressive force between the coulter suspension and the support arm, wherein the pressure force is preferably adjustable. The adjustment of the compressive force between the coulter suspension and the support arm is used to adjust the movement characteristics of the overload protection. The overload force can be done for example by means of a suitable tool or without tools. If the variable-length coupling device has a spring element, the pressure force adjustment can take place, for example, via a compression or extension of the spring element.

The adjustment of the pressure force between the coulter suspension and the support arm can serve in a further embodiment of the invention also the adjustment of the contact pressure, which exerts the fertilizer crowd on the ground. To this Way can be done a further adaptation of the crowd assembly to the soil condition.

In a particularly preferred development of the coulter arrangement according to the invention, the coulter suspension comprises a parallelogram linkage. Parallelogram linkage are particularly suitable for the suspension of coulters, as parallelogram linkage ensure a smooth running and have a low risk of damage under mechanical stress.

In a further preferred embodiment of the share assembly according to the invention, the parallelogram linkage comprises a top link and a lower link, wherein the coupling device is connected to the lower link. Preferably, the point of articulation of the variable-length coupling device is located on the half of the lower link of the parallelogram linkage facing away from the coulter.

Also preferred is a coulter arrangement according to the invention, in which the coulter suspension and the support arm are fastened to a common transverse bar. The transverse bar preferably extends transversely to the direction of travel of the crowd arrangement or of the sowing machine in which the crowd arrangement is integrated. By attaching the coulter and the support arm to a common crossbar final assembly is simplified, which ultimately reduces the cost of production. The crossbar may be configured to allow attachment of components on two opposite sides. Preferably, the transverse bar on opposite mounting portions, wherein the opposite fastening portions may be formed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a vertical and / or transverse to the direction mirror plane. On such a crossbeam components can be mounted both on the front and on the back. Thus, for example, track eradicators can be arranged in front of individual sowing units in order to loosen the soil compacted by the tractor tires before depositing the fertilizer and the seed. The crossbar may also be designed laterally telescopic. Due to the lateral telescoping capability, the overall working width of the seed drill can be influenced. Further, the crossbar may allow the displacement of the components attached to the crossbeam. By such displaceability, the adaptability of the corresponding seed drill is significantly increased.

The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a sowing machine of the type mentioned, wherein the one coulter arrangement or the plurality of coulter assemblies are each formed according to one of the embodiments described above. Preferably, a plurality of coulter assemblies are spaced apart from each other attached to a common crossbar which extends transversely to the direction of travel of the drill. With regard to further modifications and advantages of the sowing machine according to the invention, reference is made to the modifications and advantages of the coulter arrangement according to the invention.

• 1 mehrere an einem Querbalken befestigte erfindungsgemäße Scharanordnungen in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;
• 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Scharanordnung in einem ersten Zustand;
• 3 die Scharanordnung aus der 2 in einem zweiten Zustand;
• 4 die Scharanordnung aus der 2 und der 3 in einem dritten Zustand; und
• 5 eine Säscharaufhängung einer erfindungsgemäßen Scharanordnungen in einer perspektivischen Darstellung.

Further details of the invention can be taken from the description of the figures and the drawings. Show it

• 1 a plurality of Scharanordnungen invention attached to a crossbar in a perspective view;
• 2 an embodiment of the blade assembly according to the invention in a first state;
• 3 the Scharanordnung from the 2 in a second state;
• 4 the Scharanordnung from the 2 and the 3 in a third state; and
• 5 a Säscharaufhängung a Scharanordnungen invention in a perspective view.

The 1 shows four coulter arrangements 10 a seeder. The Scharanordnungen 10 are arranged along a row, which are transverse to the direction of travel F the seeder runs.

The Scharanordnungen 10 are each at a common crossbar 12 attached, which also transverse to the direction of travel F the seeder runs.

The Scharanordnungen 10 are each set up to place seed and fertilizer on a soil to be cultivated laterally offset from one another and in a suitable adjustable depth ratio.

The Scharanordnungen 10 For example, each corresponding to the in the 2 to 4 be formed Scharanordnung shown.

The 2 shows a crowd arrangement 10 for a seed drill with a movable coulter suspension 14 , where on the coulter suspension 14 a seeding unit is attached. Through the coulter suspension 14 the sowing unit attached thereto can be deflected upwards from the position shown.

The on the coulter suspension 14 attached sowing unit comprises a Grain separating device 44 , a coulter 16 , two carrying rollers 18 , a catch roll 20 and two pinch rollers 22a . 22b ,

The grain separating device 44 serves to separate the seed grains. The grain separating device 44 For example, you can work with a pressure difference. For example, the grain singulator operates 44 according to the principle of overpressure isolation or according to the principle of suction air separation.

The grain separating device 44 may have a singling drum, wherein the singling of the grains takes place depending on the machine and row width for 6 to 16 rows simultaneously via a singling drum. The singling drum has bores on which adjustable stripper units are arranged. The wiper units ensure a scattered delivery of the grains to the grain feeder 46 which the isolated grains of the coulter 16 for storage on the floor B supplies. The use of singling drums leads to a compact design of a seeder.

Alternatively, the Kornunterzelungseinrichtung 44 have a separating disc and a scraper. The grains are transported to Noppenbohrungen the separating disc and fed to the scraper. The stud holes may protrude beyond the disk surface and thus move the seed stock in motion. The stud holes can be conical, so that blockage by Bruchkornanteile is avoided. The use of separating discs leads to a higher adaptability of the seed drill due to the individual drive per row. To control the operation of the grain separation device 44 a large viewing window and / or an opto-transmitter positioned in the housing can be used.

The coulter 16 may have cutting discs and be formed for example as a double-disc coulter. The two discs of the coulter 16 can be V-shaped to each other, so that the soil surface cut through and plant remains are cleared to the side. The coulter 16 may also have a furrow former which clears a furrow and presses it down in the subfloor. The desired seed placement depth can be adjusted by adjusting the carrying rollers 18 set individually. The setting can be independent of the setting of the carrying rollers 18 be done from laterally adjacent sowing units, so that also individual coulters, for example, in a tractor track, set lower.

The two carrying roles 18 support the entire crowd formation 10 opposite the ground B from. The carrying roles 18 each have a wide footprint on which a good contact with the ground and a smooth running are guaranteed. At the tread of the idlers 18 scraper elements can be arranged, which in sticky soil conditions for the cleanliness and thus for an unrestricted functioning of the support rollers 18 to care.

The catch roll 20 is located immediately behind the furrow former. The catch roll 20 catches the seeds and presses them in the seed furrow. This includes the Fangrolle 20 below and on the side walls form-fitting with the seed furrow, so that the grains do not roll even in unfavorable soil conditions, but are reliably collected and pressed. Since the catch roller is located directly behind the furrow former, the filing quality remains constant even with increasing travel speed.

The pinch rollers 22a . 22b cover the seed furrow with soil and press it over the covered furrow. The pressure angle, the opening angle and / or the opening width of the pressure rollers 22a . 22b can be adjustable to adjust the pressure properties to different soil conditions. Alternatively, it is also possible to use fulling tires, which are particularly suitable, for example, for maize seed.

The catch roll 20 and the pinch rollers 22a . 22b are on a stringers 24 attached. The coulter suspension 14 includes a parallelogram linkage, wherein the parallelogram linkage is a top link 26 and a lower link 28. The top link 26 and the lower link 28 are on a first side on the hinge plate 30a and on a second side on a hinge plate 30b hinged. The coulter suspension 14 is over the pivot plate 30a on a transom 12 attached, which is transverse to the direction of travel F the seeder runs.

The crowd formation 10 also has a fertilizer group 34 for storing fertilizer on, with the fertilizer crowd 34 on a movable support arm 32 is attached. The support arm 32 is over the web element 36 on the transom 12 attached. The fertilizer group 34 is designed as a single-disc fertilizer crowd. Alternatively, the fertilizer group 34 be designed as a double disc coulter.

The movement of the coulter suspension 14 and the movement of the support arm 32 are about a variable length coupling device 40 coupled together. Through the coupling, the movement of the coulter suspension 14 affects the movement of the support arm 32 , The variable-length coupling device 40 is about one intermediate element 38 on the lower link 28 the trained as a parallelogram linkage coulter 14 and on the support arm 32 attached.

The variable-length coupling device 40 includes a spring element 42 which is designed as a helical spring. By the spring element 42 an overload protection is implemented, which is a pivoting movement of the support arm 32 and thus also of the fertilizer cohort 34 allowed upwards before the spring force of the spring element 42 a movement of the support arm 32 and the fertilizer cohort 34 caused back to the starting position. The coupling properties of the variable-length coupling device 40 , such as the maximum length and / or the minimum length of the variable-length coupling device 40 and the spring characteristics of the spring element 42 , are adjustable.

The variable-length coupling device 40 causes a compressive force between the coulter suspension 14 and the support arm 32 , wherein the pressure force is adjustable. The adjustment of the pressure force is used to set the movement characteristics of the overload protection. The adjustment of the movement characteristics of the overload protection can also by selecting a spring element with a suitable spring rate and by adjusting the minimum length of the variable-length coupling device 40 respectively. Due to the variable length coupling device 40 can the coulter 16 and the fertilizer population 34 be aligned relative to each other.

In the in the 2 illustrated state of the crowd arrangement 10 is the variable-length coupling device 40 adjusted so that the fertilizer placement depth is a few centimeters, for example 5 centimeters, below the seed placement depth. Due to the laterally offset arrangement of the fertilizer coulter 34 and the coulter 16 In addition, the fertilizer is discharged laterally offset from the seed.

In the in the 3 illustrated state of the crowd arrangement 10 is the variable-length coupling device 40 shortened to a minimum length This condition can be caused by the impact of the fertilizer coulter 34 on one in the ground B be caused stone. By the Längenveränderlichkeit the coupling device 40 can the support arm 32 including the fertilizer group 34 be swiveled upwards. After passing through the stone, the spring force of the spring element ensures 42 for that the support arm 32 and the fertilizer population 34 be moved back to the set position so that the fertilizer is returned to the set placement depth.

In the in the 4 illustrated state of the crowd arrangement 10 has the variable-length coupling device 40 a maximum length. The spring element 42 is no longer in the state shown on the spring stop, so that the spring element 42 is not tense and no pressure of the fertilizer coulter 34 on the ground B generated. The illustrated state, for example, by the impact of the coulter 16 on an an obstacle, such as one in the ground B located stone, are caused. The fertilizer group has 34 the stone already happened. The following sowing unit is driven by the coulter on the stone 16 deflected upward, whereas the fertilizer crowd 34 is not significantly deflected.

The in 4 shown state can be set as an alternative to maintenance or repair work, so that of the spring element 42 outgoing injury risk is reduced.

The 5 shows a coulter suspension 14 , From the illustration it can be seen that the top link 26 and the lower link 28 of the parallelogram linkage via a connecting element 48 coupled together. The connecting element 48 includes a hydraulic cylinder.

The point of articulation of the variable-length coupling device 40 on the lower link 28 is over a mounting plate 50 changeable, wherein the variable-length coupling device 40 a hydraulic cylinder 56 includes. The mounting plate 50 has several through holes 52 on, wherein the articulation point of the variable-length coupling device 40 on the mounting plate 50 can be changed by a trained as a bolt fastener 54 the variable-length coupling device 40 with the several through holes 52 the mounting plate 50 can be brought into engagement. As a result, by means of a manual Umsteckens the fastener 54 the point of articulation of the variable-length coupling device 40 to be changed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

share assembly

12

crossbeam

14

Säscharaufhängung

16

coulter

18

supporting role

20

Fang role

22a, 22b

pressure rollers

24

stringers

26

top link

28

lower link

30a, 30b

pivot plates

32

Beam

34

fertilizer coulter

36

web element

38

intermediate element

40

coupling device

42

Federelement44

44

Grain separating device

46

grain feed

48

connecting member

50

mounting plate

52

Through holes

54

fastener

56

hydraulic cylinders

F

direction of travel

B

ground

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009006681 A1 [0004]
• EP 2022307 A1 [0005]
• DE 102007028193 A1 [0005]
• DE 102013111357 B4 [0006]

Claims (11)

A coulter assembly (10) for a seed drill comprising: - a seed coulter (16) for depositing seed, the coulter (16) being attached to a movable coulter suspension (14); and - a fertilizer coulter (34) for depositing fertilizer, the fertilizer coulter (34) being attached to a movable support arm (32); characterized in that the movement of the Säscharaufhängung (14) and the movement of the support arm (32) via a length-variable coupling means (40) coupled together. Scharanordnung (10) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the variable-length coupling device (40) on the Säscharaufhängung (14) and on the support arm (32) is attached. Scharanordnung (10) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the variable-length coupling device (40) comprises a spring element (42) and / or a hydraulic cylinder (56). A blade assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling properties of the variable-length coupling device (40) are adjustable. Scharanordnung (10) after Claim 4 , characterized in that the maximum length and / or the minimum length of the variable-length coupling device (40) is adjustable. Scharanordnung (10) after Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the articulation point of the variable-length coupling device (40) on the coulter suspension (14) and / or on the support arm (32) is variable. Scharanordnung (10) according to one of Claims 4 to 6 , characterized in that the variable-length coupling device (40) causes a compressive force between the coulter suspension (14) and the support arm (32), wherein the compressive force is preferably adjustable. A blade assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coulter suspension (14) comprises a parallelogram linkage. Scharanordnung (10) after Claim 8 , characterized in that the parallelogram linkage comprises a top link (26) and a lower link (28), wherein the variable-length coupling device (40) is connected to the lower link (28). A blade assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coulter suspension (14) and the support arm (32) on a common crossbar (12) are attached. A seed drill, comprising - one or more share arrangements (10), characterized in that the one or more share arrangements (10) are each designed according to one of the preceding claims.

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