DE102016123103A1 - Tillage machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil cultivating machine (10), comprising a main gear (40) arranged in a gearbox (20, 20a, 20b) and adapted to be connected to a main drive, a transfer case (42) housed in a gearbox (22) is arranged and adapted to transmit the output torque of the main gear (40) to a plurality of soil working tools (30a, 30b) carrying rotary shafts (28a-28j), and a fluid circuit (32) by means of which the lubricant of the main gear (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42) are heat-transmitting coupled together.

Description

The invention relates to a soil cultivation machine according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for operating a soil cultivation machine according to the preamble of patent claim 8.

Generic tillage machines, such as rotary cultivator or rotary harrow, have a main gear and a transfer case. The main transmission is usually arranged in a transmission housing and adapted to be connected to a main drive. The main drive can be, for example, the PTO of a tractor. The transfer case is disposed in a transmission pan and adapted to transmit the output torque of the main transmission to a plurality of tillage tools carrying rotary shafts.

The tillage tools are guided by the rotating driven centrifugal waves through the soil and cause loosening and crumbling of the soil.

The main transmission and the transfer case are lubricated in some known tillage machines with separate lubricants, which have suitable properties for the respective gear type. Such trained as harrow tillage machine is for example from the document DE 10 2008 020 849 A1 known.

However, it has been shown that the lubricant of the main transmission due to the high mechanical power to be transmitted and the relatively small amount of lubricant heated much more than the lubricant of the transfer case. Excessive heating of the main gear lubricant can degrade the lubricating properties of the lubricant, creating a significant risk of damaging the main gearbox.

Furthermore, solutions are known in which cooling means are used for the lubricant of the main transmission. However, such cooling devices are relatively expensive and require a high installation cost.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a way to be able to cool the lubricant of the main gear of a tillage machine cost and without high assembly costs for the required components, so that the lubricant maintains its properties even in the transmission of high mechanical performance.

The object is achieved by a soil working machine of the type mentioned, which has a fluid circuit by means of which the lubricant of the main gear and the lubricant of the transfer case are heat-coupled together.

The invention makes use of the knowledge that the lubricant of the transfer case has a sufficient heat capacity to cool the lubricant of the main transmission can. By the heat transfer coupling of the lubricant of the main gear and the lubricant of the transfer case through the fluid circuit sufficient heat can be transferred from the lubricant of the main gear to the lubricant of the transfer case, that the lubricant of the main gear does not exceed the intended operating temperatures, even at a high mechanical power to be transmitted , In this way, it is possible to dispense with a separate cooling device for the lubricant of the main transmission, whereby a cost-effective and easy-to-integrate lubricant cooling for the main transmission is implemented. The housing of the transfer case derives the introduced into the lubricant heat to the ambient air. This is possible due to the large area of the transfer case in a very effective manner.

The main transmission may have one or more gear stages. If the main transmission has multiple gear stages, one or more gear stages may be arranged in the gear housing. The main gear may also have a plurality of gear housing, wherein the fluid circuit, by means of which the lubricant of the main gear and the lubricant of the transfer case are heat-transmitting coupled to each other, fluidly connected in fluid communication with one, several or all of the plurality of gear housing. Preferably, the main gear on a gear stage, which is designed as a spur gear. Alternatively or additionally, the main gear may have a gear stage, which is designed as a bevel gear. Preferably, the main gear is adapted to be connected to the PTO of a tractor. Preferably, the main transmission has one or more gear pairs, wherein the gears for changing the gear ratio can be interchangeable and / or interchangeable. When the gear pair is formed as a pair of bevel gears, gears are with a Number of teeth in a range of 15 to 30 teeth, in particular 20, 22, 23 or 25 teeth, preferably. When the gear pair is formed as a pair of spur gear, gears with a number of teeth in a range of 15 to 50 teeth, in particular 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 29, 34, 36, 39 or 43 teeth are preferred.

Preferably, the transmission housing of the main transmission has a lower lubricant capacity than the transmission trough of the transfer case. In particular, the transmission housing of the main transmission has a lubricant charge in a range of 1 liter to 6 liters, preferably 1.4 liters, 3.5 liters, 4.5 liters, 5.0 liters or 5.5 liters. In particular, the transmission trough of the transfer case has a lubricant content in a range of 20 to 40 liters, preferably 21 liters, 25 liters, 30 liters or 35 liters. The lubricant of the main transmission and / or the lubricant of the transfer case may be formed as oil, wherein the fluid circuit may be an oil circuit. Preferably, the lubricant of the main transmission is designed as a transmission oil SAE 90 EP GL4. Preferably, the lubricant of the transfer case is designed as transmission oil of the type CLP / CKC 460 and / or according to DIN 51517, Part 3 / ISO 12925.

In a preferred embodiment of the tillage machine according to the invention, the main transmission and the transfer case are lubricated by a common lubricant which circulates in the fluid circuit. By lubricating the main transmission and the transfer case by a common lubricant, the amounts of lubricant in the transmission housing of the main transmission and in the transmission pan of the transfer case are mixed by the lubricant circulation. The use of a common lubricant is particularly preferred when a lubricant with identical properties can be used for the main transmission and the transfer case.

The tillage machine according to the invention is further developed advantageous in that the fluid circuit comprises a conveyor which promotes lubricant from the transmission housing of the main transmission to the transmission trough of the transfer case. Alternatively or additionally, the conveyor promotes lubricant from the transmission trough of the transfer case to the transmission housing of the main transmission. The conveyor preferably comprises a feed pump, which may be designed as an oil feed pump. In particular, the conveyor may be connected to a control unit, by means of which the flow rate or the volume or mass flow of the circulating within the fluid circuit lubricant can be adjusted. The setting can be done, for example, manually or as a function of the temperature of the lubricant of the main transmission. Further, the controller may be configured to automatically activate and / or deactivate the conveyor. Furthermore, a filter device which is set up to filter the lubricant circulating within the fluid circuit can be integrated within the fluid circuit. The conveyor and / or the filter device can be arranged between the transmission housing of the main transmission and the transmission trough of the transfer case.

However, the conveyor and / or the filter device can also be arranged in the transmission housing of the main transmission or the transmission trough of the transfer case.

In another preferred embodiment of the tillage machine according to the invention, the main gear and the transfer case are each lubricated by separate lubricants, wherein the lubricant of the main gear in the fluid circuit circulates. The lines of the fluid circuit are thus fluidly connected to the transmission housing of the main transmission. In this way, a heat transfer from the lubricant of the main transmission to the lubricant of the transfer case without the lubricant used must have identical properties, since a mixing of the lubricant does not occur. This is particularly advantageous when the mechanical designs of the main gear and the transfer case require different types of lubricant, for example, lubricants with different viscosity properties.

Furthermore, a tillage machine according to the invention is preferred in which the fluid circuit has a conveyor which is arranged inside or outside the gear housing of the main transmission. If the conveyor, which is designed for example as a feed pump, is disposed within the gear housing of the main transmission, the cost of the final assembly is reduced, since the number of parts to be mounted is reduced. Thus, the modularity of the tillage machine is increased. Furthermore, the fluid circuit may comprise a filter device, which is arranged inside or outside the transmission housing of the main transmission.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the tillage machine according to the invention, the fluid circuit has a heat exchanger device, which is arranged within the transmission trough of the transfer case. The heat exchanger device provides the heat transfer coupling of the circulating within the fluid circuit lubricant of the main gear and the lubricant of the transfer case.

The tillage machine according to the invention is also advantageously further developed in that the heat exchanger device is adapted to effect a heat exchange between the circulating in the fluid circuit lubricant of the main transmission and the lubricant of the transfer case. The heat exchanger device may, for example, comprise a line section which runs through the lubricant of the transfer case. Preferably, the line section, which passes through the lubricant of the transfer case, having one or more bent portions, so that the heat exchange surface available for heat exchange is increased. For example, the heat exchanger device may comprise a plurality of line sections extending through the lubricant of the transfer case and arranged parallel to one another.

Furthermore, the transmission housing of the main transmission, the transmission trough of the transfer case and / or the fluid circuit cooling elements, such as cooling fins and / or cooling fins include, which cause increased heat exchange with the ambient air. In this way, the lubricant of the main transmission and / or the lubricant of the transfer case is additionally cooled, whereby the lubricant temperatures can be further reduced.

The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a method for operating a soil working machine of the type mentioned, wherein the inventive method comprises generating a heat exchange between the lubricant of the main gear and the lubricant of the transfer case. With regard to the advantages and modifications of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the advantages and modifications of the tillage machine according to the invention. In particular, a tillage machine according to the invention is operated with the method according to the invention.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the inventive method, generating the heat exchange between the lubricant of the main transmission and the lubricant of the transfer case comprises mixing the lubricant of the main gear and the lubricant of the transfer case and / or conveying the lubricant of the main gear and / or the lubricant of the transfer case within a fluid circuit. Alternatively or additionally, generating the heat exchange between the lubricant of the main transmission and the lubricant of the transfer case comprises conveying a common lubricant from a transmission housing of the main transmission to a transmission trough of the transfer case and / or conveying the common lubricant from the transmission trough of the transfer case to the transmission housing of the transfer case main transmission. In addition, the method of the invention may include filtering the common lubricant within the fluid circuit.

The method is further advantageously developed in that the generation of the heat exchange between the lubricant of the main transmission and the lubricant of the transfer case comprises conveying the lubricant of the main transmission through a heat exchanger device which passes through the lubricant of the transfer case. The main gear and the transfer case are preferably lubricated by separate lubricants, wherein the lubricant of the main gear in the fluid circuit circulates. Further, the method may include filtering the lubricant of the main transmission within the fluid circuit.

• 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;
• 2 Teile der Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine aus der 1 in einer weiteren perspektivischen Darstellung;
• 3 Teile der Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine aus der 1 in einer Draufsicht;
• 4 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Fluidkreislaufs der erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine in einer schematischen Darstellung; und
• 5 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Fluidkreislaufs der erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine in einer schematischen Darstellung.

Further details of the invention can be taken from the description of the figures and the drawings. Show it

• 1 an embodiment of the tillage machine according to the invention in a perspective view;
• 2 Parts of the tillage machine from the 1 in a further perspective view;
• 3 Parts of the tillage machine from the 1 in a plan view;
• 4 an embodiment of a fluid circuit of the tillage machine according to the invention in a schematic representation; and
• 5 a further embodiment of a fluid circuit of the tillage machine according to the invention in a schematic representation.

The 1 shows a trained as a rotary cultivator tillage machine 10 with a machine frame 12 which two frame profiles 14a . 14b includes. On the frame profiles 14a . 14b is an upper coupling device 16 attached, which together with the two lower coupling devices 18a , 18b a three-point coupling for attachment of the tillage machine 10 formed on a three-point hydraulic coupling of a tractor.

The tillage machine 10 has a main gear (hidden), which in a transmission housing 20a . 20b arranged and adapted to be connected to a main drive with the main drive being the PTO of a tractor. Furthermore, the tillage machine 10 a transfer case (hidden), which in a transmission pan 22 arranged and the output torque of the main gear on several tillage tools 30a . 30b carrying centrifugal waves 28a-28j transfers, with the tillage tools 30a . 30b are designed as prongs. The transmission pan 22 has two laterally arranged side plates 24a . 24b and a lid 26 on.

The total of ten rotary waves 28a-28j in a 3m wide machine are arranged along a line extending transversely to the direction of travel, with adjacent centrifugal waves 28a-28j each equidistant from each other.

The tillage machine 10 further comprises a fluid circuit designed as an oil circuit 32 , By means of which designed as a transmission oil lubricant of the main transmission 40 and the lubricant formed as a transmission oil of the transfer case 42 heat transfer coupled with each other.

In the 2 are the frame profiles 14a . 14b and the lid 26 the transmission tub 22 hidden so that the components of the fluid circuit 32 are clearly visible. The fluid circuit 32 includes a conveyor 34 and a filter device 36 , The conveyor 34 is designed as a pump and causes a lubricant circulation within the fluid circuit 32 , The filter device 36 includes a replaceable filter element and provides for continuous filtering or cleaning of the within the fluid circuit 32 circulating lubricant.

The 3 shows that the transfer case 42 a total of ten spur gears 38a-36j having, which are engaged with each other. The output torque of the main gearbox 40 is distributed over the spur gear 38e (hidden) on all spur gears 38a-36j, each spur gear 38a-36j with a rotary shaft 28a-28j connected is. The centrifugal waves 28a-28j carry in each case two trained as tines and oppositely arranged tillage tools 30a, 30b.

The 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of the fluid circuit 32 , In this embodiment, the main transmission 40 and the transfer case 42 is lubricated by a common lubricant which is in the fluid circuit 32 circulated. The fluid circuit 32 has a conveyor 34 on what lubricant from the gearbox 20 of the main gearbox 40 to the gear tray 22 of the transfer case 42 promotes. At the same time by the conveyor 34 Lubricant from the transmission pan 22 of the transfer case 42 to the transmission housing 20 of the main gearbox 40 promoted. The conveyor 34 is designed as a pump. The conveyor is also a filter device 36 upstream. The conveyor 34 and the filter device 36 are between the transmission pan 22 of the transfer case 42 and the transmission housing 20 of the main gearbox 40 arranged.

The 5 shows another exemplary embodiment of the fluid circuit 32 , In this embodiment, the main transmission 40 and the transfer case 42 each lubricated by separate lubricants, wherein the lubricant of the main transmission 40 in the fluid circuit 32 circulated. The fluid circuit 32 has a conveyor designed as a pump 34 on which inside the gearbox 20 of the main gearbox 40 is arranged. A filter device 36 is the conveyor 34 downstream and outside the gearbox 20 of the main gearbox 40 arranged.

The fluid circuit 32 also has a heat exchanger device 44 on what's inside the transmission sink 22 of the transfer case 42 arranged and adapted to heat exchange between that in the fluid circuit 32 circulating lubricant of the main gearbox 40 and the lubricant of the transfer case 42 to effect. For this purpose, the heat exchanger device 44 a line section, which by the lubricant of the transfer case 42 runs.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Tillage machine

12

machine frame

14a, 14b

frame profiles

16

upper coupling device

18a, 18b

lower coupling devices

20, 20a, 20b

gearbox

22

transmission pan

24a, 24b

side plates

26

cover

28a-28j

spinning waves

30a, 30b

Tillage tools

32

Fluid circuit

34

Conveyor

36

filtering device

38a-36j

spur gears

40

main gearbox

42

Transfer Case

44

heat exchanger device

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008020849 A1 [0004]

Claims (10)

A soil tillage implement (10), comprising - a main gear (40) disposed in a transmission housing (20, 20a, 20b) and adapted to be connected to a main drive; and - a transfer case (42) disposed in a transmission pan (22) and adapted to transmit the output torque of the main transmission (40) to a plurality of soil tillage tools (30a, 30b) carrying centrifugal shafts (28a-28j); characterized by a fluid circuit (32) by means of which the lubricant of the main gear (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42) are heat-transmitting coupled together. Tillage machine (10) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the main gear (40) and the transfer case (42) are lubricated by a common lubricant circulating in the fluid circuit (32). Tillage machine (10) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the fluid circuit (32) comprises a conveyor (34) which lubricant from the transmission housing (20, 20a, 20b) of the main gear (40) to the transmission trough (22) of the transfer case (42) and / or lubricant of the transmission trough (22) of the transfer case (42) to the transmission housing (20, 20a, 20b) of the main transmission (40) promotes. Tillage machine (10) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the main gear (40) and the transfer case (42) are each lubricated by separate lubricants, wherein the lubricant of the main gear (40) in the fluid circuit (32) circulates. Tillage machine (10) after Claim 4 , characterized in that the fluid circuit (32) comprises a conveyor (34) which is arranged inside or outside of the gear housing (20, 20a, 20b) of the main gear (40). Tillage machine (10) after Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the fluid circuit (32) has a heat exchanger means (44) which is disposed within the transmission trough (22) of the transfer case (42). Tillage machine (10) after Claim 6 , characterized in that the heat exchanger means (44) is adapted to effect a heat exchange between the circulating in the fluid circuit (32) lubricant of the main gear (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42). A method of operating a soil tillage implement (10), comprising the steps of: - lubricating a main gear (40) by means of a lubricant, the main gear (40) being connected to a main drive; and - lubricating a transfer case (42) by means of a lubricant, wherein the transfer case (42) transmits the output torque of the main gear (40) to a plurality of tillage tools (30a, 30b) carrying rotary shafts (28a-28j); characterized by the step of: - generating a heat exchange between the lubricant of the main transmission (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42). Method according to Claim 8 characterized in that generating the heat exchange between the lubricant of the main transmission (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42) comprises at least one of the following steps: - mixing the lubricant of the main transmission (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42); - conveying the lubricant of the main gear (40) and / or the lubricant of the transfer case (42) within a fluid circuit (32); - Carrying a common lubricant from a transmission housing (20, 20a, 20b) of the main gear (40) to a transmission trough (22) of the transfer case (42); - To convey the common lubricant from the transmission trough (22) of the transfer case (42) to the transmission housing (20, 20a, 20b) of the main gear (40). Method according to Claim 8 or 9 characterized in that generating the heat exchange between the lubricant of the main transmission (40) and the lubricant of the transfer case (42) comprises the step of: - conveying the lubricant of the main transmission (40) through a heat exchanger means (44) passing through the lubricant of the transfer case (42) extends.

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