DE102014226145A1 - Planet-bolted planetary pin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement with a planet carrier (103) and at least one planet pin (101). The planetary pin (101) has at least one thread (118); wherein the planet carrier (103) has at least one first abutment (119) for a screw (113); and wherein the screw (113) can be screwed into the thread (118) so that the planet pin (101) is clamped to the first abutment (119). This allows a particularly short and thus highly rigid design of the screw (113).

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement with a planet carrier and at least one planetary pin according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for adjusting the game or the bias of planetary bearings in such an arrangement.

The gear units of wind turbines are exposed to high loads, which lead to torsions of the planet carrier. To stiffen the planet carrier, the planet pins are fixed by means of a press fit in the planet carrier. The interference fit allows the absorption of bending moments by the planet pins. Furthermore, the planetary pin is fixed in the axial direction by the interference fit.

In particular, when using tapered roller bearings, the planet pins are loaded forces in the axial direction. Corresponding forces acting in the radial direction consequently affect the existing between the planet carrier and the planetary bolt press dressings.

An obvious way to increase the load capacity of the press associations against these forces and thus to improve the capacity of the planet pins, would be to increase the dimensional differences between the planet pins and the pin seats of the planet carrier. This would increase the normal forces acting on the planet pins in the compression bandages. During assembly, however, the planet carrier would have to be heated to a higher temperature before the planet pins can be inserted into the planet carrier. This would be accompanied by an increased risk of burns for the fitters. Furthermore, the stresses resulting from the press fit would increase in the planet carrier. The increased load capacity of the planetary bolts would therefore be counteracted by a reduced load capacity of the planet carrier.

One solution to these problems is to combine the fixation of the planet pins by means of interference fit with a screw of the planet pins. From the prior art, corresponding solutions are known to fix the planetary bolts by means of screws in the planet carrier. The screws run in the axial direction through the planet pins. The planet pins have axially aligned through holes, which extend completely through the planet pins, that is from one end face of the planet pin to an opposite end face. An internal thread is located in the rotor side part of the planet carrier.

The screws used must be correspondingly long. As a result, the tensile rigidity of the screws is low. Compared to a load in the axial direction, the screws are therefore relatively yielding. With a heavy load on a planetary bolt in the axial direction, this can lead to a displacement of the planetary pin relative to the planet carrier. As a result, there is a danger that the planetary bearings lose their bias or the bearing clearance changed. The result is bearing damage. Furthermore, damage to the ring gear and the planetary gears may occur due to a displacement of the planetary gears relative to the ring gear in the axial direction.

The object of the invention is to fix a planetary pin, bypassing the known from the prior art solutions inherent disadvantages in a planet carrier. In particular, the resilience of the planetary bolt should be improved in the axial direction.

This object is achieved by an arrangement according to claim 1 and method according to the method claims.

The arrangement comprises a planet carrier and at least one planet pin. The planet pin serves to receive planet bearings, by means of which a planetary gear can be rotatably mounted in the planet pins. The arrangement may be part of a planetary stage, in particular a planetary stage of a transmission of a wind turbine. The planetary gear meshes with a sun gear and a ring gear. The planetary stage is preferably driven via the planet carrier. Alternatively, a drive via the sun gear or the ring gear is possible.

According to the invention, the planet pin has at least one thread. Preferably, this is an internal thread. The planet carrier forms at least a first abutment for a screw, in particular a head of the screw. The thread and the first abutment are arranged so that a screw which is screwed into the thread, the first abutment can tense with the thread. In particular, so the planetary bolt with the first abutment, the thread with the planet carrier and the planet carrier is clamped to the planet shaft. The screw itself is braced against the abutment and the thread, against the abutment and the planetary pin, against the planet carrier and the thread and against the planetary carrier and the planetary pin. The screw is thus clamped between the abutment and the thread, between the abutment and the planet shaft, between the planet carrier and the thread and between the planetary carrier and the planetary pin. The Screw then exerts in the direction of the abutment, hereinafter called the first direction, an axially extending force on the thread and thus on the planet pins. Similarly, the screw exerts a force in the direction of the thread, referred to below as the second direction, on the abutment and thus on the planet carrier.

The planet carrier is usually constructed so that it has a first side part and a second side part. The two side panels serve to fix the at least one planetary pin. Between the side parts of the planetary bearings and the planet gears are arranged. For fixing the planetary bolt at least in the radial direction, the first side part and the second side part each have a bolt seat. The bolt seat of the first side part is a through hole or a through hole. The bolt seat of the second side part is designed as a blind hole or a blind hole.

For realizing the arrangement according to the invention, the planet carrier preferably has a screw hole. This is another through hole or through hole. The screw hole extends between the abutment and the thread. In particular, the screw hole and the thread are arranged coaxially. Preferably, the screw hole opens into the blind hole which forms one of the bolt seats. In particular, it is preferred if the screw hole opens into the bottom of the blind hole. One of the mouths of the screw hole lies in a base of the blind hole or at the bottom of the blind hole. Through the screw hole, the screw can at least partially passed and screwed into the thread. This allows the described bracing of the first abutment with the thread.

It is known from the prior art that the planet pin has a shoulder in the axial direction for fixing the planet bearings. The shoulder is a radial, i. orthogonal to the axis of symmetry of the planetary pin, the axis of rotation, the planetary bearing or the axis of rotation of the means of planetary bearings, planetary pin mounted in the planetary gear, aligned surface. In particular, the surface may be configured annular. The shoulder is designed to come into contact with said inner ring directly or via an intermediate piece introduced between the shoulder and an inner ring of one of the planetary bearings.

It is furthermore known from the prior art that the planet pin comprises at least a first cylindrical region and a second cylindrical region. The first cylindrical area serves to receive the planetary bearings and to fix them in particular in the radial direction. The diameter of the second region is greater than the diameter of the first region. In this way, the two regions form a step serving as the above shoulder. The step or shoulder thus extends between the first region and the second region.

By cylindrical is meant here that the respective area has the shape of a straight circular cylinder or a rotary cylinder.

From the prior art is also known to fix the planetary bearings by means of a surface of the planet carrier in the axial direction. This surface is arranged opposite the shoulder of the planetary bolt and extends radially as well as the shoulder. The surface of the planet carrier is designed to come into contact with an inner ring of another of the planet bearings - directly or via an intermediate piece introduced between the surface and the said inner ring. The planetary bearings and thus also the planetary gear mounted in the planetary pin by means of the planetary bearings are thus axially fixed between the shoulder and the surface of the planetary carrier.

To realize the arrangement according to the invention, the described prior art is preferably developed such that the tension of the first abutment with the thread of a movement of the shoulder of the planetary pin and the surface of the planet carrier away from each other, d. H. a movement of the surface of the planet carrier in the first direction and a movement of the shoulder in the second direction, counteracts.

The arrangement according to the invention allows a particularly short design of the screw. The fact that not the planetary pin, but the planet carrier is provided with the abutment and the thread is not in the planet carrier, but in the planet shaft, it is possible not to guide the screw through the planet, but through one of the side parts of the planet carrier , Since the side part of the planet carrier is unequal narrow compared to the planetary pin, the screw hole falls short. This allows the use of a correspondingly short and thus highly rigid screw.

In a preferred embodiment of the planet carrier is designed so that it not only forms the first abutment for the screw, but also a second abutment for the planetary pin. By screwing the screw into the thread and thus by bracing the first abutment with the thread of the planetary bolt can be clamped against the second abutment. The second abutment is thus due to the tension in a load path between the first abutment and the thread. In particular, the thread is braced against the second abutment. In this case, the planet pin forms a load path between the thread and a surface of the planet pin which comes into contact with the abutment. Another load path between the first abutment and the second abutment forms the planet carrier.

The second abutment serves to fix the planetary pin in a defined axial position relative to the planet carrier. By the second abutment thus sets in the bracing of the first abutment with the thread a defined axial play or bias of the planetary bearings.

In an alternative development of the planetary bolt is tightened by screwing the screw into the thread not against an abutment, but against the planetary bearings. The tension of the first abutment with the thread thereby corresponds directly with a bias of the planetary bearings. Due to the tension of the first abutment with the thread thereby forms a first load path between the abutment and the surface of the planet carrier, which serves for the axial fixation of the planetary bearings, and a second load path between the thread and the shoulder of the planetary pin. Both load paths are coupled to one another by the planet bearings and the planet gear mounted in the planet pin by means of the planet bearings.

In order to facilitate the assembly of the arrangement and the adjustment of the axial clearance or the bias of the planetary bearings, the planet carrier is constructed in a further preferred development at least two pieces of a base body and a cover. The cover can be introduced into the base body and forms the first abutment.

In order to adjust the game or the bias of the planetary bearings by the modification of the cover targeted, there is a direct connection between the design of the cover and the game or the bias in a preferred development. For this purpose, the cover can be designed so that it forms the second abutment.

In an alternative, equally preferred embodiment of the arrangement, a spacer may be provided which can be placed between the cover and the planet pins, so that the spacer forms the second abutment. The tension of the first abutment with the thread then causes the spacer between the cover and the planet shaft is clamped or clamped. The spacer thus determines the axial position of the planetary bolt with respect to the planet carrier. By modifying the thickness of the spacer can be modified according to the axial position of the planetary pin relative to the planet carrier accordingly.

In order to fix the cover bolted to the planet bolt with respect to the base body, in a preferred development the cover is secured against displacement relative to the base body in at least one direction - the second direction. As a result, when the screw is screwed into the thread, the planetary pin is also secured against displacement relative to the base in the second direction. Due to the fixation of the planetary bearings and the planetary gear supported by the planetary bearings in the planet pin between the shoulder and the surface of the planetary carrier, the planetary pin is secured against displacement relative to the main body in the first direction.

The configuration of the arrangement with the cover or the spacer as a second abutment allows the implementation of a method according to the invention for adjusting the game or the bias of the planetary bearings. In this case, the arrangement with the planet bearings and the planet gear, which is mounted by means of the planetary bearings in the planet shaft, initially assembled. Assembly is preferably accomplished by properly positioning the planetary bearings and the planet gear in the planetary carrier so that the planetary pin can be inserted. A part of the planetary bolt is thereby introduced through the through hole in the first side part of the planet carrier that forms one of the bolt seats and through the inner rings of the planetary bearings and inserted into the blind hole of the second side part that forms a further bolt seat. After screwing the screw into the thread, the play or preload of the planetary bearings is determined. It is thus possible to measure the clearance or preload on the assembled assembly.

If it turns out that the play or preload is outside a tolerable range, the screw is unscrewed from the thread again. The cover can now be removed and modified. Furthermore, the spacer can be added or modified.

The modification of the cover or addition or modification of the spacer takes place taking into account the measured game or the bias such that adjusts a desired clearance or a desired bias of the planetary bearings in a re-assembly of the assembly with the Planentelagern and with the planet, which is mounted by means of the planetary bearings in the planet shaft, and a renewed screwing the screw into the thread.

The above-mentioned process steps are preferably carried out in the stated order, but can also be carried out in any other order.

The embodiments described below are shown in the figures. Matching reference numbers identify identical or functionally identical characteristics.

In detail shows:

1 a screwed by a screw planet pins;

2 a top view of a planetary stage;

3 from it a sectional representation; and

4 a planet carrier with a cover.

An in 1 illustrated planet pins 101 is in a planet carrier 103 fixed.

The planet carrier 103 has a first bolt seat 105 and a second

bolt seat 107 on. The first bolt seat 105 is designed as a through hole, the second bolt seat 107 as a blind hole.

By means of two planetary bearings 109 , which are designed as tapered roller bearings, is a planetary gear 111 rotatable in the planetary pin 101 stored. For axial fixation of the planetary bearings 109 points the planet pin 101 a radially extending shoulder 112 on.

Between an inner ring of in 1 right illustrated planetary camp 109 and the shoulder 113 there is a first spacer ring 115 , A second spacer ring 117 is between the inner ring of in 1 left illustrated planetary bearing 109 and the inner ring of the in 1 right illustrated planetary camp 109 brought in. The outer ring of the planetary bearings 109 each forms the planetary gear 111 , d .. Furthermore, the inner ring of the in 1 left illustrated planetary bearing 109 in the axial direction against the planet carrier 103 from.

By the distance between a surface of the planet carrier 103 , on which the inner ring of in 1 left illustrated planetary bearing 109 abuts, and a surface of the first spacer ring 109 , on which the inner ring the in 1 right illustrated planetary camp 109 is applied, the axial play or the bias of the two planetary bearings 109 Are defined.

For axial fixation and clamping of the planetary bolt 101 serves a screw 113 , The screw 113 can through a hole 114 in the planet carrier 103 in the second planetary seat 107 be introduced. A thread 118 which the planetary pin 101 has, is arranged so that the thread 118 in the second bolt seat 107 located when the planetary pin 101 in the second bolt seat 107 was introduced. The screw 113 can then in the thread 118 be screwed.

The planet carrier 103 forms a first abutment 119 for the screw 113 , The screw 113 So it can be between the first abutment 119 and the thread 118 be tense. As a result, a force acts on the planet pins 101 in the direction of the abutment.

To counter this force and thus the planetary bolt 101 To fix in the axial direction, various alternatives are conceivable. In a first alternative, this is caused by the screw 113 on the planet pins 101 applied force that the inner ring of in 1 left illustrated planetary bearing 109 and the inner ring of the in 1 right illustrated planetary camp 109 against the second spacer ring 117 be tense. The second spacer ring 117 So it is clamped between the two inner rings. By the tension of the screw 113 creates a closed load path between the screw 113 , the thread 118 , the shoulder 113 , the first spacer ring 115 , the inner ring of the in 1 right illustrated planetary camp 109 , the second spacer ring 117 , the inner ring of the in 1 left illustrated planetary bearing 109 , the planet carrier 103 and the first abutment 119 ,

In a second alternative forms the planet carrier 103 a second abutment 121 for the planetary pin 101 out. By the tension of the screw 113 then becomes the planet bolt 101 against the second abutment 121 braced. It forms a closed load path between the screw 113 , the thread 118 , the planetary pin 101 , the second abutment 121 , the planet carrier 103 and the first abutment 119 , On the second spacer ring 117 can be dispensed with.

In the case of the first alternative, the distance z is determined by the width of the second intermediate ring 117 established. The axial clearance or the preload of the planetary bearings 109 can therefore by modification of the width of the second spacer ring 117 be varied.

According to the second alternative, the width of the first spacer ring determines 115 the axial clearance or the preload of the planetary bearings 109 , The axial clearance or the preload can be adjusted accordingly by modification and the width of the first spacer ring 115 be varied.

However, the modification of the width of the first spacer ring designed 115 or the second spacer ring 117 difficult. This requires at least the planet pins 101 from the planet carrier 103 be removed. Furthermore, it may be necessary, the planetary bearings 109 with the planetary gear 111 to remove. Against this background, the in 2 illustrated covers 201 to simplify the settings of the distance z.

The covers 201 form together with a body 203 the planet carrier 103 , This is illustrated by the sectional view XX in FIG 3 , The cover 201 is from the outside on the planet carrier 103 put on that they have the second bolt seat 107 covering in the axial direction. By removing the cap 201 becomes the second bolt seat 107 disclosed. The cover 201 has holes 114 on, through which the screw 113 - in 3 shown in duplicate and threaded 118 - in 3 shown in duplicate-can be screwed. This will make the cover 201 between the thread 118 or between the planet pins 101 and the planet carrier 103 braced.

The adjustment of the preload or the axial play of the planet bearings 109 done by modification of the cover 201 , The cover 201 is modified so that the position of the planetary bolt 101 relative to the planet carrier 103 changes in the axial direction. This clarifies the in 4 shown detail view A. Accordingly, the cover forms 201 the second abutment 121 against which the planetary bolt 101 is strained and that the planetary bolt 101 thus fixed in the axial direction.

By modification of the cover 201 such as by replacing or machining the cover 201 , can the position of the second abutment 121 in the axial direction relative to the planet carrier 103 be modified. As a result, the axial position of the planetary pin also changes 101 relative to the planet carrier 101 , This in turn leads to a change in the distance z and thus to a change in the axial play of the planet bearings 109 or from their bias.

To the cover 121 It is only necessary to modify or replace the cover 121 unscrew, ie the screws 113 to remove. It is not necessary, the planetary pin 101 to remove. The planetary pin 101 rather, in the planet carrier 103 remain.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

101

planet shaft

103

planet carrier

105

second bolt seat

107

first bolt seat

109

planetary bearings

111

planet

112

shoulder

113

screw

114

hole

115

first spacer ring

117

second spacer ring

118

thread

119

first abutment

121

second abutment

201

cover

203

body

Claims (9)

Arrangement with a planet carrier ( 103 ) and at least one planetary pin ( 101 ); characterized in that the planetary pin ( 101 ) at least one thread ( 118 ) having; the planet carrier ( 103 ) at least one first abutment ( 119 ) for a screw ( 113 ) having; and where the screw ( 113 ) in the thread ( 118 ) can be screwed so that the planetary bolt ( 101 ) with the first abutment ( 119 ) is tightened. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the planet carrier ( 103 ) at least one second abutment ( 121 ) for the planetary bolt ( 101 ) trains; the planetary pin ( 101 ) by screwing in the screw ( 113 ) in the thread ( 118 ) against the second abutment ( 121 ) can be tightened. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planet carrier ( 103 ) at least two pieces from a basic body ( 203 ) and a cover ( 201 ) is constructed; the cover ( 201 ) forms the first abutment. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cover ( 201 ) the second abutment ( 121 ). Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized by a spacer, wherein the spacer between the cover ( 201 ) and the planetary pin ( 101 ) can be placed so that the spacer the second abutment ( 121 ). Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the cover ( 201 ) against a shift relative to the main body ( 203 ) is secured in at least one direction. Planet carrier ( 103 ) of the arrangement according to one of the preceding claims. Planet pins ( 101 ) of the arrangement according to one of the preceding claims. Method for adjusting the clearance or preloading of planetary bearings ( 109 ) in an arrangement according to one of claims 4 to 6, comprising the steps - assembly of the arrangement, the planetary bearings ( 109 ) and at least one planetary gear ( 111 ), whereby by means of the planetary bearings ( 109 ) the planetary gear ( 111 ) in the planetary bolt ( 101 ) is stored; - screwing in the screw ( 113 ) in the thread ( 118 ); Determining the play or preload of the planet bearings ( 109 ); - Unscrew the screw ( 113 ) from the thread ( 118 ); - removal of the cover ( 201 ); and - modification of the cover ( 201 ), or adding or modifying the spacer.

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