DE102017009074A1 - Speed controller of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Described is a speed controller for a particular stationary internal combustion engine with an adjustable Angleichvorrichtung having speed-dependent driven centrifugal weights, which move a sleeve axially, which moves a control lever mounted on an axis, which acts on the control rod of an injection pump against the force of at least one spring and a spring-loaded clamping lever which is mounted on an axle, characterized in that the control lever is in operative connection with the clamping lever by means of a Angleichfederkapsel.

Description

The invention relates to a mechanical speed controller of an internal combustion engine.

In diesel-powered generators, especially in three-phase generators, the power frequency must be kept constant within certain limits for technical reasons, the frequency fluctuation must not exceed a certain limit. Here, a mechanical speed controller has the task of each change in load to have as small a speed change, without getting into vibration.

When exceeding the rated speed of the internal combustion engine or sudden load shedding, the controller has the task of reducing the amount of fuel delivered by the injection pump to that which is necessary for the idling of the internal combustion engine. In this case, the controller sets the speed for the high idle, with more or less large degree of uniformity, and pushes the control rod of the injection pump so that it adjusts the required injection quantity.

The degree of non-uniformity (Ufg) of the controller - the permanent static speed change as a function of the load - and its settling time depend u. a. from the manufacturing tolerances of the controller components. Due to the permissible manufacturing and construction tolerances also results for the Ufg a tolerance range, so it may happen that the same internal combustion engines are equipped with the same controller and yet have different degrees of nonuniformity. This difference Ufg may be particularly disadvantageous in parallel three-phase power units, since a uniform load distribution to all units is only achieved if the Ungleichförmigkeitsgrade the individual controller are the same. If this is not the case, then the same load distribution is only in one load point, z. B. at full load, or after a parallel shift of one of the two controller characteristics by other speed setting to an intersection with the other controller characteristic possible.

Furthermore, a change in the controller characteristic when using the same internal combustion engines depending on the type of application, for. As in vehicle drive, construction machinery or marine propulsion, required to adjust the controller to the desired torque curve so that so that the required control curve can be driven.

A mechanical centrifugal governor with Ufg adjustment is out of the US-PS 26 45 474 known. The feet of the centrifugal weights adjust the regulator sleeve, whereby the centrifugal force is in equilibrium with the force of a regulating spring. The movement of the sleeve is transmitted by a control lever to the control rod of the injection pump. The control spring engages on the one hand on the control lever and is fastened on the other side to a socket which is mounted on a pin. The sleeve can be screwed into the spring coil and shortens the effective number of turns, whereby the spring stiffness changes and therefore the Ufg can be adjusted. The pin protrudes with one end out of the regulator housing and is rotatably mounted by means of lever mechanism to change the preload force if necessary. The Abregelbeginn should be changed by changing the spring preload and the Abregelkennlinie is then determined by the changed spring stiffness.

This solution is complicated in structure and causes unnecessary stress on the spring. In addition, the change in the stiffness of the spring by the construction of the control mechanism is effective only up to a certain limit.

The invention has the object of developing a speed controller according to the preamble of claim 1 such that in a simple way the Ufg of the controller can be fine tuned.

This object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1.

Further advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims.

• 1 die Pumpe samt Regler
• 2 den variablen Korrektor (Varko)
• 3 den Varko in der maximalen Position
• 4 den Varko in der minimalen Position

For further explanation of the invention reference is made to the drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form. Show it:

• 1 the pump with regulator
• 2 the variable corrector (Varko)
• 3 the Varko in the maximum position
• 4 the Varko in the minimum position

According to Hooke's law, the spring force F of a spring is proportional to the deflection Δ L. The proportionality factor D is called the spring constant. So the relationship applies $$\text{F}=\text{D *}\mathrm{\Delta }\text{L}\text{,}$$

Instead of the letter D, k or c is also used for the spring constant.

The spring constant depends on both the material and shape of the spring and the direction of loading. So it is z. B. for a rod of Length L 0 with the cross-sectional area A at a tensile or compressive force F in the longitudinal direction of the rod: $$\text{D}=\text{E * A / L0}\text{,}$$

E denotes the elastic modulus, which is a material property.

mit

• d_D = Drahtdurchmesser
• d_F = mittlerer Federdurchmessern = {\displaystyle n=}
• n = federnde Windungen
• G = Schubmodul (für Federstahldraht i. d. R. G = 81500 N/mm², laut DIN EN 13906-1:2002 )

The spring constant of a coil spring is: $\text{D}=\frac{{\text{G * d}}^4{}_{\text{D}}}{\mathrm{8th}{\text{* d}}^3\text{F}*\text{n}}$

With

• d _D = wire diameter
• d _F = mean spring diameters = {\ displaystyle n =}
• n = springy turns
• G = shear modulus (for spring steel wire usually G = 81500 N / mm ² , no DIN EN 13906-1: 2002 )

1 shows the injection pump or its pump housing 12 together with the regulator housing 20 and the mounted variable corrector 18 , One end of the camshaft 22 protrudes into the regulator housing 20 and is there with the centrifugal measuring mechanism 21 connected. The centrifugal measuring mechanism 21 is in operative connection to the control lever 19 which, in turn, is operatively connected to the variable corrector 18 by means of the adjusting spring capsule 17 stands and where the variable corrector 18 has the possibility of an adjustable c value. The stop lever 14 in conjunction with the control spring 15 and the speed adjustment lever 16 are in operative connection with the control lever 19 and the balance spring capsule 17 and thus also with the variable corrector 18 , The control rod 13 is by means of the control lever 19 and the balance spring capsule 17 in operative connection with the variable corrector 18 , where the control rod 13 operated the Fördermengenverstellelemente the injection pump. On the lever 30 or the control lever 19 acts a centrifugal (-Messwerk) speed controller 21 , the position of the control rod as a function of the speed of the internal combustion engine 13 adjusted to the final setting. The centrifugal speed governor is driven by the camshaft 22 the internal combustion engine. To the adjusting lever 30 engages another control lever 19 on, which is hinged at one end also fixed to the housing in the common bearing point movable.

In 2 becomes the variable corrector (Varko) 18 shown in a housing 4 with external thread a pin 5 or a pen 3 for receiving a spring 2 having, wherein the spring by means of a washer 1 and a circlip 11 in conjunction with the pin 5 /Pen 3 is secured. To change and to guide the spring 2 has the variable corrector 18 a screw thread take-up (threaded bush) 10 on that on the pin 3 is arranged longitudinally displaceable by the number n of the resilient windings of the spring 2 and thus be able to change the spring constant.

The housing 7 with its internal thread takes the case 4 with its external thread on such that the two housings are screwed together by means of the thread longitudinally displaceable. About 10 mm below the locking ring 11 is another circlip 6 arranged.

The mother 8th fixes the location of housing 4 to housing 7 as a counter nut, being between the mother 8th and the housing 7 a sealing ring 9 is arranged. On the cone 5 or the pen 3 is a longitudinally displaceable threaded bush 10 arranged the threads for receiving the spring 2 and with which it is in engagement with corresponding internal threads, in the housing 4 are arranged so that the length of the spring and thus its spring constant can be changed by the longitudinal displacement of the threaded bushing.

In 3 becomes the Varko 18 with cones 5 , Circlip 6 and 11 shown in the maximum position, that means the threaded bushing 10 on the pen 3 maximum extended and the free length of the spring 2 is the shortest.

In 4 becomes the Varko 18 shown in the minimum position, that means the threaded bushing 10 on the pen 3 is minimally extended and the free length of the spring 2 is the longest.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

washer

2

feather

3

pen

4

casing

5

spigot

6

circlip

7

mother

8th

mother

9

seal

10

Tooth....

11

circlip

12

Injection pump

13

control rod

14

stop lever

15

control spring

16

Speed control

17

Angleichfederkapsel

18

variable corrector

19

Regulating or clamping lever

20

controller housing

21

Centrifugal measuring mechanism

22

camshaft

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2645474 [0006]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN 13906-1: 2002 [0016]

Claims (5)

Speed controller for in particular a stationary internal combustion engine with an adjustable Angleichvorrichtung, the speed-dependent driven flyweights (21) which axially displace a sleeve which moves a control lever mounted on an axis (19), which on the control rod (13) of an injection pump against the force acts at least one spring and with a spring-loaded clamping lever, which is mounted on an axle, characterized in that the control lever (19) with the clamping lever and with a Angleichfederkapsel (17) is in operative connection. Speed controller after Claim 1 , characterized in that the Angleichfederkapsel (17) is in operative connection with a variable corrector (18). Speed controller after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the variable corrector (18) has at least one spring with variable or adjustable spring rate. Speed controller according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring is arranged on a longitudinally displaceable threaded bushing (10). Speed controller according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded bushing (10) is secured longitudinally displaceable by a securing ring (6).

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