DE102015001388A1 - Apparatus for recovering deep earth heat by means of an "earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector" with weight-reduced geothermal heat transfer line by prestressing - Google Patents

Abstract

This German utility patent application AZ. 20 2014 002 215.1 shows the design features of an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector (5) which in addition to its function to be able to produce geothermal energy, also fully covers the following boundary conditions in order to be able to approve. Boundary conditions • Groundwater protection. • Safety against earthmoving for the respective place of use. • Support points for the installation of the geothermal heat transfer line (5.3) which do not impede a pulling process. • Reduction of the weight of the geothermal heat transport pipe (5.3) • The possibility of pulling and re-installing the geothermal heat pipe (5.3) • Backpressure possibility to increase the adhesive pull between casing and mountain. How these boundary conditions are to be covered constructively was described in detail in the Explanatory Report, the description of the figures and Figures 1 to 9, described and explained. The cover of all boundary conditions in such a deep earth heat collector is the main task of this protection application.

Description

1.0 Foreword

• a) Grundwasserschutz beim Lastfall ”Rohrbruch” (Wärmeträger Öl o. ä.)
• b) Sicherheit gegen Erdbewegungen (kleine und mittlere Erdbeben).
• c) Stabilitätserhöhende Wärmeisolierung in der Überbrückungsstrecke
• d) Gewichtsreduzierung und Lastabtragungen der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung durch Vorspannung.
• e) Das Einbauen der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung in unzugänglichen Tiefen.
• f) Temperaturänderungen und damit verbundene Längenänderungen.
• g) Das Ziehen und Wiedereinbauen der Erdwärmeabführleitung,
• h) Öffnungsspalt/Möglichkeit zur Einbringung von Verpressungsmaterials zwischen Gebirge und Mantelrohr über das Rohrgelenk.

In this utility model application, it is all about the construction of a Tiefenerdwärmekollektor to make so that it not only fulfills its mission as Erdwärmetransporteur, but also covers the boundary conditions which are required by the market, which are there:

• a) Groundwater protection in case of load "pipe break" (heat transfer oil or similar)
• b) Safety against earth movements (small and medium earthquakes).
• c) Stability enhancing thermal insulation in the bridging path
• d) Weight reduction and load transfer of the geothermal discharge line by bias.
• e) Installing the geothermal heat pipe at inaccessible depths.
• f) temperature changes and related changes in length.
• g) The removal and replacement of the geothermal heat pipe,
• h) opening gap / possibility for introducing Verpressungsmaterials between mountains and jacket pipe over the pipe joint.

To cover these additional boundary conditions, in addition to the intended deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) already "state of the art" a completely new construction. The result was the "Erdbewegungsresistent Tieferdwärmekollektor ( 5 ) "( 1 - 9 ) with weight-reduced, pre-stressed Erdwärmeabtransportleitungsteilen. 2.0 outline no. no. description 1.0 foreword 2.0 structure 3.0 Short break of the laws of nature 3.1 natural conditions 3.2 Natural laws and its derivation on the construction Mindestabteufwinkel and Wärmeausdehnungskodifizient 4.0 Brief description of the operating principle 5.0 Item Overview 6.0 Construction description of the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector with the respective solutions 7.0 Figure description 1 to 10 8.0 Summary and conclusion 9.0 protection claims 10.0 Facilities: construction drawings, 10 figures as system drawings.

3.0 Brief outline of the laws of nature relating to the construction of an "earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector"

3.1 Natural conditions

• • It is known that with increasing depth, the mountains get hotter and hotter, until after about 50. Km depth it hits the liquid core. This creates a constant flow of heat from the Earth's interior towards the Earth's surface.
• • The choice of material and its thickness, in connection with its type weight and the bearing distances, influence the weight of the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) in its subarea.
• • Earthquakes are uncontrolled horizontal earth movements that can affect a deep earth heat collector. This fact must be taken into account in advance of the construction. They are not very common in Germany and not so pronounced but to ignore this possible load case is, with the high creation costs, criminal lightheartedness.

3.2 Natural Laws Applicable:

• - For process engineering -
  • a. The law of the communicating tube.
  • b. The mass equality principle.
  • c. The thermal contact transmission expands to derive the Mindestabteufwinkel.
  • d. Expansion of all materials with thermal increase.

3.2.1 Short explanations to the mentioned laws of nature

3.2.1.1 - General -

It is known that process techniques, which are based on the derivation of natural laws, can not be patented. Nevertheless, the relevant laws of nature have to be briefly touched on here so that the observer recognizes why the construction of the earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) was chosen to meet all requirements with its boundary conditions. (see 1.0 foreword point a to h)

3.2.1.2 points a to d

• • The laws of nature of points a and b are well known in the art.
• • The natural law of thermal contact transmission needs to be supplemented with regard to the drilling angle when using several deep geothermal collectors ( 1 + 5 ), which were closed together on the earth's surface in a circle.

• • Die Wärmeübertragung beruht darauf, dass die Molekühle mit größerer thermischer Energie einen Teil ihrer Energie an das Nachbarmolekühl mit geringerer thermischer Energie bei der Berührung übertragen. Ein Wärmefluss von a nach b erfolgt, bis diese sich thermisch ausgeglichen haben. Erfolgt eine gleichbleibende und ständige Wärmeentnahme, stellt sich im Untergrund ein Temperaturabsenkungstrichter ein, welcher den Wärmefluss von A nach B steuert. – Zitatende –

Implementation and derivation of the supplement Aus ( 1 and "state of the art")

• • The heat transfer is based on the fact that the molecules with higher thermal energy transfer part of their energy to the neighbor molecule with less thermal energy at the touch. A heat flow from a to b takes place until they have thermally balanced. If there is a constant and constant removal of heat, a temperature reduction funnel is established in the underground, which controls the heat flow from A to B. - Quote end -

• • Stehen zwei oder mehrere Tiefenerdwärmekollektoren zu dicht nebeneinander können diese sich über den Temperaturabsenkungstrichter gegenseitig beeinflussen. Damit dies ausgeschlossen werden kann, müssen diese beim Beginn der Wärmeaufnahmefläche (Teilbereich III) weiter von einander entfernt sein wie zweimal der Radius des Temperaturabsenkungstrichters in diesem Bereich.

With reference to a deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) and ( 5 ) this means:

• • If two or more deep earth heat collectors are too close together, they can influence each other via the temperature reduction funnel. For this to be ruled out, they must be farther apart from each other at the beginning of the heat receiving surface (sub-area III) than twice the radius of the temperature-descending funnel in this area.

• • Der Mindestneigungswinkel bei einer Vielzahl kreisförmig abgeteufter Tiefenerdwärmekollektoren (1 oder 5) wird von den örtlichen Gegebenheiten, in Verbindung mit dem Temperaturabsenkungstrichter vorgegeben und kann deshalb, wegen der unterschiedlichen Leitfähigkeit des Bodens von Anlage zu Anlage unterschiedlich sein. Deshalb wird dies hier nur zur Vervollständigung erwähnt.

And this means, based on the Abteufneigungswinkel:

• • The minimum angle of inclination for a large number of circularly submerged deep-earth heat collectors ( 1 or 5 ) is determined by the local conditions, in connection with the temperature lowering funnel and can therefore be different from plant to plant because of the different conductivity of the soil. Therefore, this is mentioned here only to complete.

To point 3.2 part d - temperature influence -

It is known that all materials expand when the temperature increases. Each material has its own thermal expansion coefficient. With the dimension considered here, this law of nature in the length measurement of the individual sections of the riser / Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) of highest importance. Failure to do so threatens a collapse of the entire interior design. Eg: Missed support surface ( 5.1.5 ) due to change in length of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) or jamming of the combined flanges ( 5.3.1 ) in case of load "disassembly".

Point 3.2 Part e - Location of the geothermal heat transport pipeline -

• • The centric position is of greater importance from a static point of view: if the ground vibrates briefly as a result of shifts in the earth's surface, it will be briefly and jerkily placed in the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) a pressure and a tensile zone. So that the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) in sub-areas I and II is not crushed in this power game, the situation in the transition region between the pressure and tension zone must be settled. This area is located, in a circular cross-section, in the immediate vicinity of the center.

4.0 Brief description of the operating principle

• Preliminary remark:

• a. Steck- bzw. Einschub-Rohrgelenke auszubilden (Biegemoment im Rohrgelenk gleich Null) und
• b. Auflager (5.1.5) für die Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3) zu schaffen.

The ground-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ), as with all protection applications, a cased deep hole such as ( 1 ) but here with different drill and cross sections around:

• a. Plug-in or insertion pipe joints form (bending moment in the pipe joint equal to zero) and
• b. In stock ( 5.1.5 ) for the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) to accomplish.

In the interior of the earth-resisting deep earth heat collector is the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) which for reasons of weight and other boundary conditions (see point a to h of page 1) has a completely different construction. (please refer 1 to 9 ) This distinguishes the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector with a prestressed geothermal heat pipe ( 5 + 5.3 ) considerably from the known deep-earth heat collectors ( 1 )

• The flow chart:

(From utility model protection ( 1 ) or in similar form from the filtration technology, already state of the "generally accepted rules of technology", here also only to the completion.)

The liquid heat carrier, which comes from the exit from the heat exchanger, flows to one or more ground-resisting deep-earth heat collector (s) ( 5 ), and then the entire passage of the ground-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ), ie downpipes ( 5.2 ) and contact distance ( 5.7.2 ), to go through. During the sinking process in the contact section ( 5.7.2 ) the heat carrier tries to accept the temperature from the contact surface. The heat transfer medium now becomes hotter and deeper with increasing depth. In the lower part of the earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ), but above the oil sump, flows the now heated heat carrier, according to the law of the communicating tube on the side mounted holes ( 5.3.5 ) and from below into the heat removal line ( 5.3 ) and then rises at high speed up to the heat exchanger. After the thermal reduction of the heat carrier in the heat exchanger, the latter now reads via a pressure booster system against the earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) and the process begins again. This method belongs to the "state of the art". Only by covering and implementing the additional boundary conditions of page 1 is a completely new deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) constructed and presented.

5.0 item overview of the individual components

5.1 Preliminary remark:

• - The earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) starts at the respective inlet flange above the lid ( 5.1.1 ) and ends at the outlet flange, also above the lid ( 5.1.1 ). Everything that is mounted above the cover belongs to the "state of the art" for the generation of electricity and is not part of this protection application. -
• - The positioning is from the surface of the earth to the interior of the earth and was selected according to the following ranges:
• a. Outer jacket ( 5.1 ) of the ground-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) and sump ( 5.1.2 ), Plug-in or pipe joint training ( 5.1.4 ) and support surface ( 5.1.5 ) for the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) of the jacket tube ( 5.1 + 5.1.3.1 ), including the possibility of back wall crimping ( 5.1.7 ). and a temperature-resistant elastomer ( 5.1.8 ) in and above the movement opening ( 5.1.6 ).
• b. Bridging route ( 5.2 ) with inlet to the contact section ( 5.7.2 ) together with stabilizing thermal insulation ( 5.2.1 + 5.2.2 ) in subarea I and II.
• c. Geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) together with combination flange ( 5.3.1.0 to 5.3.1.9 ) with several functions as:
• I) connecting flange,
• II) spacers,
• III) jacket tube stabilizer and
• IV) preload abutment, etc. together with pipe joint training ( 5 to 9 )
• V) leader wire ropes ( 5.3.1.5 ) serve simultaneously as a connecting element of two pipes according to 5a . 5b and 6 ,
• d. The pulling of the geothermal discharge line by means of pull cables ( 5.4 ) was touched on for completeness only. But because of the then required pipe wall thickness deleted, especially since the pulling much easier can be accomplished with an external drawbar because there are no more obstacles.
• d. Pipe connection ( 5.5 ) of the individual sections in the plug method.
• f. Oil barriers ( 5.6 )
• G. Definitions or similar ( 5.7 )

Assignment sections: Subarea I Deep earth heat collector head with oil sump (Fig. 1) Subarea II Deep earth heat collector in the area of the bridging path to the contact section (FIGS. 2 to 4) Subarea III Deep earth heat collector in the contact area Subarea IV Deep earth heat collector in the area of the inlet into the geothermal heat transfer line and the oil sump (FIG. 9) position description 5.0 Earthmoving resistant deep earth heat collector with weight reduced, pre-stressed geothermal heat sink. 5.1 Outer coat 5.1.1 The lid. Material: Stainless steel V2A according to material no. 1.4301 Commercially available curved X-piece according to PN 16, provided with a pipe feed-through for the earth-resisting discharge pipe ( 5.3 ) as inlet for the heat exchanger and four pipe feedthroughs for the inlet of the sinking section as well as connecting pieces for aeration and venting. 5.1.2 Oil sump, material: stainless steel V 2A according to material no. 1.4301 with bottom welded to the jacket pipe 5.1.3 5.1.3 Jacket pipe to the first pipe joint below the third groundwater stick. Material: Stainless steel V 2 A Material no. 1.4301 5.1.3.1 Sheath pipes graduated according to the individual pipe diameter over all pipe joints ( 5.1.4 ), including the oil sump at the lower end of the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5.0 ). Material quality: Selected and adapted to local conditions to prevent corrosion. 5.1.4 "Pipe in pipe - pipe joint" (Fig. 7 to 9), each with two different inner diameters. 5.1.5 Support surface for a portion of the geothermal heat transfer line. 5.1.6 Movement opening for the pipe joint ( 5.1.4 ) Usable for the back wall crimping ( 5.1.7 ) of the jacket tube ( 5.1.3.1 ) 5.1.7 Hinterwandverpressung to increase the adhesion to the mountains 5.1.8 Temperature resistant elastomer 5.2 Supply lines through the bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) (Subarea I + II) to the contact route ( 5.7.2 ), with thermally insulated sheathing, as a bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) of the colder earth layers 5.2.1 Ceramic or high-temperature-resistant acrylic glass beads or the like as stabilization of the transition section (Part II) against earth movements, with simultaneous thermal insulation against the soil, starting from the cover ( 5.1.1 ) until the start of the contact route ( 5.7.2 ). 5.2.2 Water soluble but high temperature resistant glue / glue 5.3 Erdwärmeabtransportleitung along with all necessary internals 5.3.1.0 Combination connection flange with the following construction features: 5.3.1.1 - Holes for a tensile flange connection. 5.3.1.2 - Holes for the heat transfer, oil or similar. 5.3.1.3 - not applicable - 5.3.1.4 - Thickening of the combination flanges for the power of the bias 5.3.1.5 - Vorspanndrahtseile, high-strength forged together at both ends to a threaded rod for abutment and flange and threaded. Material: stainless steel 5.3.1.6 - Knot plates welded firmly for the abutment reinforcement. 5.3.1.7 - preload nut with clamping washer. 5.3.1.8 - Lock nut with clamping washer. 5.3.1.9 - Web plate to reinforce the joint node training. 5.3.1.10 Oil and temperature resistant gasket with steel insert 5.3.2 Tolerance length / tolerance gap of a section 5.3.3 Closed bearing disc, but with non-positive openings for, a) the 4 pcs. Inlet pipes and b) the geothermal heat transfer line in the transitional area, sub-area II to sub-area III, and abutment for the biasing cables for the geothermal heat transfer line 5.3.4 Venturi spout with internal cone, otherwise as before. 5.3.5 Perforated inlet pipe, section IV. 5.4 A dismantling device, with retracted "pull ropes" on site, is too time-consuming and has therefore been deleted. Instead, a pulling device is externally favored. 5.5 Pipe joint of subsections II-IV 5.5.1 Extended pipe socket with several rolled ring seals. 5.5.2 Extended socket with insertion bell. (Sleeve longer than the pipe socket) 5.6 oil booms 5.7 definitions 5.7.1 Bridging distance. (Distance between the earth's surface and the hotter earth strata, approx. 2,500 m below ground level.) 5.7.2 Contact range. (Distance in which the heat transfer medium is to assume the temperatures of the respective mountain horizons) (see 1) 5.7.3 Groundwater protection. 5.7.4 Preload, 5.7.5 Back wall grouting material: Ca-Si dispersion with embedded micro-metals and polymers 1 Deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) (see AZ 20 2011 104 515.7)

6.0 Design features (compare 1.0 Foreword)

Foreword:

• • The calculation and design of a deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) and ( 5 ) is not a matter of this protection application and is therefore not dealt with here.
• • The design features can be derived from the load cases which an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 6 ) and which additional condition this must fulfill in order to survive on the market.

6.1 Acceptable load cases

6.1.1 Load case "Earth movements"

The ground-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) is a part of an energy production plant, which from the depths of the earth, so from areas of 2,500 meters to 7,000 meters and lower, heat for a technical purpose and promote the heat exchanger of the power plant to provide. Ie. this earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) is fixed, like a hose, embedded in the mountains. But this also means that he has to participate directly and directly in all movements of the mountains. In the event of an earthquake, damage may therefore occur which would impair the function of the deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) can be sensitive. To prevent this from happening, the design must be designed for the largest load case to be assumed. And this is the load case "earthquake".

It is irrelevant whether these earth movements of natural origin or man-made. Here in Germany we actually have a quiet mountain range. Nevertheless, it happens that smaller earthquakes are also registered in Germany. This is reinforced to determine where the human has intervened in the underground or is still doing it permanently. Therefore, a category 4 earthquake seems to be the largest possible load case. This load case most probably covers all other load cases occurring in Germany, for an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) with.

6.1.2 Load case "Disassembly of the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) "For the purpose of a necessary repair.

• • The load case has to be considered, but, derived from the wall thickness determination, it has been found that an external drawbar is more useful because otherwise much larger wall thicknesses are required.

6.1.3 Load case "Temperature increase"

• • This load case must be taken into account with all components, otherwise the construction is endangered or is a subsequent dismantling of the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) very difficult.

6.1.4 Load case "weight loss in the mountains"

• 6.2.0 Kurzbeschreibung der Randbedingungen welcher ein erdbewegungswiderstehender Tiefenerdwärmekollektor (5) zusätzlich erfüllen muss.
• 6.2.1 Grundwasserschutz, weil als Wärmeträger Öl o. ä. gewählt wurde.
• 6.2.2 Erdbewegungen (kleine und mittlere Erdbeben) Lastfall 6.1.1 Erdbewegungen”
• 6.2.3 Stabilitätserhöhende Wärmeisolierung in der Überbrückungsstrecke.
• 6.2.4 Gewichtsreduzierung der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung
• 6.2.5 Das Einbauen der Erdwärmeabführleitung in unzugänglichen Tiefen.
• 6.2.6 Temperaturänderungen und damit verbundene Längenänderungen.
• Lastfall 6.1.3 ”Temperaturanhebung”
• 6.2.7 Das Ziehen und Wiedereinbauen der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung, um die Möglichkeit zu besitzen Schäden beseitigen zu können. Lastfall: 6.1.2 ”Demontage”
• 6.2.8 Erhöhung der Haftreibung (Außenwandverpressung) Lastfall 6.1.4 ”Gewichtsabtragung ins Gebirge”

In any case, the weight loss due to the adhesive pull in the mountains has to be investigated, because not every mountain develops "adhesive pull" (see bored pile). In these areas, the actual requirements of the local geology must be followed accordingly.

• 6.2.0 Brief description of the boundary conditions of an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) must additionally fulfill.
• 6.2.1 Groundwater protection, because oil or the like was chosen as heat transfer medium.
• 6.2.2 Earthmoving (small and medium earthquakes) Load case 6.1.1 Earthmoving "
• 6.2.3 Stability-enhancing thermal insulation in the bridging route.
• 6.2.4 Weight reduction of the geothermal heat pipe
• 6.2.5 Installing the geothermal heat pipe at inaccessible depths.
• 6.2.6 Temperature changes and related changes in length.
• Load case 6.1.3 "Temperature increase"
• 6.2.7 The removal and replacement of the geothermal heat pipe to be able to eliminate damage. Load case: 6.1.2 "Dismantling"
• 6.2.8 Increasing static friction (external wall grouting) Load case 6.1.4 "Weight loss in the mountains"

6.3 Problem Solving with Suggested Solution (6.2.1 to -6.2.8)

To point 6.2.1 - Groundwater protection -

• Problem solving

A deep earth heat collector ( 1 + 5 ) thrusts at depths of up to 10,000 meters. Earth temperatures are well above 300 ° C. Water as a heat carrier is simply not suitable for these high temperatures. Therefore, oil was chosen as the heat carrier (see AZ 20 2011 104 515.7). Oil can contaminate the groundwater in the case of a "pipe break" load case.

• Suggested solution:

In Subarea I, an oil pan ( 5.1.2 () 1 ), which is deeper than the third groundwater stock or deeper than the deepest aquifer which is used for human consumption.

Under the oil sump ( 5.1.2 ) is the topmost oil barrier ( 5.6 ) from a silica dispersion compression ( 5.7.5 ) o.

To point 6.2.2 - uncontrolled jerky earth movements -

• Problem solving

It is known from statics that for long grounded systems, the static system is considered almost fully "clamped". Especially with buried cables, this assumption can be confirmed as correct.

Objective:

• • What does this mean in relation to a deep earth heat collector ( 1 )?
• • What are the consequences for a deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) if nothing is done about it?

Meaning and effects:

In jerky earth movements in a sub-horizon, a displacement of mountain horizons takes place in the form of tremors, which inevitably leads to a deflection of the deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) leads. Thus, a change in length between two vertically imaginary points takes place, which can lead the steel of the tubular jacket to the yield point or beyond because the endpoints are considered clamped. It can come to break.

Suggested solution: Fig. 7 to Fig. 9

Shortening the static system by inserting or inserting tube joints ( 5.1.4 ), the change in length is due to bending out of the plug-in pipe joint ( 5.1.4 ) and the outer jacket ( 5.1 ) remains undamaged. Exactly this static system, see 7 to 9 , is used in the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) applied and implemented. From the deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) is now, among other design features according to (( 5.1 ) to ( 5.7 )) an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) ".

The construction ( 1 - 6 ) and the associated node training ( 7 to 9 ) reduces the problem of full tension over the entire length.

Re point 6.2.3 Stability-enhancing thermal insulation in subareas I and II

• problem solving:

• a. On the route from the earth's surface to the earth-heat-absorbing contact section, the geothermal heat carrier loses a great deal of heat energy. This must be prevented under all circumstances.
• b. The mountains are used in the upper areas of humans more than areas which are deeper than 2,500 meters. To call would be coal, ore, salt, oil, gas or gemstone extraction. That means: earth movements must always be expected. Is added that even smaller earthquakes are registered.
• c. The stabilization and thermal insulation medium must be used for dismantling the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) be removable.

Because the heat transfer oil is considered suspect by many citizens and a market launch without the implementation of the condition "disassembly" of the geothermal heat transfer line "is never possible, the following solution was developed.

Train of thought for problem solving

• • If you fill a plastic tube to the brim with small solid balls ( 5.2.1 ) and closes the tails frictionally, you can bend the former easy to bend plastic pipe only with the utmost effort. The easily deformable plastic pipe becomes nearly rigid and highly stable. The small balls of the same size (approx. ⌀ 6 mm) distribute and cross-link the bending stresses that occur, all in small pressure points.

• • Erhalten die kleinen Kügelchen (5.2.1) eine zu hohe Auflast, wird die Silodruckhaftung an der Rohrwand überwunden. Die kleinen Kügelchen (5.2.1) hängen sich nicht mehr an den Rohrwänden auf, sondern möchten nach außen ausweichen. Das heißt: Sie drücken auch auf die Rohrwand der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3). Bei dem dünnwandigem Rohr ein Problem.

This statement is good in the 2 , to recognize. The bulk material of uniform, equal sized balls need not be compressed; the surcharge is sufficient here.

• • get the little beads ( 5.2.1 ) too high a load, the silo adhesion on the pipe wall is overcome. The little beads ( 5.2.1 ) no longer hang on the tube walls, but would like to escape to the outside. This means that you also press on the pipe wall of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ). A problem with the thin-walled pipe.

• problem-solving suggestion:

• 1. The cavity between the jacket tube (section I + II) is filled with small beads, as bulk material. This achieves extremely high stability.
• 2. So that the little beads ( 5.2.1 ) hang on the pipe wall and not the thin pipe wall of Erdwärmeabführleitung ( 5.3 ), these are mixed with a water-soluble glue or glue ( 5.2.2 ), which, however, can tolerate high temperatures. The little beads ( 5.2.1 ) stick together and hang in layers additionally on the adhesive on both pipe walls. The stability is still preserved. When load case "disassembly" you can use hot steam layer by layer the beads ( 5.2.1 ) from their bonding ( 5.2.2 ) and vacuum. After a water bath, they can be installed again, as before.

• 3. Verwendet man für die Herstellung der Kügelchen ein hochtemperaturbeständiges, hartes Acrylglas o. ä. (5.2.1) tritt zusätzlich eine hohe wärmedämmende Wirkung ein. Somit wird auch das Problem der Wärmedämmung (5.2.1) in der Überbrückungsstrecke (5.7.1) einschließlich dessen Einbringung mit abgearbeitet. (siehe 1 bis 4).
• 4. Füllt man die Ölwanne (5.1.2) ebenfalls mit solchen Kügelchen ((5.2.1), und (5.2.2)) wird der Kopf des erdbewegungswiderstehenden Tiefenerdwärmekollektor (5) bis in Tiefen von bis zu 200 Meter so isoliert, dass ein wesentlicher Wärmeverlust in diesem Bereich (Teilbereich I) nicht mehr statt findet. Außerdem wird dieser Teilabschnitt 1 so stabil, dass ein Bruch, hervorgerufen von Erdbewegungen jeglicher Art, ausgeschlossen werden kann. Der Grundwasserschutz (5.7.3) ist jetzt, in Verbindung mit den Ölsperren (5.6) im Untergrund, nach den Vorgaben der zuständigen Bergämter, voll gewährleistet. Der Luftporenanteil, liegt bei ca. 20 Volumenprozent und ist Grundlage für die Vorbemessung der Ölwanne.

Subareas I and II are earthquake-proof after this filling.

• 3. Is used for the production of the beads, a high temperature resistant, hard acrylic o. Ä. 5.2.1 ) also has a high thermal insulation effect. Thus, the problem of thermal insulation ( 5.2.1 ) in the bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) including its incorporation with processed. (please refer 1 to 4 ).
• 4. Fill the sump ( 5.1.2 ) also with such beads (( 5.2.1 ), and ( 5.2.2 )), the head of the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) to depths of up to 200 meters so that a significant loss of heat in this area (subarea I) no longer takes place. In addition, this subsection becomes 1 so stable that a break caused by earth movements of any kind can be excluded. Groundwater protection ( 5.7.3) is now, in conjunction with the oil barriers ( 5.6 ) in the underground, according to the specifications of the responsible mining authorities, fully guaranteed. The air pore content, is about 20 percent by volume and is the basis for the preliminary design of the oil sump.

Re point 6.2.4 Weight reduction of the geothermal heat transfer line

• a) Load transfer from the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 )
• b) weight reduction by bias

• Problem solving

6,000 to even 10,000 meters of geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) including the connection technology and this every 5 meters, have an enormous weight. In addition, there is the glass flow insulation, etc. Here come quickly 100,000 kg (DN 63.5 × 3 + Kombiflansche (after 5 to 9 )) together. It can be seen that this is not feasible. Even the yield strength of the pipe material is quickly exceeded. Even during the installation phase, part of the geothermal heat dissipation pipeline ( 5.3 ) tear and plunge into the depths.

• Suggested solution

• Weight reduction in combination with several support points

• 1. Divide the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) in partial lengths and hang these partial lengths at certain support points ( 5.1.5 ), the weights per support point become smaller.
• 2. Could you also reduce the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung in weight by a thinner pipe wall thickness, the weight problem would be solved, if not at the same time the allowable tension would decrease.

• 3. Reduziert man die Wanddicken der Kombiflansche (5.3.1,0) im Bereich außerhalb der eigentlichen Flanschverbindung auf die notwendige Wanddicke für die Aufgabenstellung ”Abstandshalter”(6) kann auch hier überflüssiges Gewicht abgestreift werden. Auch über die Werkstoffwahl könnte für diesen Bereich nachgedacht werden. Der Wärmeausdehnungskodifient und andere Randbedingungen reduzieren jedoch die Alternativen erheblich.

The problem can thus only be solved if you can outsource the tensile stresses caused by the high weight in a hanging position by wire ropes with bias. (Further under point b, weight reduction by prestressing)

• 3. If the wall thicknesses of the combination flanges ( 5.3.1,0 ) in the area outside the actual flange to the necessary wall thickness for the task "spacers" ( 6 ) superfluous weight can also be stripped off here. Also on the choice of materials could be considered for this area. The thermal expansion coefficient and other constraints, however, significantly reduce the alternatives.

Notes on the proposed solution:

Re point 6.2.4.a Weight reduction by subdivision into sections

• • Welded support brackets, mounted on the inside of the jacket tube, prevent subsequent pulling of the geothermal heat transfer line. Therefore, among other things, the "pipe in pipe - pipe joint" ( 5.1A ), so that on the inside of the pipe joint ( 5.1.4 ) a Auflagerplatz ( 5.1.5 ) for a part of the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) arises to there this part of the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) but can pull it later.

To point 6.2.4.b - weight reduction by bias -

• problem solving:

• 1. Der Abstand der Auflagerflächen (5.1.5) ist u. a. vom Gewicht der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3) in Verbindung mit der daraus resultierenden Zugkraft abhängig. Wird die zulässige Zugkraft für den Lastfall ”H” überschritten muss ein zusätzliches Auflager (5.1.5) geschaffen werden. Die Summe der erforderlichen Auflagerflächen (5.1.5) kann sich aus den Gewichtsproblemen schnell verdoppeln.
• 2. Weil jedes Auflager gleichzeitig eine Einschnürung mit sich zieht, werden die Bohrtiefen begrenzt oder die Durchmesser der Außenwand müssen deutlich vergrößert werden. (vergl. 7 bis 9).

In addition to the cost question, there are many points that force a weight reduction of elementary importance:

• 1. The distance of the bearing surfaces ( 5.1.5 ) is partly due to the weight of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) in conjunction with the resulting tensile force. If the permissible tensile force for load case "H" is exceeded, an additional support ( 5.1.5 ) be created. The sum of the required support surfaces ( 5.1.5 ) can quickly double from weight problems.
• 2. Because each support pulls at the same time a constriction, the drilling depths are limited or the diameter of the outer wall must be significantly increased. (Comp. 7 to 9 ).

Points 1 and 2 not only lead to higher production costs but also lead to further technical problems.

A simple wall thickness reduction alone is therefore not a solution, because it will reduce the allowable tensile stresses. Remains only as a solution, the outsourcing of tensile forces on wire ropes ( 5.3.1.5 ) with preload.

• Suggested solution:

The tensile stresses resulting from the weight of the sections of the Erdwärmeabführleitung ( 5.3 ) by at least four prestressing wire ropes ( 5.3.1.5 ) are outsourced with bias. The internal tensile stresses are by the opposite. Preload reduced. The prestressing wire ropes ( 5.3.1.5 ) carry the remaining weight to the corresponding supports ( 5.1.5 ) to derive them then on the Haftzugreibung in the mountains. These prestressing wire ropes ( 5.3.1.5 ) are wound at both ends, forged together and threaded. As an abutment for the preload ( 5.7.4 ), according to the proposal, the combi flanges ( 5.3.1.0 () 5 , to 9 ) together with attached node or web plates ( 5.3.1.6 + 5.3.1.9 ), serve. Without these gusset plates ( 5.3.1.6 ) + ( 5a + 6 ) to the abutment reinforcement at both ends of each tube or the web plates for reinforcing the suspension knot ( 5.3.1.9 ) ( 7 to 9 ) would be a stable suspension of the section of a geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) not possible.

The preload nuts ( 5.3.1.7 ) in conjunction with the lock nut ( 5.3.1.8 ), can be used simultaneously for the respective flange connection. The stability increases despite smaller tube wall thicknesses, thinner combi flanges and the elimination of the bolts and nuts for its own conventional flange connection.

• 1. Die eigentlich gewollte Vorspannung stellt sich erst im Untergrund ein, weil die unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungskodifizienten bei Erwärmung eine unterschiedliche Längenausdehnung zur Folge hat. Deshalb ist ein ausreichend großer Toleranzspalt (5.3.2), indem immer noch eine Ausdehnung eines Teilbereiches der Erdwärmeabführleitung (5.3) aufgenommen werden könnte, von elementarer Bedeutung.
• 2. Das System kann, wegen der dünnen Rohrwand, keine großen Drucklasten vertragen. Diese Aussage ist wichtig für den Lastfall ”Demontage”

Remains to mention that:

• 1. The actually desired preload only sets in underground because the different expansion modifiers result in a different length expansion when heated. Therefore, a sufficiently large tolerance gap ( 5.3.2 ), by still extending a portion of the Erdwärmeabführleitung ( 5.3 ) of elementary importance.
• 2. The system can not tolerate high pressure loads due to the thin tube wall. This statement is important for the load case "disassembly"

To point 6.2.5

• Installing the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) in inaccessible depths.

• problem solving:

The geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) you can not screw together at the surface of the earth in one piece, in order to then want to sink it. This results already from its installation length.

• Suggested solution:

• 1. Because according to problem solving an aboveground pre-assembly is not possible, the individual tubes ( 6 to 9 ) suspended in the jacket tube ( 5.1 ) are screwed together until the desired part length is reached.

It should be noted that the actual length is only adjusted by the heating in the ground. This final length is the length of the bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) to the next bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) minus a small tolerance length ( 5.3.2 ), to ensure that this leg is really suspended and does not stray on the lower leg.

2. The oversized push-in joint

• • The, seen in the flow direction, the lowest pipe section of the following first pipe of the future push-in socket connection ( 5.5 ), has under the lower combination flange ( 7 to 9 ) a pipe socket, with subsequent overlong pipe socket with insertion bell. ( 5.5.2 ) (please refer 7 to 9 ) for receiving the pipe socket with a plurality of rolling ring seals ( 5.5.1 )
• • The uppermost tube piece of the lower part section, viewed in the direction of flow, has above the joint node formation ( 7 to 9 ) a pipe socket, as an inlet with suitable inserted Rollringdichtungen ( 5.5.1 ).

When lowering the subsection leads the introduction bell ( 5.5.2 ) of the upper part of the neck of the already suspended section ( 5.5.1 ) directly into the sleeve (see 7 to 9 ). The high load overcomes the frictional resistance of the rolling ring seals ( 5.5.1 ). The two sections are, after the deposition of the upper section on the bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) connected as a pipe route, but the sleeve connection ( 5.5.1 + 5.5.2 ) do not rest.

• • Bleibt noch zu erwähnen, dass die Durchmesser der Kombiflansche (5.3.1.0) (5.3.3) sich dem jeweiligen Innendurchmesser an der Einbaustelle und der Temperaturausdehnung anpassen müssen. Deshalb ist eine Vornummerierung äußerst wichtig.
• • Wie man sich die Konstruktion der Aufhängevorrichtung des jeweiligen Teilstückes der Erdwärmeabführleitung vorstellen muss, kann man den Systemzeichnungen der 7 bis 9, sowie der Figurenbeschreibung entnehmen.

The individual pieces of pipe ( 5 to 9 ) are passed over the leader wire ropes (( 5.3.1.5 ) and 5a . 5.b and 6 ) screwed together so that each of the preload nuts ( 5.3.1.7 ) on the following tube the bias voltage ( 5.7.4 ) for the lower hanging tube. The locknut ( 5.3.1.8 ) ensures the permanent locking of the prestressing wire rope ( 5.3.1.5 ) in his position.

• • It remains to be mentioned that the diameters of the combination flanges ( 5.3.1.0 ) ( 5.3.3 ) must adapt to the respective inner diameter at the installation site and the temperature expansion. That's why pre-numbering is extremely important.
• • As you have to imagine the construction of the suspension of each section of Erdwärmeabführleitung, you can see the system drawings of 7 to 9 , as well as the description of the figures.

Regarding point 6.2.6 • Temperature influence • and the associated length changes of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 )

• problem solving:

Each metallic or non-metallic material expands as a result of an increase in temperature and that according to its own material thermal expansion. Thus, the respective length of each section must be extended by the expansion distance plus the tolerance gap ( 5.3.2 ) be slightly shorter than the distance from the bearing surface to the bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ). Is this expansion distance plus tolerance gap ( 5.3.2 ), the geothermal heat dissipation line will increase to the lower bearing. Eventually, the load will be so large that a collapse of the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) takes place because of the thinner wall thicknesses. The functionality is endangered. Thus, the expansion distance plus a small safety length / tolerance length ( 5.3.2 ) be included and implemented in any case. It should also be borne in mind that the extension length changes again as a result of the later-setting temperature dropping funnel.

• Suggested solution:

• 1. the socket connection ( 5.5 ) was considered to be more than five roll-ring seals ( 5.5.1 ) intended. This can absorb small differences in length.
• 2. The overall length of a section in the installed state must be slightly shorter than the distance from the bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) to the next bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ). Maintaining a tolerance gap ( 5.3.2 ) is a prerequisite to prevent an elevation. It must be ensured that each section hangs cleanly and only on one support surface ( 5.1.5 ) rests.
• 3. Also the combination flanges ( 5.3.1.0 ) increase in diameter as a result of a temperature increase. Therefore, the production diameter at the earth's surface must be slightly smaller than the diameter when installed.

To the point 6.2.7 • Disassembly of the geothermal heat transfer line •

Introduction:

The removal and replacement of the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) to prevent possible damage to the outer skin ( 5.1.3.1 Being able to eliminate it from the inside is a very important constraint.

• problem solving:

• 1. Das Mitführen von Zugdrahtseilen oder
• 2. Das Ziehen mit einer externen Zieheinrichtung.

Pulling the entire geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) is hardly feasible for weight reasons. Therefore, only pulling in sections comes into question. Only two variants are possible for the implementation:

• 1. The entrainment of pull wire ropes or
• 2. Pulling with an external pulling device.

Because the execution of the pull wire ropes from section III to section II is associated with large leaks problems and an external lifting device is already available for the Abteufung, this is probably the better solution.

• Suggested solution:

• External lifting device.
• Lifting plate with holding device which extends into the passage openings ( 5.3.1.2 ) for the heat carrier.

Regarding Item 6.2.8 Increasing the Stiction by External Wall Compression

• Problem solving

Like every machine and component, the earth-moving deep-soil heat collector ( 5 ), due to its size an enormous weight. Like a bored pile, the deep earth heat collector ( 1 and 5 ) in the mountains. The adhesive pull on the outside wall keeps the deep earth heat collector ( 1 and 5 ) in the mountains. However, there are mountain horizons where the static friction is too low or no longer exists. Here must be helped in any case. Several proposals go in the direction of exploratory drilling followed by compression. In a deep earth heat collector ( 1 ) with a drilling depth of over 6,000 meters an unimaginably expensive effort. This action would go beyond any budget. The attachment of compression valves from the inside through the pipe wall is only possible if you can remove these compression nipple again. Otherwise, a mounting of the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) not possible. In the earth-moving deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) the technical solution is not a problem and the budget is manageable.

• Suggested solution:

• – Ende der allgemeinen Erläuterungen –

Through the pipe gap ( 5.1.6 ) in the pipe joint ( 5.1.4 ) If necessary, you can very easily any pipe section with a Außenwandverpressung ( 5.7.5 ) carry out. Also oil barriers ( 5.6 ) you could create that way. The compression medium used is a thin-bodied and polymer-mixed calcium-silica dispersion. ( 5.7.5 ) After hardening of the silica compression, there is a loadable bridge from the pipe jacket ( 5.1.3.1 ) to the mountains. It remains to be mentioned that the gap between the two jacket tube ends ( 5.1 ) after the Hinterrohrwandverpressung ( 5.1.6 ) with a temperature-resistant elastomer ( 5.1.7 ) is filled.

• - End of general explanations -

7.0 figure description Fig. 1 to Fig. 9

1 put the with beads ( 5.2.1 + 5.2.2 ) filled head of an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ). Around the head is a welded-on oil pan ( 5.1.2 ), which also for stability reasons with small beads ( 5.2 .1 + 5.2.2 ) is filled. In order for the required stability to be achieved at all, a lid ( 5.1.1 ), which must be locked non-positively, the upper end of a Tiefenerdwärmekollektors ( 5 ) form.

2 represents the ceramic beads filled portion II of an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 Part II is the route that must be crossed in order to reach the warmer zones of the earth at all. In order to give the system any stability, the cavity between the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) and the jacket tube ( 5.1.3.1 ) with suitable ceramic or acrylic glass beads ( 5.2.1 ) and ( 5.2.2 ) filled. In this filling ( 5.2.1 + 5.2.2 ) are the four heat-insulated supply lines ( 5.2 ) embedded. The acrylic glass bead or similar ( 5.2.1 + 5.2.2 ) not only ensures high stability against earth movements of any kind, but also has a heat-insulating effect.

3 shows a section through the earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) in subarea I. It becomes clear where the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) and the four supply lines ( 5.2 ) in the bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) are arranged. The acrylic bead fill ( 5.2 .1) additionally reduces the mutual influence of the supply lines ( 5.2 ) to the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ).

The geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) and the supply lines ( 5.2 ) also have an impact-resistant thermal insulation of glass flow o. Ä. In addition, it is clear as the oil pan ( 5.1.2 ) the head of the earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) in subarea I. protects. Under the oil sump an oil barrier ( 5.6 ) arranged.

4 shows a section through the portion II of an earth-resistant Tieferdwärmekollektor ( 5 ) This subarea can be longer than 2000 meters. Although the bead fill ( 5.2.1 ) per meter is not very heavy comes at this depth a huge load to fruition. So that the bead fill ( 5.2.1 ) on the outer jacket ( 5.1 ), the bead fill ( 5.2.1 ) with an adhesive, water-soluble, heat-resistant glue or glue ( 5.2.2 ). This can not be recognized on average, because this glue is colorless. That is why it is mentioned again here.

• 1. Verbindungselement zwischen zwei Rohren
• 2. In Verbindung mit den vier Knotenblechen (5.3.1.6) (5a) Widerlager für die Vorspannung (5.7.4) (6).
• 3. Stabilisierung des Mantelrohres (5.1 + 5.1.3.1) ca. alle 5 Meter
• 4. Arretierung der Lage der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3) als Abstandshalter.
• 5. Durchlass für den Wärmeträger damit dieser erst Erdwärme aufnehmen und transportieren kann.
• 6. In Verbindung mit den vier Stegblechen (5.3.1.9) Widerlager für die Aufhängung eines Telbereiches der Erdwärmeabführleitung (5.3) zwischen zwei plangefrästen Auflagerpunkten (5.1.5).

5a shows the type of flange which the individual tubes of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) should connect. This type of flange is used here as a combination flange ( 5.3.1.0 ), because this construction covers several tasks.

• 1. connecting element between two pipes
• 2. In conjunction with the four gusset plates ( 5.3.1.6 ) ( 5a ) Abutment for the prestressing ( 5.7.4 ) ( 6 ).
• 3. Stabilization of the jacket tube ( 5.1 + 5.1.3.1 ) about every 5 meters
• 4. Locking the position of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) as a spacer.
• 5. Passage for the heat carrier so that it can first absorb and transport geothermal heat.
• 6. In conjunction with the four web plates ( 5.3.1.9 ) Abutment for the suspension of a Telbereiches the Erdwärmeabführleitung ( 5.3 ) between two flat-milled support points ( 5.1.5 ).

The first five tasks must be covered otherwise these flange connections will be unusable. Point 6 applies only to the suspension nodes.

• a) eine Flanschverbindung herkömmlicher Art herzustellen und
• b) Arretierung der Vorspannglieder in Lage und Befestigung vorzuhalten. Als Flanschverdickung (5.3.1.6) für die Widerlagerfunktion wurden hier mal Unterlegplatten gewählt.

5.b shows the double function of the tension wire ropes for:

• a) produce a flange of conventional type and
• b) Retain locking of the tendons in position and attachment. As flange thickening ( 5.3.1.6 ) for the abutment function shims were chosen here times.

6 shows how a pipe of Erdwärmeabführleitung ( 5.3 ) is embedded in the overall system. Here, the adjacent tubes provide the abutment for the bias. Ie. the upper combination flange ( 5.3.1.0 + 5.3.1.6 ) of the lower tube, as well as the lower combination flange ( 5.3.1.0 + 5.3.1.6 ) of the secondary pipe, provide the abutment for the bias ( 5.7.4 ) by the Vorspanndrahtseile ( 5.3.1.5 ).

• Vorbemerkung:
• Drei allgemeine Konstruktionshinweise zur Konstruktion der 7 bis 9:

• 1. Schiebt man zwei Rohre mit unterschiedlichem Rohrdurchmesser zusammen und versucht dann diese beiden Rohre zu biegen, faltet sich das eingeschobene Rohr am oberen Rand zusammen und das größere Rohr börtelt am unterem Rand aus. Stabilisiert man jedoch das eingeschobene Rohr mit zwei Scheiben, faltet sich in Folge eines Biegemomentes der obere Rand des eingeschobenen nicht und die Ausbörtelung des größeren Rohres sind erheblich geringer. Dies ist der technische Hintergrund dieser Konstruktion. Die stabile runde Form des eingeschobenen Rohres (5.1.3.1) bleibt so bestehen.

7 to 9

• Preamble:
• Three general construction notes for the construction of the 7 to 9 :

• 1. If you push together two pipes with different pipe diameters and then try to bend these two pipes, the inserted pipe folds together at the top and the larger pipe groves at the bottom. If, however, the inserted pipe is stabilized with two washers, the upper edge of the inserted pipe does not fold as a result of a bending moment, and the recessed portion of the larger pipe is considerably smaller. This is the technical background of this construction. The stable round shape of the inserted tube ( 5.1.3.1 ) stays that way.

This is also the reason why in the inserted pipe still two Kombiflansche ( 5.3.1.0 ) were integrated. Thus, the inserted jacket tube remains round even with a stress on the pipe joint. This in turn means that a subsequent dismantling of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) is possible at all.

• 2. Der Kopf eines jeden Teilabschnittes der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3) muss Biegesteif ausgeführt werden. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, in dem man auf den Auflagerflansch (5.3.1.0) noch Stegbleche (5.3.1,9) gemäß 5a aufsetzt und an des Rohr der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3) anschweißt.

Another reason is the stability. Each partial section, ie of bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) to the next bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) is at least 1000 meters long. Such a section of the geothermal heat transport line ( 5.3) together with combination flanges ( 5.3.1.0 ) has an enormous weight despite wall thickness reduction. This weight must be above the welds in the supports ( 5.1.5 ) are removed. Because of the wall thickness reduction, the required welds are longer. The longer welds of the web plates ( 5.3.1.9 ) transmit the tensile loads as tensile stress on the welds in the geothermal heat transfer tube ( 5.3 )

• 2. The head of each section of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) must be performed rigid. This is achieved by placing on the support flange ( 5.3.1.0 ) still web plates ( 5.3.1,9 ) according to 5a and at the pipe of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) welds.

On these web plates ( 5.3.1.9 ) an additional combination flange ( 5.3.1.0 ) and welded This combination flange provides the basis for the subsequent socket connection. (please refer 7 to 9 and 5.5.1 + 5.5.2 ).

Over the now attached and welded web plates ( 5.3.1.9 ), the bending moment, which under the Auflagerkombiflansch ( 5.3.1.0 ), converted into a pressure - pushing and pulling force and into the pipe of the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ).

If only a round disc with the corresponding holes available, this Auflagerkombiflansch ( 5.3.1.0 ) and into the jacket tube ( 5.1.3.1 ) crash. An uprising with all its effects already described would be the result. Therefore, the rigid version of the head of each section of Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) mandatory.

• 3. Damit kein Grundwasser über das Rohrgelenk in das Innere eines erdbewegungswiderstehenden Tiefenerdwärmekollektor (5) gelangen kann wird der Bewegungsspalt (5.1.6) mit einem PU – Elastomer ausgespritzt. Gegebenfalls scheint eine Hinterwandverpressung (5.1.7) die bessere Lösung. Unter dem Auflagerkombiflansch (5.3.3 + 5.3.1.0) ist zusätzlich ein Dichtungsring (5.3,1.10) angeordnet.

It is recommended, as in the 7 to 9 also the lower end of each section of a geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) form rigid.

• 3. So that no groundwater flows through the pipe joint into the interior of an earth-resistant deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) the movement gap ( 5.1.6 ) with a PU elastomer. If necessary, a Hinterwandverpressung seems ( 5.1.7 ) the better solution. Under the support collar flange ( 5.3.3 + 5.3.1.0 ) is additionally a sealing ring ( 5.3,1.10) arranged.

Due to the high load from the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ), the movement gap of the pipe joint ( 5 . 1.6 ) to the interior via the underlying gasket ( 5.3.1.10 ) permanently sealed.

• - End of the 3 general notes on the topic of pipe joint training and further in the figure description -

• a) vier Zulaufleitungen (5.2) und
• b) für die Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3).

7 shows the transition pipe joint between the section II, so the bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) to subsection III, ie the contact route ( 5.7.2 ). As described above, the sub-area I + II is filled with a bead fill and the sub-area III serves as a contact line ( 5.7.2 ). So no oil in the bead fill ( 5.2.1 + 5.2.2 ), the support flange is a closed disc ( 5.3.3 ) with non-positive, watertight passages for the

• a) four supply lines ( 5.2 ) and
• b) for the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ).

Because the heat carrier oil at high speed over the bridging distance ( 5.7.1 ) in the contact route ( 5.7.2 ), an artificial transition section with velocity equalization, similar to a venturi outlet ( 5.3.4 ) intended. Special attention must be paid to this point because there is a risk of outgassing.

The pipe joint 7 additionally fulfills all the aforementioned requirements of the design notes points 1 to 3 of the preamble.

8th shows a pipe joint in the contact section ( 5.7.2 ), Subsection III. The pipe joint 8th also fulfills all the above requirements of the design notes points 1 to 3 of the preamble.

• Ende des Erläuterungsberichtes

9 shows the transition pipe joint of the contact distance ( 5.7.2 ), Part III to Part IV, inlet to the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ). The pipe joint 9 also fulfills all the above requirements of the design notes points 1 to 3 of the preamble.

• End of the explanatory report

8.0 Summary and conclusion

• a) Grundwasserschutz, weil als Wärmeträger Öl gewählt wurde.
• b) Sicherheit gegen Erdbewegungen (kleine und mittlere Erdbeben).
• c) Stabilitätserhöhende Wärmeisolierung in der Überbrückungsstrecke d) Lastabtragungen in Verbindung mit der Gewichtsreduzierung der Erdwärmeabführleitung durch Vorspannung.
• e) Das Einbauen der Erdwärmeabführleitung in unzugänglichen Tiefen.
• f) Temperaturänderungen und damit verbundene Längenänderungen.
• g) Das Ziehen und Wiedereinbauen der Erdwärmeabführleitung.
• h) Preisgünstige Lösung einer Hinterpressungsmöglichkeit zur Erhöhung der Haftzugreibung zwischen Rohrmantel und Gebirge.

This to German patent on registered utility model application AZ. 20 2014 002 215.1 shows the construction of an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ), which can not only promote geothermal energy on a large scale, without having to inject a heat transfer medium in the mountains, but also covers the boundary conditions, which are required by the market, which are:

• a) Groundwater protection, because oil was chosen as the heat carrier.
• b) Safety against earth movements (small and medium earthquakes).
• c) Stability-enhancing thermal insulation in the bridging path d) Load dissipation in connection with the weight reduction of the geothermal discharge line due to prestressing.
• e) Installing the geothermal heat pipe at inaccessible depths.
• f) temperature changes and related changes in length.
• g) Removal and replacement of the geothermal heat pipe.
• h) Inexpensive solution of a Hinterpressungsmöglichkeit to increase the Haftzugreibung between pipe jacket and mountains.

• 1. Anordnung einer Ölwanne (5.1.2) zum Schutz des Grundwassers (1)
• 2. Stabilitätswärmedämmung (5.2.1 + 5.2.2) in der Überbrückungsstrecke (5.7.1) in Form von hochtemperaturbeständige Keramik- oder Acrylglasperlen o. ä.
• 3. Einführung von Einschub-Rohrgelenken (5.1.4) im Mantelrohr (7 bis 9)
• 4. Schaffung von Auflagerflächen (5.1.5) für das Aufhängen von Einzelteilabschnitten der Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3)
• 5. Das Einhängen und Verbinden von Leitungsabschnitten der hängenden Erdwärmeabtransportleitung (5.3) auch in tiefen, unzugänglichen Bereichen (7 bis 9) über eine überlange Steckmuffenverbindung mit Einführglocke (5.5.1 + 5.5.2).
• 6. Gewichtsreduktion der Erdwärmeabführleitung (5.3) durch Vorspannung (5.7.4) über die Kombiflanschverbindung (5.3.1.0 bis 5.3.1.10) und den mindestens vier Vorspanndrahtseilen (5.3.1.5 + 5a + b sowie 6)
• 7. Berücksichtigung des Wärmeausdehnungskodifizienten und damit verbunden die Vorhaltung eines Toleranzspaltes (53.2) zwischen zwei Erdwärmeabführleitungsabschnitten (5.3) im Bereich der Einführglocke (7 bis 9)
• 8. Die Bewegungsöffnung (5.1.6) ist zusätzlich nutzbar für eine möglicherweise notwendige Mantelrohrwandhinterpressung (5.7.5)

The implementation succeeds by the following main construction features:

• 1. Arrangement of an oil sump ( 5.1.2 ) for the protection of groundwater ( 1 )
• 2. Stability heat insulation ( 5.2.1 + 5.2.2 ) in the bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) in the form of high temperature resistant ceramic or acrylic glass beads o. Ä.
• 3. Introduction of withdrawable tube joints ( 5.1.4 ) in the jacket tube ( 7 to 9 )
• 4. Creation of bearing surfaces ( 5.1.5 ) for suspending individual sections of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 )
• 5. The suspension and connection of line sections of the suspended geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) even in deep, inaccessible areas ( 7 to 9 ) via an extra long socket connection with insertion bell ( 5.5.1 + 5.5.2 ).
• 6. Weight reduction of the geothermal discharge line ( 5.3 ) by bias ( 5.7.4 ) via the combination flange connection ( 5.3.1.0 to 5.3.1.10 ) and the at least four prestressing wire ropes ( 5.3.1.5 + 5a + b as well 6 )
• 7. Consideration of the thermal expansion modifier and, associated therewith, the provision of a tolerance gap ( 53.2 ) between two geothermal exhaust duct sections ( 5.3 ) in the region of the insertion bell ( 7 to 9 )
• 8. The movement opening ( 5.1.6 ) is additionally usable for a possibly necessary jacket tube wall backpressure ( 5.7.5 )

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202014002215 U [0066]

Claims (20)

Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) which, in addition to its main function, according to the principle of the "communicating tube" (state of the art) to be able to promote geothermal heat, additional market-relevant boundary conditions according to page 1 of the explanatory report, characterized in that this several plug-in or pipe joints ( 5.1.4 ) in the jacket tube ( 5.1.3 + 5.1.3.1 ) in order to feed the change in length, which are caused by earth movements of any kind. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an oil pan which is deeper as the local deepest groundwater stock which is relevant for human use. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that for stabilization against earth movements in the bridging route ( 5.7.1 / Subsection I + II / 1 + 2 ) Ceramic or high temperature resistant acrylic glass beads or the like (about + 300 ° C) are introduced. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and claim 3, characterized in that for stabilization against earth movements in the bridging route ( 5.7.1 / Teilabschnitt I + II) ceramic or high temperature resistant acrylic glass beads o. Ä. (Approx. + 300 ° C) are introduced, which for better adhesion to the pipe shell wall ( 5.1.3 () 1 and 2 ) with an aqueous soluble high temperature resistant glue or glue ( 5.2.2 .) mixed and wetted on all sides. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claims 1, 3 and 4 characterized in that for stabilization against earth movements in the bridging route ( 5.7.1 ) Ceramic or high temperature resistant acrylic glass beads or the like (about + 300 ° C) are introduced, which for better adhesion to the tube shell wall ( 5.1.3 ) with an aqueous soluble high temperature resistant glue or glue ( 5.2.2 .) Are wetted and still have a thermal insulation after curing as a conglomerate. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and 1 characterized in that in order to stabilize the transition section as the upper terminus of an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) a highly stable lid ( 5.1.1 ) is mounted with the corresponding lid bushings, Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1 or more claims, characterized in that the insertion tube joints ( 5.1.4 ) a milled support surface ( 5.1.5 ) for the suspension of sections of the geothermal heat pipe ( 5.3 ) provide. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and before said claim, characterized in that the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) in sections on the support point ( 5.1.5 ) is hung. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1 or more claims, characterized in that the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) in sections on the support point ( 5.1.5 ) and via the push-in joint ( 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 and 7 to 9 ) is connected to the next section as a continuous pipe. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, or more claims characterized in that as a connecting element Kombiflansche 5a . 5.b and 6 which has the following features: • Holes for the passage of the heat carrier and at least • 8 holes for the pipe connection and which after 5a are arranged so close to each other that the torque is kept as small as possible by the later bias and later the gusset plates ( 5.3.1.6 ) according to 5a and 6 . 7 . 8th , and 9 can be arranged and welded. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and claim 10, characterized in that as a connecting element a combination flange 5a + b and the 6 . 7 . 8th , and 9 and to provide a preload abutment for the respectively following tube element, at least 4 gusset plates ( 6 ) acc. Statics are welded. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and claims 10 and 11, characterized in that as a connecting element of two combi flanges 5a . 5b and 6 Vorspanndrahtseile be used, which in each case at the end as a threaded rod ( 5b + 6 ) are forged, welded and threaded. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and claims 10 to 12, characterized in that through the use of Vorspanndrahtseilen ( 5.3.1.5 ) and the preload nuts ( 5.3.1.7 ) by suit a bias voltage is generated to thus the wall thicknesses of the Erdwärmeabtransportleitung ( 5.3 ) so that the weight of each section of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) to reduce. ( 5a . 5b + 6 ) Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, and claims 10 to 13, characterized in that by the use of Vorspanndrahtseilen ( 5.3.1.5 ), the preload nuts ( 5.3.1.7 ) and the locknut ( 5.3.1.8 ) in addition to the generation of a bias for the adjacent pipe section and a fixed flange connection is made. ( 6 ) Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, or more claims, characterized in that the plug-in or pipe joint training for all pipe joints except for the transition between the section II and the section III according to the system of 8th and description of the figures 7 to 9 Item 1 to 3, takes place. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, or more claims characterized in that the support flange ( 5.3.3 ) of the transition from the bridging route (sub-area II) to the contact section (sub-area III) is formed as a closed disc and the pipe penetrations are welded non-positively and waterproof. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, or more claims characterized in that under the support flange of each suspension node ( 7 to 9 ) a sealing element ( 5.3.1.10 ) on the milled support surface ( 5.1.5 ) is introduced so that no groundwater through the movement opening of the pipe joint ( 5.1.6 ) into the interior of an earth-resisting deep-earth heat collector ( 5 ) can get. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1, or more claims characterized in that, to create an expansion gap, tolerance length ( 5.3.2 ), the length of each subsection of the geothermal heat transfer line ( 5.3 ) after the thermal expansion is still slightly shorter than the distance from the bearing surface ( 5.1.5 ) to support surface ( 5.1.5 ). Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1 or more claims, characterized in that the combination flange diameters ( 5.3.1.0 ) are different and adapt to each jeweilligen station and task. (see plug-in or plug-in pipe joints 5.1.4 + 7 - 9 ) Nachgeagener protection claim. However already in the utility model protection under 5.1.4 and 5.1.6 Page 9 and 7 so mentioned. Device for extracting geothermal heat with an earth-resisting deep earth heat collector ( 5 ) according to claim 1 or more claims, characterized in that the plug-in or Slide-in Pipe Joints ( 5.1.4 ) an opening gap / movement opening ( 5.1.6 ) by which one can optionally perform a Hinterwandverpressung.

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