DE102016007481A1 - Discharge device and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an unloading device (5) for discharging a high-voltage intermediate circuit (4) in a high-voltage battery (3) comprising a high-voltage network (2) of a vehicle with one between the high-voltage battery (3) and the high-voltage intermediate circuit (4) arranged discharge circuit (6), wherein the discharge circuit (6) is electrically connected in parallel to the high-voltage battery (3) and the high-voltage intermediate circuit (4). According to the invention, the discharge circuit (6) comprises a switch (6.1) and an electrical capacitor (6.2) electrically connected in series with the switch (6.1). The invention further relates to a vehicle comprising at least one high-voltage network (2), at least one high-voltage battery (3), at least one high-voltage intermediate circuit (4) and at least one discharging device (5) for discharging the high-voltage intermediate circuit (4). ,

Description

The invention relates to an unloading device for unloading a high-voltage intermediate circuit in a high-voltage network of a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a vehicle comprising such an unloading device.

From the DE 10 2012 020 019 A1 a discharge device for actively discharging a high-voltage intermediate circuit in a high-voltage network of an electrically driven vehicle is known. The discharge device comprises a discharge control device for controlling the active discharge, a power electronics module for providing an operating voltage for an electric drive machine of the vehicle, wherein the power electronics module has to be discharged high-voltage intermediate circuit with an intermediate circuit capacitor, and an activatable by the discharge control active discharge circuit for discharging the high voltage Intermediate circuit of the power electronics module, wherein the discharge circuit is designed for active discharge in a deformation of the vehicle. Furthermore, the discharge device comprises a different from the power electronics module, designed as a high-voltage battery and electrically connected in parallel to the high-voltage intermediate circuit high-voltage component. The discharge circuit is arranged outside the power electronics module and integrated in the high-voltage battery. The discharge circuit comprises an ohmic resistor and a switch connected in series with this resistor and is electrically connected in parallel with the high-voltage battery and the power electronics module of the high-voltage intermediate circuit. The discharge circuit is arranged starting from the high-voltage intermediate circuit and starting from an electrical cell block of the battery in front of the battery located within the main switches for disconnecting the battery from the high-voltage network. Furthermore, a vehicle with a discharge device will be described.

The invention is based on the object to provide a comparison with the prior art improved unloading device for discharging a high-voltage DC link in a high-voltage electrical network of a vehicle and an improved vehicle.

With regard to the unloading device, the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1 and in terms of the vehicle by the features specified in claim 7.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The discharging device for discharging a high-voltage intermediate circuit in a high-voltage battery of a vehicle comprising a high-voltage battery comprises a discharging circuit arranged between the high-voltage battery and the high-voltage intermediate circuit, wherein the discharging circuit is electrically connected in parallel to the high-voltage battery and to the high-voltage intermediate circuit is.

According to the invention, the discharge circuit comprises a switch and an electrical capacitor connected electrically in series with the switch.

By means of the discharge circuit, a particularly rapid discharge of the intermediate circuit, for example, after a collision and / or accident of the vehicle achieved, so that in particular for vehicle occupants and in an immediate vicinity of the vehicle people, such as rescue personnel, life-threatening electrical voltages in the high-voltage intermediate circuit avoided are. Here, the discharge circuit is simple and low cost with few and inexpensive components feasible and is characterized by a high reliability. Other components for discharging the intermediate circuit within the same are advantageously not required.

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

Showing:

1 schematically an equivalent circuit diagram of a vehicle electrical system of a vehicle.

In the only one 1 is a section of a vehicle electrical system 1 a vehicle, not shown, with a high-voltage electrical network 2 shown.

The vehicle is in particular a fully electrically operated motor vehicle or a hybrid electric motor vehicle which is driven by means of at least one electric motor and at least one further energy converter, for example an internal combustion engine.

To a cable cross-section of a vehicle electrical system 1 to minimize the vehicle and to increase a transmittable electric power, is an intended for driving the vehicle, not shown electric motor as a high-voltage electric motor and an electric battery for powering the electric motor as a high-voltage battery 3 formed with an operating voltage of in particular several 100V.

The high-voltage battery 3 , ie in particular one within a housing 03.01 the high-voltage battery 3 arranged cell block 3.2 is in a crash, ie in a collision and / or accident of the vehicle, by means of an opening of main switches 3.3 . 3.4 from the high-voltage network 2 separated. This is done in particular on the basis of the signals generated during the crash and a so-called terminal 30C signal is generated.

This prevents, in the case of one within a high-voltage intermediate circuit 4 the high-voltage network 2 occurring electrical short circuit the high-voltage battery 3 is subjected to a high short-circuit current. However, if no short circuit occurs, an electrical voltage remains in the high-voltage DC link 4 until the high-voltage DC link 4 is discharged by parasitic resistors. As a result, potentially dangerous voltages in the high-voltage DC link can occur over a longer period of time for people 4 which can be life-threatening both to occupants and to persons in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle, such as rescue personnel.

To avoid such situations is a discharge device 5 provided, which one inside the housing 03.01 the high-voltage battery 3 as well as between the cell block 3.2 the high-voltage battery 3 and the high-voltage DC link 4 arranged discharge circuit 6 includes.

Here is the discharge circuit 6 electrically parallel to the cell block 3.2 and to the high-voltage DC link 4 starting from the high-voltage intermediate circuit 4 before and starting from the cell block 3.2 after the main switches 3.3 . 3.4 connected. Thus, the discharge is reliably possible even if by means of the main switch 3.3 . 3.4 a separation of the high-voltage battery 3 from the high-voltage network 2 is done.

In this case, the discharge circuit includes 6 a particular designed as a contactor switch 6.1 and an electrical in series with the switch 6.1 switched electrical capacity 6.2 ,

If a crash of the vehicle, for example by means of a crash sensor, detected, the opening of the main switch takes place 3.3 . 3.4 and the so-called terminal 30C signal is generated. If this signal from a non-illustrated control unit of the unloading device 5 receive, this controls the switch 6.1 such that it closes. This creates a circuit between the high-voltage DC link 4 and the capacity 6.2 closed and the high-voltage DC link 4 discharges into capacity 6.2 ,

Here is the capacity 6.2 dimensioned such that a remaining electrical voltage in the high-voltage intermediate circuit 4 after activation of the discharge circuit 6 and charging the capacity 6.2 maximum 60 V is.

The following example shows a determination of the required size of the capacity 6.2 by way of a possible example:
The first two are the two main switches 3.3 . 3.4 closed and at the high-voltage intermediate circuit 4 is an operating voltage (= U _Batt ) of the high-voltage battery 3 of, for example, 400V.

The high-voltage DC link 4 has a total capacitance of C _ZWK = 1 mF.

This results in the following charge quantity (= Q _ZWK ) for the high-voltage intermediate _circuit 4 : Q _ZWK = C _ZWK · U _Batt , (1) 400 V · 1 mF = 0.4 As. (2)

After connecting the capacity 6.2 in the parallel branch to the total capacity of the high-voltage intermediate circuit 4 the total voltage (= U _safe ) should be a maximum of 60 V.

This results in a total capacity (= C _tot ) according to:

This results in the size of the capacity 6.2 (= C _unloading ) according to: C _Discharge = C _ges - C _ZWK = 6.67 mF - 1 mF = 5.67 mF. (4)

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

board network

2

High-voltage network

3

High-voltage battery

3.1

casing

3.2

cell block

3.3

main switch

3.4

main switch

4

High-voltage DC

5

unloader

6

discharge

6.1

switch

6.2

capacity

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102012020019 A1 [0003]

Claims (7)

Unloading device ( 5 ) for discharging a high-voltage intermediate circuit ( 4 ) in a high-voltage battery ( 3 ) comprehensive high-voltage network ( 2 ) of a vehicle with - one between the high-voltage battery ( 3 ) and the high-voltage intermediate circuit ( 4 ) arranged discharge circuit ( 6 ), - wherein the discharge circuit ( 6 ) electrically parallel to the high-voltage battery ( 3 ) and to the high-voltage intermediate circuit ( 4 ), characterized in that the discharge circuit ( 6 ) a switch ( 6.1 ) and one electrically in series with the switch ( 6.1 ) switched electrical capacity ( 6.2 ). Unloading device ( 5 ) According to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge circuit ( 6 ) starting from the high-voltage intermediate circuit ( 4 ) before and starting from an electrical cell block ( 3.2 ) of the high-voltage battery ( 3 ) to main switches ( 3.3 . 3.4 ) for the separation of the high-voltage battery ( 3 ) from the high-voltage network ( 2 ) is arranged. Unloading device ( 5 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switch ( 6.1 ) is a contactor. Unloading device ( 5 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge circuit ( 6 ) within a housing ( 03.01 ) of the high-voltage battery ( 3 ) is arranged. Unloading device ( 5 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capacity ( 6.2 ) is dimensioned such that a remaining electrical voltage in the high-voltage intermediate circuit ( 4 ) after activation of the discharge circuit ( 6 ) and charging the capacity ( 6.2 ) is a maximum of 60V. Unloading device ( 5 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch ( 6.1 ) is coupled to a control unit which automatically closes it after detection of a collision and / or accident of the vehicle. Vehicle comprising - at least one high-voltage network ( 2 ), - at least one high-voltage battery ( 3 ), - at least one high-voltage intermediate circuit ( 4 ) and - at least one unloading device ( 5 ) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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