DE102015219719A1 - Fiber composite component with integrated connection system - Google Patents
Fiber composite component with integrated connection system Download PDFInfo
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- DE102015219719A1 DE102015219719A1 DE102015219719.0A DE102015219719A DE102015219719A1 DE 102015219719 A1 DE102015219719 A1 DE 102015219719A1 DE 102015219719 A DE102015219719 A DE 102015219719A DE 102015219719 A1 DE102015219719 A1 DE 102015219719A1
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- composite component
- fiber composite
- fiber
- fastening element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
- B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
- B62D29/048—Connections therefor, e.g. joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3002—Superstructures characterized by combining metal and plastics, i.e. hybrid parts
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Faserverbundbauteil mit mindestens einer Faserlage und einem integrierten Anbindungssystem für Anbauteilebauteile, insbesondere Karosseriebauteile, wobei das Anbindungssystem ein bei der Herstellung des Faserverbundbauteils darin integriertes Befestigungselement aufweist, das ausgebildet ist, dass die Anbauteile daran befestigbar sind, und Fasern der mindestens einen Faserlage das Befestigungselement fixieren und zumindest abschnittsweise umschließenThe invention relates to a fiber composite component with at least one fiber layer and an integrated attachment system for attachment components, in particular body components, wherein the attachment system has a in the manufacture of the fiber composite component integrated therein fastener, which is designed that the attachments are fastened thereto, and fibers of at least one fiber layer fix the fastener and at least partially enclose
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Faserverbundbauteil mit einem integrierten Anbindungssystem für Anbauteile und Karosseriebauteile.The invention relates to a fiber composite component with an integrated connection system for attachments and body components.
Im Automobilbau werden verbreitet Anbau- und Strukturteile der Karosserie aus kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff hergestellt. Für eine Verbindung derartiger Bauteile aus kohlefaserverstärktem oder einem anderen faserverstärktem Kunststoff sind besondere Fügetechniken erforderlich. Ein direktes Schweißen wie bei metallenen Fahrzeugkarosserieteilen ist aufgrund der Materialkombination aus Kunststoff und Stahl nicht möglich. In der Regel erfolgt eine Verbindung daher mittels Kleben, Nieten oder sonstiger formschlüssiger Verbindungselemente. Diese Fügeverfahren sind jedoch mit einem hohen Zeit- und Kostenaufwand verbunden. Zudem werden beim Nieten die Fasern des Faserverbundbauteils lokal beschädigt.In the automotive industry, cultivation and structural parts of the body are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic. For joining such components made of carbon fiber reinforced or other fiber reinforced plastic special joining techniques are required. A direct welding as in metal vehicle body parts is not possible due to the combination of plastic and steel. As a rule, therefore, a connection is made by means of gluing, riveting or other form-fitting connection elements. However, these joining methods are associated with a high time and cost. In addition, the fibers of the fiber composite component are locally damaged during riveting.
Als alternative Lösung ist auch bekannt, an dem Anbauteil aus kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff großflächige Adapterflansche aus Stahl vorab durch Kleben, Nieten oder Umpressen zu fixieren. An den Adapterflansch kann dann das Anbauteil aus kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff mit herkömmlichen Befestigungsverfahren fixiert werden. Dies ist zwar hinsichtlich der Einsetzbarkeit herkömmlicher Werkzeuge vorteilhaft, durch die vielen Verfahrensschritte in der Praxis jedoch aufwendig und teuer. Zudem ist das Gewicht aufgrund der Größe des Adapterflansches nachteilig.As an alternative solution is also known to fix on the attachment made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic large-area adapter flanges made of steel in advance by gluing, riveting or pressing. To the adapter flange then the attachment made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic can be fixed with conventional fastening methods. Although this is advantageous in terms of the applicability of conventional tools, but complicated and expensive due to the many process steps in practice. In addition, the weight is disadvantageous due to the size of the adapter flange.
Eine weitere Anbindungsvariante zwischen zwei Bauteilen unterschiedlicher Materialien ist aus der
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Faserverbundbauteil bereit zu stellen, an das Karosseriebauteile mit herkömmlichen Fixierverfahren schneller und kostengünstiger befestigbar sind.Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a fiber composite component can be fastened to the body components with conventional fixing faster and cheaper.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the feature combination according to
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Faserverbundbauteil mit mindestens einer Faserlage und einem integrierten Anbindungssystem für Anbauteilebauteile, insbesondere Karosseriebauteile, vorgeschlagen. Das Anbindungssystem weist ein bereits bei der Herstellung des Faserverbundbauteils integriertes Befestigungselement auf, das ausgebildet ist, die Anbauteile daran zu befestigen. Die Aufnahme des Befestigungselements im Faserverbundbauteil wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Fasern der mindestens einen Faserlage das Befestigungselement fixieren und zumindest abschnittsweise umschließen. Die Fasern weisen zur Herstellung des Faserverbundbauteils eine Matrix, insbesondere ein Harz-Härter-Gemisch auf, mit der/dem das Befestigungselement in Position gehalten und nach Abschluss der Faserverbundbauteilfertigung positionsfest fixiert ist. Als Herstellungsverfahren können herkömmliche Verfahren, beispielsweise das RTM-Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Die Integration des Befestigungsmittels ist hierbei stoffschlüssig und in manchen Ausführungsformen auch formschlüssig. Als Faserlage kann auch eine langfaserverstärkte Pressmasse eingesetzt werden.According to the invention, a fiber composite component with at least one fiber layer and an integrated connection system for attachment components, in particular body components, is proposed. The connection system has an already integrated in the manufacture of the fiber composite component fastener, which is adapted to attach the attachments thereto. The inclusion of the fastener in the fiber composite component is achieved in that the fibers of the at least one fiber layer fix the fastener and at least partially enclose. To produce the fiber composite component, the fibers have a matrix, in particular a resin-hardener mixture, with which the fastening element is held in position and fixed in a fixed position after completion of the fiber composite component production. As a manufacturing method, conventional methods, for example, the RTM method can be used. The integration of the fastening means is in this case cohesively and in some embodiments, also form-fitting. As a fiber layer and a long-fiber reinforced molding compound can be used.
An dem in die Faserverbundbauteil integrierten Befestigungselement können die herkömmlichen Fügeverfahren von metallenen Karosseriebauteilen eingesetzt werden, so dass Anbauteile an dem Befestigungselement durch beispielsweise Schweißen, Clinchen oder Nieten befestigbar sind. Je nach gewünschtem Einsatzgebiet ist das Befestigungselement hierzu aus Kunststoff oder Metall, wobei es vorteilhaft ist, die Anbindung ausschließlich über metallene Elemente zu realisieren.The conventional joining method of metal body components can be used on the fastening element integrated in the fiber composite component, so that attachment parts can be fastened to the fastening element by, for example, welding, clinching or riveting. Depending on the desired field of application, the fastening element for this purpose is made of plastic or metal, it being advantageous to realize the connection exclusively via metal elements.
Durch die Integration des Anbindungssystems in das Faserverbundbauteil wird zwar der Faserverlauf beeinflusst, jedoch werden die Fasern selbst nicht beeinträchtig oder beschädigt, wie dies derzeit aus den Befestigungsverfahren gemäß dem Stand der Technik der Fall ist.Although the fiber system is influenced by the integration of the connection system into the fiber composite component, the fibers themselves are not impaired or damaged, as is currently the case in the fastening methods according to the prior art.
Das Befestigungselement wird in die mindestens eine Faserlage in einer günstigen Ausführungsvariante so eingesetzt, dass es die Fasern des Faserverbundbauteils lokal verdrängt und die Fasern um das Befestigungselement verlaufen. Es entsteht ein sog. Faserauge, bei dem die verdrängten Fasern im Zu- und Ablaufbereich zum und vom Befestigungselement getrennt und am Befestigungselement selbst dicht aneinander anliegend verlaufen. Verändert wird dabei nur der Faserverlauf, nicht jedoch die Faser selbst. Die Ausführung kann auch durch einen Stickprozess oder eine gezielte Ablage der Fasern erreicht werdenThe fastening element is inserted into the at least one fiber layer in a favorable embodiment such that it locally displaces the fibers of the fiber composite component and the fibers run around the fastening element. The result is a so-called. Fiber eye, in which the displaced fibers in the inlet and outlet area to and separated from the fastener and the fitting itself tightly against each other. Only the fiber profile is changed, but not the fiber itself. The design can also be achieved by an embroidery process or a specific filing of the fibers
Alternativ können die Fasern des Faserverbundbauteils das Befestigungselements auch derart umschließen, dass die Fasern eine Schlaufe bilden.Alternatively, the fibers of the fiber composite component can also enclose the fastening element in such a way that the fibers form a loop.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsvariante ist vorgesehen, dass das Faserverbundbauteil mehrere Faserlagen aufweist, die jeweils um das Befestigungselement verlaufen. Die Orientierung der einzelnen Faserlagen ist vorzugsweise gewinkelt oder senkrecht zueinander. Jede Faserlage kann für sich wieder das oben beschriebene Faserauge bilden.In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the fiber composite component has a plurality of fiber layers, each extending around the fastening element. The orientation of the individual fiber layers is preferably angled or perpendicular to each other. Each fiber layer can again form the fiber eye described above.
Ferner ist vorteilhaft, wenn sich das Befestigungselement auf mindestens einer Seite des Faserverbundbauteils bis zu einer Faserverbundbauteiloberfläche erstreckt. Vorzugsweise durchdringt das Befestigungselement das Faserverbundbauteil in Dickenrichtung vollständig und bietet beidseitige Anschlussmöglichkeiten.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the fastening element extends on at least one side of the fiber composite component up to a fiber composite component surface. Preferably, this permeates Fasten the fiber composite component in the thickness direction completely and offers two-sided connection options.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist das Befestigungselement topfförmig mit einem Boden und einem senkrecht dazu verlaufenden Wandabschnitt ausgebildet. Der Boden verläuft dabei im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer Faserverbundbauteiloberfläche und kann als Anlagepunkt zur Verbindung mit dem zu befestigenden Anbauteil genutzt werden.In an advantageous embodiment, the fastening element is cup-shaped with a bottom and a wall portion extending perpendicular thereto. The floor in this case runs essentially parallel to a fiber composite component surface and can be used as an attachment point for connection to the attachment to be fastened.
In einer alternativen Ausführung ist das Befestigungselement als Hülse mit einer sich durch das Faserverbundbauteil erstreckenden Hülsenwand ausgebildet. Das Befestigungselement bietet dann einen Durchgang durch das Faserverbundbauteil mit der Möglichkeit der Kraftaufnahme über die gesamte Erstreckung in Dickenrichtung.In an alternative embodiment, the fastening element is designed as a sleeve with a sleeve wall extending through the fiber composite component. The fastening element then provides a passage through the fiber composite component with the possibility of power absorption over the entire extent in the thickness direction.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist an dem Befestigungselement einteilig mindestens ein Auszug ausgebildet, der beabstandet von dem Befestigungselement in dem Faserverbundbauteil integriert ist. Der Auszug erhöht die Stabilität und Lastübertragung. Zur Verbindung des Befestigungsmittels mit dem Auszug ist vorzugsweise ein Lastübertragungssteg vorgesehen.In one development of the invention, at least one pullout is integrally formed on the fastening element, which is integrated at a distance from the fastening element in the fiber composite component. The pull-out increases stability and load transfer. For connecting the fastening means with the drawer, a load transfer web is preferably provided.
Ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel des Faserverbundbauteils ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Befestigungselement einen Auflagerandabschnitt aufweist, der sich parallel zur Faserverbundbauteiloberfläche erstreckt und auf dieser flächig aufliegt. Hierdurch wird die auf die Verbindungsstelle wirkende Last flächig verteilt.A further advantageous embodiment of the fiber composite component is characterized in that the fastening element has a Auflagerandabschnitt which extends parallel to the fiber composite component surface and rests flat on this. As a result, the load acting on the connection point is distributed over a wide area.
Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are shown in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to FIGS. Show it:
Die Figuren sind beispielhaft schematisch. Gleiche Bezugszeichen benennen gleiche Teile in allen Ansichten.The figures are exemplary schematic. Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the views.
Die
Die matrixdurchsetzten Fasern
Gemäß der Ausführung der
Bei der Ausführung gemäß
Die Ausführungen gemäß der
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich in ihrer Ausführung nicht auf die vorstehend angegebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele. Vielmehr ist eine Anzahl von Varianten denkbar, welche von der dargestellten Lösung auch bei grundsätzlich anders gearteten Ausführungen Gebrauch macht. Beispielsweise sind die Formen der Befestigungselemente nicht auf runde Ausführungen beschränkt. Zudem können als Fasern nicht nur Kohlefasern, sondern beispielsweise auch Glasfasern oder andere vergleichbare Faserarten verwendet werden. Alternativ sind auch langfaserverstärkte Werkstoffe oder entsprechende Pressmasse einsetzbar.The invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which makes use of the illustrated solution even with fundamentally different types of use. For example, the shapes of the fasteners are not limited to round designs. In addition, not only carbon fibers but also, for example, glass fibers or other comparable fiber types can be used as fibers. Alternatively, long-fiber reinforced materials or corresponding molding compound can be used.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102007040014 A1 [0004] DE 102007040014 A1 [0004]
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DE102017111146A1 (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-11-22 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FIBER FORM WITH INTEGRATED CONNECTING SOCKET |
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DE102018218310A1 (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Structural component with an integrated functional element |
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DE102020113355A1 (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Production of a fiber composite profile with a connection element |
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DE102017118089B4 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2022-03-24 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Process for producing a leaf spring from fiber composite material and a leaf spring for motor vehicles |
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