DE102016211708A1 - New material composite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel composite material, its use as a lining in containers and a method for lining containers comprising the novel composite material.

Description

The invention relates to a novel composite material, its use as a lining in containers and a method for lining containers comprising the novel composite material.

Containers, in particular steel containers, find various applications in industry, for example in the chemical industry as stirring containers for the production of chemicals, corrosive or very reactive compounds being used in the production process. To protect these steel containers against, for example, corrosion, a coating of the container inner wall with a corrosion-resistant material or a lining of the container inner wall can be made with plastic.

Various lining possibilities, such as the cohesive lining or the "loose lining" of containers, are known in the prior art.

A cohesive lining is z. B. by gluing the liner to the inner wall of the container. A disadvantage of these cohesive liners is that vacuum applications are possible, but only in the temperature range in which the adhesive used has its application. In the event that the adhesive begins to decompose during operation of the container, the liner may become detached from the container inner wall. Thus, no protection of the steel container against, for example corrosion, can be ensured.

DE 2319039 shows a "loose lining" in which the liner is clamped to fasteners A disadvantage of this loose liner is that vacuum applications are not possible.

In US 5246549 A a container is described in which in the space between the inside of the container and the outside of the "loose lining" a porous material is arranged. By removing the air from the gap, the "loose liner" is drawn to the porous material and by removing the air from within the container, a vacuum is created with a pressure differential between the interior and the gap. This described arrangement can be used, for example, for the distillation of corrosive liquids. In order to prevent a collapse of the vacuum in the gap, this must be continuously monitored and readjusted if necessary. Such a collapse of the vacuum in the intermediate space can lead to the fact that no protection of the steel containers against corrosion can be ensured.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a liner for containers which is suitable for vacuum applications and is more vacuum-resistant than the liners known in the art.

The term "container" in the present invention in addition to containers and pipes, pipelines, tank containers, fittings, basins or columns understood.

The object is achieved by a composite material comprising two materials, wherein the at least one first material containing metal and the at least one second material is plastic-containing and these materials are adhesively bonded together via at least one claw, solved.

Plastic-containing material in the context of this invention is understood to be a corrosion-resistant polymer. Preferably, this polymer is a fluorine-containing polymer such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), m-PTFE (modified polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy polymer), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene), ECTFE (ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene), FEP (polyfluoroethylene propylene) or PP (polypropylene). It is particularly preferable to use PTFE, m-PTFE or PFA as the fluorine-containing polymer.

In the context of the present invention, a metal-containing material is understood as meaning preferably a weldable metal-containing material, such as, for example, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, any mixtures thereof and alloys. Preferably, steel is used as the metal-containing material.

In the context of this invention is meant by a claw a tapered structure. The structure may be in the form of a cone, hook, double hook or multiple hook. In cross section, the structure may be square, rectangular, triangular or round. In the context of this invention, cross section means a section along the transverse axis. This is the body axis that runs across the longest dimension of a body. In addition, barbs may be attached to the top of the structure. In 1 Some non-invention limiting claws are shown. The hook shapes, as well as the barbs, allow for use as a lining insoluble connection of the composite material.

Advantageously, the metal-containing material has the at least one claw. It is Furthermore advantageous that the at least one claw consists of the same material as the metal-containing material.

If the metal-containing material has less than one claw, no tack-free connection with the plastic-containing material can be achieved. The number of claws used depends on the dimensions of the plastic-containing material as well as on the dimensions of the metal-containing material without claws. The thicker the plastic-containing material, the larger a claw can be. The larger the claw is, the lower the number of claws per cm ^{2 can} be.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the metal-containing material is in the form of a claw plate. In the context of this invention, the metal-containing material, which has the at least one claw, referred to as a claw plate. The material of which the claw plate is made has a higher strength than the plastic-containing material, so that the claws can penetrate into the plastic-containing material. At a lower strength of the material of the claw plate than the strength of the plastic-containing material, the claws may bend or break, d. H. they do not penetrate into the plastic-containing material.

Preferably, the claw plate comprises a plate-shaped part; Advantageously, the claws are located on one side of the plate-shaped part. In the context of this invention, the term "plate-shaped" is understood to mean a flat or curved shape in cross-section. The curvature corresponds to the contour of the container to be lined and can be formed both convex and concave. Preferably, the claw plate is integrally formed.

Advantageously, the plate-shaped part of the claw plate has a thickness of 0.3 to 5.0 mm, preferably from 1.0 to 3.0 mm. With a thickness of less than 0.3 mm, the stability of the claw plate is no longer given and with a thickness of greater than 5.0 mm, the claw plate is difficult to handle and uneconomical.

The length and width of the claw plate depends on the dimensions of the plastic-containing material.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one claw has a length of 0.1 to 8.0 mm, preferably from 0.3 to 2.5 mm. The length defines itself from the point of intersection of the center point of the cross section of the claw at the contact surface with the surface of the plate-shaped part to the point of the claw. At a length of the claw of less than 0.1 mm, the penetration depth of the claw in the plastic-containing material is not sufficient to bond the plastic-containing material with the claw plate without sticking. A claw length of greater than 8.0 mm does not make sense because it makes the claw plate difficult to handle and uneconomical.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one claw has a diameter with a round cross section of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm or with a square cross section a length of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm and a width of 0.01 mm 8.0 mm or, in the case of a triangular cross-section, a side length of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm and a height of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm. The mentioned cross-sectional sizes allow the claws to penetrate into the plastic-containing material. With larger cross-sectional sizes no penetration of the claws in the plastic-containing material is possible; for smaller cross-sectional sizes, the stability of the composite material is not guaranteed. The penetration of the claws in the plastic-containing material can be made possible only with these cross-sectional sizes, as larger cross-sectional sizes a According to a further advantageous embodiment, the plastic-containing material is plate-shaped.

Advantageously, the plastic-containing, plate-shaped material has a thickness of 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm, preferably from 3.5 mm to 4.5 mm. A thickness smaller than 1.0 mm does not have enough stability and a thickness greater than 10 mm is difficult to handle for a vacuum application. When using more than one plastic-containing material, these materials are welded together at their contact surfaces in order to achieve the necessary tightness of the composite material.

The tack-free compound of the composite material according to the invention is advantageously achieved by heat and / or pressure.

In the context of this invention, heat is understood as meaning a temperature of 25 ° C. to 300 ° C., preferably of 250 ° C. to 280 ° C. The heat can in this case by a burner, that is generated by a flame, by infrared radiation or by indirect heating via a gaseous or liquid medium.

Under pressure is understood in the context of this invention, a pressure of 1.0 bar to 10.0 bar.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method of making a liner for containers.

• a) Befestigen eines Krallenblechs in einem Behälter;
• b) Erwärmen des Krallenblechs auf 25°C bis 300°C, bevorzugt 250°C bis 280°C;
• c) Zusammenfügen des Krallenblechs aus Schritt b) mit einem kunststoffhaltigem Material unter Anwendung eines Drucks von 1,0 bar bis 10,0 bar zu einem Werkstoff-Verbund.

This procedure comprises the following steps:

• a) attaching a claw plate in a container;
• b) heating the claw plate to 25 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably 250 ° C to 280 ° C;
• c) joining the claw plate from step b) with a plastic-containing material using a pressure of 1.0 bar to 10.0 bar to form a composite material.

In the above method, it is preferable to fix the claw plate with the side having no claws in a container. The fastening of the claw plate in the container can be done by gluing, welding, screwing, riveting and the like.

After fastening, the claw plate can be heated by a burner, that is by a flame, by infrared radiation or by indirect heating via a gaseous or liquid medium to 25 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably 250 ° C to 280 ° C. The plastic-containing material is combined with the heated claw plate and with a pressure of 1.0 bar to 10.0 bar to form a composite material.

By heating the claw plate, the claws, when mating with the plastic-containing material easier to press into the plastic-containing material, as the plastic-containing material heated in contact with the claws of the claw plate and yields in strength.

The composite material according to the invention can be used as a lining of containers for vacuum applications.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described purely by way of example with reference to advantageous embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention is not limited by the figures.

1 shows possible claw shapes in the cross section of the claw plate.

2 shows a cross section of a composite material.

3 shows a section of two fastened in a container material composites in cross section.

4 shows an alternative to 3 in cross section.

• a = Kegelform
• b = Kegelform mit Widerhaken
• c = Hakenform
• d = Hakenform mit Widerhaken
• e = Doppelhakenform
• f = Doppelhakenform mit Widerhaken

1 shows in cross section a claw plate with the possible claw shapes, such as

• a = cone shape
• b = conical shape with barbs
• c = hook shape
• d = hook shape with barbs
• e = double hook shape
• f = double hook shape with barbs

2 shows in cross-section a composite material ( 1 ) with a claw plate ( 2 ) and a plastic-containing material ( 3 ). The claws ( 4 ) of the claw plate ( 2 ) have a hook shape. The claw plate ( 2 ) with the claws ( 4 ) is with the plastic material ( 3 ) joined together.

3 shows in cross section a section of two in a container ( 5 ) fastened material composites ( 1 . 1' ). The claw plates ( 2 . 2 ' ) are not claws ( 4 . 4 ' ) ( 6 . 6 ' ) with the container ( 5 ) connected. The claw plates ( 2 . 2 ' ) are compatible with the plastic materials ( 3 . 3 ' ) over the claws ( 4 . 4 ' ) joined together. The plastic materials ( 3 . 3 ' ) are connected to each other at the interface ( 7 ) welded.

The claw plate ( 2 ' ) and the plastic-containing material ( 3 ' ) have a curvature corresponding to the contour of the container to be lined ( 5 ) corresponds. Between the claw plates ( 2 . 2 ' ) there is a white space ( 8th ).

4 shows in contrast to 3 in that the plastic-containing material ( 3 '' ) and the claw plate ( 2 '' ) are integrally formed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to embodiments, wherein the embodiments are not limiting the invention.

Embodiment 1

The shell inner surface of a container with a diameter of 500 mm and a height of 1000 mm was fully lined with a claw plate by spot welding. The claw _{plate had} a thickness of d _plate = 1 mm and the claws had a length of I _claw = 1.7 mm. Thereafter, the claw plate was heated by means of infrared radiation to a temperature of 250 ° C. A one-piece m-PTFE liner with a diameter of 500 mm was pressed onto the heated claw plate at a pressure of 1-3 bar, so that the claws have pressed locally into the m-PTFE plate. The pressure of 1-3 bar was generated by auxiliary tools. These tools will remain at room temperature until cool.

Embodiment 2:

In this embodiment, the lining of a container with a diameter of 1000 mm and a height of 1000 mm was carried out with PTFE.

For this purpose, the lateral surface of the container was lined with a claw _plate with a thickness of d _metal = 1 mm and a length of the claws of I _claw = 1.7 mm over the entire surface. The welded claw plate was heated to 250 ° C with a flame. Two individual PTFE plates, each half the size of the surface area of the container, were pressed in, whereby it is important to leave 1 mm gap between the PTFE plates for the welding of the PTFE plates. The edges of the PTFE sheets were pulled off evenly with a triangular scraper. Thereafter, the PTFE plates were welded together. This process can also be carried out with several panels, so that a kind of patchwork carpet is created.

Embodiment 3

In a container having a diameter of 500 mm and a height of 1000 mm, 10 claw plates measuring 100 mm × 300 mm were arbitrarily welded to the inner circumferential surface of the container. Thereafter, as in the previous examples, heating to 250 ° C and pressing in of the PTFE sheet (s) followed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

a

cone shape

b

Cone shape with barbs

c

hook shape

d

Hook shape with barbs

e

Double hook shape

f

Double hook shape with barbs

1, 1 '

Material composite

2, 2 ', 2' '

claws sheet

3, 3 ', 3' '

plastic-containing material

4, 4 '

claw

5

container

6, 6 '

non-clawed side

7

Touchpad

8th

whitespace

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 2319039 [0005]
• US 5246549 A [0006]

Claims (15)

Composite material comprising two materials, characterized in that at least one first material containing metal and at least one second material is plastic-containing and these materials are adhesively bonded together via at least one claw. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal-containing material having at least one claw. Composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal-containing material is in the form of a claw plate. Composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that the claw plate comprises a plate-shaped part. Composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that the plate-shaped part of the claw plate has a thickness of 0.3 to 5.0 mm. Composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one claw has a length of 0.1 to 8.0 mm. Composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one claw has a diameter with a round cross section of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm, with a square cross section has a length of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm and a Width of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm or triangular in cross section has a side length of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm and a height of 0.01 mm to 8.0 mm. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is the plastic-containing material is a corrosion-resistant polymer. Composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that the corrosion-resistant polymer is selected from fluorine-containing polymers. Composite material according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the plastic-containing material is plate-shaped. Composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that the plate-shaped material has a thickness of 1.0 to 10.0 mm. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the tack-free connection is achieved by heat and / or pressure. Method of producing a lining for containers with a composite material according to one of Claims 1 to 12, comprising the following steps: a) attaching a claw plate in a container; b) heating the claw plate to 25 ° C to 300 ° C and c) joining the claw plate from step b) with a plastic-containing material using a pressure of 1.0 to 10.0 bar to form a composite material. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the fastening of the claw plate into the container by gluing, welding, screwing or riveting. Use of the composite material according to one of claims 1 to 12, as a lining of containers for vacuum applications.

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