DE102016219789A1 - Ring, rolling bearing and method for producing such a ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flange ring (40) for an at least single row roller bearing (10), for example for a cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearing (12) or spherical roller bearing, with an inner ring (16) and an outer ring (18) coaxially surrounding it, and with a plurality of radially between arranged on the inner ring (16) and the outer ring (18) and on an inner ring raceway (20) and an outer ring raceway (22) rolling rolling elements (24, 26). Here, it is provided that the at least one flange ring (40) has a base body (80) formed with a plastic, which is provided at least in regions with a support layer (82) formed with a metal. In addition, the invention relates to a rolling bearing (10) with at least one flange ring (40) and a method for producing such a rim ring (40).

Description

The invention relates to a flange ring for an at least single-row roller bearing, for example, a cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearing or spherical roller bearings, with an inner ring and a coaxially surrounding outer ring, and arranged with a plurality of radially between the inner ring and the outer ring and rolling on an inner ring raceway and an outer ring raceway rolling elements , Moreover, the invention relates to a rolling bearing with a flange ring and a method for producing such a rim ring.

Rolling bearings find widespread application in almost all areas of technology, among other things because of their smooth running. For axial guidance of the rolling elements between the races of the rolling bearing come with tapered roller bearings, cylindrical roller bearings or spherical roller bearings flanges or rim rings used. Nowadays flanged wheels are made, for example, from short, axial sections of thick-walled tubes, the sections of which are subsequently subjected to extensive further processing. The further processing can be done for example by turning, milling, drilling, grinding, polishing, honing, lapping and / or heat treatments for curing. However, in the case of larger dimensions and / or with special geometries of the flange rings, such production processes are often quite cost-intensive. In addition, tight dimensional tolerances and a high surface quality to be met against the background of mass production can be met only with relatively high effort.

The invention is therefore based on the object to present a novel, particularly low-friction and wear-resistant and mechanically highly resilient rim ring, which can be easily manufactured inexpensively and with reliably reproducible tolerances. In addition, a rolling bearing is described with at least one such rim ring and a method for producing such a rim ring can be specified.

The invention accordingly relates to a rim ring for an at least single-row roller bearing, for example, a cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearings or spherical roller bearings, with an inner ring and a coaxially surrounding outer ring, and arranged with a plurality of radially between the inner ring and the outer ring and rolling on an inner ring raceway and an outer ring raceway rolling elements.

To achieve the object, it is provided that the at least one flange ring has a base body formed with a plastic, which is provided at least partially with a support layer formed with a metal.

Due to this hybrid construction of the on-board ring, it has, inter alia, a dimensional stability which can be reproducibly reproduced with a reasonable manufacturing outlay. In addition, more complex, ie deviating from a substantially hollow cylindrical shape geometries can be realized in a simple manner and inexpensively. For example, an axial contact surface of a rim ring can be made spherical or convex. Furthermore, structural details, such as evenness, shoulders, grooves and inclined surfaces on a flange can be formed process-reliable and cost-effective, because the flange can be manufactured in an injection molding process. The production of multi-part, extremely accurate flange rings is also possible by the construction of the on-board ring according to the invention.

Said base layer may be formed over the entire surface or only in those zones of the main body of the rim, which are exposed to a stronger mechanical load than other areas of the body. In this way, a standard manufactured base body of the flange can be designed with regard to the expected operating requirements.

It can further be provided that the base layer is applied or arranged in regular or irregular geometrical patterns on the base body.

According to another embodiment, it can be provided that the base layer has different material thicknesses on the base body. Here, the support layer in areas in which a high mechanical load is to be expected during operation, be thicker than in areas of the body in which no or only a minor mechanical stress will occur.

In another technically advantageous development of the flange, it is provided that at least the base layer is coated over its entire area or only partially with a friction and wear-reducing tribological functional layer. As a result, friction losses during operation of the rolling bearing can be reduced and, inter alia, the susceptibility to wear of the flange can be significantly reduced, which contributes to a considerable extension of the service life with a simultaneously smaller maintenance.

The tribological functional layer is preferably in the manner of a Triondur ^® - coating, for example a Triondur CN ^® coating, a Triondur ^® CH- coating, Triondur ^® C Coating, a Triondur ^® C + coating, a Triondur ^® CX coating or a combination of at least two of the above coating systems.

Some of these coatings comprise nanoparticles or have a nanostructured or nanocrystalline structure. The Triondur ^® coatings are characterized by a high degree of hardness combined with a very small roughness. The application of the Triondur ^® coatings can, for example, in the way known PVD - ( "physical vapor deposition") or PACVD ( "Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition") - coating processes take place. The reduced by up to 85% compared to conventional rim rings made of solid metal alloys friction also allows a reduction in the size of the rim ring at the same time unchanged load carrying capacity of the bearing.

Furthermore, due to the hybrid design, a significant reduction in weight of the rim ring and a rolling bearing equipped therewith can be achieved.

In addition, the object mentioned is achieved by a rolling bearing having at least one flange ring with at least some of the features described. As a result, in comparison to conventional rolling bearings an operation up to 85% less friction is guaranteed, resulting in a higher mechanical load capacity and service life of a rolling bearing equipped therewith. Even in the event of the onset of a lack of lubricant, a rudimentary runflat property of the rolling bearing is still ensured. In addition, significantly longer replacement intervals of the lubricant can be achieved.

• a) Herstellen eines Grundkörpers mit einem Kunststoff,
• b) zumindest bereichsweises Ausbilden einer mit einem Metall gebildeten Tragschicht auf dem Grundkörper, und
• c) zumindest bereichsweises Herstellen einer tribologischen Funktionsschicht auf der Tragschicht und/oder dem Grundkörper.

Furthermore, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a method for producing a rim ring, in particular a rim ring, having the features of claim 1 and optionally the dependent claims, comprising the following steps:

• a) producing a basic body with a plastic,
• b) at least partially forming a support layer formed with a metal on the base body, and
• c) at least regionally producing a tribological functional layer on the support layer and / or the base body.

As a result, a flange ring can be manufactured reliably with tight tolerances and high surface quality, in particular in the form of hardness and low roughness, with comparatively little effort. The main body can be produced, for example, by means of known injection molding processes from thermoplastic materials or by injection molding thermosetting plastics using suitable molding tools. The plastics may, if necessary, be at least partially provided with a fiber reinforcement. In addition, base bodies with a more complex spatial form than hollow-cylindrical geometry can also be produced by additive manufacturing processes, such as, for example, 3D printing. The application of the support layer formed of metal can be carried out by means of known and suitable processes, such as conventional vacuum evaporation processes or the like. The formation of the ^® preferably in the manner of a coating formed Triondur tribological functional layer is preferably carried out by means of the PVD or PACVD-coating process.

The tribological functional layer may be formed by a Triondur ^® coating, namely ^® by a Triondur CN-coating, a Triondur ^® CH-Be coating, a Triondur ^® C-coating, a Triondur ^® C + coating, a Triondur ^® CX-coating or by a combination of at least two of the aforementioned coating systems.

For a better understanding of the invention, the description is accompanied by a drawing of an embodiment. In the drawing shows

1 a schematic longitudinal section through a tapered roller bearing with a flange according to the invention,

2 a perspective view of the rim according to 1 , and

3 a schematic cross section through the flange according to 2 ,

This in 1 illustrated rolling bearings 10 is merely exemplary as a tapered roller bearing 12 executed. It has a rotational symmetry to a longitudinal central axis 14 trained inner ring 16 on, coaxial with an outer ring 18 is enclosed. The inner ring 16 As known, an inner ring raceway 20 and the outer ring 18 an outer ring raceway 22 on which frustoconical rolling elements 24 . 26 roll. For circumferential guidance of the rolling elements 24 . 26 An optional rolling element cage can be provided, which is not shown here.

For axial guidance of the rolling elements 24 . 26 is a first board 28 and a second board 30 integral with the inner ring 16 educated. The two shelves 28 . 30 are directed radially outward and each have a rectangular cross-sectional geometry on. Opposite to the first board 28 is on the outer ring 18 a radially inwardly directed third board 32 integrally formed, which also has a rectangular cross-sectional geometry. A cylindrical and concentric to the longitudinal central axis 14 executed drilling 34 of the inner ring 16 has an inner diameter D.

To the axial guidance of the rolling elements 24 . 26 between the inner ring 16 and the outer ring 18 to complete and to insert the rolling elements 24 . 26 during the assembly of the tapered roller bearing 12 to allow is on the outer ring 18 an educated and manufactured according to the invention, approximately hollow cylindrical rim ring 40 arranged, which by means of a plurality of circumferentially preferably uniformly spaced from each other arranged fastening means on the outer ring 18 is fixed.

The fastening means for the rim ring 40 Here are only exemplary as recessed bolts 42 . 44 educated. For fastening by means of the bolts 24 . 26 are in the rim ring 40 Through holes 46 . 48 educated. In the outer ring 18 are tapped holes 50 . 52 introduced, which is coaxial with the through holes 46 . 48 are positioned and their number of the number of through holes 46 . 48 in the ring 40 equivalent. The bolts 42 . 44 are in the tapped holes 50 . 52 screwed.

The outer ring 18 has an annular first end face 54 and an annular second end face 56 on, spaced parallel to each other and perpendicular with respect to the longitudinal central axis 14 are aligned. An unmarked inner diameter of the outer ring 18 in the area of the first front side 54 is due to the frusto-conical rolling elements 24 . 26 smaller than a likewise unmarked inner diameter of the outer ring 18 in the area of its second end face 56 ,

Instead of in 1 merely exemplified bolts 42 . 44 can the rim ring 40 in other ways on the outer ring 18 be fixed. So can the rim ring 40 in a circumferential annular groove of the second end face 56 of the outer ring 18 taken up and axially fixed by means of a locking ring or the like. Furthermore, the rim ring 40 deviating from the one-piece form shown here by way of example only, also be designed in several parts.

2 shows a perspective view of the rim 40 tapered roller bearing 12 according to 1 , The rim ring 40 is rotationally symmetrical to its longitudinal central axis 14 formed and has here only by way of example a one-piece hollow cylindrical shape. In the ring 40 are six cylindrical through-holes 46 . 48 . 60 . 62 . 64 . 66 for a corresponding number of bolts 42 . 44 brought in. The six through holes 46 . 48 . 60 . 62 . 64 . 66 are equally spaced from each other and radially equidistant from the longitudinal central axis 14 arranged, and they enforce the rim ring 40 completely in the axial direction, that is parallel to the longitudinal central axis 14 , The rim ring 40 has a first end face 68 and a second end face 70 on, the annular shape and spaced parallel to each other and coaxial and perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 14 are oriented. Radially inside at the first end face 68 is a circular contact surface 72 formed on the rolling elements 24 . 26 of the rolling bearing 10 can start axially. This contact surface 72 is on the same first face 68 concentric with an annular mounting surface 74 enclosed. The contact surface 72 and the mounting surface 74 form the first face 68 of the on-board ring 40 , The mounting surface 74 lies in the assembled state of the rim ring 40 Ideally, the entire surface on the second end face 56 of the outer ring 18 of the rolling bearing 10 at.

3 shows a schematic cross section through the rim ring 40 according to 2 , The rim ring 40 Here is an example of a hollow cylindrical body 80 with an approximately rectangular cross-sectional geometry. The massive body 80 is made with or entirely of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic and may optionally be provided with a Faserarmierung. As fiber reinforcement or as reinforcing fibers are mainly carbon fibers, glass fibers, Aramid ^® fibers or natural fibers into consideration. The main body 80 may be made of a thermoplastic, for example, by a conventional injection molding process or by new, additive manufacturing techniques, such as a 3D printing process.

In the event that the main body 80 is formed with a thermosetting plastic, are also additive manufacturing process or conventional transfer molding, such as RTM process (Resin Transfer Molding) using suitable molds into consideration. In the RTM process, a preform made of reinforcing fibers whose spatial form already essentially corresponds to that of the on-board ring to be produced is impregnated or infiltrated in a mold with the hardenable thermosetting plastic and used to finish the base body 80 finally cured.

Due to the requirement that the basic body 80 of the on-board ring 40 formed with a plastic, the main body can 80 one almost arbitrary have complex geometric shape. This is especially true in the event that the main body 80 using additive manufacturing techniques, such as a 3D printing process. Furthermore, the main body 80 of the on-board ring 40 Due to the use of plastic process reliable, be prepared in mass production and with high dimensional accuracy at the same time a low cost. Finally, short-term adjustments to the spatial geometry of the on-board ring 40 can be realized with a relatively low cost by only a mold, for example, in an injection molding in one is replaced.

According to the invention, the rim ring 40 made of plastic at least partially with a support layer 82 coated or coated from a metal or a metal alloy, which for the necessary mechanical load capacity within the rolling bearing 10 provides. In the simplest case, the base layer 82 , as in 3 shown, full surface on the body 80 arranged. Alternatively, the support layer 82 also only partially, in particular in such zones of the body 80 be formed in the operation of the rolling bearing 10 are subjected to increased mechanical stress. In addition, the base layer 82 in regular or irregular geometric patterns, for example grid-shaped or grid-shaped, on the base body 80 be applied. In addition, it is possible to have a material thickness h _{T of} the metallic support layer 82 of the basic body 80 differing from the embodiment shown here vary locally, for example, the mechanical strength of the support layer 82 to the respective requirements in the rolling bearing 10 optimally adapt.

Preferably, the main body 80 in the case of a non-all-over formation of the base course 82 and the base layer 82 even at least partially with a particular friction and wear-reducing tribological functional layer 84 Mistake. This functional layer is particularly preferred 84 with a Triondur ^® coating, in particular in the manner of a Triondur CN ^® coating, a Triondur ^® CH-coating, Triondur ^® C-coating, Triondur ^® C + coating, a Triondur ^® CX-coating or a combination of at least two of the aforementioned coatings.

At the in 3 embodiment shown, the support layer 82 of the basic body 80 only a partially formed tribological functional layer 84 or Triondur ^® layer in the region of an axial stop face 72 of the on-board ring 40 on. Alternatively, the functional layer 84 or Triondur ^® coating, analogous to the metallic support layer 82 of the basic body 80 , also over the entire surface on the metallic base course 82 be formed, so wrap it completely. Furthermore, the tribological functional layer 84 or the Triondur ^® coating only partially so in the form of regular or irregular patterns or structures on the base course 82 or in zones left by it directly on the body 80 be upset. The material thickness h _{F of} the functional layer 84 in this case, for example, up to 4 microns and may, if necessary, also vary locally.

A slightly crowned, for example, axial contact surface 88 of the on-board ring 40 can, as it is in 3 is indicated by a dashed line, for example by a corresponding thereto designed, not designated thickening or contouring of the body 80 be generated. Alternatively, under certain circumstances, the material thickness h _{T of} the metallic support layer 82 be enlarged accordingly in this area.

The inventively constructed with a hybrid material composition Bordring 40 allows a significant reduction of the bearing friction and concomitantly a reduced heat release within the rolling bearing 10 , which leads to a considerable service life extension of the invention with the rim ring 40 equipped rolling bearing 10 leads. In addition, a reduction of the size of the rim ring 40 Compared to conventional embodiments of rim rings without much effort possible. In addition, the rim ring 40 be produced at reasonable production and cost with an almost arbitrarily complex spatial geometry in mass production suitable manner. In addition, allows the completely constructed with a plastic base body 80 or core of the on-board ring 40 a significant reduction in weight coupled with a reduction of running noise in relation to massive metal rings. Due to the high hardness and an extremely low roughness tribological functional layer 84 or the Triondur ^® coating reaches the rim ring 40 moreover, excellent runflat properties even in the case of insufficient lubrication so that change intervals of a lubricant can be extended.

The sequence of a method for producing a rim according to the invention will be described below 40 explained in more detail. First, in a first process step a) a basic body 80 made with a plastic.

The main body 80 can be finished, for example, by means of a known injection molding process with a thermoplastic or by pressing in the case of a thermosetting plastic. Optionally, to increase the mechanical load carrying capacity during the manufacturing process, a reinforcement of reinforcing fibers in the body 80 to get integrated. Alternatively, can body 80 producing production costs that are justifiable in small-batch production with an almost arbitrarily complex spatial geometry through additive manufacturing processes, such as, for example, 3D printing processes.

In a second method step b), at least a partial application of a base layer formed with a metal takes place 82 on the body 80 , To increase the mechanical bond between the metallic base layer 82 and the body 80 From the plastic this can be roughened in advance by means of suitable chemical-physical processes. The application of the support layer formed of metal 82 is done by known and suitable for this process, which are sufficiently familiar to those working in the relevant field of coating technology expert.

In a concluding third process step c), the at least regional production of a tribological functional layer takes place 84 on the base course 82 and / or on the base body 80 for the constellation that the metallic base layer 82 only partially on the body 80 of the on-board ring 40 is trained. The formation of the ^® preferably in the manner of a coating formed Triondur tribological functional layer 84 likewise takes place by means of known coating methods, in particular the PVD coating method or the PACVD coating method. Before applying the tribological functional layer 84 can also the surface roughness of the metallic support layer 82 to improve the adhesion between the metallic base layer 82 and the tribological functional layer 84 be increased by means of suitable chemical-physical methods.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 roller bearing

12

 Tapered roller bearings

14

 Longitudinal central axis

16

 inner ring

18

 outer ring

20

 Inner ring raceway

22

 Outer ring raceway

24

 rolling elements

26

 rolling elements

28

 First board

30

 Second board

32

 Third board

34

 Bore of the inner ring

40

 board ring

42

 bolts

44

 bolts

46

 Through Hole

48

 Through Hole

50

 threaded hole

52

 threaded hole

54

 First face of the outer ring

56

 Second end face of the outer ring

60

 Through Hole

62

 Through Hole

64

 Through Hole

66

 Through Hole

68

 First face of the rim

70

 Second end face of the rim ring

72

 Axial contact surface of the rim

74

 Mounting surface of the rim ring

80

 Basic body of the Bordrings

82

 base course

84

Tribological functional layer, Triondur ^® coating

88

 Contact surface of the rim ring

90

 Thickening on the body

D

 Inner diameter of the inner ring

h _T

 Material thickness of the base course

h _F

 Material thickness of the functional layer

Claims (10)

Rim ring ( 40 ) for an at least single-row rolling bearing ( 10 ), for example for a cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearings ( 12 ) or spherical roller bearings, with an inner ring ( 16 ) and a coaxially surrounding outer ring ( 18 ), as well as with several radially between the inner ring ( 16 ) and the outer ring ( 18 ) and on an inner ring raceway ( 20 ) and an outer ring raceway ( 22 ) rolling rolling elements ( 24 . 26 ), characterized in that the at least one Bordring ( 40 ) a basic body formed with a plastic ( 80 ), which at least partially with a supporting layer formed with a metal ( 82 ) is provided. Ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the base layer ( 82 ) over the entire surface on the base body ( 80 ) is trained. Ring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base layer ( 82 ) only in such zones of the basic body ( 80 ) is formed, which are exposed to a stronger mechanical load than other areas of the body ( 80 ). Ring according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the base layer ( 82 ) in regular or irregular geometric Patterns on the base body ( 80 ) is applied or arranged. Ring according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base layer ( 82 ) on the base body ( 80 ) has different material thicknesses (h _T ). Ring according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least the base layer ( 82 ) over the entire surface or only partially with a friction and wear-reducing tribological functional layer ( 84 ) is coated. Ring according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a slightly spherical axial contact surface ( 88 ), which by a thickening or contouring of the base body ( 80 ) is formed. Roller bearing ( 10 ), for example cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings ( 12 ) or spherical roller bearings, characterized in that the rolling bearing ( 10 ) at least one rim ring ( 40 ) having the features of at least one of claims 1 to 7. Method for producing an on-board ring ( 40 ) comprising the features of at least one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: a) producing a basic body ( 80 ) with a plastic, b) at least partially forming a support layer formed with a metal ( 82 ) on the base body ( 80 ), and c) at least regionally producing a tribological functional layer ( 84 ) on the base layer ( 82 ) and / or on the base body ( 80 ). Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the tribological functional layer ( 84 ) Is formed by a Triondur ^® coating, namely ^® by a Triondur CN-coating, a Triondur ^® CH-coating, a Triondur ^® C-coating, a Triondur ^® C + coating, a Triondur ^® CX-coating or by a combination of at least two of the aforementioned coating systems.

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