DE102017100120A1 - Disc pack and multi-plate clutch or multi-disc brake - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a disc pack (16, 18) for a multi-plate clutch or a multi-disc brake described. The disk set comprises at least one inner disk (28) rotatably coupled to an inner disk carrier, at least one outer disk (26) rotatably coupled to an outer disk carrier and a first axially outer-side amplifier ring (22). In this case, the inner disk (28) lies along a disk pack axis (46) between the first amplifier ring (22) and the outer disk (26) and the amplifier ring (22) is connected to the outer disk (26) via one or more lugs (40) protruding axially therefrom ) drehkoppelbar. In addition, a multi-disc clutch or multi-disc brake with such a disc pack (16, 18) or more, axially juxtaposed such disc packs (16, 18) presented.

Description

The invention relates to a disk set for a multi-plate clutch or a multi-disc brake.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a multi-plate clutch or multi-disc brake.

Disc packs, multi-disc clutches and multi-disc brakes are widely used in the prior art. They are used when rotating parts are to be connected with one another torque-transmitting or separated from one another without torque. The torque transmission takes place frictionally.

One usually speaks of a coupling when both parts to be joined are rotatable. A brake is usually the speech when one of the parts is rotatable and the other stationary.

Multi-disc clutches and disc brakes with disc packs are used in particular in the field of automated switchable vehicle transmissions. Here you take advantage of the fact that such clutches and brakes can transmit or hold large torques relative to the claimed space.

In this course, multi-disc clutches and disc brakes are used with disc packs in so-called dual-clutch transmissions of vehicles.

When disk packs and the associated multi-plate clutches and disc brakes, one always strives to the switching force, so the force that is necessary to convert such an element from an open state to a closed state or vice versa, is as low as possible. At the same time, the multi-plate clutch should transmit the highest possible torque and the multi-disc brake can maintain the highest possible torque.

In addition, the torque-related separation when opening the multi-plate clutch or the multi-disc brake should be as complete as possible. So-called drag torques, which are transmitted despite such an open position, are generally undesirable.

The object of the invention is to further improve such disk packs and associated multi-plate clutches and disc brakes. In particular, a disk set is to be created in which a transferability of high torques is combined with a low switching force. Furthermore, the disk pack should reduce drag moments as much as possible.

The object is achieved by a plate pack of the type mentioned above, with at least one rotatable with an inner disc carrier inner plate, at least one drehkoppelbaren with an outer disc outer plate and a first axially outer side amplifier ring, wherein the inner plate along a plate packet axis between the first amplifier ring and the outer plate and the amplifier ring is rotatably coupled via one or more axially projecting from this tabs with the outer disk. The amplifier ring preferably comprises two tabs. Furthermore, the amplifier ring can have an outer edge which is bent over in the direction of the disk pack axis and at least partially covers the inner disk on the outer circumference. By means of the tabs of the amplifier ring, the rotary coupling of the amplifier ring with the outer plate takes place radially over the inner plate. In other words, the inner plate between the amplifier ring and the outer plate is clamped. Thus, high torques can be transmitted, with only a small switching power is needed.

Preferably, a second inner disk and a second axially outer-side amplifier ring are arranged on the first amplifier ring opposite side of the outer disk, wherein the second amplifier ring is rotatably coupled via one or more axially projecting from this tabs with the outer disk. The disk pack thus includes the following structure along the disk pack axis: Amplifier ring, inner disk, outer disk, inner disk, amplifier ring. The amplifier rings are both rotatably coupled to the outer disk, but starting from opposite axial sides. This results in four friction surfaces. Two between one of the amplifier rings and the adjacent inner plate and two between the outer plate and the two inner plates. Thus, particularly high torques can be transmitted. In addition, the disk set is bounded axially on the outside by the two amplifier rings. It thus forms a self-contained unit that can be mounted easily and with little effort, for example in a multi-plate clutch or a multi-disc brake. The friction surfaces are protected by the amplifier rings.

In this case, advantageously, the first amplifier ring and the second amplifier ring are identical, wherein the amplifier rings are preferably made of steel. It is such an efficient production of the amplifier rings possible. They are preferably designed as metal sheet or stamped sheet metal parts. The steel material gives them sufficient stability to absorb the loads in the disk pack well.

Preferably, the tab or protruding tabs projecting from the second amplifier ring can be coupled with the outer lamella alternately alternately with the lug or lugs projecting from the first amplifier ring, wherein the lugs are preferably arranged uniformly on the circumference. In the event that each of the amplifier rings comprises two tabs, which are arranged radially offset on the associated amplifier ring, ie offset by 180 °, there is an angular distance between the tabs of the two amplifier rings of 90 °. More or fewer tabs are also conceivable. The staggered arrangement makes the disk pack very compact. The uniform distribution requires the setting of uniform friction conditions in the disk set, so that the torque transmission takes place reliably.

According to one embodiment, amplifier ring axial grooves are arranged alternately on the first and / or second amplifier ring alternately with the tab or the tabs, wherein the amplifier annular axial grooves of the first amplifier ring preferably oppose the tabs of the second amplifier ring and whose groove width is in particular greater than a maximum width of the opposing tabs, as well as Amplifier ring axial grooves of the second amplifier ring preferably opposite the tabs of the first amplifier ring and whose groove width is in particular greater than a maximum width of the opposite tabs, in particular wherein the tabs engage in the closed state of the coupling in the associated Verstärkerringaxialnuten. In this case, the amplifier ring axial grooves are preferably made so wide that the lugs of the respective other amplifier ring indeed engage in the amplifier ring axial grooves, but no direct rotational coupling takes place between the two amplifier rings. The rotary coupling takes place exclusively via the outer plate. It is thus achieved a particularly compact design of the disk set in the axial direction. In particular, in the closed state of the disk set, the tabs of an amplifier ring dive into the amplifier ring axial grooves of the other amplifier ring. In an open state, the tabs can be pulled axially wholly or partially from the Verstärkerringaxialnuten.

In a variant, it is provided that the first amplifier ring and / or the second amplifier ring is rotatably coupled in a first rotational direction via a circumferentially oriented first side surface of the tab with the outer disk, wherein the first side surface extends at an acute angle relative to the disk pack axis so that the tab tapers axially in the direction of the amplifier ring. If the outer disk and the first amplifier ring are rotationally coupled, then the outer disk on the first side surface can slide relative to the first amplifier ring. Due to the acute angle, this sliding takes place axially in the direction of the first amplifier ring. Thus, the force with which the inner disk between the first amplifier ring and the outer disk is clamped increases. The greater the relative rotation between the first amplifier ring and the outer plate, the greater the sliding of the outer plate in the axial direction. The same applies to the second amplifier ring. It is brought about as a Axialkraftverstärkung. The size of the peak angle can be used to set the degree of axial force amplification. Consequently, a relatively low switching force is sufficient to transmit very large torques by means of the disk set.

The first side surface of the tab may then cooperate with a circumferentially oriented first side surface of an outer disk axis groove disposed on the outer disk. It is thus provided a specifically prepared contact surface for cooperation with the side surface of the tab. Thus, the above-described self-reinforcing effect is promoted in that it runs low-resistance or resistance-free. The ratio between the switching force to be applied and the transmittable torque is thus particularly advantageous.

Preferably, the first side surface of the outer disc axial groove is oriented substantially parallel to the first side surface of the tab. Thus, there is surface contact between the first side surface of the outer disc axial groove and the first side surface of the tab. In comparison to a line contact or other types of contact, the surface contact promotes a controlled and predetermined slipping of the outer plate relative to the amplifier ring. At the same time, so little wear occurs. The disc pack thus works reliably and has a long service life.

An embodiment provides that the first amplifier ring and / or the second amplifier ring is rotatably coupled via a circumferentially oriented, the first side surface opposite the second side surface of the tab with the outer disk in a first rotational direction opposite, second rotational direction drehdrehig, the second Side surface extends relative to the disk pack axis at an acute angle, so that the tab tapers axially in the direction of the amplifier ring. The disk pack can thus transmit torques in two directions. It turns the already explained Axialkraftverstärkung a, is referred to the benefits. The acute angle of the second side surface can be chosen freely. If it differs from the acute angle of the first side surface, then the two directions of rotation are established different torque transmission behavior of the disk pack a. If the torque transmission behavior should be the same in both directions of rotation, preferably the acute angle of the first side surface and the acute angle of the second side surface are selected to be the same.

Advantageously, the second side surface of the tab cooperates with a circumferentially oriented second side surface, opposite the first side surface, of the outer lamella axial groove disposed on the outer lamella. There are the same effects and advantages already explained with respect to the first side surface of the outer disk axial groove.

Preferably, the second side surface of the outer disc axial groove is oriented substantially parallel to the second side surface of the tab. The effects and advantages correspond to those already shown for the first side surface of the outer disk axial groove.

In a further development, the outer disk comprises an external toothing and is rotatably coupled by means of the external toothing with the outer disk carrier. Such a coupling has proven itself and is suitable for reliably transmitting high torques. In addition, external teeth can be produced using standard production methods.

In a design variant, the inner disk comprises an internal toothing and is rotatably coupled by means of the internal toothing with the inner disk carrier. The advantages explained with regard to the external toothing of the outer disk are analogous here.

Preferably, the plate pack comprises one or more ventilation springs, wherein the ventilation spring or the ventilation springs is or are arranged between the first amplifier ring and the outer plate and / or between the second amplifier ring and the outer plate. By means of the ventilation springs, the disk pack is biased in an open state. This avoids or prevents the occurrence of drag torque. The ventilation springs are preferably annular, wherein they are corrugated on the circumference. In addition, they preferably extend radially outside the inner disks. It is achieved in such a way that the elements of the disk pack are separated from each other particularly reliably. Thus, drag moments are particularly well prevented.

In addition, the object is achieved by a multi-disc clutch or a multi-disc brake with a disc pack according to the invention or a plurality of axially arranged side by side disc packs according to the invention. In this case, the multi-plate clutch or the multi-disc brake may comprise an actuator or actuator body, the disk set or the disk sets in the direction of the disk pack axis against an axial stop, z. B. presses a thrust washer. Such a multi-plate clutch or multi-disc brake has an advantageous ratio between a switching or actuating force and a transmissible or durable torque. This torque can also be adjusted by the number of disk packs used.

• - 1 einen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenkupplung oder Lamellenbremse mit zwei erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpaketen,
• - 2 eine Detailansicht der zwei erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpakete aus 1,
• - 3 eine weitere Detailansicht der zwei erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpakete aus den 1 und 2,
• -4 die zwei erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpakete aus den 1 bis 3 in einer Explosionsdarstellung,
• - 5 die zwei erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpakete aus 4 in einer montierten Stellung,
• - 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Außenlamelle eines erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpakets und
• - 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Verstärkerrings eines erfindungsgemäßen Lamellenpakets.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• - 1 a detail of a multi-plate clutch or multi-disc brake according to the invention with two disc packs according to the invention,
• - 2 a detailed view of the two disc packs of the invention 1 .
• - 3 a further detailed view of the two disc packs according to the invention from the 1 and 2 .
• - 4 the two disc packs of the invention from the 1 to 3 in an exploded view,
• - 5 the two disc packs of the invention 4 in an assembled position,
• - 6 a perspective view of an outer plate of a plate pack according to the invention and
• - 7 a perspective view of an amplifier ring of a plate pack according to the invention.

1 shows a multi-plate clutch 10 , by means of a first rotatable element 12 , which is for example an inner disk carrier, with a second rotatable element 14 , which is, for example, an outer disk carrier, connected torque-conducting or substantially torque-free can be separated from this.

The following is always the multi-plate clutch 10 spoken, although the described arrangement can also act as a multi-disc brake when one of the rotatable elements 12 . 14 is fixed.

The multi-plate clutch 10 includes two disc packs 16 . 18 , which by means of an actuator not shown against a thrust washer 20 can be pressed to the first rotatable element 12 with the second rotatable element 14 connect torque-conducting. Whether it's the first rotatable element 12 a drive-side element and the second rotatable element 14 an output side is or vice versa, is irrelevant.

Each of the disk packs 16 . 18 includes a first axially outboard amplifier ring 22 , a second axially outside amplifier ring 24 , an outer lamella 26 as well as a first inner lamella 28 and a second inner plate 30. The two amplifier rings 22 . 24 are each on opposite axial sides of the associated disk set 16 . 18 ,

Here is the outer lamella 26 via an external toothing 32 non-rotatable with the rotatable element 14 connected and the inner plates 28 . 30 via an respectively assigned internal toothing 34 . 36 non-rotatable with the rotatable element 12 (see for example 2 ).

Between the first amplifier ring 22 and the outer lamella 26 and between the second amplifier ring 24 and the outer lamella 26 is each a ventilation spring 38 arranged, which the lamella packages 16 . 18 and thus the entire multi-plate clutch 10 in an open position. The open position can also be referred to as a ventilation position.

At the first amplifier ring 22 are in the illustrated embodiment, two axially from the amplifier ring 22 protruding tabs 40 (please refer 3 ) arranged diametrically opposite. About these tabs 40 is the first amplifier ring 22 with the outer plate 26 drehkoppelbar.

This includes the tab 40 (please refer 5 ) a circumferentially oriented first side surface 42 and one of the first side surface 42 opposite second side surface 44 , which is also oriented in the circumferential direction.

The first side surface 42 and the second side surface 44 run thereby relative to a disk pack axis 46 with a sharp angle. This is arranged so that the tab 40 along the disk pack axis 46 in the direction of the first amplifier ring 22 rejuvenated.

The first side surface 42 and the second side surface 44 act with a respective associated first side surface 48 or second side surface 50 an outer disc axial groove 52 together.

In the illustrated embodiment, each of the outer blades comprises 26 four outer disc axial grooves 52 ,

The first side surface 48 the outer disc axial groove 52 is essentially parallel to the first side surface 42 the tab 40 ,

The second side surface 50 the outer disc axial groove 52 is substantially parallel to the second side surface 44 the tab 40 ,

The same applies to two on the second amplifier ring 24 arranged tabs 54 , These are axially from the second amplifier ring 24 and are diametrically opposed.

Each of the tabs 54 includes a first side surface 56 and a second side surface 58 , The side surfaces 56 . 58 are oriented in the circumferential direction and opposite to each other.

Also the side surfaces 56 . 58 cooperate with one of the outer lobe axial grooves 52, whereby the second amplifier ring 24 with the outer lamella 26 drehkoppelbar is.

The first side surface acts here 56 with the first side surface 48 the outer disc axial groove 52 together and the second side surface 58 with the second side surface 50 the outer disc axial groove 52 ,

Just like the tab 40 are the side surfaces 56 . 58 the tab 54 at an acute angle relative to the disk pack axis 46 arranged.

In addition, the side surface 56 and the side surface 48 essentially parallel. The same applies to the side surface 58 and the side surface 50.

The two amplifier rings 22 . 24 are identical in construction and made of a steel material in the illustrated embodiment.

In other embodiments, not shown, the number of tabs 40 . 54 also be bigger. So it's at each of the amplifier rings 22 , 24 three, four, five or more tabs 40 . 54 arranged.

In the disk pack 16 . 18 are the two amplifier rings 22 . 24 arranged such that the tabs 40 . 54 circumferentially alternating with the outer plate 26 are coupled.

The circumferential arrangement is uniform. This means in the present embodiment that the rotational coupling of the first amplifier ring 22 by means of the tabs 40 offset by 90 ° to the rotary coupling of the second amplifier ring 24 over the tabs 54 is.

In the first amplifier ring 22 are next to the tabs 40 also two amplifier ring axial grooves 60 arranged (see 4 ).

The two amplifier ring axial grooves 60 are on the amplifier ring 22 alternating with the tabs 40 arranged.

In addition, the arrangement is uniform on the circumference, so that the tabs 40 and the amplifier ring axial grooves 60 alternate at the circumference with a 90 ° distance.

At the second amplifier ring 24 , the first amplifier ring 22 is identical, are amplifier ring axial grooves in the same way 62 arranged.

In a mounted state of the disk packs 16 . 18 lie the amplifier ring axial grooves 62 the tabs 40 axially opposite.

The width of the amplifier ring axial grooves 62 is greater than the maximum width of the tabs 40 ,

The same applies to the tabs 54 which axially grooved the amplifier ring when mounted 60 opposite to each other, the width of the booster ring having axial grooves 60 greater than the maximum width of the tabs 54 is.

Depending on the switching state of the disk packs 16 . 18 can the tabs 40 into the amplifier ring axial grooves 62 dip and / or the tabs 54 into the amplifier ring axial grooves 60 ,

The multi-plate clutch 10 works as follows.

Starting from the in 1 illustrated ventilation or open position, in which the outer plates 26 the two disk packs 16 . 18 by means of the ventilation springs 38 opposite the respective first amplifier ring 22 and the respective second amplifier ring 24 are axially displaced so that between the first amplifier ring 22 , the second amplifier ring 24 , the outer lamella 26 and the inner fins 28 . 30 essentially no frictional contact, now becomes the multi-plate clutch 10 actuated by means of an actuator, not shown.

These are the disk packs 16 . 18 along the disk pack axis 46 against the thrust washer 20 pressed. This must overcome the spring force of the ventilation springs 38 respectively.

The inner disks 28 . 30 , the outer plates 26 as well as the first amplifier rings 22 and the second amplifier rings 24 So be in the direction of the plant disk 20 postponed.

The tabs 40 . 54 the first amplifier rings 22 and the second amplifier rings 24 lie in each associated Außenlamellenaxialnuten 52 ,

A defined layout of the side surfaces 42 . 44 . 56 . 58 the tabs 40 . 54 at one of the respective associated side surfaces 48 . 50 the Außenlamellenaxialnut 52 does not exist. However, the amplifier rings 22 . 24 over the tabs 40 . 54 with the outer lamella 26 rotationally coupled.

Therefore, the outer fin 26 the amplifier rings 22 . 24 take in a rotary motion. This can lead to a substantially undefined system of one or more of the side surfaces 42 . 44 . 56 . 58 the tabs 40 . 54 on one of the side surfaces 48 . 50 the outer disc axial groove 52 come.

In the further course of the operation forms in each of the disk sets 16, 18 between the first amplifier ring 22 , the first inner lamella 28 as well as between the first inner lamella 28 and the outer lamella 26 a frictional contact.

Furthermore, it forms between the second amplifier ring 24 and the second inner plate 30 as well as between the second inner disc 30 and the outer lamella 26 one frictional contact each.

These friction contacts cause, depending on the direction of rotation of the element 12 opposite the element 14 either the first side surfaces 42 . 56 or the second side surfaces 44 . 58 the tabs 40 respectively. 54 on the first side surface 58 or the second side surface 50 the outer disc axial groove 52 issue.

For this system to come about, there must be a minimum rotational relative movement between the outer plate 26 and the associated amplifier rings 22 . 24 to adjust. Such a relative movement arises during the actuation process of the multi-plate clutch 10 by the existing differential speed between input and output and the friction torque when closing the disk set or the effective friction torque / holding torque in the closed state.

Due to the acute angle with which the side surfaces 42 . 44 . 56 . 58 . 48 , 50 are oriented, and the aforementioned rotational relative movement between the outer disk 26 and the amplifier rings 22 . 24 slide depending on the direction of rotation, the first side surfaces 42 . 56 or the second side surfaces 44 , 58 of the tabs 40 . 54 on the first side surface 58 or the second side surface 50 the outer disc axial groove 52 from.

This slippage also has an axial component of motion that causes the amplifier rings 22 . 24 the assigned outer plate 26 approach.

It thus becomes the axial actuation force of the disk packs 16 . 18 subjected to a self-reinforcing effect. This means that by sliding the side surfaces, the frictional force in said friction contacts increases and thus the transmittable torque is increased.

Claims (15)

Disc pack (16, 18) for a multi-disc clutch (10) or a multi-disc brake, with at least one rotatable with an inner disc carrier inner plate (28), at least one externally rotatable with an outer disc carrier outer plate (26) and a first axially outer side amplifier ring (22), wherein the Inner plate (28) along a disc pack axis (46) between the first amplifier ring (22) and the outer plate (26) and the amplifier ring (22) via one or more axially projecting from this tabs (40) with the outer plate (26) is drehkoppelbar , Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 1 , characterized in that on the first amplifier ring (22) opposite side of the outer plate (26), a second inner plate (30) and a second axially outer side amplifier ring (24) are arranged, wherein the second amplifier ring (24) via one or more axially from this protruding tabs (54) with the outer plate (26) is drehkoppelbar. Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 2 , characterized in that the first amplifier ring (22) and the second amplifier ring (24) are identical in construction, wherein the amplifier rings (22, 24) are preferably made of steel. Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 2 or 3 Characterized in that the second amplifier ring (24) protruding tab (54) and extending tabs (54) circumferentially alternating with the and the from the first amplifier ring (22) protruding tab (40) or tabs (40) with the Outer plate (26) are coupled, preferably wherein the tabs (40, 54) are arranged uniformly on the circumference. Disc pack (16, 18) according to one of Claims 2 to 4 characterized in that amplifier ring axial grooves (60,62) are disposed on the first and / or second amplifier ring (22,24) in alternation with the tab (40,54) or lugs (40,54), the amplifier ring axial grooves (60) of the first amplifier rings (22) are preferably opposite the tabs (54) of the second amplifier ring (24) and whose groove width is in particular greater than a maximum width of the opposite tabs (54), and the Verstärkerringaxialnuten (62) of the second amplifier ring (24) preferably the tabs ( 40) of the first amplifier ring (22) and whose groove width is in particular greater than a maximum width of the opposite tabs (40), in particular wherein the tabs (40, 54) in the closed state of the multi-disc clutch (10) or multi-disc brake in the associated Verstärkerringaxialnuten (60 , 62) intervene. Disc pack (16, 18) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the first amplifier ring (22) and / or the second amplifier ring (24) via a circumferentially oriented first side surface (42, 56) of the tab (40, 54) with the outer plate (26) rotatably coupled in a first rotational direction is, wherein the first side surface (42, 56) extends at an acute angle relative to the disk pack axis (46), so that the tab (40, 54) tapers axially in the direction of the amplifier ring (22, 24). Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 6 characterized in that the first side surface (42, 56) of the tab (40, 54) cooperates with a circumferentially oriented first side surface (48) of an outer disk axis groove (52) disposed on the outer disk (26). Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 6 and 7 characterized in that the first side surface (48) of the outer disc axial groove (52) is oriented substantially parallel to the first side surface (42, 56) of the tab (40, 54). Disc pack (16, 18) according to one of Claims 6 to 8th , characterized in that the first amplifier ring (22) and / or the second amplifier ring (24) via a circumferentially oriented, the first side surface (42, 56) opposite the second side surface (44, 58) of the tab (40, 54) the outer disk (26) is / are rotatably coupled in a second direction of rotation opposite the first direction of rotation, wherein the second side surface (44, 58) extends at an acute angle relative to the disk pack axis (46), so that the tab (40, 54) axially tapered in the direction of the amplifier ring (22, 24). Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 9 characterized in that the second side surface (44, 58) of the tab (40, 54) is circumferentially oriented with a second side surface (50) opposite the first side surface (48) of the outer disk axis (52) disposed on the outer disk (26) ) cooperates. Disc pack (16, 18) after Claim 9 and 10 characterized in that the second side surface (50) of the outer disk axial groove (52) is oriented substantially parallel to the second side surface (44, 58) of the tab (40, 54). Disc pack (16, 18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer disc (26) comprises an outer toothing (32) and by means of the outer toothing (32) is rotatably coupled to the outer disc carrier. Plate pack (16, 18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner plate (28, 30) an internal toothing (34, 36) and by means of the internal toothing (34, 36) is drehkoppelbar with the inner disk carrier. Disc pack (16, 18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises one or more ventilation springs (38), wherein the ventilation spring (38) or the ventilation springs (38) between the first amplifier ring (22) and the outer disc ( 26) and / or between the second amplifier ring (24) and the outer plate (26) is or are arranged. Multi-disc clutch (10) or multi-disc brake with a disc pack (16, 18) or a plurality of axially juxtaposed disc packs (16, 18) according to one of the preceding claims.

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