DE102015217684A1 - Device and method for recharging an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (100) for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle, the device (100) comprising: a computer device (10) which is adapted to an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and an energy consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle and to determine a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle based on the energy yield model and on the energy consumption model; and a control device (20) which is designed to determine an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy store based on the predictive energy balance.

Description

The present invention relates to charging controls for electrical energy storage devices for motor vehicles. In particular, the present invention relates to a device for recharging an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle and a method for recharging an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle.

Motor vehicles are equipped with photovoltaic systems that can charge an electrical energy storage of the motor vehicle during the daytime. In this case, the charging of the electrical energy storage device can be carried out while the motor vehicle is driving, but also during stationary operation of the motor vehicle. The photovoltaic systems are coupled to the electrical system of the motor vehicle and can provide electrical power to the electrical system.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus and method for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle.

This object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Embodiments and further developments can be taken from the dependent claims, the description and the figures of the drawings.

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a device for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle, the device comprising: a computer device which is designed to create an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and an energy consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle and based to determine a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle on the energy yield model and on the energy consumption model; and a control device, which is designed to determine an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy store based on the predictive energy balance.

In other words, the present invention makes it possible to determine a coordinated and predictive charging strategy for the electrical energy storage, which is based on the performance of the electric generator and the photovoltaic system and leads to a reduced energy consumption, since the generator only until at a certain level of performance to meet the basic needs of the Bornetzes.

In other words, a balanced recharging strategy for recharging the electric energy storage is provided so that the energy demand in the form of chemical fuels is minimized, the chemical fuels being used for example for an internal combustion engine for driving the electric generator for recharging the electric energy storage.

In this case, the device for recharging an electrical energy store individual driving characteristics, such as consumer use or electrical system load, and travel destinations or travel times when creating the energy yield model or the energy consumption model into account.

In addition to the predictive Nachladeberechnungen while driving and the Nachladefähigkeit can be taken into account by the photovoltaic system during the downtime of the motor vehicle after the trip. In this case, the device may be designed to take into account the selected location of the motor vehicle and to determine there the anticipated expected solar energy production of the photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle in the reload calculation.

In addition, the device for reloading an electrical energy store can advantageously take into account which electrical energy can be additionally recovered by recuperation phases or in which phases of the journey via the electrical generator, if necessary, no electrical energy can be generated, since the system is in a startup / Stop mode or in an engine-off coasting - complete shutdown of the (combustion) engine - is located.

The present invention advantageously makes it possible to provide an energy-efficient driving strategy for hybrid vehicles.

The present invention advantageously makes it possible to positively influence the energy efficiency chain of the hybrid vehicle.

The present invention advantageously allows solar energy to be used as a primary energy source, thus ensuring an environmentally friendly driving style.

The present invention advantageously makes it possible to reduce the use of the electric generator for recharging the electrical energy store and, in particular, to reduce the use of an internal combustion engine connected to the electric generator for recharging the battery or the electrical energy store, thereby reducing under-consumption Conventional primary energy - such as gasoline or diesel or fuel fuels - can be achieved.

The term vehicle or motor vehicle as used by the present invention includes, for example, a motor vehicle, such as a car, bus or truck, or even a rail vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, such as a helicopter or airplane, or, for example, a bicycle. The motor vehicle may be designed as a hybrid vehicle or as a hybrid electric motor vehicle, such as a motor vehicle with an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.

According to a further, second aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle, the method comprising the following method steps: creating an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and a power consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle by means of a computer device and determining a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle based on the energy yield model and on the energy consumption model; and determining an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy storage based on the predictive energy balance by means of a control device.

In other words, the predictive energy balance can be determined by sums or differences between the predicted consumption and yield energy values.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are characterized in the subclaims.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the regulating device is designed to lower a minimum charging state of the electrical energy store as a function of the energy yield model.

In other words, if the computer device determines that a future expected high energy yield is predicted for the photovoltaic system - for example 8 hours of service life in a sunny parking lot - the control device can lower a minimum charging state of the electrical energy storage device - for example from 12% to 8%. , Wherein falls below the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage, for example, a coupled to the electric generator internal combustion engine is put into operation to recharge the electrical energy storage via an energy conversion in the electric generator. By lowering from 12% to 8% minimum state of charge thus switching on the internal combustion engine can be prevented and the initially missing electrical energy is provided later by the photovoltaic system.

This advantageously makes it possible to reduce the consumption of primary chemical energy.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the regulating device is designed to lower a switch-on duration of an internal combustion engine coupled to the electric generator as a function of the energy yield model.

In other words, if increased solar radiation or increased power of the photovoltaic system is predicted, the control device can reduce the energy input from the internal combustion engine. The term "increased" may mean a solar radiation or power of the photovoltaic system lying above a standard value or expected value.

This advantageously makes it possible to reduce the use of the electric generator for recharging the battery.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the computer device is designed to determine the energy yield model for the photovoltaic system as a function of a weather forecast for: i) a route of the motor vehicle which is intended to be traveled; and / or (ii) to establish a probable location of the motor vehicle.

This advantageously makes it possible to more accurately forecast the future expected performance of the photovoltaic system and to reduce the energy consumption of primary chemical energy used based on the improved accuracy of the prognosis.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the computer device is designed to determine the energy yield model for the photovoltaic system as a function of: topology data; and / or navigation data; and / or road data and / or weather data; and / or to create vehicle behavior pattern data. The topology data can include not only pure geodata of the terrain but also the topological relationships with the road data, so for example, for each point of a route or a location, the horizon can be calculated, ie the boundary line between the visible earth and the sky to the solar irradiation calculate the point of the route or location more accurately.

This advantageously makes it possible to provide networked energy management and to enable energy-efficient driving. The topology data, the navigation data, or the road data can be stored in digital maps.

The term "digital maps" or "digital map data" is also understood to mean maps for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) without navigation.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the computer device is adapted to the energy yield model for the photovoltaic system as a function of sunrise, sunset or twilight times;
and / or solar irradiation forecasts;
and / or solar irradiation angle forecasts;
and / or solar diffuse or direct radiation prognoses;
and / or solar status data; and / or ambient temperature data.

This advantageously makes it possible to achieve a chemical fuel economy.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the computer device is designed to generate the energy yield model and / or the energy consumption model as a function of data from other motor vehicles.

In other words, driving behavior patterns or current environmental data values or temperature values can be sent from other motor vehicles to the motor vehicle. This enables energy-efficient driving and optimization of the driving strategy.

The wireless transmission or the wireless reception of data from other vehicles, for example via Bluetooth, WLAN (eg WLAN 802.11a / b / g / n or WLAN 802.11p), ZigBee or WiMax or even cellular radio systems such as GPRS, UMTS or LTE. It is also possible to use other transmission protocols. The mentioned protocols offer the advantage of already existing standardization.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the computer device is designed to create the energy consumption model as a function of data on the current power consumption of the electrical consumers of the motor vehicle.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the computer device is designed to determine the predictive energy balance based on a currently prevailing state of charge of the electrical energy store for the motor vehicle.

The described embodiments and developments can be combined with each other as desired.

Further possible refinements, developments and implementations of the present invention also include combinations of features of the present invention described above or below with respect to the exemplary embodiments, which are not explicitly mentioned.

The accompanying drawings are intended to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain concepts of the present invention.

Other embodiments and many of the stated advantages will become apparent with reference to the figures of the drawings. The illustrated elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale to each other.

Show it:

1 : a schematic representation of an electrical wiring system for a motor vehicle for explaining the present invention;

2 a schematic representation of a device for recharging an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

3 a schematic representation of a flowchart of a method for reloading an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In the figures of the drawings, like reference characters designate like or functionally identical elements, components, components or method steps, unless indicated otherwise.

The 1 shows a schematic representation of an electrical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The representation as in 1 In general, the present invention is also applicable to single-voltage vehicle systems, for example 12 V, 24 V or 48 V, or for two-voltage on-board power supply with further voltage standard values or for further multiple voltage power supply systems.

An electrical wiring system 300 a motor vehicle includes, for example, a 12-volt accumulator 310 , which with a DC-DC converter 330 , also called DC-DC converter, English DC-DC converter, coupled.

The DC-DC converter 330 is doing with a built-in, for example, on the motor vehicle photovoltaic system 320 coupled. The DC-DC converter 330 can be used to that of the photovoltaic system 320 generated electrical energy in the electrical system 300 to feed the motor vehicle.

For example, the photovoltaic system 320 have a power of 600 to 1500 watts or, for example, about 700 watts.

The performance data, as in 1 indicated, also vary and the performance data are only an example.

For example, one with the electrical system 300 coupled 48 V lithium-ion battery 340 a storage capacity of 0.2 to 3 kWh or from 0.5 to 1 kWh and is used as electrical energy storage of the motor vehicle and allows a state of charge difference between minimum and maximum of up to 80%, ie a minimum state of charge of 20% may be provided.

The electrical energy storage of the motor vehicle in the form of the 48-V lithium-ion battery 340 , Also lithium-ion battery can be coupled with the electrical consumers of the motor vehicle.

Further, the DC-DC converter 330 for example, with an electric generator 350 coupled, the electric generator 350 is designed to recharge the electrical energy storage of the motor vehicle.

The electric generator 350 For example, it may be coupled to an internal combustion engine that uses primary chemical energy, for example in the form of gasoline or diesel, to power the electric generator 350 to drive and thereby the electrical energy storage 340 charge.

The electric generator 350 For example, in a P0, P1 or P2 configuration, it may be coupled to the engine. A P0 configuration corresponds to a belt starter generator. A P1 configuration corresponds to an e-machine on the crankshaft. P2 configuration corresponds to an electric machine on the transmission input shaft.

The 2 shows a schematic representation of a device 100 for recharging an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle. The device 100 includes, for example, a computer device 10 and a control device 20 ,

The device 100 may be configured to control and regulate the recharging of the electrical energy store. In this case, the electrical energy storage device may comprise a 12 V battery and / or a 48 V battery.

The device 100 can be designed to determine a predictive energy balance using various environmental and input data, such as weather data, eHorizon information with different topology data, or behavioral pattern analysis in connection with the photovoltaic system and an energy consumption model of the motor vehicle, which can recharge energy via the photovoltaic system and / or or via the electric generator of the battery controls.

As eHorizon information, environment environment information can be stored in a specific location. The eHorizon information makes it possible to determine a probable shadowing or an anticipated obstruction of the clearance between the vehicle position and the position of the sun.

In this case, the electric generator 350 through one with the generator 350 coupled internal combustion engine or the electric generator 350 is driven by recuperation during braking of the motor vehicle.

The device 100 For example, it can be designed to determine the energy balance based on the following data: The energy balance can be determined as a function of weather forecasts and current energy balances of the photovoltaic system: Thus, it can be determined what energy to expect from the photovoltaic system over the remaining probable travel time is.

The device 100 can the energy balance depending on a in a navigation system determined destination or depending on a current traffic on a traveled route of the motor vehicle. With this input, the time duration of the energy supply of the photovoltaic system can be determined while driving the motor vehicle.

The device 100 may be configured to determine the energy balance based on a sunset or sunrise time. Sunset or sunrise or dusk times have a direct influence on the expected from the photovoltaic system electrical energy output.

Furthermore, the device 100 be adapted to receive data from other vehicles and evaluate the energy balance. This allows the device 100 For example, conclusions on electrical consumers such as air conditioning in dependence on other vehicles that drive the same or a similar route, determine.

Furthermore, the device 100 be designed to determine, depending on a current state of charge, in English also "State of charge", abbreviated SOC, the electrical energy storage, the energy balance. The Nachladestrom and thus the algorithm for operating the internal combustion engine can be adapted to the prevailing state of charge.

Furthermore, the device 100 be designed to calculate a total battery capacity of the motor vehicle to determine the energy balance.

Furthermore, the device 100 be configured to perform the recharging behavior of the electrical energy storage of the motor vehicle such that the electric generator or coupled to the electric generator internal combustion engine can work in a more effective, that is better, working.

Furthermore, the device 100 be designed to perform the recharging behavior of the electrical energy storage of the motor vehicle such that the turn-on frequency or duty cycle of the internal combustion engine can be reduced. As a result, the consumption of primary chemical energy of the motor vehicle can be further reduced.

The device 100 For example, it may be configured to be coupled to a Support Vector Machine, abbreviated SVM. The Support Vector Machine allows to determine a prediction of the state of charge of the electrical energy storage.

A support vector machine, "support vector machine" or support vector method, may be designed as a classifier and used for classification as well as regression.

The device 100 may be configured to predictively determine which additional power is supplied via the photovoltaic system using the Support Vector Machine, and thus the additional energy that must still be expended by the electric generator can be calculated.

Furthermore, the device 100 be configured to calculate depending on an input destination, which electrical energy can feed the photovoltaic system at this destination in the electrical system, so that the applied by the generator while driving electrical recharging energy can be reduced.

In other words, the state of charge of the electrical energy store or the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy store can be lowered because the battery can be recharged via the photovoltaic system during the service life. Predictively, the energy output is calculated using various parameters.

By way of example, it is possible to determine as a parameter the time which occurs again after the destination has been reached, at which point the vehicle is likely to start again. This can be done on the basis of a driving behavior analysis.

For example, when a home address is reached in the evening, it can be assumed that the vehicle will restart at a time the next day, for example at 9 o'clock. Similarly, behavioral pattern data or driving behavior analysis can be made, such as the daily trip to work, 8 hours of standstill in a parking bay with direct sunlight.

As electrical consumers are for example a radio receiver, an air conditioner or other control devices of the motor vehicle to be considered.

The computer device 10 is for example designed to create an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and an energy consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle and to determine a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle based on the energy yield model and on the energy consumption model.

The control device 20 For example, it is designed to determine an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy store based on the predictive energy balance.

The control device 20 is for example designed to lower a minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage in dependence on the energy yield model. For example, at a future expected increased solar radiation, for example, a sun day with more than 14 h sunshine on which the motor vehicle will rest based on the current behavior pattern, at the end of the journey of the motor vehicle, the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage from 20% to 15% be lowered.

The control device 20 For example, it is designed to lower a switch-on duration of an internal combustion engine coupled to the electric generator as a function of the energy yield model.

For example, in the case of a presumably long-lasting motorway journey - for example with a travel time of 6 hours to the home address of the motor vehicle, on which there is no shading on the route, to dispense with operating the internal combustion engine to recharge the electrical energy storage, since an increased solar feed of electrical energy through the photovoltaic system is to be expected.

The 3 shows a schematic representation of a flowchart of a method for reloading an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle.

The method for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle comprises the following method steps:
As a first step of the method, a generation S1 of an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and a power consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle is carried out by means of a computer device, furthermore a determination of a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle takes place based on the energy yield model and on the energy consumption model.

As a second step of the method, a determining S2 of an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy store is carried out based on the predictive energy balance by means of a regulating device 20 ,

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto but is modifiable in a variety of ways. In particular, the present invention can be varied or modified in many ways without departing from the gist of the invention.

In addition, it should be noted that "comprising" and "having" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality.

It should also be appreciated that features or steps described with reference to any of the above embodiments may also be used in combination with other features or steps of other embodiments described above. Reference signs in the claims are not to be considered as limitations.

Claims (10)

Contraption ( 100 ) for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle, the device ( 100 ) comprises: - a computer device ( 10 ), which is designed to create an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and an energy consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle and to determine a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle based on the energy yield model and on the energy consumption model; and a control device ( 20 ), which is designed to determine an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy store based on the predictive energy balance. Device according to claim 1, wherein the control device ( 20 ) is designed to lower a minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage in dependence on the energy yield model. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the control device ( 20 ) is designed to lower a duty cycle of a coupled to the electric generator internal combustion engine depending on the energy yield model. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, the computer device ( 10 ) is adapted to the energy yield model for the photovoltaic system as a function of a weather forecast for: i) a vorrausichtlich to be traveled route of the motor vehicle; and / or (ii) to establish a probable location of the motor vehicle. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, wherein the computer device ( 10 ) is adapted to the energy yield model for the photovoltaic system as a function of: i) topology data; and / or ii) navigation data; and / or iii) road data; and / or iv) weather data; and / or v) to create traffic pattern data. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the computer device ( 10 ) is adapted to the energy yield model for the photovoltaic system as a function of: i) sunrise, sunset or dusk times; and / or ii) solar irradiation forecasts; and / or iii) solar irradiation angle forecasts; and / or iv) solar diffuse or direct radiation predictions; and / or v) sun position data; and / or vi) create ambient temperature data. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein the computer device ( 10 ) is adapted to generate the energy yield model and / or the energy consumption model in dependence on data from other motor vehicles. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, wherein the computer device ( 10 ) is adapted to create the energy consumption model in dependence on data on the current power consumption of the electrical consumers of the motor vehicle. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein the computer device ( 10 ) is designed to determine the predictive energy balance based on a currently prevailing state of charge of the electrical energy storage device for the motor vehicle. Method for recharging an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle, the method comprising the following method steps: - creating (S1) an energy yield model for a photovoltaic system of the motor vehicle and a power consumption model for electrical consumers of the motor vehicle by means of a computer device ( 10 ) and determining a predictive energy balance for the motor vehicle based on the energy yield model and the energy consumption model; and - determining (S2) an operating strategy for an electrical generator for recharging the electrical energy store based on the predictive energy balance by means of a regulating device ( 20 ).

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