DE102016207943A1 - Motor and / or generator device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a motor and / or generator device (1) comprising: a stator (2), and a rotor (3) in axial construction, wherein in particular substantially the reluctance forces or reluctance torques are used, the rotor (3) more Pole (5), wherein the respective pole (5) has a plurality of superimposed layers (6) made of a soft magnetic material, with an intermediate river barrier, and wherein the rotor (3) and stator (2) are arranged in the axial direction to each other and forming an air gap (4) therebetween.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a motor and / or generator device, which in particular as an electric motor or generator in a vehicle, for. As electric or hybrid vehicle, and as a generator in a wind turbine, etc., can be used.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Generally, various topologies of electronically commutated electric motors are known. These include permanent magnet motors as internal rotor and as external rotor and as Axialflussmotoren. The disadvantages of these topologies are the cost of the magnetic material as well as thermal conditions. Alternatively, there are magnet-free motor types such as the so-called switched reluctance motor (SRM) or the switched reluctance motor or the so-called synchronous reluctance motor (SyncRM) or the synchronous reluctance motor, which exploit the reluctance of a machine to generate a driving force.

From the DE 10 2014 109 464 A1 Furthermore, a motor vehicle lock with an actuator and an electric actuator for adjusting the actuator is known. The electric Schrittaktor in this case has a rotor and a stator. In a sub-variant, a drive in the manner of a reluctance drive is enumerated as a possibility. He has a rotor and a stator with a radial air gap. The drive can also be designed as axial flow machine with an axial air gap.

Also known are radially constructed reluctance generators, which are already described in various embodiments (as in DE 10 2010 004 769 A1 or EP 1717947 ).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved engine and / or generator device.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a motor and / or generator device having the features of patent claim 1.

Accordingly, it is provided:
An engine and / or generator device comprising:
a stator, and
a rotor in axial construction, in particular reluctance forces and / or reluctance torques are used, wherein the rotor has a plurality of poles, wherein the respective pole has a plurality of superposed layers of a soft magnetic material, with an intermediate river barrier, and wherein the rotor and stator in are arranged axially to each other and form an air gap therebetween.

The knowledge / idea underlying the present invention is to provide a motor and / or generator device which can be used as a motor and / or generator and is magnet-free, but does not have the disadvantage of a deteriorated efficiency or a poorer performance weight.

It is therefore once formed the previous synchronous reluctance motor as Axialflussmotor. In this case, a rotor is provided, which has at least one or two poles, wherein the respective pole has a plurality of superimposed layers of a soft magnetic material, with a Flußbarrieredaswischen. The rotor and the stator are further arranged in the axial direction to form an air gap therebetween. Furthermore, the synchronous reluctance motor is formed in a radial construction, wherein the rotor and / or the stator are formed from at least one soft magnetic fiber package.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments will become apparent from the other dependent claims and from the description with reference to the figures of the drawing.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the layers of a soft magnetic material is at least one fiber packet, at least one layer of wire pieces, at least one layer of fibers, in particular long chamfers, of a soft magnetic material, and / or at least one metal sheet, in particular electric sheet.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a gap is provided between two superimposed layers of a rotor in axial construction or alternatively between two radially arranged layers of a rotor with radial construction between these layers of the soft magnetic material, wherein the gap with air and / or at least A gap filling material is filled to form the flow barrier between the two superimposed or mutually radially arranged layers of the soft magnetic material.

In another embodiment of the invention, the gap filling material is at least one Spaltfüllmaterialstreifen, Spaltfüllmaterialschicht, a Spaltfüllmaterialmasse, Spaltfüllmaterialbeschichtung and / or Spaltfüllmaterialfolie, the Spaltfüllmaterial in particular a magnetically insulating Spaltfüllmaterial, preferably paper, cardboard, plastic, paint, ceramic and / or a Superconductor is, or wherein the Spaltfüllmaterial is optionally at least partially or wholly or in some areas a diamagnetic material and / or paramagnetic material.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the rotor has at least two poles, which are connected to one another on an annular disk, on an inner ring, on an outer ring, on at least one connecting web and / or by means of a holding material.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the stator has a return ring and at least two teeth and thus stator poles, which are formed integrally or as separate components and fastened to one another.

In another embodiment of the invention, the return ring is constructed of a plurality of rings of metal strips which are electrically insulated from each other, wherein the teeth are each formed of a plurality of layered metal strips which are electrically insulated from each other, and wherein the teeth on the return ring in particular by gluing , Welding, soldering, press-fitting and / or clamping are attached.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the return ring and / or the teeth are formed from at least one fiber packet, wherein the at least one fiber package as a soft magnetic fiber material soft magnetic fibers and / or a fiber powder of finely chopped soft magnetic fibers, wherein the electrical insulation of the soft magnetic fiber material is an electrically insulating Layer between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fiber material is provided and / or wherein the fibers of the fiber material are provided with an electrically insulating coating and / or wherein the fiber material is impregnated in an electrically insulating material or embedded therein.

In one embodiment of the invention, the electrically insulating coating of the fibers of the fiber material is a chemical coating, in particular a layer or coating formed by phosphating the fibers, a nanoceramic coating, in particular ferrite ceramic layer, a plastic coating, a lacquer layer and / or an anodized layer or another technical suitable coating (s).

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least a part of the rotor and in particular the at least one layers of a soft magnetic material of the rotor from the at least one fiber packet, wherein the at least one fiber package as soft magnetic fiber material soft magnetic fibers and / or a. Fiber powder of finely chopped soft magnetic fibers, wherein for magnetic isolation of the soft magnetic fiber material, a magnetically insulating layer between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fiber material is provided and / or wherein the fibers of the fiber material are provided with a magnetically insulating coating and / or wherein the fiber material in a magnetically insulating material impregnated or embedded therein.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the magnetically insulating coating of the fibers of the fiber material is a chemical coating, in particular a layer or coating formed by phosphating the fibers, a nanoceramic coating, in particular ferrite ceramic layer, a plastic coating, a lacquer layer, an anodized layer or another technical suitable coating (s).

In another embodiment of the invention, a paramagnetic layer and / or at least one diamagnetic layer between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet is provided at least in some areas.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet is additionally sintered.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fibers of the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet are aligned such that the fibers have a predetermined course and in particular as possible follow the theoretical course of the magnetic field lines at least one magnetic field.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet is not further compressed or additionally compressed, in particular uniformly compressed, or has at least two sections with a different compression.

In another embodiment of the invention, the teeth of the stator are each with a coil winding, wherein the coil winding comprises an electrically conductive wire, in particular an electrically conductive metal wire, or an electrically conductive strip, in particular an electrically conductive metal foil, wherein the electrically conductive wire or the electrically conductive strip is provided with an electrical insulation, preferably an electrically insulating coating and / or a respective electrically insulating layer between the respective windings.

The above embodiments and developments can, if appropriate, combine with each other as desired. Further possible refinements, developments and implementations of the invention also include combinations, not explicitly mentioned, of features of the invention described above or below with regard to the exemplary embodiments. In particular, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention.

CONTENT OF THE DRAWING

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments indicated in the schematic figures of the drawings. It shows:

1 a schematic view of a basic structure of an embodiment of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention;

2 a further schematic view of an embodiment of the rotor of the inventive motor and / or generator device according to the invention;

3 a perspective view of another embodiment of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention;

4 a sectional view of the engine and / or generator device according to 3 ;

5 a section of the engine and / or generator device according to the 3 and 4 in a perspective view;

6 a perspective view of the stator of the motor and / or generator device according to the 3 - 5 ;

7 a perspective view of the rotor of the motor and / or generator device according to the 3 - 5 ;

8th a side view of another embodiment of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention;

9 a perspective view of the engine and / or generator device according to 8th ;

10 a detail of a stator and a pole of a rotor of another embodiment of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention in a perspective view;

11 a perspective view of the pole of the rotor according to 10 ;

12 a perspective view of a stator for in the 1 to 11 shown motor and / or generator device according to the invention;

13 a sectional view of a rotor of another embodiment of a motor and / or generator device according to the invention in a radial construction; and

14 a sectional view through a further motor and / or generator device according to the invention in radial construction.

The accompanying drawings are intended to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the invention. They illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain principles and concepts of the invention. Other embodiments and many of the stated advantages will become apparent with reference to the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale to each other.

In the figures of the drawing are the same, functionally identical and same-acting elements, features and components - unless otherwise stated - each provided with the same reference numerals.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

In the following 1 - 14 the engine and / or generator device according to the invention will be explained with reference to some embodiments. The rotor of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention has at least two poles and the stator at least two stator or stator poles to provide a motor and / or generator device which can provide a plurality of revolutions in operation, for example, a wind turbine with a Generator as inventive motor and / or generator device can rotate between For example, 1 rpm up to 10,000 rpm or a turbocharged engine as a further example for the motor and / or generator device according to the invention generate revolutions in a range of over 100,000 rpm.

In contrast, what has been previously described in the prior art DE 10 2014 109 464 A1 directed to a motor vehicle lock with an actuator and an electric actuator for adjusting the actuator. The electric actuator - does not perform a complete rotation, but provides a change of position and an associated different angular position for opening and closing the vehicle door. The electric actuator with the actuator is neither suitable nor intended for performing one or in particular a plurality of revolutions.

For the operation of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention, therefore, the rotor has at least two and preferably a plurality of more than two poles and associated therewith a stator with a suitable plurality of teeth with coil windings to produce the desired number of revolutions per minute depending on the function and Intended use of machines and / or generators that require specific speeds, depending on the function and purpose. A use as a drive for a vehicle lock only for position change or an angular position and thus not for the generation of one or preferably a plurality of whole revolutions during operation, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention is not provided.

In 1 is a schematic highly simplified view of a basic structure of an embodiment of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown.

Generally, as described above, various topologies of electronically commutated electric motors are known. These include permanent magnet motors as internal rotor and external rotor axial flux motors. The disadvantages of these topologies, as stated previously, are the cost of the magnetic material and thermal conditions. Alternatively, there are magnet-free motor types such as the so-called switched reluctance motor (SRM) or the switched reluctance motor or the so-called synchronous reluctance motor (SyncRM) or the synchronous reluctance motor. In the magnet-free topologies, the applications are usually limited because the power to weight, the efficiency or the acoustic profiles are not sufficient in many applications, which is why such types of engines prevail only slightly in mass production.

According to the invention, therefore, to solve such disadvantages, the novel motor and / or generator device 1 as they are in 1 and subsequent ones 2 to 14 is shown, which combines different types of engines.

In this case, a motor and / or generator device 1 provided, which in particular can be formed magnet-free and does not have the disadvantage of a deteriorated efficiency or a poorer performance weight. The motor type of the synchronous reluctance motor has basically as the magnet-free motor by utilizing the reluctance torque the potential to achieve high efficiency even at relatively low speeds. This also applies to the reluctance generator, which also utilizes the reluctance torque to provide electrical energy with high efficiency.

The problem with this type of motor and generator, however, is that the power-to-weight ratio is poor. Among other things, this is because you need a lot of space for the windings, which is not available in conventional, radial engines.

It is therefore the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 which provides this type of motor as Axialflussmotor, which in particular results in a novel type of engine, which retains the advantages of the radially constructed engine but additionally integrates the advantages of Axialfeldmotoren. The axial field topology has several advantages. Thus, it has more space for windings, which is a major problem in the radial synchronous reluctance motor. The cylindrical shape of the windings of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention has the further advantage that it allows the use of films, such as aluminum and / or copper, instead of wire for the windings and therefore allows a very high degree of filling, as in The following will be explained. This in turn results in advantages in terms of cost and weight.

Furthermore, in the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 no windings are present, which are not effective, which reduces the cost and weight. In addition, high torques can be achieved with a small design and low speeds.

These advantages in combination with the fundamental advantages of the synchronous reluctance motor, such as a high degree of efficiency and freedom from magnets, result in a cost-effective and, from the performance data, very good motor and / or generator device, which can be used as an axial flux synchronizer. Reluctance motor device or so-called. Axial flux synchronous reluctance motor can be referred to.

The motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 has a variety of uses both as a motor and as a generator. For example, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention as an electric motor or z. B. be used as a wheel hub motor on a respective vehicle in an electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle. As a wheel hub motor to the respective vehicle, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 can also be used as a generator, for example, for recuperation in a hybrid vehicle, etc. Furthermore, the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 be used as a generator, for example, a wind turbine, etc .. This is particularly advantageous since the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 can be performed magnet-free and therefore can be dispensed expensive magnets from rare earths. As a result, manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced, but with the same high efficiency by the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 can be achieved, as in the magnetically used generators and motors previously used. However, the invention is based on the aforementioned possible uses of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 not limited as engine and / or generator. In principle, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 be used wherever it is suitable as a motor and / or generator. The above uses for electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, pumps and wind turbine is merely exemplary and is intended to indicate only the breadth of the applications.

As in 1 in the purely schematic and highly simplified view of the structure of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 is shown, the engine and / or generator device 1 a stator 2 and a rotor 3 on, which are arranged to each other in the axial direction and an air gap 4 train in between. All embodiments of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention have this structure, as described below with reference to FIG 2 to 11 is explained. The stator 2 can also be used as axial field stator and the rotor 3 be referred to as axial field rotor. As in the following embodiments in the 13 and 14 is shown, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention can in principle also in a further embodiment of the invention also have a radial structure. In this case, the rotor and the stator are arranged to each other in the radial direction and form an air gap therebetween. Furthermore, at least one of the rotor and the stator is made of at least one or more soft magnetic fiber packets or at least has this or these, as with reference to FIG 13 and 14 will be described in more detail.

The rotor 3 has z. B. several poles 5 each made of a magnetically permeable and soft magnetic material, for example, an electric sheet material. In the in 1 embodiment shown, the respective pole 5 of the rotor 3 of several superposed and spaced apart layers 6 formed of the soft magnetic material. As an example of a layer 6 from a soft magnetic material, for example, a respective electric sheet, as in the embodiment in 1 , or as described below, a fiber package, wire pieces, etc. are provided. However, the invention is not limited to an electrical sheet or electrical sheet material, nor to the further examples given below for the respective layer 6 limited from the soft magnetic material. Any soft magnetic material can be used which is suitable for use in the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 are suitable.

The electrical sheets as an example of layers 6 from a soft magnetic material in each case form a Flußleitbereich. The formed between two superimposed electrical sheets gap 7 again forms a river barrier. In this way, change at the respective pole 5 of the rotor 3 Fluxing and flux barriers as well as for example in a radial flux synchronous reluctance from.

The gap 7 between each two superimposed layers 6 from the soft magnetic material, for. B. electrical sheet in the embodiment in 1 , as a flow barrier with air, as well as in the embodiment in the following 8th and 9 , and / or an additional gap filling material 8th be filled, at least partially or completely filled, as in the following 2 - 7 and the 10 and 11 For example, to further increase the effect of the flow barrier. In the following embodiment in the 10 and 11 wire pieces made of a soft magnetic material are arranged in layers and thus form Flußleitbereiche. By coating these wire pieces with a magnetically insulating and optionally also electrically insulating material, this insulating coating can be used simultaneously to form a flow barrier.

As gap filling material 8th to fill in the respective gap 7 in 1 , a magnetically insulating and preferably electrically insulating material may be provided or, alternatively, a paramagnetic material and / or a diamagnetic material may be used completely or possibly in partial areas in order to further improve the effect or power density.

For example, as a magnetically insulating and preferably electrically insulating gap filling material 8th at least one plastic, at least one ceramic, in particular a nanoceramic, etc., a lacquer, cardboard and / or paper, etc. are provided, the invention not being limited to the examples of magnetically insulating materials mentioned.

The gap filling material 8th For example, in the form of at least one Spaltfüllmaterialstreifens, a Spaltfüllmaterialschicht, a Spaltfüllmaterialfüllmasse, a Spaltfüllmaterialbeschichtung and / or Spaltfüllmaterialfolie between each two superimposed layers 6 be provided from the soft magnetic material. In particular, in the following embodiment in the 10 and 11 the wire pieces z. B. provided with such Spaltfüllmaterialbeschichtung and / or embedded in a Spaltfüllmaterialmasse and / or be provided with a Spaltfüllmaterialfolie such that a respective Flußbarriere can be provided.

As gap filling material 8th For example, at least one paper strip, a cardboard layer, a plastic compound, a plastic coating, a metal coating, a ceramic coating, a paint, a plastic film, a suitable metal foil, a paramagnetic layer, a superconductor foil, a superconductor coating and / or a diamagnetic layer, etc. between each two superimposed layers 6 be provided from the soft magnetic material. Spaltfüllmaterialstreifen, Spaltfüllmaterialschichten, Spaltfüllmaterialbeschichtung and Spaltfüllmaterialfolien have the advantage that they allow a particularly dense packing and optionally allow a mechanical cohesion of the construction.

As Spaltfüllmaterial, as previously stated, additionally or alternatively, a superconductor, for. As a superconductor film or superconductor coating or layer, etc., are used. The superconductor conducts the magnetic field lines around but not through itself when operated below a threshold temperature (Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect). Thus, the effect of the diamagnetic flow barrier is again achieved in a particularly reinforced form.

When coating with at least one magnetically insulating and optionally additionally electrically insulating material and / or with a diamagnetic material and / or with a paramagnetic material, etc., both of the superimposed layers can be used 6 be provided from soft magnetic material with such a coating or at least one of the layers 6 such that a flow barrier between the two superimposed layers 6 is formed of soft magnetic material.

Basically, the magnetic field lines leading electrical sheets as metal parts in 1 and as in subsequent ones 3 and 8th is indicated by a dashed line, z. B. with additional connecting webs, not shown, etc. are held, comparable to the sheet metal parts of radially constructed synchronous reluctance motors, as hereinafter with reference to 13 and 14 is described. Such connecting webs can be used to hold the layers together 6 of the respective pole 5 of the rotor 2 , in all embodiments of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 be provided, in addition or alternatively to the Spaltfüllmaterial 8th and / or a holding material 9 , Such connecting webs are advantageous if no other connection z. B. over a plastic composite or adhesive composite, etc. provides. The connecting bridges are in 3 z. B. in the middle of a thin but still sufficiently stable design between the soft magnetic layers 6 provided and connect these together. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, a closed layer, for. B. the following in 8th shown disc 22 , on the ground in the direction of the air gap 4 to the stator 3 be provided.

Additionally or alternatively, as in the embodiment in FIG 1 and the following ones 3 to 7 shown a holding material 9 , In particular magnetically insulating holding material such as plastic, are provided as a holding mass, in which the poles 5 of the rotor 3 embedded or recorded. As a result, the axial and radial forces can be optimized for the Flußleitbereiche and give the rotor body additional mechanical stability. Furthermore, hereby also an improved acoustic behavior can be achieved. The plastic as a holding material 9 can also be used as gap filling material 8th as described above. Thus, the same material as a holding material 9 and gap filling material 8th used or any other material for the holding material 9 and the gap filling material 8th , depending on function and purpose.

Next to the rotor 3 is, as previously stated, a stator 2 provided, which with the rotor 3 the air gap 4 forms. The stator 2 has a return ring 10 with teeth 11 on, each with a coil winding 12 are provided. For the respective coil winding 12 can be a wire, z. As a metal wire such as an aluminum wire made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy or a copper wire, etc., or a metal strip, such as a metal foil, for. As a copper or aluminum foil can be used. The respective wire is z. B. provided with an electrically insulating coating as electrical insulation, the invention is not limited to this electrical insulation. When using an electrically conductive metal strip this may for example also be provided with an electrically insulating coating, for example, a chemical coatings, for. B. by phosphating, a nanoceramic coatings, z. Example, a ferrite ceramic, an anodized layer, a plastic layer, an electrically insulating adhesive layer and / or lacquer layer, etc. However, the invention is not limited to the examples of coatings mentioned. Any form of electrically insulating coating may be provided for the wire or metal strip, which may be for a coil winding 12 a stator 2 suitable is. In addition to an electrically insulating coating for electrical insulation of the wire or the metal strip of the coil winding 12 Furthermore, any other form or combination of electrical insulation may be provided, for example, the insertion of an electrically insulating layer z. B. a paper layer, a plastic layer, a box, etc ..

An electrically insulating coating, such as an anodized layer has the advantage, in particular in combination with a metal strip, such. As an aluminum foil that a very high winding density of the coil winding 12 and a good thermal behavior can be achieved.

The engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 with axial structure has the advantage that the stator 2 has no winding heads. Instead, a cylindrical coil winding can be used 12 generated and the entire coil winding are used for the magnetic field, such. B. also in the following 6 is shown. In addition to the described axial structure but also the aforementioned radial structure of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 possible, as in subsequent embodiments in the 13 and 14 is shown.

The stator 2 can in a preferred embodiment, as in the following with reference to the embodiment in the 3 to 7 described in more detail and in 12 is shown, for. B. from a return ring 10 with teeth 11 be formed, which are attached to this as separate components, for example by means of clamping, gluing, pressing, soldering and / or welding, for. B. Spot welding, etc .. The return ring 10 is made of several rolled into a ring and interconnected metal strip made of a soft magnetic material, eg. B. from an electrical sheet such as M 800 or M 530, M 330 and so forth. The same applies to the teeth 11 , which are also each constructed of such layered metal strips.

The individual rings made of metal strips of the return ring 10 as well as the teeth 11 the individual layered metal strips are also electrically isolated from each other. For electrical insulation of the rings of metal strip, a respective ring of a metal strip with an electrically insulating coating, for. B. an electrically insulating adhesive layer, a plastic layer, a lacquer layer, a ceramic and especially nanoceramic layer, a ferrite ceramic layer, a chemical coating z. B. by phosphating or anodizing, etc., be provided and / or it can be provided a layer of at least one electrically insulating material between two opposing or adjacent rings of sheet metal strip. The same applies to the electrical insulation of the layered metal strips of the respective tooth 11 of the stator 2 ,

By means of the construction of the return ring 10 made of several rings of sheet metal strips, which are electrically insulated from each other by an electrical insulation, can counteract the occurrence of undesirable eddy currents and their occurrence is preferably prevented or at least minimized.

As a sheet metal strip to form the rings of the return ring 10 and the teeth 11 For example, a metal strip made of a soft magnetic material, for. Example, a metal strip of a soft magnetic metal or a soft magnetic metal alloy, for example based on iron, nickel and / or cobalt, or a soft ferrite, such as a nickel-zinc ferrite NiZn, z. In the composition Ni _a Zn _(1-a) Fe ₂ O ₄ , or a manganese-zinc ferrite MnZn, e.g. In the composition Mn _a Zn _(1-a) Fe ₂ O ₄ , etc. can be used. Furthermore, the metal strip for forming the respective ring of the return ring 10 or tooth 11 be made of an electrical sheet, and so on. However, the invention is not limited to the metal alloys mentioned nor to electrical steel sheets. It can be any soft magnetic material which are used for the production of the return ring 10 and the teeth 11 suitable is.

The teeth 11 and the return ring 10 but may not be made of the same soft magnetic material. Instead, for example, for the teeth 11 another electrical steel sheet or metal alloy is used than for the return ring 10 , depending on function and purpose.

Furthermore, the return ring 10 and the teeth 11 of the stator 2 also made of a soft magnetic material such. B. a so-called. Soft Magnetic Composites (SMC) material or molded in a winding process into a package.

In addition, the teeth can 11 and / or the return ring 10 also be created as a fiber package (s). The same applies to the layers 6 made of soft magnetic material of the rotor 3 , and the flux barriers arranged therebetween, as well as the design of the rotor and / or stator of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention from at least one fiber packet as in the following 13 and 14 is shown by way of example.

It is at the layers 6 from the soft magnetic material of the rotor 2 instead of an electrical insulation provided a magnetic insulation, which may optionally be electrically insulating in addition. In a magnetic insulation with plastic as a magnetically non-conductive material, a distance between the layers 6 created. For layers 6 From a soft magnetic fiber package can in turn by a coating which creates a distance, for example between the soft magnetic fibers of the fiber package and / or two superposed fiber packets, the magnetic insulation made by the magnetically insulating coating and at the same time the electrical insulation can be achieved.

The fiber package has soft magnetic fibers and / or a soft magnetic fiber powder of a soft magnetic material, for. The fibers and / or the fiber powder can be arranged, for example, in a mold manually, mechanically and / or by applying at least one magnetic field in a desired orientation, for example along the field lines of the at least one magnetic field. The fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber material are also provided with additional electrical insulation in the case of stator components, such as the return ring 10 and the teeth 11 provided, and in the case of the rotor 2 provided with an additional magnetic insulation, which, as described above, optionally also can be additionally electrically insulating.

The electrical insulation or magnetic insulation can be applied as an electrically insulating coating or magnetically insulating coating on the fibers and / or on the finely chopped soft magnetic fibers of the fiber powder. Likewise, the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder may be impregnated or embedded in the electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material. In this case, for example, a lacquer and / or a plastic, etc. may be provided as an electrically insulating material and magnetically insulating material. Additionally or alternatively, a layer of an electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder of the fiber package can be provided as electrical insulation or magnetic insulation. Both electrically insulating and magnetically insulating, for example, a plastic film, a paper layer, a lacquer layer and / or a cardboard layer, etc. can be used.

The fiber package with its soft magnetic fibers and / or its soft magnetic fiber powder made of a soft magnetic material and the electrical insulation can in a mold to the desired finished return ring 10 or tooth 11 be pressed. In the case of a rotor 2 is made, the fiber package with its soft magnetic fibers and / or its soft magnetic fiber powder of a soft magnetic material and the magnetic insulation in a mold to the desired finished rotor 2 or finished pole (s) 5 of the rotor 2 be pressed

As stated above, the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder optionally additionally z. In a form manually, mechanically and / or by applying a magnetic field in a desired orientation, for example along the field lines of the magnetic field before, during and / or after being pressed in the mold.

This can be the teeth 11 of the stator 2 , which as separate components on the return ring 10 be attached, here instead of individually also initially formed as the return ring as a ring or toothed ring and pressed in the mold. Subsequently, the ring or toothed ring is then in the individual finished teeth 11 separated or divided.

The soft magnetic fiber package with its fibers and / or its fiber powder of a soft magnetic material can also be arranged in a mold and filled with an electrically insulating material as electrical insulation or with a magnetically insulating material as magnetic insulation. In this way, by means of the respective shape in an electrically insulating material of the finished return ring 10 , a single finished tooth 11 or first a toothed ring are produced, which subsequently in the individual teeth 11 separated or split. In the case of a magnetic insulation by a magnetically insulating material can by the corresponding shape, a rotor 2 or at least its pole (s) 5 getting produced. Optionally, a magnetic field for aligning the fibers and / or the fiber powder along the field lines of the magnetic field before, during and / or after the casting of the respective mold with the electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material can optionally also be effected. The application of the magnetic field after pouring preferably takes place before hardening or solidification of the electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material. Additionally or alternatively to the application of a magnetic field, the fibers and / or the fiber powder, for example in the respective form, can also be arranged manually and / or mechanically in a desired orientation, in particular along the field lines of a desired magnetic field. In addition to plastic, any other castable electrically insulating and subsequently hardening or solidifying material can be used as the electrically insulating material, which material is suitable for use in the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 suitable is. The same applies to the magnetically insulating material in the manufacture of the rotor. In both cases, an additional pressing or pressing of the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder can be dispensed with, or the fibers and / or the fiber powder before, during and / or after pouring with the electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material Depending on the function and purpose.

Furthermore, the fiber material of the fibers and / or the fiber powder of soft magnetic material can also be embedded in a plastic pellet and conveyed together with it in an extruder. The plastic is liquefied before the whole is sprayed as a finished injection molding material in a mold to form the finished return ring 10 , of the single tooth 11 or first of the toothed ring of the stator 2 , Since the plastic is also a magnetically insulating material at the same time, can also be a rotor in this way 2 or at least one pole (s) 5 of the rotor 2 getting produced.

Likewise, the extruder can be supplied with pure plastic pellets independently of each other, which have no additionally embedded such fiber material. The fiber material of fibers and / or fiber powder of a soft magnetic material is instead fed separately to the extruder and mixed therein with softened or liquefied plastic pellets before the mixture is injected into the associated mold to form the finished return ring 10 of the single tooth 11 or first of the toothed ring or the rotor or at least one pole 5 of the rotor 2 ,

In all casting or injection molding processes, as previously indicated, one or more magnetic fields may be applied so as to control the orientation of the soft magnetic fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber package and orient them within the associated shape according to the desired magnetic field line or course, optionally optionally additionally shaking or vibrating the mold to favor alignment. Additionally or alternatively, as stated above, it is also possible to arrange the fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber package manually and / or mechanically, preferably by automated means. The soft magnetic fibers embedded in the plastic should preferably be long-fiber depending on the application.

Furthermore, at least one further, in particular soft magnetic powder material may additionally be mixed in with the fibers and / or the fiber powder, for example by means of For example, a powder of SMC (Soft Magnetic Material) material, etc. Furthermore, one or more further elements can be embedded and integrated into the fiber package during manufacture. As such elements z. As bearing seats or bearings, shafts, sensors, actuators, cooling devices, magnets or diamagnetic or paramagnetic or superconducting material can be pressed.

However, the invention is based on the above-mentioned examples for the production of the stator 2 with his return ring 10 and the teeth 11 , as well as on the manufacture of the rotor 2 not limited. Any manufacturing method or combination of manufacturing methods which may be used to make a stator may be used 2 or rotor 3 is suitable or are. The same applies to the material of the stator 2 and in particular its return ring 10 and his teeth 11 , It can be any material for making the return ring 10 and the teeth 11 to be used for a stator 2 suitable is. The same applies to the rotor 3 and especially his poles 5 ,

In 2 is another highly simplified and purely schematic view of an embodiment of the rotor 3 the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown.

The rotor 3 indicates as before with reference to 1 described poles 5 each with a plurality of layers arranged one above the other 6 made of a soft magnetic material. In the in 2 Embodiment shown are as these layers 6 made of a soft magnetic material z. B. each fiber packets 13 intended. The fiber packages 13 are arranged one above the other and with a magnetic. Insulation designed as a flux barrier between them. As such magnetic insulation, an air layer may be provided.

The fiber package 13 can z. B. be made of an iron fiber material as a soft magnetic material or have this. The fibers and / or the chopped fibers of the fiber powder can, as previously with reference to 1 be provided with an additional magnetically insulating coating, embedded in an additionally magnetically insulating material or impregnated with this and / or a layer 25 made of a magnetically insulating material between two layers 6 be provided of fiber package, as for one of the poles 5 in example 2 is shown. As a magnetically insulating layer 25 or layer can be z. As a plastic film, etc. may be provided between two superimposed fiber packets 13 ,

The layers 6 from fiber packets 13 made of soft magnetic fibers and / or fiber powder with the magnetic insulation may additionally be pressed and / or embedded in plastic, which, for example, as magnetic insulation and holding material in the embodiment in 4 can serve.

The fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 may further in a preferred embodiment, as previously with reference to 1 be arranged additionally aligned by applying at least one magnetic field, by manual placement and / or by machine and in particular automated arranging the fibers and / or the fiber powder.

In this case, the fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 along theoretical flow field lines of at least one magnetic field. When using iron fiber material as material for the fibers or the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 For example, the iron material has comparable properties to electrical sheet qualities. The fibers or the chopped fibers of the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 can be provided with an additional coating that serves as a flux barrier and is magnetically insulating comparable to 1 , As such a magnetically insulating coating, it is possible, for example, to provide a nanoceramic coating, a phosphor coating layer or an anodized coating, but any other suitable magnetically insulating coatings may also be provided.

In addition to a magnetically insulating coating of the fibers and / or the finely chopped fibers of the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 , as well as a paramagnetic coating or a diamagnetic coating of the fibers or the chopped fibers of the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 possible and advantageous. The large number of fibers and flux barriers leads to a compact design. The mechanical strength can be achieved by a holding material 9 , like plastic as plastic grout, are additionally optimized.

As already related to 1 has been described, the rotor can 3 through layers 6 from fiber packets 13 be produced from a soft magnetic material, wherein the fiber packets 13 are embedded in plastic, as an example of a magnetically insulating material, and are produced as an injection molded part or pressed part. As also previously with reference to 1 described by applying at least one external magnetic field and optionally by additional shaking or vibrating the orientation of the fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber package 13 especially in the plastic melt.

As also previously with reference to 1 described, the fibers of the fiber package 13 comparable to the known long-glass fiber plastic materials, as embedded in plastic pellets fibers, eg. B. long and / or short fibers, fed from a soft magnetic material to an extruder of an injection molding machine and in an associated form for the rotor 3 be injected. Likewise, as previously also with reference to 1 has been described, such fibers, in particular long and / or short fibers, fed from a soft magnetic material separated from the plastic pellets on the extruder path to the liquefied plastic pellets and then into a corresponding shape for producing the rotor 2 or at least one pole 6 be injected.

In the 3 to 7 is another embodiment of the motor and / or invention or generator device 1 shown. 3 shows a perspective view and 4 a sectional view of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 , Next is in 5 a section of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 according to the 3 and 4 shown in a perspective view. 6 again shows a perspective view of the stator 2 and 7 a perspective view of the rotor 3 the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 according to the 3 - 5 ,

In this embodiment, the poles 5 of the rotor 3 for example, from layers arranged one above the other 6 made of a soft magnetic material, for. B. soft magnetic metal sheet, such as. B. electrical sheet formed. The respective gap 7 between two metal sheets arranged one above the other is additionally provided with a gap filling material 8th in the embodiment in 3 - 7 filled in, for example, a plastic. The plastic is in this embodiment additionally at the same time as a holding material 9 for the poles 5 of the rotor 3 used. This has the advantage that a particularly stable and easy to handle rotor 3 can be provided. As already detailed with respect to the 1 and 2 Any other gap filling material may also be described 8th used or instead of the additional Spaltfüllmaterials 8th Air in the gap 7 between two superimposed layers 6 be provided from a soft magnetic material. Also can on an additional holding material 9 be omitted, as in the following embodiment in the 8th and 9 is shown. As before with reference to 1 can be executed in the embodiment in the 3 to 7 in addition or to the gap filling material 8th and / or the retaining material 9 , one or more connecting bridges 26 at the layers 6 , z. B. in the form of Metallbelchen or sheet metal parts, the respective pole 5 of the rotor 2 be provided for connecting at least two layers 6 , That way, the layers can 6 from the soft magnetic material of the rotor 2 through the connecting webs 26 optionally also be kept without the additional Spaltfüllmaterial 8th and / or the additional holding material 9 , wherein the connecting webs 26 are preferably formed as thin as possible. For soft magnetic metal sheets as layers 6 It is conceivable that the metal sheets with the connecting webs 26 punched or cut and then folded accordingly or mechanically deformed to form the respective pole 5 of the rotor 2 , The connecting bridges 26 can thereby on only one or at least two sides, z. B. two opposite sides or ends, etc., of the respective layers 6 of the pole 5 of the rotor 2 , be provided, etc.

Outside on the rotor 3 is a wave device 14 arranged with a wave 15 which rotates in the stator 2 is stored as in the sectional view in 4 is shown.

The rotor 3 forms with the stator 2 an air gap 4 out, as before with reference to 1 has been described.

The stator 2 further indicates in the in 3 - 7 shown embodiment teeth 11 on, which as separate components on the return ring 10 of the stator 2 are attached. The return ring 10 can also be in one piece with your teeth 11 be formed as previously with respect to 1 has been described.

The teeth 11 , are like in 4 is shown, for example, in each associated wells 16 of the stator 2 attached, z. As by gluing, pressing, welding and / or soldering, etc. The invention is, however, neither on this embodiment of the teeth 11 in 4 still on the attachment by gluing, pressing, clamping, welding and / or soldering to the return ring 10 limited.

Like also in 4 and later 12 shown are the teeth 11 for example, from layered sheet metal stiffeners 27 constructed, which are electrically insulated from each other, by an electrically insulating coating and / or by inserting a layer of at least one electrically insulating material, as previously with reference to 1 has been described. The return ring 10 can also be formed from rings of metal strips, which are also electrically insulated from each other, as previously in 1 has been described and in the following 12 is shown. Likewise, the return ring 10 also from z. B. a soft magnetic fiber package, a soft magnetic material such. Juice magnetically composite (SMC) material, or formed into a package in a winding process as previously described with reference to FIG 1 has been described.

As in 4 can be shown, the return ring 10 integral with a bearing receiver 18 be configured to support a shaft, such as the shaft 15 the one with the rotor 3 connected shaft device 14 , Likewise, the bearing reception 18 Also as not shown separate component with the return ring 10 be connected. As storage is in the example in 4 a ball bearing assembly 19 shown. Depending on the function and intended use, however, it is also possible to provide any other type of bearing or bearing which is used to support a shaft of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 is suitable or are.

The teeth 11 of the stator 2 show in the 4 shown embodiment for the respective coil winding 12 for example, a metal strip 20 on. Instead of a metal strip 20 , such as As a metal foil, and a wire, not shown, for. As aluminum or copper wire, etc., for the respective coil winding 12 used as previously with reference to 1 has been described. The wire or the metal strip are with an electrical insulation, eg. B. an electrically insulating coating or other suitable electrical insulation, as previously described in detail with reference to 1 has been described.

Here are the electrical contacting of the respective coil winding 12 respective sections 21 the coil winding 12 through the stator 2 and in particular its return ring 10 passed.

As in 6 shown, point the teeth 11 of the stator 2 as before regarding 1 was executed, a cylindrical coil winding 12 and no winding heads. The cylindrical coil winding 12 It must not necessarily have a circular cross-section as a cylindrical winding, but may, as in 4 shown, for. B. also has a quadrangular cross section, in particular a trapezoidal cross section, or any other cross section, including z. B. have a round, oval and / or square cross-section.

As before with reference to 1 has been described, the absence of winding heads has the advantage that the entire coil winding 12 can be used for the magnetic field.

In the 8th and 9 is another embodiment of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown. 8th shows a side view and 9 a perspective view of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 ,

This embodiment in the 8th and 9 has substantially the same structure as the embodiment in the 3 to 7 and, as previously in 1 and 2 is shown, so that the description of this in the 1 - 7 Is referred to to avoid unnecessary repetition. In the 8th and 9 are the sections of the coil windings 12 through the stator 3 not shown for connecting the coil windings for reasons of clarity.

The embodiment in the 8th and 9 is different from the one before in the 3 to 7 shown embodiment only in that at the poles 5 of the rotor 3 of superimposed and spaced apart layers 6 made of a soft magnetic material, for. B. soft magnetic metal sheet or metal strip, such. B. electrical sheet, the respective gap 7 between two superimposed layers 6 of soft magnetic material in the embodiment in 8th and 9 filled with air and not with an additional Spaltfüllmaterial. Likewise, no additional holding material in the embodiment in the 8th and 9 in contrast to the embodiment in the 3 - 7 intended. Instead, the ends of the layers 6 made of a soft magnetic material, for example with an annular preferably thin as possible disc 22 connected as previously with respect to the 1 and 3 was cited. The disc 22 is for example made of a non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive material, such. B. plastic. The disc 22 can also be made of a soft magnetic material, which is advantageous for the engine.

The ends of the layers 6 from the soft magnetic material can on the disc 22 be attached z. B. by gluing, by embedding in the disc material, for. B. the plastic as in 8th and 9 , or by any other suitable fastening method or combination of fastening methods with the disc 22 be connected. Instead of a slice 22 it is also conceivable that the poles 5 with their layers 6 from the soft magnetic material, for example on its inner circumference or outer circumference with a corresponding inner ring or outer ring additionally or alternatively to the disc 22 , at least partially connected. The outer ring and / or inner ring may also, for example, of a non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive material, such. B. be made of plastic. The layers 6 from the soft magnetic material may be attached at least in sections at its outer periphery and / or inner circumference to the associated outer ring or inner ring z. B. by gluing, by embedding in the ring material, for. As a plastic, or be connected by any other suitable fastening method or combination of fastening methods with the associated outer ring or inner ring.

Additionally or alternatively to the disc 22 and in particular the inner ring and / or outer ring can, as previously with reference to the 1 and 3 One or more of them were also executed with reference to 1 can be executed in the embodiment in the 3 to 7 in addition or to the gap filling material 8th and / or the retaining material 9 , one or more connecting bridges 26 at the layers 6 , z. B. in the form of sheet metal parts, the respective pole 5 of the rotor 2 be provided for connecting at least two layers 6 , That way, the layers can 6 from the soft magnetic material of the rotor 2 through the connecting webs 26 optionally also be kept without the additional Spaltfüllmaterial 8th and / or the additional holding material 9 , wherein the connecting webs 26 It is preferably formed as thin as possible. For sheet metal parts as layers 6 It is conceivable that the sheet metal parts with the connecting webs 26 punched or cut and then folded or mechanically deformed accordingly to form the respective pole of the rotor 2 , Furthermore, as previously described, an additionally or alternatively a closed layer, e.g. B. the following in 8th shown disc 22 , on the ground in the direction of the air gap 4 to the stator 3 be provided.

In the 10 and 11 is another embodiment of the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown. 10 shows a section of the stator 2 and a pole 5 of the rotor 3 in a perspective view. 11 again shows a perspective view of the pole 5 of the rotor 3 according to 10 ,

This embodiment in the 10 and 11 has substantially the same structure as the embodiment in the 8th and 9 , and may have features as previously described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,316,488, 5,380,688 1 - 7 shown and described, so to the description of the 1 - 9 Is referred to to avoid unnecessary repetition.

That in the 10 and 11 embodiment shown differs from that in the 8th and 9 as well as previously in the in 3 - 7 shown embodiment in that at the poles 5 of the rotor 3 the superimposed and spaced apart layers 6 from one or more pieces of wire 23 are formed of a soft magnetic material. In the in 10 and 11 The example shown is a respective layer 6 from several juxtaposed pieces of wire 23 formed of a soft magnetic material. Furthermore, the pieces of wire 23 every layer 6 each with a magnetically insulating and optionally non-electrically conductive coating 24 provided, as in the 10 and 11 is shown for forming a corresponding flux barrier between the pieces of wire 23 as a flux-conducting region and in particular for forming a flux barrier between two layers arranged one above the other 6 made of pieces of wire 23 , In the embodiment in the 10 and 11 are for example three layers 6 from such coated wire pieces 23 intended. However, the invention is not limited to three such layers 6 still on the number of wire pieces shown 23 limited. In particular, only two or more than three such layers may be used 6 from coated wire pieces 23 be provided, depending on the function and purpose.

In 10 is just one of several poles 5 of the rotor 3 shown. The pole shown 5 can as previously in the embodiments in the 1 - 7 about an additional holding material, eg. As plastic, be connected to the other poles or over the previously described and in the 8th and 9 shown disc, and / or on a previously with respect to the 8th and 9 described outer ring and / or inner ring, etc. .. However, the invention is based on the examples mentioned for connecting the individual poles 5 of the rotor 3 not limited. Any form of connection of the poles may be provided for use with a rotor 3 is suitable and forming the air gap 4 between rotor 3 and stator 2 allowed.

Instead of the pieces of wire 23 It is also conceivable to use fibers, in particular long fibers, of a soft magnetic material and to arrange one above the other as layers of soft magnetic material. The fibers can be z. B. also with a magnetically insulating coating 24 be provided and / or be embedded in a magnetically insulating material and / or a magnetically insulating layer, be provided between the individual layers of the fibers to form a respective flow barrier. The magnetic insulation can optionally also be electrically insulating.

As previously exemplified with reference to the 1 to 11 is described, a respective flux barrier at one pole of the rotor can be formed both in the form of a gap between the layers of soft magnetic material, which can optionally be additionally at least partially filled with a magnetically insulating gap filling material, and / or by, for example, coating, impregnation. and / or embedding the layers or their soft magnetic material components with a magnetically insulating material to provide respective flux barriers. The layers of soft magnetic material may be formed both as soft magnetic metal sheets as well as soft magnetic fiber packets, etc., as described above.

Furthermore, a paramagnetic material and a diamagnetic material can also be used, for example as gap filling material or for coating fibers and / or finely chopped fibers of the fiber powder of a fiber packet, etc.

As also previously described, in the manufacture of the stator, in particular of the return ring and / or its teeth, as well as the rotor with its poles such fiber packets of a fiber material with fibers and / or fiber powder are produced.

The teeth of the stator, which are manufactured as separate components, as described above and then attached to the return ring, can be formed as individual teeth and attached to the associated return ring of the stator, as described above.

The motor and / or generator device according to the invention has the advantage that it allows a compact and lightweight design.

Furthermore, a flat construction can be achieved by the use of films as the active material for the coil windings, whereby a high degree of filling is achieved. Furthermore, high torques are possible. In addition, a high efficiency for the magnetless motor and / or generator device is possible. Furthermore, a simple separation of the installation space of the stator and rotor can be achieved, which is particularly important in a media separation, such. B. is relevant to a pump. It also requires no dip tube but can run the rotor in the medium and separate the stator by a flat and very thin separation layer in the air gap of the medium. Since no magnetic material, such. As rare earth permanent magnets, is present, one has the advantage of temperature insensitivity. In addition, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention is inexpensive.

In 12 is an embodiment for a stator 2 the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown in a perspective view, wherein the stator 2 thereby, as described above, a return ring 10 with separately attached teeth 11 having.

The teeth 11 are made of layered sheet metal stiffeners 27 built up. The particular tooth 11 of the stator 2 is made of several layered metal strips 27 formed, which are electrically isolated from each other or largely isolated from each other electrically, wherein for electrical insulation of the layered metal strip 27 at least one tooth 11 from each other and for fixing the layered metal strips 27 to each other an adhesive coating as an adhesive bond and simultaneous electrical insulation on at least one of the respective metal strip 27 of the tooth 11 is provided. Likewise, for electrical insulation of the layered metal strip 27 of the at least one tooth 11 from each other and for fixing the layered metal strips 27 to each other, the metal strips 27 each have at least one electrically insulating coating and be connected to an additional adhesive for electrically insulating the metal strip 27 from each other by the electrically insulating coating, while at the same time the layered metal strips 27 be attached to each other by means of the additional adhesive.

The return ring 10 is also out to wrestling 28 shaped metal strips 27 formed, which are also connected to each other and electrically isolated from each other. The return ring 10 from several rings 28 from sheet metal strips 27 constructed, which are electrically isolated from each other or largely isolated from each other electrically. For electrical insulation of metal strips 27 The Rings 28 from each other and for fixing the rings 28 from sheet metal strips 27 An adhesive coating as an adhesive bond and simultaneous electrical insulation on at least one of the sheet metal strips is provided to one another. Alternatively, at least one electrically insulating coating of the sheet metal strips may also be used 27 The Rings 28 be connected with an additional adhesive for electrically insulating the rings 28 from each other by the electrically insulating coating and at the same time attaching the rings 28 by means of the additional adhesive to each other.

In the special in 12 shown embodiment of the stator 2 extend the two outermost metal strips 27 on the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the respective tooth 11 over z. B. in each case the entire width of the return ring. The teeth 11 can be pressed in this way on the return ring or clamped or placed and optionally additionally attached by gluing, welding, z. B. spot welding, crimping, etc. The teeth 11 may also terminate flush with the top of the return ring or extend with at least one outer metal strip, only over a portion of the width or the entire width of the return ring and in the latter case the protruding portion of the outermost strip of metal of the tooth 11 formed on the return ring, z. B. folded or crimped, etc.

In 13 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a rotor 3 a further embodiment of a motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown in radial construction. In the 13 shown motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 is, for example, a radial reluctance motor, in particular a radial synchronous reluctance motor. Likewise, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 also z. B. a radial reluctance generator, in particular a synchronous reluctance generator, etc ..

As previously stated, the rotor 2 and / or the stator of the motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 in radial construction of at least one soft magnetic fiber package 13 made or at least have on. Embodiments of such fiber packets 13 have been previously referring to the 1 - 11 described in detail, so that reference is made to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In 13 is the rotor 3 for example, from one or more soft magnetic fiber packets 13 educated. The respective soft magnetic fiber package 13 has soft magnetic fibers and / or a soft magnetic fiber powder of a soft magnetic material, for. As an electric sheet material, etc. .. The fibers and / or the fiber powder can, for example, in a form manually, mechanically and / or z. B. by applying at least one magnetic field in a desired orientation, for example, along the field lines of the at least one magnetic field. Through the fiber, which are preferably aligned in the direction of or substantially in the direction of the magnetic field lines, the magnetic flux is directed in a preferred direction, which is advantageous for this type of motor. Also the stator, including the below in 14 shown stator, this type of motor and / or generator can advantageously produce from fiber material comparable to the synchronous reluctance SRM motor or from metal strips, such as for the stator in 12 shown and in the 1 - 11 is described. In this context, reference is made to the description of the 1 - 12 Referenced to avoid unnecessary repetition.

The fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber material of the rotor 3 are also provided with an additional magnetic insulation, which as before with reference to the 1 to 11 has been described, in the case of the rotor 3 optionally also be electrically insulating in addition.

Between the in 13 radially or juxtaposed radially arranged layers 6 from the soft magnetic material, here one or more fiber packets 13 , are similar to the ones previously with respect to the 1 - 11 described column 7 , also column 28 or recesses provided as magnetic barriers 29 or river barriers. In this way, change at the respective pole 5 of the rotor 3 Flußleitbereiche and flux barriers such as those previously with respect to the 1 - 12 described motor and / or generator device according to the invention in axial design, z. As an axial flux synchronous reluctance motor or axial flux synchronous reluctance generator from.

As also previously with reference to the 1 - 11 This column can be described 28 or recesses with air and / or at least the described Spaltfüllmaterial 8th at least partially or completely completed.

The rotor 3 points as in 13 shown is a passage or opening 30 for performing the shaft of the motor and / or generator device.

The magnetic insulation and optionally additional electrical insulation of the soft magnetic fiber package 13 can, as previously with respect to the 1 - 12 has been described as magnetically insulating coating and optionally additionally applied electrical insulating coating on the soft magnetic fibers and / or on the finely chopped soft magnetic fibers of the fiber powder. Likewise, the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder with the magnetically insulating material and optionally additionally impregnated electrically insulating material or be embedded therein. In this case, for example, as a magnetically insulating material and electrically insulating material, for example, a lacquer and / or a plastic, etc. may be provided. Additionally or alternatively, a layer of a magnetically insulating and optionally additionally electrically insulating material between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder of the fiber package can be provided as magnetic insulation and optionally additional electrical insulation. Both magnetically insulating and electrically insulating, for example, a plastic film, a paper layer, a lacquer layer, a superconductor, in the form of a film or coating, etc., and / or a cardboard layer, etc. can be used.

In 14 is furthermore a sectional view through a further motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 shown in radial construction. In the 14 shown motor and / or generator device according to the invention 1 is for example also a radial reluctance motor, in particular radial synchronous reluctance motor. Likewise, the engine and / or generator device according to the invention 1 also z. B. a radial reluctance generator, in particular a synchronous reluctance generator, etc ..

As in 14 is shown are the rotor 3 and the stator 2 arranged one another in the radial direction and form an air gap 4 in between. Furthermore, in the in 14 shown embodiment, both rotor 3 and stator 2 each of one or more soft magnetic fiber packages 13 produced. It can only be the rotor 3 or the stator may be made of a soft magnetic fiber material.

The rotor 3 is with several rotor poles or poles 5 , for example, four distinct poles 5 educated. The stator 3 again has a return ring 10 and several teeth 11 , z. B. six teeth 11 , on, each with a coil winding 12 are provided.

The rotor 3 points as in 13 shown is a passage or opening 30 for passing the shaft of the motor and / or generator device 1 on.

A respective fiber package 13 , which is used to make the rotor 3 or the stator 2 has soft magnetic fibers and / or a soft magnetic fiber powder of a soft magnetic material, for. As an electric sheet material, etc., as previously with reference to the 1 - 13 has been described. The fibers and / or the fiber powder can be arranged, for example, in a mold manually, mechanically and / or by applying at least one magnetic field in a desired orientation, for example along the field lines of the at least one magnetic field. As a result, as described above, the fiber orientation of the soft-magnetic fiber material can be oriented in accordance with the field line course.

The fibers and / or the fiber powder of the fiber material are also provided with additional electrical insulation in the case of stator components, such as the return ring 10 and the teeth 11 provided, and in the case of the rotor 2 provided with an additional magnetic insulation, which, as described above, optionally also can be additionally electrically insulating.

The electrical insulation or magnetic insulation can be applied as an electrically insulating coating or magnetically insulating coating on the fibers and / or on the finely chopped soft magnetic fibers of the fiber powder. Likewise, the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder may be impregnated or embedded in the electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material. In this case, for example, a lacquer and / or a plastic, etc. may be provided as an electrically insulating material and magnetically insulating material. Additionally or alternatively, a layer of an electrically insulating material or magnetically insulating material between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fibers and / or the soft magnetic fiber powder of the fiber package can be provided as electrical insulation or magnetic insulation. Both electrically insulating and magnetically insulating, for example, a plastic film, a paper layer, a lacquer layer and / or a cardboard layer, etc. can be used.

The fiber package with its soft magnetic fibers and / or its soft magnetic fiber powder made of a soft magnetic material and the electrical insulation can in a mold to the desired finished return ring 10 or tooth 11 be pressed. In the case that the rotor 3 can be made, the fiber package 13 with its soft magnetic fibers and / or its soft magnetic fiber powder of a soft magnetic material and the magnetic insulation in a mold to the desired finished rotor 3 or finished pole (s) 5 of the rotor 3 be pressed.

With respect to the 13 and 14 described embodiments of rotor 3 and stator 2 , that or the fiber pacts can 13 as before in the 1 - 12 Be described in addition to be pressed or produced for example by injection molding or casting and embedded in plastic in this case. In this case, for example, an additional pressing is not essential. Furthermore, additional elements can be integrated into the respective fiber package (s) of the rotor or stator, as described above with reference to FIGS 1 - 12 also described.

The previously with respect to the 1 - 14 possibly described soft magnetic fiber material Incl. A fiber coating of the at least one fiber packet can optionally be additionally sintered for the production of the stator or parts of the stator, such as return ring and teeth, as well as for the production of the rotor or at least one pole of the rotor.

In a further exemplary embodiment, the teeth of the stator can be provided with electrical insulation at least in at least one subregion, wherein an electrically insulating coating can be provided as electrical insulation, which is applied to the tooth, for example, by a powder coating method and / or by a dip coating can.

Although the present invention based on preferred embodiments with reference to the 1 to 14 is fully described above, it is not limited thereto, but modifiable in a variety of ways. The embodiments as with respect to the 1 to 14 have been described are also with each other combinable, in particular individual features thereof.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Motor and / or generator device

2

stator

3

rotor

4

air gap

5

pole

6

Layer of soft magnetic material

7

gap

8th

gap filler

9

retaining material

10

Return ring

11

tooth

12

coil winding

13

fiber package

14

shaft means

15

wave

16

Recess (stator)

18

bearing seat

19

ball-bearing

20

metal strips

21

Section of the coil winding

22

annular disc

23

piece of wire

24

coating

25

magnetically insulating layer

26

connecting web

27

metal strip

28

gap

29

magnetic barrier

30

opening

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102014109464 A1 [0003, 0045]
• DE 102010004769 A1 [0004]
• EP 1717947 [0004]

Claims (17)

Motor and / or generator device ( 1 ) comprising: a stator ( 2 ), and a rotor ( 3 ) in axial construction, wherein in particular substantially the reluctance forces or reluctance torques are used, wherein the rotor ( 3 ) several poles ( 5 ), the respective pole ( 5 ) several superimposed layers ( 6 ) of a soft magnetic material, with an intermediate flux barrier, and wherein the rotor ( 3 ) and stator ( 2 ) are arranged in the axial direction to each other and an air gap ( 4 ) train in between. Motor and / or generator device ( 1 ) comprising: a stator ( 2 ), and a rotor ( 3 ) in radial construction, wherein the rotor ( 3 ) several poles ( 5 ), the respective pole ( 5 ) multiple layers ( 6 ) made of a soft magnetic material, with an intervening flux barrier, wherein the rotor ( 3 ) and stator ( 2 ) are arranged in the radial direction to each other and an air gap ( 4 ) form between them and wherein the at least one layer ( 6 ) of the rotor ( 3 ) and / or at least part of the stator ( 2 ) at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) or is formed from this, wherein the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) comprises a soft magnetic fiber material. Motor and / or generator device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the layers ( 6 ) of a soft magnetic material at least one fiber packet ( 13 ), at least one layer of pieces of wire ( 23 ), at least one layer of fibers, in particular long chamfers, made of a soft magnetic material, and / or at least one metal sheet, in particular electrical steel, is. Motor and / or generator device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that between two superimposed axially or mutually radially arranged layers ( 6 ) From the soft magnetic material, a gap ( 7 . 28 ), the gap ( 7 . 28 ) with air and / or at least one gap filling material ( 8th ) is filled to form the flow barrier between the two superimposed or radially arranged layers ( 6 ) made of the soft magnetic material. Motor and / or generator device according to claim 4, characterized in that the gap filling material ( 8th ) at least one Spaltfüllmaterialstreifen, a Spaltfüllmaterialschicht, a Spaltfüllmaterialmasse, Spaltfüllmaterialbeschichtung and / or Spaltfüllmaterialfolie is wherein the Spaltfüllmaterial ( 8th ) is in particular a magnetically insulating gap filling material, preferably paper, cardboard, plastic, lacquer, ceramic, and / or a superconductor, and / or wherein the gap filling material ( 8th ) is a diamagnetic material and / or paramagnetic material. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the poles ( 5 ) of the rotor ( 3 ) on an annular disc ( 22 ), on an inner ring, on an outer ring, on at least one connecting web ( 26 ) and / or are interconnected by means of a holding material. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator ( 2 ) a return ring ( 10 ) and at least two teeth ( 11 ), which are formed in one piece or as separate components and attached to each other. Motor and / or generator device according to claim 7, characterized in that the return ring ( 10 ) is constructed of a plurality of rings of sheet metal strips, which are electrically isolated from each other, wherein the teeth ( 11 ) are each formed of a plurality of layered metal strips which are electrically insulated from each other, and wherein the teeth are attached to the return ring in particular by gluing, welding, soldering, press-fitting and / or clamping. Motor and / or generator device according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the return ring ( 10 ) and / or the teeth ( 11 ) from at least one fiber packet ( 13 ), wherein the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) comprises as soft magnetic fiber material soft magnetic fibers and / or a fiber powder of finely chopped soft magnetic fibers, wherein for electrically insulating the soft magnetic fiber material, an electrically insulating layer between at least two layers of the soft magnetic fiber material is provided and / or wherein the fibers of the fiber material with an electrically insulating coating are provided and / or wherein the fiber material is impregnated in an electrically insulating material or embedded therein. Motor and / or generator device according to claim 2 to 9, characterized in that the electrically insulating coating of the fibers of the fiber material, a chemical coating, in particular a layer formed by phosphating the fibers or coating, a nanoceramic coating, in particular Ferrite ceramic layer, a plastic coating, a lacquer layer and / or an anodized layer. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the rotor ( 3 ) and in particular the at least one layer ( 6 ) of a soft magnetic material of the rotor ( 3 ) from the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ), wherein the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) as a soft magnetic fiber material soft magnetic fibers and / or a fiber powder of finely chopped soft magnetic fibers, wherein for the magnetic isolation of the soft magnetic fiber material, a magnetically insulating bearing ( 25 ) between at least two layers ( 6 ) of the soft magnetic fiber material is provided and / or wherein the fibers of the fiber material are provided with a magnetically insulating coating and / or wherein the fiber material is impregnated or embedded in a magnetically insulating material. Motor and / or generator device according to claim 11, characterized in that the magnetically insulating coating of the fibers of the fiber material is a chemical coating, in particular a layer or coating formed by phosphating the fibers, a nanoceramic coating, in particular ferrite ceramic layer, a plastic coating, a lacquer layer, an anodized layer. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one paramagnetic layer and / or at least one diamagnetic layer between at least two layers ( 6 ) from the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) is provided. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) is additionally sintered. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers of the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) are aligned such that the fibers have a predetermined course and in particular as possible follow the theoretical course of magnetic field lines at least one magnetic field. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic fiber material of the at least one fiber packet ( 13 ) is not further compressed or additionally compressed, in particular uniformly compressed or has at least two sections with a different compression. Motor and / or generator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two teeth ( 11 ) of the stator ( 2 ) each with a coil winding ( 12 ), wherein the coil winding ( 12 ) comprises an electrically conductive wire, in particular an electrically conductive metal wire, or an electrically conductive strip, in particular an electrically conductive metal foil, wherein the electrically conductive wire or the electrically conductive strip is provided with an electrical insulation, preferably an electrically insulating coating and or a respective electrically insulating layer between the respective windings.

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