DE102016000757A1 - Laminating system for sandwich panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is based on the problem that in all the usual lamination process of the disk stack or the laminate is so pressed that the film or adhesive is pressed out at the edge between the disk stacks. The leaked adhesive or film must be laboriously removed after laminating from the edges of higher quality laminates. This reworking of the glass edges is especially hard adhesives or thermoplastic films such. B. Sentryglas® in the finished product significantly by z. B. cutting marks visible. With the laminating system for sandwich panels presented here, VSG and VG discs with smooth or shaped foil or adhesive edges can be produced without reworking. The problem underlying the invention is achieved by a modular composite rail system (25) which by exact application to the edges (7) of a disk stack (58) by utilizing the tensile forces in a film (4) or a membrane (4) or a Vacuum bag (4) by evacuating, pressure on the glass edges in the direction -Y exerts. By pressing the rail (1) against the glass edge (7), the rail limits the flow movement (17) of the adhesive (5) or the thermoplastic film (5) during lamination thus providing a plannable surface (8a) and thus plannable geometry of the film edge (FIG. 8) is formed, in contrast to conventional foil edges (8b). The invention is proposed for the lamination of laminated glass and laminated safety glass.

Description

The invention relates to the lamination of sandwich panels, in particular to the lamination of laminated glass or laminated safety glass.

Laminated safety glass (VSG) with splinter-bonding effect or laminated glass (VG) without splinter-bonding effect consist of at least two sheets of z. As glass and the plates connecting intermediate layer of thermoplastic films or adhesive, which are pressed by lamination, ie by the pressing together and possibly by the supply of heat to form a composite. The pressing together with the lamination serves to increase the adhesion between adhesive and glass and to press out air, so that a homogeneous full-surface contact of the adhesive layer with the flanking plates is formed. VSG and VG should have no visible air bubbles after lamination, so laminating creates a flawless transparent surface.

There are several methods of lamination. In addition to the two-stage process of Rollenvorverbundes with subsequent lamination in an autoclave, there is the film bag construction with subsequent lamination in an autoclave. Furthermore, there is the vacuum ring method in which a membrane z. B. is sealed annularly against a metal plate or against a metal sheet or against a second membrane, so that an interior space is formed, which can be evacuated. The lamination takes place by a disk stack of z. B. glass-foil glass is inserted. By evacuating the inner space, the air pressure presses against the disk stack via the membrane resting against the outer disks. If heat is now supplied, glued z. B. a thermoplastic film with the glass sheets contacting them to VSG or VG. It is particularly advantageous to continuously evacuate the interior space during the entire lamination time or process time via an inserted nonwoven in order to extract all the air between the film and the glass so that a flawless and bubble-free bond is produced.

In all lamination processes, the disk stack is pressed so that the film or adhesive is pressed out at the edge between the disk stacks. For disposable foil bags or recyclable bags from z. B. silicone mats nonetheless in the vacuum ring process occurs in the edge region and holes in the glass surface to high edge pressure. The high edge pressure always arises where the film, the membrane or the vacuum bag does not rest against the laminate in a form-fitting manner and forms a space between the glass stack and the membrane. The empty space causes the film, the membrane or the vacuum bag to build up tensile forces which act on the edges of the laminate as compressive forces and which promotes the squeezing out of the adhesive interlayer.

The resulting leaked adhesive or the resulting pressed out film must be laboriously removed again after lamination of the disc edges. Usually, the pressed-out material is cut off with knives or partially warmed up and cut off or planed off and thus removed by manual reworking. This reworking of the glass edges is especially hard adhesives or thermoplastic films such. B. Sentryglas ^® in the finished product significantly by z. B. cutting marks visible.

The laminating system for straight edges of sandwich panels presented here represents a modular system with which excellent edge qualities can be produced in the vacuum bag process and vacuum ring process without leaking adhesive or extruded film, so that the time-consuming and expensive reworking of the laminated safety glass and VG edges is eliminated and at the same time a smooth adhesive or foil edge is produced. Many laminated glass manufacturers are looking for high-quality glass for a solution for straight edges of the intermediate layer, u. a. to save the high costs by reworking the edges.

The invention relates to a modular composite rail system ( 1 ), which by exact application to the edges ( 7 ) of a disk stack ( 58 ) taking advantage of the tensile forces in the film ( 4 ) or the membrane ( 4 ) or the vacuum bag ( 4 ) exerts pressure on the glass edges in direction -Y by evacuating; 1 and 2 , By pressing the rail ( 1 ) to the glass edge ( 7 ), the rail limits the flow movement ( 17 ) of the adhesive ( 5 ) or the thermoplastic film ( 5 ) during lamination with which a plannable surface ( 8a ) and thus plannable geometry of the foil edge ( 8th ), in contrast to conventional film edges ( 8b ).

The laminating system consists of a rail ( 1 ), which is characterized in that it has an elastic region ( 2 ) and a rigid area ( 3 ) having. The rigid area ( 3 ) serves for better handling of the rail ( 1 ) during assembly and storage and to the rail ( 1 ) during lamination at the glass edge ( 7 ) so that you do not get off the membrane ( 4 ) or the vacuum bag ( 4 ) during the evacuation of the interior ( 6 ) can be moved out of the slice plane (direction -Z or + Z). The elastic area ( 2 ) serves during the lamination to the glass edge ( 7 ) by elastic deformation ( 19 ) and press through the two contact areas ( 10 ) and ( 11 ) a cavity ( 16 ) in which the adhesive ( 5 ) or the thermoplastic film ( 5 ) during the lamination form-fitting by his or her flow movement ( 17 ) is pressed in, 3 , Particularly advantageous is the elastic range ( 2 ) from the rigid area ( 3 ) two-sided ( 20 ) or three-sided ( 21 ) and the elastic region ( 2 ) over the rigid area ( 3 ) with a certain degree ( 12 ) in the direction of -Y and at the same time to a certain extent ( 13 ) in the direction + Y in the rigid region ( 3 ), 4 , The projecting portion thus forms a spring and the recessed portion forms a groove. If the rigid area ( 3 ) in the direction -X with a certain degree ( 22 ) and the elastic region ( 2 ) with a certain degree ( 23 ) in the direction of + X, also creates a tongue and groove system, so that a rail ( 1a ) by nesting with a second rail ( 1b ) of the areas ( 23 ) and ( 22 ) can be extended positively. In this way, with short rails ( 1 ) each edge length ( 27 ) of a disk stack ( 58 ). It is particularly advantageous if the contact area ( 24 ) of the elastic regions ( 2 ) of two rails z. B. ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) also fits positively to each other and does not form a gap into which the adhesive ( 5 ) or the foil ( 5 ), 6 ,

16 shows various embodiments of tongue and groove system and various constructive formulations of the rail ( 1 ) with the rigid area ( 3 ) on one, two or three sides enclosed elastic elements ( 2 ). The rigid areas ( 3 ) can be made of solid bodies and bodies with cavities such. B. are formed from one or more tubes 3 and 4 , The pressing together of rails ( 1 especially when the areas ( 22 ) and ( 23 ) are the same length or the range ( 22 ) is insignificantly longer than area ( 23 ) and additionally a tension element ( 32 ) the two rails ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) in the axis X pressed together. It is particularly advantageous if the tension element ( 32 ) is elastic and with at least two bolts ( 33 ), which in recesses ( 34a and 34b ) of the two rails ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) engage, so that a tensile stress in the tension element arises; 5 and 6 , If the elastic region has a higher thermal expansion than the flexurally rigid region, it makes sense that the elastic regions ( 2 ) of different rails ( 1 ) do not touch before lamination.

It is particularly advantageous if in the projecting area ( 22 ) of the rigid region ( 3 ) the page ( 20a . 21a ); 3 is omitted and the length of the track in the + X direction is slightly longer than the length of the track ( 22 ). Provided that the routes ( 22 ) and ( 12 ) are the same length, another groove ( 30 ) and spring ( 29 ) System with touching elastic areas. This groove ( 30 ) and spring ( 29 ) System allows two rails ( 1c ) and ( 1d ) at an angle of 90 degrees, so that a contact area ( 31 ) forming the cavity ( 16 ) in the corner ( 41 ) seals the VSG, VG discs and so the emergence of the adhesive ( 5 ) or the film ( 5 ) prevented; 7 and 8th , In 8th is also a corner element ( 38 ) for fixing the rails in the corner region of a laminate, which with a bolt in the recess ( 34b ) and the rail ( 1d ) on the side ( 20a . 21a . 21b ) and by frictional contact with the surface ( 36 ) forms an immovable cantilever. The cantilever arm is formed by the bolt in the recess ( 34b ) up to the rail ( 1c ) protruding. He is with a contact surface ( 37 ) provided in the interaction of bias in Eckzugelement ( 38 ) and contact pressure over the contact surface ( 37 ) the rail ( 1c ) against the glass sheet edges ( 7 ) and thus contributes to the rail ( 1 ) during assembly and during the evacuation of the interior ( 6 ) is not moved. In 9 becomes a corner pull element ( 38 ) proposed by a mechanical movement ( 55 ) of a clamping lever ( 54 ) can increase the bias in the Eckzugelement.

A further embodiment of a Eckzugelementes to be emphasized is an angular tension element ( 43 ), which by insertion of its bolt ( 44 ) in the recess ( 34b ) a rail ( 1e ) and simultaneous sliding of an elastic leg of the tension element ( 43 ) over the area ( 32 ) a bias on the contacting rails ( 1e ) and ( 1f ), 9 , The tension elements ( 32 ) and ( 43 ) can in principle also be made of adhesive tapes ( 45 ) are executed, 15b ,

In 17a and 17b are versions of the tension element ( 32 and 43 ) in the form of brackets, which by hooking in the recesses 34a and 34b (tension element 32 ) and by hooking in the recess 34b and a groove ( 56 ) (Eckzugelement 43 ) the touching rails ( 1 ) press each other. In 18a the tension elements ( 32 ) from the rail ( 1 ) itself and hooks to ensure the tension between the rails ( 1a and 1b ) in a groove ( 56 ), in the same way it also forms the corner element between the rails 1d and 1c out. In 18b is the corner element ( 43 ) angular and also as part of the rail ( 1 ) it engages to ensure the tension between the rails 1d and 1c over the rail 1c In addition, in the same way it also forms the tension element between the rails ( 1a and 1b ) out.

An arrangement of rails ( 1 ) as in 15c makes it possible to enclose a laminate on all sides without fitting rails ( 1 ) by always having one side of the rail ( 1 ) with a measure ( 39 ) survives. Thus, a modular system can be offered which z. B. from rails ( 1 ) in various graduated lengths up to a maximum length to each disc dimension ( 27 ).

The supernatants ( 39 ) of the rail ( 1 ) can with caps ( 40 ) are provided which z. B. is placed in vacuum ring method against the base plate so that the membrane ( 4 ) by evacuating not on sharp edges of the rail ( 1 ) is damaged. It is particularly advantageous if all components of the rail ( 1 ) and the tension elements ( 32 . 38 and 43 ) in the contact areas to the membrane ( 4 ) rounded edges ( 46 ) and edges ( 46 ) so that the membrane ( 4 ) is not damaged by the evacuation on sharp edges touching components. Particularly advantageous is the rail ( 1 ) in such a way that, for the system of lamination used, it minimizes the stresses in the membrane or film ( 4 ) leads. So it can be particularly advantageous if the rail ( 1 ) a flat storage area ( 48 ) that prevents the rail ( 1 ) can tip over while positioning and at the same time an area ( 47 ), which is rounded. The roundish shaped area ( 47 ) serves that the membrane ( 4 ) by evacuating not on sharp edges of the rail ( 1 ) is damaged and optimally almost positively to the rail ( 1 ) can create to build only minimal tension. In 10 to 13 are preferred embodiments of the rail ( 1 ). With ( 50 ), supervision and ( 49 ) a section through the rail ( 1 ). In 10 is the simplest version ( 53 ) of a rail which depending on the rigidity of the area ( 3 ) of the rail ( 1 ) and thus bent on round glass edges ( 15a and 15b ) z. B. with adhesive tapes ( 45 ) can be attached. In 11 is the assisted area ( 3 ) of the rail ( 1 ) shaped so that the membranes ( 4 ) from several sides almost positively to the rail ( 1 ) can cling. In 12 shows the rail ( 1 ) a second elastic region ( 52 ), which is the nestling of the membranes ( 4 ) as in 11 allows. In 13 is the roundish area ( 47 ) so that a membrane ( 4 ) to the rail ( 1 ) while the rail ( 1 ) on a plate or a sheet ( 51 ) rests. 14 shows further advantageous embodiments of the rail ( 1 ) and an embodiment of an elastic region with hollow chamber ( 14 ).

The modular composite rail system according to the invention consists of standardized individual components rails ( 1 ) which are assembled at defined points with compounds of the invention. The modular composite rail system proposed here ( 25 ) consists of standardized rails according to the invention ( 1 ) which are predominantly in their length ( 26 ). Specified different lengths can be on length jumps such. B. +100 mm and z. B. from a certain length only be made available as a multiple of these specific lengths. For example, a system of lengths ( 26 ) with 100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm and 500 mm long rails ( 1 ) at. The next available lengths ( 26 ) are z. B. 1000 mm, 1500 mm, etc .. Thus, a modular system with any total rail length by inventively joining or simply juxtaposing the individual rails ( 1 ) can be produced.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Inventive rails of the composite rail system

2

Elastic area of the rails ( 1 )

3

Rigid area of the rails ( 2 )

4

Sackbaufolie, vacuum ring membrane

5

Intermediate layer of foil or thermoplastic foil or adhesive

6

Interior in a vacuum bag or to be evacuated interior of the vacuum ring process.

7

Glass edges of a disk stack

8th

The part of the intermediate layer in contact with the air in the finished product

8a

The in the finished product, the air contacting part of the intermediate layer with a straight or formed by the invention appearance or surface.

8b

In the finished product, the air-contacting part of the intermediate layer in leaked or pressed out form.

9

Glass edge of a disk stack

10

Contact areas between the elastic region and an edge of the laminate z. B. a glass plate which in interaction with ( 11 ) A cavity ( 16 ) trains.

11

Contact areas between the elastic region and an edge of the laminate z. B. a glass plate which in interaction with ( 10 ) A cavity ( 16 ) trains.

12

certain degree with which the elastic area ( 2 ) over the rigid area ( 3 ) in the direction of -Y

13

Specific degree with which the elastic area ( 2 ) in the bending-resistant area ( 3 ) stands in the + Y direction or the rigid region (FIG. 3 ) the elastic region ( 2 ) encloses.

14

Hollow chamber profile

15

Not forgiven

16

Cavity in the intermediate layer ( 5 ) flows during the lamination positively

17

Flow movement of the intermediate layer ( 5 ) or the thermoplastic film or the adhesive

18

Groove in a rail ( 1d ) characterized in that the elastic region ( 2 ) another rail ( 1c ) with its supernatant ( 12 ) into the resulting groove ( 18 ) can be plugged.

19

elastic deformation of the elastic region during lamination

20

two-sided enclosure of the elastic region ( 2 ) through the rigid region ( 3 )

20a

Height of the area to be canceled in the flexurally rigid area ( 3 ) in a two-sided enclosure ( 20 ) to form a groove.

21

three-sided enclosure of the elastic region ( 2 ) through the rigid region ( 3 )

21a

Height of the area to be canceled in the flexurally rigid area ( 3 ) in a three-sided enclosure ( 21 ) to form a groove.

21b

Height of the area to be canceled in the flexurally rigid area ( 3 ) in a one-sided enclosure or simplest implementation ( 53 ).

22

Overhang of the rigid area ( 3 ) in the direction -X over the elastic region ( 2 ) projecting, for formulating a groove for a groove and spring system.

23

Supernatant of the elastic region ( 2 ) in the + X direction over the rigid region (FIG. 3 ) protruding to formulate a spring for a groove and spring system.

24

Contact area of the elastic areas ( 2 ) of two rails ( 1 )

25

Modular composite rail system consisting of standardized components ( 1 ) of different length ( 26 ) which can be assembled at defined points in different angles.

26

Length of a standardized rail ( 1 )

27

Edge length of a disk stack or laminate ( 58 )

28

Spring formed z. B. from the elastic region ( 2 ) in the direction of -Y

29

Spring formed z. B. from the elastic region ( 2 ) in the direction + X

30

Groove formed z. B. from the rigid area ( 3 ) in the direction of -X

31

Contact areas of elastic areas ( 2 )

32

Tensile element which two rails z. B. ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) in the axis X, preferably on the contact surface ( 24 ), pressed on each other.

33

Bolt of a tension element for anchoring in ( 1 )

34a

Recesses in rails according to the invention z. B. ( 1a ) for receiving z. B. the bolt ( 33 ) of a tension element ( 32 ) 43 ) or ( 38 ).

34b

Recesses in rails according to the invention z. B. ( 1b ) for receiving z. B. the bolt ( 33 ) of a tension element ( 32 ) 43 ) or ( 38 ).

35

not forgiven

36

not forgiven

37

Contact areas Contact surface of elastic areas ( 2 )

38

Eckzugelement with cantilever

39

Overhang of a rail ( 1 ) above ( 58 )

40

Cover caps for reducing stress in membranes or foils ( 4 )

41

Cavity in the corner of a laminate ( 58 )

42

not forgiven

43

Eckzugelement

45

tapes

46

rounded corners on components according to the invention.

47

roundish area of the rail ( 1 )

48

level bearing area of the rail ( 1 )

49

Cut through the rail ( 1 )

50

Top view of the rail ( 1 ) in the assembled state.

51

Base plate or sheet z. B. a vacuum ring laminator.

52

elastic area, rounded shape for reducing stress in ( 4 ).

53

simplest design of a rail ( 1 ) of two rectangular bodies.

54

clamping lever

55

Mechanical movement of a clamping lever ( 54 ) for biasing a corner element ( 38 )

56

Groove for clamping elements 38 . 32 and 43 ,

57

Contact areas of two rails ( 1g ) and ( 1h )

58

Slice stack or laminate; z. Glass - foil - glass - foil etc.

Claims (10)

Modular composite rail system ( 25 ) characterized in that it consists of individual rails ( 1 ) of different lengths ( 26 ) which are characterized in that they have a rigid area ( 3 ) and an elastic region ( 2 ) exhibit. Composite rail system according to claim 1, characterized in that a rail ( 1 ) in the X direction forms a tongue and groove system characterized in that the elastic region ( 2 ) a rail ( 1 ) over the rigid area ( 3 ) protrudes in the direction of -X and a spring ( 29 ) and the rigid area ( 3 ) of the same rail ( 1 ) over the elastic region ( 2 ) protrudes in the direction + X and a groove ( 30 ), characterized in that 29 ) and ( 30 ) can be inserted into each other. Composite rail system according to claim one and two, characterized in that the rigid region ( 3 ) in the region of the groove ( 30 ) a rail ( 1d ) around an area 21a . 20a is recessed and a groove ( 18 ) is characterized in that the elastic region ( 2 ) a rail ( 1c ) a supernatant ( 12 ) has a spring ( 28 ) in -Y direction, characterized in that the spring ( 28 ) into the resulting groove ( 18 ) in the direction + X of the rail ( 1d ) can be plugged so that the X-axes of the rails ( 1d ) and ( 1c ). Composite rail system according to claim 1, characterized in that the rails ( 1 ) Recesses 34a and or 34b and / or grooves 56 have, characterized in that in these recesses and / or grooves tension elements 32 . 38 . 43 can be anchored. Tension element according to claim 4, characterized in that during assembly of the composite rail system according to claim one, the tension elements 32 . 38 . 43 experience a tension so that touching rails ( 1 ) are pressed against each other. Composite rail system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the rails ( 1 ) a flat storage area ( 48 ) and a roundish area ( 47 ) having. Composite rail system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the bending-resistant region ( 3 ) has at least one cavity. Composite rail system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic region ( 2 ) has at least one cavity. Composite rail system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that a rail ( 1 ) with another rail ( 1 ) a contact area ( 57 ) characterized in that each rail ( 1 ) an overlap area ( 39 ) greater than or equal to 0 mm. Composite rail system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that caps ( 40 ) at least partially over the overlap area ( 39 ) are characterized in that the caps ( 40 ) due to its shape to a voltage reduction in a membrane ( 4 ) or foil ( 4 ) to lead.

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