DE102015122895A1 - Waveguide filter, multiplexer or demultiplexer with a waveguide filter, method for adjusting a waveguide filter and method for splitting or combining frequency ranges - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a waveguide filter (10, 29, 31) having a first waveguide connection (11) and a second waveguide connection (12), wherein a bandpass filter section (13) is arranged between the first waveguide connection (11) and the second waveguide connection (12). is arranged. In order to improve the adjustability and / or to simplify the waveguide filter (10, 29, 31), characterized in that an upper and / or lower limit frequency by means of an adjusting device (21, 32, 47, 57) is adjustable.

Description

The invention relates to a waveguide filter having a first waveguide connection and having a second waveguide connection, wherein a bandpass filter section is arranged between the first waveguide connection and the second waveguide connection. Furthermore, the invention relates to a multiplexer or demultiplexer with at least one such waveguide filter and a method for adjusting a waveguide filter. Finally, the invention also relates to a method for dividing and / or combining frequency ranges.

Such a waveguide filter is from the DE 197 36 367 A1 known.

In particular, in the context of satellite systems, a flexible allocation of existing overall transmission capacity for different regions, services, antennas and / or footprints is sought in order to respond to fluctuating needs. The total transmission capacity is essentially determined by the available total transmission frequency band. Frequency division of the entire transmission frequency band into two or more sub-frequency bands may allow flexible allocation and / or distribution of the total transmission capacity.

From the German patent application with the file number 10 2015 006 368 For example, a bandpass filter is known whose transmission bandwidth and / or center frequency can be varied. The use of a plurality of such adjustable bandpass filters, for example, in an otherwise conventional multiplexer and / or demultiplexer arrangement may allow a variable distribution of the entire transmission frequency band to at least two sub-frequency bands. However, it is disadvantageous that this can only be used for relatively narrow total transmission frequency bands, since such adjustable bandpass filters can only be designed for a limited maximum bandwidth, in particular less than 2%. Another disadvantage is that each bandpass filter adjustable in terms of center frequency and bandwidth requires two independent adjustment mechanisms.

It is the object underlying the invention to develop a waveguide filter of the type mentioned in such a way that the adjustability is improved and / or simplified. In particular, the widest possible overall transmission frequency band should be able to be divided variably into two or more sub-frequency bands. Preferably, the number of necessary adjustment mechanisms can be reduced and / or the simplest possible structure of an adjustment mechanism can be realized. In particular, insertion loss should be as low as possible and / or be possible to use at higher microwave powers.

The object underlying the invention is achieved by means of a waveguide filter of the type mentioned, in which an upper limit frequency and / or a lower limit frequency is adjustable by means of an adjustment.

It is advantageous that the lower and / or the upper limit frequency can be set variably in dependence on the desired division of the total transmission frequency band by means of the setting means. In particular, due to the variable setting possibility of the upper and / or lower limit frequency, a bandwidth of the total transmission frequency band can be flexibly split between at least two partial frequency bands. The waveguide filter may have a high-pass filter characteristic or a low-pass filter characteristic.

In particular, a multiplex function and / or a demultiplex function by means of such a waveguide filter in combination with conventional standard components can be realized. Such a standard component may be a circulator, a coupler and / or a filter, for example a directional filter and / or a broadband filter. In particular, a combination may be provided with one or more, preferably fixed, filters to meet, if necessary, selection requirements for the outer band limits of the total transmission frequency band. Preferably, a total transmission frequency band with a large maximum width, in particular greater than 5%, can be divided variably into at least two partial frequency ranges.

The first waveguide connection and / or the second waveguide connection can serve for supplying an input signal and / or for discharging an output signal, in particular with regard to the bandpass filter section. Preferably, the input signal and / or the output signal is an electromagnetic signal, in particular an electromagnetic wave. A total frequency band or a total transmission frequency band may have a so-called center frequency as a geometric mean of a lower limit frequency and an upper limit frequency, in particular for a given filter bandwidth and / or a predetermined bandpass. The center frequency may also be referred to as the resonance frequency.

According to a further embodiment, the adjusting device has at least one movable adjusting element for adjusting the upper and / or or lower limit frequency. The adjustment member may be adjustable in position with respect to the bandpass filter section, with respect to an interior of the bandpass filter section, and / or with respect to a recess of the bandpass filter section. In particular, the adjustment device has exactly one single movable adjustment element for setting the upper and / or lower limit frequency. In a waveguide filter with a high-pass filter characteristic, the lower limit frequency can be changed by means of the adjusting element. In a waveguide bandpass filter having a low-pass filter characteristic, the upper cutoff frequency can be varied by means of the adjusting element. In particular, the upper and / or lower limit frequency is adjustable by means of a change in position of the adjusting element. Here, the change in position of the adjustment in relation to an interior and / or a depression of the bandpass filter section may result. Preferably, for adjusting the upper and / or lower limit frequency, a change of an inner space of the bandpass filter section by means of the adjusting element can be realized. Here, the adjustment may cause a change in the interior over at least the entire length of the interior of at least the bandpass filter section. In particular, the adjustment may cause a change in the interior over at least the entire height and / or width of the interior of the bandpass filter section. By means of the adjusting device and / or the adjusting element, the dimensions and / or geometries of the waveguide filter, in particular of the bandpass filter section, which are effective for the determination of the upper and / or lower limit frequency can be adjusted and / or changed. Preferably, the contour of a cross section of the waveguide filter, in particular of the bandpass filter section and / or an interior of the bandpass filter section, can be changed by means of the adjusting device and / or the adjusting element.

The interior of the bandpass filter section may be formed as a resonance space of the waveguide filter. Preferably, due to the mobility and / or a change in position of the adjusting element, a physical property and / or a physical parameter of the interior with respect to an optional adjustability of the upper and / or lower limit frequency can be changed. In particular, the adjustment element cooperates with the interior with respect to the lower and / or upper limit frequency. The physical properties and / or the physical parameters may be formed as dimensions, as a cross-section and / or as an effective dielectric constant of the interior space. The dimensions, the cross-section, the dimensioning and / or the effective dielectric constant of the interior can be changed and / or adjusted by means of the adjusting element. In particular, a relative position of the adjusting element with respect to the interior and / or a recess of the bandpass filter section due to the mobility of the adjustment is variable. As a result, a change and / or adaptability of the lower and / or upper limit frequency of the waveguide filter can be achieved.

Preferably, the movement of the adjusting element can be realized as a displacement and / or a displacement movement. In this case, the movement and / or displacement may also include a change in position of the adjusting element due to a rotational and / or screwing movement. By means of a suitable guide movement of the adjusting element can be realized in a simple and reliable manner. A displacement and / or movement of the adjusting element can optionally take place in the direction of an interior space and / or in the direction of a depression of the bandpass filter section or in the direction of an interior and / or a depression of the bandpass filter section. By means of a control, the movement of the adjusting element can be controlled. Thus, by means of the controller, the adjustment and / or the change of the lower and / or upper limit frequency of the waveguide filter can be controlled.

Preferably, the adjusting element is mounted linearly displaceable. As a result, a realization of the mobility of the adjustment is particularly simple and / or inexpensive to implement. The bandpass filter section, in particular the interior of the bandpass filter section may have a round, circular, elliptical or rectangular cross section. The bandpass filter section may have a grooved interior and / or be formed as a corrugated filter, a ridge waveguide filter section or a waffle iron filter section. Preferably, the waveguide filter is formed as a rectangular waveguide filter.

In particular, the waveguide filter and / or the bandpass filter section has a rectangular cross section. Here, the width of the waveguide filter and / or the bandpass filter section is greater than the height of the waveguide filter and / or the bandpass filter section.

According to a development, a width and / or a height of at least the interior of the bandpass filter section for changing the upper and / or lower limit frequency can be adjusted by means of the adjusting device, in particular by means of the at least one movable adjusting element. Preferably, a single movable adjustment is provided. Due to a change in the width and / or the height of the interior, the lower and / or upper limit frequency reduced or increased. In particular, the width of the interior of the bandpass filter section is determined by two spaced-apart waveguide sidewalls. The height of the interior can be determined on the basis of two waveguide broad sides spaced apart from one another. Preferably, at least one waveguide side wall and / or at least one waveguide broad side is formed as a movable adjusting element for varying the distance of the two waveguide side walls or the waveguide broad sides from each other. Due to an enlargement or reduction of the distance between the two waveguide side walls and / or the two waveguide broad sides to each other, an adjustability of the upper and / or lower cutoff frequency that is easy to realize results. In particular, in the case of a waveguide filter with a high-pass filter characteristic or low-pass filter characteristic, this makes it possible to adjust the lower and / or upper limit frequency.

At least the bandpass filter section may be formed in several parts, in particular at least two parts, wherein a part of the bandpass filter section is formed as an adjusting element of the adjusting device. Preferably, the adjustment is transversely, in particular at right angles, to the longitudinal axis of the bandpass filter section and transversely, in particular at right angles, adjustable to a plane of a waveguide broadside. In particular, the adjusting element is adjustable parallel to the orientation or plane of the waveguide side walls. The bandpass filter section may include a recess for receiving the adjustment member. The recess may be formed as a cutout or a recess. In particular, the recess has a substantially U-shaped cross section and / or a rectangular shape. Preferably, the recess has a U-shaped cross-section and a U-shaped longitudinal section.

Preferably, a first transition between the first waveguide connection and the bandpass filter section and / or a second transition between the second waveguide connection and the bandpass filter section. A change in the upper and / or lower limit frequency in the bandpass filter section can have a significant influence on the characteristics and / or the transformation of the transitions with respect to the first and / or second waveguide connection. In particular, a change in the cut-off frequency exclusively in the band-pass filter section causes considerable unwanted reflections, in particular in the transmission frequency range, through the transitions. To avoid such unwanted reflections, the first transition and / or the second transition can be adjusted as a function of the change in the upper and / or lower limit frequency. In particular, the adjusting element of the adjusting device projects at least partially into a region of the first transition and / or of the second transition. Thus, to adjust the cutoff frequency in the bandpass filter section and to adjust the first transition and / or the second transition simultaneously, a single movable adjustment element can be used. This results in a simple structure. Preferably, the adjustment element extends from a region of the first transition through the bandpass filter section into a region of the second transition. In this case, the adjusting element can extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter, in particular of the bandpass filter section.

According to a further embodiment, the bandpass filter section has at least one opening extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter. The opening may be formed as a slot, a gap, a cut and / or a parting plane. Preferably, the opening is centered with respect to the width of the bandpass filter section. The opening may extend at least over the entire bandpass filter section, in particular over the entire length of the bandpass filter section. Preferably, the opening extends into a region of the first transition and / or into a region of the second transition. Preferably, the opening is disposed in an electrically neutral zone of the bandpass filter section. In particular, the opening is located in an electrically neutral zone of a waveguide mode, preferably of the H10 type, of the waveguide filter. Thus, substantially no wall currents are present, whereby the opening itself has substantially no influence on the physical properties of the waveguide filter, in particular on the upper and / or lower cutoff frequency. In cross section, the opening, in particular as a slot, a gap and / or a section, U-shaped.

Preferably, the opening has or realizes a longitudinal separation plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter and a plurality of transverse separation planes. In particular, at least two transverse separation planes and one or three longitudinal separation planes are present. At least one longitudinal dividing plane may be arranged centrally with respect to a waveguide broad side and / or in an electrically neutral zone of the bandpass filter section. In particular, the transverse parting planes extend transversely, in particular at right angles, to the longitudinal parting plane. In each case a transverse parting plane can be connected at one of two opposite ends or sides of the longitudinal parting plane with the longitudinal parting plane and / or merge into the longitudinal parting plane. In particular, two transversal dividing planes arranged parallel to each other. Two further longitudinal dividing planes may be arranged parallel to one another and / or at right angles to the two transverse dividing planes. In particular, the two further longitudinal dividing planes are arranged at right angles to a first longitudinal dividing plane. Preferably, the transversal parting planes extend outward from the longitudinal parting plane, in particular over half a waveguide broadside. Due to the arrangement and design of the parting planes, the adjusting element and / or a depression for the adjusting element can be defined and / or formed. The adjusting element, in particular as a separate part of at least the bandpass filter section, can be movable at right angles to the longitudinal dividing plane. In particular, at least substantially no impairment of an insertion loss and / or reflection damping can be detected in the case of a change in position of the adjustment element.

Wall currents can arise and / or be present in the region of the transverse dividing planes and / or the two further longitudinal dividing planes. As a result, an undesirable impairment of the insertion loss and / or the reflection damping can be caused. In order to avoid these impairments, an electrical contact may be present in the region of the transverse dividing planes and / or the two further longitudinal dividing planes for bridging the transverse dividing plane and / or the two further longitudinal dividing planes. In particular, at least one sliding contact or several grinding contacts may be present in the region of the transverse dividing planes and / or the two further longitudinal dividing planes. In an alternative, the adjusting element may be arranged without contact with the, in particular transverse and / or longitudinal, parting planes. In this case, a low-pass structure, a low-pass filter structure and / or a waffle iron low-pass structure may be provided to avoid the undesired impairments, in particular in the region of the transverse separation planes and / or the two further longitudinal separation planes.

Preferably, the bandpass filter section has a first waveguide broad side and a second waveguide broad side. In particular, the two waveguide broad sides are spaced apart by means of second waveguide side walls. Preferably, the waveguide broad sides are arranged substantially parallel to one another. Also, the waveguide side walls may be arranged parallel to each other. Due to the two waveguide broad sides and the two waveguide side walls, a rectangular cross section and / or longitudinal section for the bandpass filter section and its interior can result. In particular, the opening is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter in the middle in the first waveguide broadside and / or in the second waveguide broadside. Preferably, only a single waveguide broadside has a single opening. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable that a first opening in the first waveguide broad side and a second opening of the second waveguide broad side are arranged. Preferably, the opening extends over the entire height of the bandpass filter section and / or the waveguide sidewalls.

In particular, the at least one opening extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter in the bandpass filter section projects at least partially into the region of the first transition and / or into the region of the second transition. The first transition and / or the second transition may be formed as a waveguide transformer or as a waveguide taper, in particular with a continuous transition. The first transition, the second transition and / or the bandpass filter section preferably has adaptation transformation stages.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one adjusting element of the adjusting device is designed as a movable plate element which can be adjusted with respect to its position in relation to the bandpass filter section. The adjusting element can be at least partially introduced into the interior and / or a depression of the bandpass filter section, the first transition and / or the second transition and / or led out of the interior and / or the depression for adjusting the lower and / or upper cutoff frequency , Preferably, the lower and / or the upper limit frequency by means of the adjusting element and in dependence on the insertion depth of the adjusting element in the interior and / or the recess of the bandpass filter section, the first transition and / or the second transition, adjustable. Insertion and / or execution of the adjusting element into or out of the inner space and / or the depression thus causes a change in the lower and / or upper limit frequency of the waveguide filter, in particular in the bandpass filter section. At the same time, an adaptation of the first transition and / or the second transition can take place.

According to a further embodiment, an edge, a side and / or a surface of the adjusting element, in particular of the plate element, the opening and / or a recess of the bandpass filter section for insertion into the bandpass filter section, in the first Transition and / or facing the second transition. In particular, the edge, the side and / or the surface is provided for insertion into the bandpass filter section, in the first transition and / or in the second transition. Preferably, the edge, side and / or surface provided for insertion into and / or out of the bandpass filter section has at least partially an adapted, predetermined and / or precalculated contour. In particular, the contour is designed to reduce unwanted reflections, preferably in the region of the first transition and / or of the second transition. The contour of the edge, side and / or surface may be formed like a curve, step-like or sawtooth. Thus, the edge, side, and / or surface may have a continuous curve shape, a step shape, tooth contours, or any combination of different contours.

The adjusting element formed as a plate element may be formed of a dielectric. In particular, the dielectric plate member is contactless through the opening into the interior of the bandpass filter section, the first transition and / or the second transition insertable and / or non-contact executable through the opening from the interior.

According to an alternative embodiment, the adjusting element formed as a plate element may be formed from a metal. In particular, the metallic plate member is electrically connected to the bandpass filter section, the first junction and / or the second junction upon insertion and / or passage through the opening. Preferably, the electrical connection is realized by means of a sliding contact. In particular, the metallic plate element is electrically connected by means of the sliding contact with at least one, preferably the opening encircling edge of the opening.

Alternatively, the adjusting element, in particular the plate element formed of metal, can be introduced without contact through the opening into the interior and / or a depression of the bandpass filter section, the first transition and / or the second transition and / or from the interior and / or the depression be executable. Preferably, in this case, a side, a wall, a parting plane, a Holhlleiter broadside and / or a waveguide side wall of the bandpass filter section, in particular in the region of the opening and / or the recess, preferably an edge of the opening and / or depression , a material reinforcement, a low-pass structure and / or a waffle iron structure. In particular, the wall is formed as a waveguide broadside having the opening. When a setting member or a metallic plate member is introduced into the inner space without contact through the opening, currents can be induced. In this way, energy can be coupled out by means of the opening and the introduced adjusting element, which can then be radiated outwards from the adjusting element. This undesired effect can be reduced or avoided by means of a material reinforcement, in particular a material thickening, with a low-pass structure at least in the region of the opening and / or a parting plane.

Preferably, the setting element formed as a plate element in the plane of the plate member by the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter extending opening into the interior of the bandpass filter section, the first transition and / or the second transition is inserted and / or executed from the interior. In particular, the plate element is web-like.

The adjusting device may have at least one adjusting drive, in particular an actuator, for moving and / or adjusting the adjusting element. In particular, the adjusting element can be fixed in different insertion depths. Thus, the adjusting element can be moved by means of the adjusting drive into the interior and / or the recess of the bandpass filter section, the first transition and / or the second transition into and out of this to set the desired upper and / or lower limit frequency. In particular, due to the adjustability of the upper and / or lower limit frequency, a variable separation of a frequency blocking range and a frequency transmission range from a total frequency range can be realized.

Preferably, the adjusting element, in particular the plate element, in electrical and / or electromagnetic operative connection with the bandpass filter section or an inner surface of the interior of the bandpass filter section.

Of particular advantage is a multiplexer or demultiplexer with at least one waveguide filter according to the invention. Here, the waveguide filter may have a high-pass filter characteristic or a low-pass filter characteristic. To form a multiplexer or demultiplexer, the waveguide filter can be combined with at least one circulator, a coupler, in particular a hybrid coupler, a filter, a directional filter and / or a broadband filter. In this case, various combinations of customary standard components for realizing a multiplex function or a demultiplex function are conceivable.

In particular, in the bandpass filter section, in the first transition and / or in the second transition at least one fixed discontinuity, in particular a metallic post, a dielectric post and / or a tuning screw be arranged. Such discontinuities may serve to further optimize the overall characteristics for all cutoff frequency settings.

To form a higher-order filter, a plurality of waveguide filters and / or bandpass filter sections may be coupled together. In particular, a plurality of waveguide filters, bandpass filter sections and / or at least one other common standard component for forming a filter are coupled together to form a multiplexer, an input multiplexer, a demultiplexer and / or an output multiplexer.

Preferably, by means of a multiplexer, in particular in the form of an input multiplexer, at least one signal and / or one sub-frequency range can be selected from a plurality of input signals and / or a broadband input signal. By means of an input multiplexer, a plurality of signals or sub-frequency ranges can be provided from an input signal. A demultiplexer, in particular an output multiplexer, can be designed to combine, combine and / or combine a plurality of individual input signals or subfrequency ranges into a single broadband output signal or overall frequency range.

A waveguide filter according to the invention, a multiplexer according to the invention or a demultiplexer according to the invention can be used, for example, in satellite technology.

Of particular advantage is a method for adjusting a waveguide filter according to the invention, wherein the upper limit frequency and / or the lower limit frequency is adjusted by means of the adjusting device. In particular, the upper and / or lower limit frequency is adjusted by means of a movable adjusting element of the adjusting device. In this case, at least the interior of the bandpass filter section is changed by means of the adjusting element. In particular, by means of the adjusting element, a change in the physical properties of the interior space with respect to an adjustment of the lower and / or upper limit frequency of the bandpass filter section is changed. In this case, due to its mobility, the adjusting element can be guided into the interior space and / or the depression of the bandpass filter section or out of the interior and / or the recess. Preferably, the upper and / or the lower limit frequency is set by means of an adjustable insertion depth of the adjusting element, in particular of the plate element. In this case, the adjusting element or the plate element can be inserted through a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter extending opening into the interior of the bandpass filter section or out of the interior. Preferably, the adjusting element, in particular the plate element, can be introduced simultaneously into the interior of the bandpass filter section, into an inner space of the first transition and / or into an inner space of the second transition or out of their interiors.

Furthermore, a method for dividing or separating a frequency range into at least two partial frequency ranges by means of a demultiplexer according to the invention or for combining or combining at least two partial frequency ranges into an overall frequency range with a multiplexer according to the invention is advantageous. In this case, the adjusting device, in particular with a single movable adjusting element, allows a simple change of the upper and / or lower limit frequency.

Particularly advantageous is the use of the solution according to the invention in connection with a satellite system, in particular a communications satellite. Due to the adjustability of the upper and / or lower limit frequency, a flexible or variable frequency distribution of the total transmission frequency band is made possible in two or more sub-frequency bands.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it:

1 a schematic, sectional side view of a first waveguide filter according to the invention,

2 a schematic, sectional front view of the first waveguide filter according to the invention according to 1 .

3 a plan view of the waveguide filter according to the invention according to 1 and 2 .

4 a schematic, sectional side view of a second waveguide filter according to the invention,

5 a schematic, sectional front view of the second waveguide filter according to the invention according to 4 .

6 a schematic, sectional front view of a third waveguide filter according to the invention,

7 FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a first demultiplexer with a waveguide filter according to the invention, FIG.

8th FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a second demultiplexer with two waveguide filters according to the invention, FIG.

9 a schematic circuit diagram of another demultiplexer with two waveguide filters according to the invention,

10 a schematic, sectional plan view of a fourth waveguide filter according to the invention,

11 a schematic, sectional side view of the fourth waveguide filter according to the invention according to 10 .

12 a schematic, sectional front view of the fourth waveguide filter according to the invention according to 10 and 11 .

13 a schematic, sectional plan view of another waveguide filter according to the invention,

14 a schematic, sectional side view of the further inventive waveguide filter according to 13 .

15 a schematic, sectional front view of the further waveguide filter according to the invention according to 13 and 14 .

16 a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention for adjusting a waveguide filter according to one of 1 to 15 ,

1 shows a schematic, sectional side view of a first inventive waveguide filter 10 , The waveguide filter 10 has a first waveguide connection 11 and a second waveguide terminal 12 on. The two waveguide connections 11 . 12 are located at opposite ends of the waveguide filter 10 , The waveguide filter 10 has a bandpass filter section 13 , between the two waveguide terminals 11 . 12 is arranged. Here is a first transition 14 between the first waveguide terminal 11 and the bandpass filter section 13 and a second transition 15 between the bandpass filter section 13 and the second waveguide terminal 12 arranged.

The waveguide filter 10 has a first waveguide broadside 16 and a second waveguide broadside 17 , The two waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced from each other. This determines the distance between the two waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 from each other a height of an interior 18 the bandpass filter section 13 , The first transition 14 has an interior 19 and the second transition 15 an interior 20 on. In this embodiment, the height of the interiors 18 . 19 due to the distance between the two waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 certainly. An unillustrated cross section of the interiors 18 . 19 . 20 is therefore identical.

The waveguide filter 10 has an adjustment 21 for adjusting at least one cutoff frequency of the waveguide filter 10 on. The adjustment device 21 has an adjustment element 22 , In this embodiment, the adjusting element 22 formed as a plate member. Here is the adjustment 22 formed by way of example from a dielectric material.

The waveguide filter 10 or the adjustment device 21 has an opening 23 on. The opening 23 is formed here slit-like and extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 10 , Here is the opening 23 in the first waveguide broadside 16 brought in. The opening 23 extends from an area of the first transition 12 over the entire length of the bandpass filter section 13 into an area of the second transition 15 ,

The adjustment element 22 is according to the double arrow 24 movable and relative to an edge 25 the opening 23 non-contact through the opening 23 feasible. This is the adjustment 22 in the plane of the plate-like adjusting element 22 movably guided. The direction of movement of the adjusting element 22 is according to the double arrow 24 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 10 and at right angles to the plane of the waveguide broadside 16 aligned. The movement of the adjusting element 22 and the fixing of the adjusting element 22 at a predetermined position can be realized by means of an adjusting drive not shown here.

The adjustment element 22 has an edge 26 on. The edge 26 is the interior 18 the bandpass filter section 13 , the interior 19 the first transition 14 and the interior 20 of the second transition 15 facing. The edge 26 has a contour for reducing or preventing unwanted reflections, especially in the region of the first transition 14 and / or the second transition 15 , on. In this embodiment, the edge 26 a continuously convex curved contour. Alternatively, other curved, stepped or sawtooth contours of the edge 26 possible.

2 shows a schematic, sectional front view of the first waveguide filter according to the invention 10 according to 1 , The waveguide filter and the interior 18 the bandpass filter section 13 have a substantially rectangular Cross-section on. Furthermore, the waveguide filter 10 a first waveguide sidewall 27 and a second waveguide sidewall 28 on. In this embodiment, the two waveguide side walls 27 . 28 aligned parallel to each other and spaced from each other. This determines the distance between the two waveguide side walls 27 . 28 each other a width of the interior 18 the bandpass filter section 13 ,

The opening 23 and the adjustment element 22 are centered with respect to the width of the bandpass filter section 13 or the interior 18 aligned.

3 shows a plan view of the waveguide filter according to the invention 10 according to 1 and 2 , It is good to see that the adjustment element 22 the opening 23 contactless penetrates. Between the edge 25 the opening 23 and the adjusting element 22 a circumferential air gap is formed.

4 shows a schematic, sectional side view of a second waveguide filter according to the invention 29 , The structure and operation of the waveguide filter 29 largely correspond to the waveguide filter 10 according to 1 to 3 , In that regard, the same features carry the same reference numerals.

The adjustment device 21 points at the waveguide filter 29 an adjustment 30 on. The adjustment element 30 largely corresponds in terms of its structure and the operation of the adjustment 22 according to 1 to 3 , However, the adjustment element is 30 formed in this embodiment of a metal, while the adjustment 22 is formed of a dielectric.

The adjustment element 30 can the opening 23 also penetrate without contact. To the emergence of unwanted reflections and / or radiation due to the metallic adjusting element 30 To avoid, has the first waveguide broadside 16 at least in the area of the opening 23 a low-pass structure, not shown here. In this embodiment, this low-pass structure is in a material thickening of the first waveguide broadside 16 realized. As a result, the first waveguide broadside 16 in this embodiment, a greater thickness than the second waveguide broadside 17 ,

5 shows a schematic, sectional front view of the second waveguide filter according to the invention 29 according to 4 ,

Alternatively to the contactless penetration of the first opening shown here 23 by means of the adjusting element 30 can be an electrical connection between the adjustment 30 and the edge 25 the opening 23 be prepared. Such an electrical connection can be realized for example by means of a sliding contact. In this case, you can access a low-pass structure in the area of the opening 23 , For example, in the material thickening of the first waveguide broadside 16 , be waived.

6 shows a schematic, sectional front view of a third waveguide filter according to the invention 31 , The waveguide filter 31 has an adjustment 32 on. The adjustment device 32 has a movable adjustment element 33 , Here is the adjustment 33 at the same time as a first waveguide sidewall 33 educated. Spaced to the adjustment 33 or to the first waveguide sidewall 33 is a second waveguide sidewall 34 arranged. The distance between the first waveguide sidewall 33 and the second waveguide sidewall 34 determines the width of the interior 18 the bandpass filter section 13 , The first waveguide sidewall 33 is according to the double arrow 34 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 31 and between the two waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 by means of an adjusting drive not shown here movable. Due to the thus changeable adjustable width of the interior 18 is a cutoff frequency of the waveguide filter 31 adjustable.

In this embodiment, the adjusting element extends 33 to the area of the transitions 14 . 15 , whereby at a change of the upper or lower limit frequency at the same time a corresponding adjustment of the transitions 14 . 15 he follows.

7 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a first demultiplexer 35 with a waveguide filter according to the invention 10 , Instead of the waveguide filter 10 can also be a waveguide filter 29 or 31 be provided. In this embodiment, the waveguide filter 10 designed as an adjustable high-pass filter.

An entrance 36 of the demulsifier 35 is with a circulator 37 connected. The circulator 37 again with the first waveguide connection 11 of the waveguide filter 10 connected. The second waveguide connection 12 of the waveguide filter 10 is with a first exit 38 connected. There is also a second exit 39 with the circulator 37 connected.

In this embodiment, one at the entrance 36 applied total frequency band are divided into two sub-frequency bands. Here, the division with a change in the lower limit frequency of the waveguide filter 10 be changed as needed.

Accordingly, in this embodiment, an upper frequency subband is at the first output 38 and a lower frequency band at the second output 39 at.

In an alternative embodiment, the waveguide filter 10 be designed as a low-pass filter. Here, the interfaces for the lower and the upper frequency subband would be interchanged with respect to the variant shown here.

In a further alternative, the components of the demulsifier 35 adapted or replaced to obtain a multiplexer, in particular by changing the direction of rotation of the circulator shown here.

8th shows a schematic circuit diagram of a second demultiplexer 40 with two waveguide filters according to the invention 10 , The construction is based on that of the demultiplexer 35 according to 7 , In that regard, reference is also made to the preceding description. In contrast to this is the demulitplexer 40 between the circulator 37 and the second exit 39 an additional filter 41 arranged.

In this embodiment, the additional filter is used 41 to improve the frequency selection in the upper subfrequency band. This is where the filter points 41 another circulator 42 on that between the first circulator 37 and the second exit 39 is arranged. The further circulator 42 is with another waveguide filter 10 connected. The filter 41 is here exemplified as an additional circulator module.

9 shows a schematic circuit diagram of another demultiplexer 43 with two waveguide filters according to the invention 10 , Instead of the waveguide filter 10 can also be a waveguide filter 29 . 31 or 56 be provided.

Here is between the entrance 36 and the second exit 39 a coupler 44 arranged. Furthermore, the coupler 44 each with the first waveguide port 11 the two waveguide filters 10 connected.

The two Hohlleiter bandpass filters 10 are connected in parallel and each formed in this embodiment as a high-pass filter whose lower limit frequency is adjustable.

The two second waveguide connections 12 the two waveguide filters 10 are with another coupler 45 connected, in turn, with the first output 38 connected is. The two couplers 44 . 45 are formed in this embodiment as a hybrid coupler.

In an alternative embodiment, the two waveguide filters 10 be designed as a low-pass filter. Here, the interfaces for the lower and the upper frequency subband would be interchanged with respect to the variant shown here.

In a further alternative, the components of the demulsifier 43 adjusted or replaced to obtain a multiplexer.

10 shows a schematic, sectional top view of a fourth inventive waveguide filter 46 , With regard to the same features, reference is made to the above description.

The waveguide filter 46 has an adjustment 47 on. The adjustment device 47 has an adjustment element 48 for setting or changing at least one cutoff frequency. The waveguide filter 46 has an opening 49 on. In this embodiment, the opening 49 formed like a slit.

In this embodiment, the opening realizes 49 a longitudinal dividing plane 50 and a first transverse dividing plane 51 and a second transverse parting plane 52 , The longitudinal dividing plane 50 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 46 , Here is the longitudinal dividing plane 50 in a neutral zone between the two waveguide sidewalls 27 . 28 arranged. In essence, the longitudinal dividing plane 50 centered in relation to the waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 arranged. The two transverse dividing planes 51 . 52 are perpendicular to the longitudinal parting plane 50 and aligned parallel to each other. Starting from two opposite ends of the longitudinal dividing plane 50 the transverse dividing planes extend 51 . 52 to the outside and through the second waveguide side wall 28 , Alternatively, the two separation planes can 51 . 52 starting from the longitudinal parting plane 50 in the direction of the first waveguide side wall 27 extend to the outside.

Because of the opening 49 or the parting planes 50 . 51 . 52 is the adjustment element 48 as a separate part of the bandpass filter section 13 educated. In this embodiment, the opening extends 49 or the longitudinal separation plane 50 into an area of the first transition 14 and the second transition 15 , This also extends the adjustment 48 into an area of the first transition 14 and the second transition 15 , In this embodiment, the transverse dividing planes are 51 . 52 in an area of the first transition 14 or the second transition 15 arranged. Thus, the adjustment element 48 due to the opening 49 or the arrangement or formation of the parting planes 50 . 51 . 52 defined or formed.

The adjustment element 48 is according to the double arrow 53 movable or adjustable. According to the double arrow 53 is the adjustment element 48 perpendicular to the longitudinal parting plane 50 movable. Because of the opening 49 or the parting planes 50 . 51 . 52 indicates the bandpass filter section 13 a depression 54 on. In this embodiment, the recess 54 formed substantially U-shaped according to the plan view shown here. In the depression 54 is the adjustment element 48 received.

In this embodiment, the adjusting element 48 contactless to the depression 54 guided. In the area of the two transverse dividing planes 51 . 52 are not shown here low-pass structures available to unwanted deterioration in a change in position of the adjustment 48 to prevent a change in the insertion loss or the reflection loss.

11 shows a schematic, sectional side view of the fourth waveguide filter according to the invention 46 according to 10 , The waveguide filter 46 is formed as a low-pass filter and has a groove structure in this embodiment 55 in the area of the bandpass filter section 13 on. 11 shows a cross section AA according to 10 , in which 10 the cross section BB according to 11 shows.

In this embodiment, the two transverse parting planes extend 51 . 52 from an outside of the first waveguide broadside 16 to an outside of the second waveguide broadside 17 ,

12 shows a schematic, sectional front view of the fourth waveguide filter according to the invention 46 according to 10 and 11 , This shows 12 a section CC according to 10 , Good to see is that the longitudinal dividing plane 50 in this embodiment, from the outside of the first waveguide broadside 16 to the outside of the second waveguide broadside 17 extends. Here is the longitudinal dividing plane 50 parallel and centered with respect to the waveguide sidewalls 27 . 28 ,

13 shows a schematic, sectional plan view of another waveguide filter according to the invention 56 , The waveguide filter 56 largely corresponds to the waveguide filter 46 according to 10 to 12 , In that regard, reference is also made to the preceding description.

The waveguide filter 56 has an adjustment 57 with a setting element 58 for setting or changing at least one cutoff frequency. The waveguide filter 56 has an opening 59 on. In this embodiment, the opening 59 formed like a slit.

In this embodiment, the opening realizes 59 a longitudinal dividing plane 60 and a first transverse dividing plane 61 and a second transverse parting plane 62 , The longitudinal dividing plane 60 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 56 , Here is the longitudinal dividing plane 60 in a neutral zone between the two waveguide sidewalls 27 . 28 arranged. In essence, the longitudinal dividing plane 60 centered in relation to the waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 arranged. The two transverse dividing planes 61 . 62 are perpendicular to the longitudinal parting plane 60 and aligned parallel to each other. Starting from two opposite ends of the longitudinal dividing plane 60 the transverse dividing planes extend 61 . 62 to the outside and through the second waveguide side wall 28 , Alternatively, the two separation planes can 61 . 62 starting from the longitudinal parting plane 60 in the direction of the first waveguide side wall 27 extend to the outside.

Because of the opening 59 or the parting planes 60 . 61 . 62 as well as the second longitudinal separating plane, which can not be more closely identified here 64 and third longitudinal separation plane 65 is the adjustment element 58 as a separate part of the bandpass filter section 13 educated. In this embodiment, the opening extends 59 or the longitudinal separation planes 60 . 64 . 65 into an area of the first transition 14 and the second transition 15 , This also extends the adjustment 58 into an area of the first transition 14 and the second transition 15 , In this embodiment, the transverse dividing planes are 61 . 62 in an area of the first transition 14 or the second transition 15 arranged. Thus, the adjustment element 58 due to the opening 59 or the arrangement or formation of the parting planes 60 . 61 . 62 . 64 . 65 defined or formed.

The adjustment element 58 is according to the double arrow 53 movable or adjustable. According to the double arrow 53 is the adjustment element 58 perpendicular to the longitudinal parting plane 60 movable. Because of the opening 59 or the parting planes 60 . 61 . 62 . 64 . 65 indicates the bandpass filter section 13 a depression 63 on. In this embodiment, the recess 63 formed in accordance with the plan view shown here is substantially rectangular or in the bandpass filter section 13 admitted. In the depression 63 is the adjustment element 58 received.

In this embodiment, the adjusting element 58 contactless to the depression 63 guided. In the area of the two transversal separating planes 61 . 62 as well as the longitudinal parting planes 64 . 65 are not shown here low-pass structures available to unwanted deterioration in a change in position of the adjustment 58 to prevent a change in the insertion loss or the reflection loss.

14 shows a schematic, sectional side view of the further waveguide filter according to the invention 56 according to 13 , This shows 14 a section AA according to 13 , The 13 again shows a section BB according to 14 ,

The first transverse dividing plane 61 and the second transverse dividing plane 62 extend at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 56 , The two dividing planes 61 . 62 and the adjustment element 58 are mirror-symmetrical to one in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 56 aligned extending center plane. In this embodiment, the two dividing planes end 61 . 62 in an area within the waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 , which causes the dividing planes 61 . 62 not up to an outside of the waveguide broadsides 16 . 17 extend.

Furthermore, a second longitudinal dividing plane 64 and a third longitudinal dividing plane 65 available. The dividing planes 64 . 65 extend at right angles to the longitudinal parting plane 60 as well as at right angles to the transverse dividing planes 61 . 62 , This is by means of the parting planes 60 . 61 . 62 . 64 and 65 a rectangular depression 63 within the waveguide filter 56 educated.

15 shows a schematic, sectional front view of the further waveguide filter according to the invention 56 according to 13 and 14 , This corresponds 15 a section CC according to 13 , It can be seen that the longitudinal dividing plane 60 in this embodiment of a region within the first waveguide broadside 16 to a region within the second waveguide broadside 17 extends. Here is the longitudinal dividing plane 50 parallel and centered with respect to the waveguide sidewalls 27 . 28 ,

16 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention for adjusting a waveguide filter 10 . 29 . 31 according to one of 1 to 15 ,

After starting according to the step S10, an adjusting drive is activated in accordance with a step S11. By means of the adjusting drive is in accordance with step S12, an adjustment 22 . 30 . 33 to change an upper and / or lower limit frequency moves. The movement of the adjusting element 22 . 30 . 33 can lead to an insertion of the adjusting element 22 . 30 . 33 in an interior 18 . 19 . 20 into or out of an interior 18 . 19 . 20 lead out. As soon as the desired change in the upper and / or lower limit frequency has been reached, deactivation of the adjustment drive and blocking of the adjustment element takes place according to step S13 22 . 30 . 33 , Then, the process in step S14 is ended.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Waveguide filter

11

First waveguide connection

12

Second waveguide connection

13

Bandpass filter section

14

First transition

15

Second transition

16

First waveguide broadside

17

Second waveguide broadside

18

inner space

19

inner space

20

inner space

21

adjustment

22

adjustment

23

opening

24

double arrow

25

edge

26

edge

27

First waveguide sidewall

28

Second waveguide sidewall

29

Waveguide filter

30

adjustment

31

Waveguide filter

32

adjustment

33

Adjustment element / first waveguide sidewall

34

Second waveguide sidewall

35

demultiplexer

36

entrance

37

circulator

38

first exit

39

second exit

40

demultiplexer

41

additional filter

42

circulator

43

demultiplexer

44

coupler

45

coupler

46

Waveguide Bandpassfiler

47

adjustment

48

adjustment

49

opening

50

Longitudinal dividing plane

51

First transverse dividing plane

52

Second transverse dividing plane

53

double arrow

54

deepening

55

groove structure

56

Waveguide filter

57

adjustment

58

adjustment

59

opening

60

Longitudinal dividing plane

61

First transverse dividing plane

62

Second transverse dividing plane

63

deepening

64

Second longitudinal dividing plane

65

Third longitudinal dividing plane

S10

begin

S11

Activation of an adjustment drive

S12

Move an adjustment to change a cutoff frequency

S13

Deactivate the adjustment drive and block the adjustment element

S14

The End

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19736367 A1 [0002]
• DE 102015006368 [0004]

Claims (17)

Waveguide filter with a first waveguide connection ( 11 ) and with a second waveguide connection ( 12 ), wherein a bandpass filter section ( 13 ) between the first waveguide terminal ( 11 ) and the second waveguide terminal ( 12 ), characterized in that an upper limit frequency and / or a lower limit frequency by means of an adjusting device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) is adjustable. Waveguide filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the setting means ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) at least one or a single movable and / or with respect to its position with respect to the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) adjustable setting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) for setting the cutoff frequency, in particular the cutoff frequency by means of a change in position of the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) is adjustable, preferably for adjusting the cutoff frequency is a change of an interior space ( 18 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), in particular over at least the entire length of the interior space ( 18 ), by means of the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) feasible. Waveguide filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by means of the adjusting device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ), in particular by means of at least one or a single movable adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ), a width and / or a height of an interior space ( 18 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) is adjustable for changing the cutoff frequency, in particular the width of the interior space ( 18 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) due to two spaced-apart waveguide sidewalls ( 27 . 28 ) and / or the height of the interior ( 18 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) due to two spaced waveguide broadsides ( 16 . 17 ), wherein at least one waveguide sidewall ( 27 . 28 ) and / or at least one waveguide broadside ( 16 . 17 ) as a movable adjusting element ( 33 ) for changing the distance of the two waveguide side walls ( 27 . 28 ) and / or the distance of the two waveguide broadsides ( 16 . 17 ) is formed from each other. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) in several parts, in particular at least two parts, is formed, wherein a part of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) as an adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) of the adjustment device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) is formed, preferably, the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) transversely and / or at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) and transversely and / or at right angles to a plane of a waveguide broadside ( 16 . 17 ), in particular, the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) a recess ( 54 . 63 ) for receiving the adjusting element ( 48 . 58 ) on. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the first waveguide terminal ( 11 ) and the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) a first transition ( 14 ) and / or between the second waveguide connection ( 12 ) and the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) a second transition ( 15 ), in particular a setting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) of the adjustment device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) at least partially into a region of the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ), preferably the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ), in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter ( 10 . 29 . 31 ), from an area of the first transition ( 14 ) through the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) into an area of the second transition ( 15 ). Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the band-pass filter section ( 13 ) at least one parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter ( 10 . 29 . 31 . 46 . 56 ) extending opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ), in particular a slot, a gap and / or a parting plane ( 60 . 61 . 62 . 64 . 65 ), preferably the opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) centrally with respect to the width of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), in particular the opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) at least over the entire bandpass filter section ( 13 ) and / or is in an electrically neutral zone of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) arranged. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) a first waveguide broadside ( 16 ) and a second waveguide broadside ( 17 ), wherein an opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) and / or a parting plane ( 50 . 60 ) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter ( 10 . 29 . 31 ) in the middle in the first waveguide broadside ( 16 ) and / or in the second waveguide broadside ( 17 ), in particular a first opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) in the first waveguide broadside ( 16 ) and a second opening in the second waveguide broadside ( 17 ) and / or the opening extends over the entire height of the bandpass filter section (FIG. 13 ). Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one is (parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide filter 10 . 29 . 31 ) in the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) extending opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) and / or parting plane ( 50 . 60 ) at least partially into the area of a first transition ( 14 ) and / or a second transition ( 15 ), in particular the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second Crossing ( 15 ) is formed as a continuous transition and / or as a waveguide transformer. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one adjusting element ( 22 ) of the adjustment device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) as a movable and with respect to its position with respect to the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) adjustable plate element is formed, in particular, the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) for setting the cutoff frequency at least partially into an interior space ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or a recess ( 54 . 63 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), a first transition ( 14 ) and / or a second transition ( 15 ), preferably, the cutoff frequency by means of the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) and depending on the insertion depth of the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) in the interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or the recess ( 54 . 63 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ) adjustable. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one edge ( 26 ) of a setting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) an opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) and / or a recess ( 54 . 63 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) for insertion into the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), in the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ), preferably for insertion into the bandpass filter section (FIG. 13 ), in the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ) provided edge ( 26 ) at least partially a matched, predetermined and / or pre-calculated contour for reducing reflections, in particular in the region of the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ), Preferably, the contour is curved, step-like or sawtooth-shaped. Waveguide filter according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the adjusting element formed as a plate element ( 22 ) is formed from a dielectric, in particular, the dielectric plate member is contactless through the opening ( 23 ) in the interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ) and / or from the interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) executable. Waveguide filter according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the adjusting element formed as a plate element ( 22 ) is formed of a metal, in particular the metallic plate element is electrically connected to the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ), preferably by means of a sliding contact with a rim ( 25 ) of the opening ( 23 ), when inserting and / or passing through the opening ( 23 ) connected. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a setting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) contactlessly through an opening ( 23 ) in the interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or into a depression ( 54 . 63 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ) or from the interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or the recess ( 54 . 63 ) is executable, preferably has a side or wall of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ) in the region of the opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) and / or the recess ( 54 . 63 ), in particular an edge ( 25 ) of the opening ( 23 . 49 . 59 ) and / or the recess ( 54 . 63 ), a material reinforcement having a low-pass structure, preferably a waffle-iron structure. Waveguide filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) at least one adjusting drive, in particular an actuator, for moving and / or adjusting an adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ), in particular the adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) at different insertion depths relative to an interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or a recess ( 54 . 63 ) determinable. Multiplexer or demultiplexer with at least one waveguide filter ( 10 . 29 . 31 . 46 . 56 ), preferably with a high-pass filter characteristic or a low-pass filter characteristic, according to one of the preceding claims, in particular in combination with at least one circulator ( 37 . 42 ), a coupler ( 44 . 45 ), a filter ( 41 ), a directional filter and / or a broadband filter, preferably in the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), in the first transition ( 14 ) and / or in the second transition ( 15 ) at least one fixed discontinuity, in particular a metallic post, a dielectric post and / or a tuning screw arranged. Method for adjusting a waveguide filter ( 10 . 29 . 31 . 46 . 56 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, wherein the lower and / or upper limit frequency are adjusted by means of an adjusting device ( 21 . 32 . 47 . 57 ) is set, in particular the lower and / or upper cutoff frequency by means of a for changing an interior space ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) for selectively inserting and executing with respect to an interior space ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or in relation to a well ( 54 . 63 ) of the bandpass filter section ( 13 ), the first transition ( 14 ) and / or the second transition ( 15 ) movable adjusting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ), preferably the lower and / or upper cutoff frequency is adjusted by means of an adjustable insertion depth of a setting element ( 22 . 33 . 48 . 58 ) in an interior ( 18 . 19 . 20 ) and / or into a depression ( 54 . 63 ) of the bandpass Filter section ( 18 ), the first transition ( 19 ) and / or the second transition ( 20 ). Method for dividing a frequency range into at least two sub-frequency ranges by means of a demultiplexer ( 35 . 40 . 43 ) according to claim 15 or for combining at least two partial frequency ranges to a total frequency range with a multiplexer according to claim 15.

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