DE102014218413A1 - Vehicle head for attachment to the front side of a track-bound vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle head having a longitudinally extending vehicle head structure for attachment to a front side of a track-bound vehicle, comprising a self-supporting frame structure formed from first structural elements, comprising two vertically extending A-pillars each arranged laterally to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle head. which are executed extending over a portion of the vehicle head in the longitudinal direction or are connected with running in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle head side struts, each one the upper portion of the two A-pillars firmly connecting roof structure and at least one A-pillars transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle head interconnecting Parapet element, as well as between the A-pillars on at least one parapet element arranged or this integrating end wall and is characterized in that the end wall at least partially made of fiber composite material a is educated, and the single parapet element over a portion of its extension in cross-section viewed as a profile element is formed from one of the following materials: - metal, especially aluminum - metal / plastic composite - metal / fiber-plastic composite - fiber-plastic composite ,

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle head having a longitudinally extending vehicle head structure for attachment to a front side of a track-bound vehicle, comprising a self-supporting frame structure formed from first structural elements, wherein at least a portion of the first structural elements form a substructure having a support structure with other first structural elements is connected and connected to the underbody structure first structural elements made of fiber-reinforced plastic are formed.

Such a vehicle head is for example from the document WO 2010/029188 previously known. This includes not only the first but also second structural elements, which serve the energy consumption in functional terms. That is, the second structural elements serve to at least partially absorb or dissipate the impact energy generated in a crash due to an impact force transmission and introduced into the vehicle head so that the self-supporting structure of the vehicle head constructed from the first structural elements is not affected. Since the cab is thus surrounded by a deformation-resistant head structure, which is not significantly deformed even in the event of a crash, the survival space for the driver remains within the rail vehicle head. To ensure a lightweight construction, the first structural elements are constructed entirely from a fiber composite material. By using different fiber composite / fiber composite sandwich structures for the individual areas of the vehicle head structure, the impact energy generated in a crash and introduced into the vehicle head structure can be specifically reduced. Cyclically occurring load entries, however, require a corresponding load-appropriate design of the individual components of the frame structure.

The invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive design of a vehicle head structure at the same time high deformation stiffness and low weight.

The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

• – Metall, insbesondere Aluminium
• – Metall/Kunststoff-Verbund
• – Metall/Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund
• – Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund.

A vehicle head having a longitudinally extending vehicle head structure for attachment to an end face of a track-bound vehicle, comprising a self-supporting frame structure formed from first structural elements, comprising two vertically extending A-pillars each arranged laterally to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle head a partial region of the vehicle head are designed to extend in the longitudinal direction or are connected to extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle head side struts, a respectively the upper region of the two A-pillars firmly connecting roof structure and at least one A-pillars transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle head interconnecting parapet element, and arranged between the A-pillars on at least one parapet element or this integrating end wall. The solution according to the invention is characterized in that the end wall is formed at least partially from fiber composite material, and the parapet element, viewed at least over a partial area of its extension in cross section, is formed as a profile element from one of the following materials:

• - Metal, especially aluminum
• - Metal / plastic composite
• - Metal / fiber-plastic composite
• - fiber-plastic composite.

Preferably, the single parapet element is viewed in cross-section completely formed as a profile element. The solution according to the invention offers the advantage of an easily manufactured and cost-effective design of a vehicle head structure. The at least partial training as a profile element has the advantage of being able to rely on standardized prefabricated profile elements.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the single parapet element made of aluminum allows a lightweight vehicle head structure, which together with the other first structural elements made of a fiber composite material overall provides a vehicle head with high strength and deformation rigidity with low weight. Here, too, can be resorted to standardized prefabricated profile elements.

The self-supporting frame structure formed from first structural elements generally represents a support framework, which is clad with an outer shell. This can be carried out in one or more parts. The end wall is preferably part of the outer shell.

• – Hohlprofil
• – Vollprofil
• – kombiniertes Voll-/Hohlprofilelement.

The single parapet element is viewed in an advantageous embodiment over a portion of its extension in cross-section viewed as a profile element selected from the following group of profile elements:

• - Hollow profile
• - solid profile
• - Combined solid / hollow profile element.

The use of profile elements has the advantage of being able to fall back on standard components, depending on the arrangement of the parapet elements by the choice of the design a load-oriented training is given by simple means.

• – T-Profil
• – U-oder C-Profil
• – Kastenprofil
• – Rohrprofil
• – Kreisprofil.

In detail, the individual parapet element can be designed as a profile element comprising at least one profile section with a profile cross-section from the following group or a combination thereof:

• - T-profile
• - U or C profile
• - box profile
• - pipe profile
• - Circular profile.

The use of corresponding profile elements offers the advantage of low material requirements and a low weight with high rigidity.

In a further development, a plurality of parapet elements are respectively provided, wherein according to a first embodiment, at least two parapet elements are arranged parallel to one another or diagonally to one another according to a second embodiment. The designs offer the advantage of giving the required rigidity even in terms of surface area and also of giving the frame structure in the front region the required rigidity.

• – kraftschlüssige Verbindung
• – formschlüssige Verbindung
• – stoffschlüssige Verbindung

With regard to the selection of the connections between the individual parapet element with the end wall, there are a number of possibilities. The individual compound may be selected from one of the following compounds or a combination thereof:

• - non-positive connection
• - positive-locking connection
• - cohesive connection

Preferably, a form-fitting connection acting at least in one direction and additionally a material connection is selected. The form and material connection is provided superposed in a particularly advantageous embodiment of each other, i. the form-fitting joining area also corresponds to the cohesive joining area.

With respect to the formation of the substantially deformation-resistant self-supporting frame structure, there are a number of possibilities. In an advantageous embodiment, the first structural elements comprise two A-pillars which are arranged laterally to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle head and extend in the vertical direction over a partial region of the vehicle head, which are designed to extend in the longitudinal direction or are connected to side struts extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle head, and each one of the upper region of the two A-pillars firmly connecting roof structure. Preferably, one-piece designs are chosen for the A-pillars. These are then arcuate and it can be dispensed with separate side struts.

Since the side struts and the A-pillars are exposed to extreme loads in the event of a crash and in particular an uncontrolled deformation, i. Failure of these structural elements must be prevented, it is preferred if these structural elements consist of a hollow profile formed from fiber composite material, in which optionally for further increasing the rigidity preferably a support material, in particular a support foam is added.

The roof structure is preferably formed in a sandwich construction of a fiber composite material. Other possibilities are conceivable.

• – Aluminium
• – Faserverbundwerkstoff
• – Metall
• – Metall/Kunststoff-Verbund
• – Metall/Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund

In a further advantageous development, at least partial areas of a single A pillar and / or the end wall are assigned honeycomb elements and connected to them. These are formed at least partially from a material selected from the group mentioned below:

• - Aluminum
• - fiber composite material
• - metal
• - Metal / plastic composite
• - Metal / fiber-plastic composite

• – kraftschlüssige Verbindung
• – formschlüssige Verbindung
• – stoffschlüssige Verbindung

The provision of honeycomb elements has the advantage of providing locally limited additional stiffnesses. The individual honeycomb element is connected to the respective subarea of a single A pillar and / or the end wall via a connection selected from the following group of compounds:

• - non-positive connection
• - positive-locking connection
• - cohesive connection

Bonded connections preferably find application, since the connection region is relatively freely selectable and no special features are to be provided on the connection elements.

• – Metall
• – Metall/Kunststoff-Verbund
• – Metall/Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund.

In a further development, second structural elements are provided, which are connected to the first structural elements and designed such that at least part of the impact energy generated in a collision case of the track-bound vehicle due to an impact force transmission and introduced into the frame structure by at least partially irreversible deformation or at least partial destruction of second structural elements is degraded. The second structural elements are thus carried out with energy consumption. Preferably, at least part of the second structural elements is at least partially made of fiber-reinforced plastic, while the structural elements of the other part are formed from at least one of the following materials:

• - metal
• - Metal / plastic composite
• - Metal / fiber-plastic composite.

Depending on the design of the energy dissipation elements occurs when exceeding a critical load, a non-ductile defibration of this or a deformation with breakage. The selection depends on the conditions of use.

The solution according to the invention is explained below with reference to figures. The following is shown in detail:

1a shows a vehicle head in installation position in the longitudinal direction;

1b shows a section of a vehicle head according to 1a in perspective view;

2a and 2 B show the structure of an A-pillar in cross section;

3a and 3b show a unit of end wall and A-pillars in different views;

4a and 4b show an embodiment according to 3a and 3b with additional honeycomb elements;

5a and 5b show arrangements of the parapet elements;

6 shows an embodiment of the end wall in cross section.

The 1a , and 1b clarify with reference to a section of a vehicle head 1 a rail-bound vehicle, the structure of a longitudinally extending extending vehicle head structure 2 in different views. 1a illustrates a view of the vehicle head structure 2 viewed in installation position on the rail vehicle in the longitudinal direction in a longitudinal section. The 1b shows a section of the vehicle head structure 2 ,

The vehicle head structure 2 includes one of first structural elements 3 formed self-supporting frame structure 5 , The first structural elements 3 are formed and interconnected such that for receiving a vehicle driver's stand 10 the frame structure 5 is formed substantially rigid. At least part of these first structural elements forms 3 one, a supporting structure 6 having underbody structure 7 made out with other first structural elements 3 connected is. These other first structural elements are not part of the underbody structure 7 , The not to the underbody structure 7 belonging first structural elements 3 , especially those with the underbody structure 7 connected first structural elements 3 are at least partially, preferably formed entirely of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic.

In an advantageous embodiment, the vehicle head structure comprises 2 further second structural elements 4 , The second structural elements 4 are so with the first structural elements 3 connected and designed so that at least part of the resulting in a collision case of the track-bound vehicle due to an impact force transmission and in the frame structure 5 introduced impact energy by at least partially irreversible deformation or at least partial destruction of the second structural elements 4 is reduced. At least part of the second structural elements 4 is each formed of fiber-reinforced plastic.

The underbody structure 7 In the case shown, at least one, at least a portion of the floor 9 a vehicle driver's stand 10 training and with the support structure 6 connected surface element 8th , About the underbody structure 7 is a, not shown here in detail clutch, in particular central buffer coupling connected to the vehicle head. The linkage for the clutch is with 18 designated. Even for high cyclic coupling loads a stress-oriented, cost-effective and simple to manufacture vehicle head structure 2 To be able to provide, for example, at least the support structure 6 the underbody structure 7 made of at least one material, or combination selected from the following group of materials: metal, metal / plastic composite or metal / fiber-plastic composite. Preferably, a metal, in particular steel will be used. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the support structure 6 formed of a plurality of profile elements made of steel.

The self-supporting frame structure formed from first structural elements 5 includes a shoring 11 , which with an outer shell 12 is disguised. In the outer shell 12 integrated is preferably a window area 19 , The connection of the underbody structure 7 within the frame structure 5 via the connection with the outer shell 12 and / or the connection with first structural elements 3 , The shoring 11 becomes from first structural elements 3 educated. This includes, for example, two in each case laterally to a theoretical longitudinal axis L of the vehicle head 1 arranged, extending in the vertical direction A-pillars 14 , These can be formed one or more parts. The A-pillars 14 can spread over a subsection of the vehicle head 1 be designed to extend in the longitudinal direction or are in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle head 1 connected side struts. Furthermore, the frame structure comprises 5 each one of the upper region of the two A-pillars firmly connecting roof structure 13 , However, the roof structure can also be part of the outer shell 12 be.

The A-pillars 14 are arcuate in the illustrated case, comprising a first portion 15 with a vertical direction component and an angle extending to this second portion 16 , The first section 15 forms an interface with the underbody structure 7 , the second subarea 16 forms at least one interface with the rail-bound vehicle. The roof structure 13 can be integral part of the outer shell 12 or be formed as a separate structural unit. In the case shown, the roof structure 13 exemplified as a separate structural unit formed with the A-pillars 14 in the second subarea 16 is connected and further with the outer shell 12 ,

• – Metall, insbesondere Aluminium
• – Metall/Kunststoff-Verbund
• – Metall/Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund.

The longitudinally extending A-pillars 14 are over at least one, preferably a plurality of substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction L extending aligned parapet elements 17 connected. Between the A-pillars 14 is furthermore one on the at least one parapet element 17 arranged or this integrating end wall 20 intended. The parapets 17 serve to reinforce the associated end wall 20 and increase the strength and rigidity of the frame structure 5 , The front wall 20 forms the frontal closure of the driver's cab 10 , The front wall 20 covers an area between the A-pillars 14 in the vertical direction starting from the underbody structure 7 , According to the invention, the end wall 20 at least partially made of fiber composite material, and the single parapet element 17 is viewed over a portion of its extension in cross-section as a profile element formed from one of the following materials:

• - Metal, especially aluminum
• - Metal / plastic composite
• - Metal / fiber-plastic composite.

The design allows a dimensionally stable self-supporting frame structure 5 in lightweight construction.

• – GFK,
• – Aramid,
• – Dyneema und/oder
• – CFK.

Preferably, furthermore, the single A-pillar 14 and / or the front wall 20 formed in sandwich construction at least partially made of fiber composite material. The front wall 20 and / or A-pillar 14 is preferably formed from fiber composites selected from the following group of different fiber composites:

• - GRP,
• - Aramid,
• - Dyneema and / or
• - CFRP.

These can be at least one region formed from a hollow profile formed from fiber composite material 22 , in which to increase the rigidity of a support material, in particular support foam 23 is included. Such designs are exemplary of an A-pillar 14 in the 2a and 2 B played. The 2a shows a profile cross-section of an A-pillar 14 formed from a hollow profile element 22 with a wall 21 that encloses a cavity. In the cavity is the support foam 23 added. The 2 B shows an advantageous development for increasing the rigidity in predefined directions according to 2a in which the hollow profile element 22 seen in cross section a plurality, here for example two with support foam 23a . 23b fillable cavities is formed enclosing. The support foam forms in the cured form a so-called core element.

The 6 shows an example of a possible construction of an end wall 20 viewed in cross-section in sandwich construction. Here are two plates by way of example 24 made of fiber composite material, between which an intermediate layer 19 is arranged. This intermediate layer may for example also be formed from foam.

• – T-Profil
• – U-oder C-Profil
• – Kastenprofil
• – Rohrprofil
• – Kreisprofil.

The 3a and 3b show in two views the structural unit of A-pillars 14 and front wall 20 , 3a shows a perspective view while 3b a view in the longitudinal direction reflects that of the driver's cab 10 seen from view on the front wall 20 , Visible are the parapet elements 17 , here parallel to each other across the longitudinal direction, the A-pillars 14 are arranged connecting. The connections between the individual parapet elements 17 and the A-pillars 14 are with 25 designated. These are preferably designed positively and / or non-positively. This also allows a release. Adhesion in addition or optional is also conceivable. The single parapet element 17 is preferably with a constant cross section over the extension transverse to the longitudinal direction in the installed position and thus with a constant cross section in the longitudinal direction of the parapet element 17 considered trained. Shown is a box profile. However, profiles in the form of:

• - T-profile
• - U or C profile
• - box profile
• - pipe profile
• - Circular profile.

The fabric bond is preferably produced by adhesion, in particular bonding.

The 4a and 4b show a further development according to the 3a and 3b , These are on the A-pillar 14 honeycomb elements 26 provided, which are preferably materially connected to the A-pillar and cause a local reinforcement of this and provide energy in the event of a crash.

The 5a and 5b clarify advantageous embodiments of the arrangement and alignment of parapet elements 17 opposite the front wall 20 , Recognizable in 5a is a plurality of transverse to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle head arranged arranged parapet elements 17 in the form of transverse struts, which are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction and viewed in the vertical direction spaced from each other. The parapets 17 are in the illustrated case, for example, designed as profile elements and arranged parallel to each other. The front wall 20 is this upstream or downstream. The connection with the A-pillar preferably takes place directly in each case. The individual parapet elements 17 are formed here as profile elements with a constant cross section and extend into 5a between the A-pillars, transverse to the longitudinal direction and parallel to each other. In contrast, shows 5b a version with diagonal orientation or at an angle to the longitudinal direction can be aligned.

Are the second structural elements within a through the outer shell 12 arranged enclosed space, this has an opening or predetermined breaking point 17 in the outer shell for breaking this up.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 vehicle head

2

 Vehicle head structure

3

 first structural elements

4

 second structural elements

5

 frame structure

6

 supporting structure

7

 Underbody structure

8th

 surface element

9

 ground

10

 Vehicle cab

11

 shoring

12

 outer shell

13

 roof structure

14

 A column

15

 first subarea

16

 second subarea

17

 spandrel

18

Linkage coupling

19

 liner

20

 End side / end wall

21

 wall

22

 hollow profile

23, 23a, 23b

 support foam

24

 plates

25

 connection

26

 honeycomb

L

 longitudinal axis

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2010/029188 [0002]

Claims (12)

Vehicle head having a vehicle head structure extending in the longitudinal direction for attachment to a front side of a track-bound vehicle, comprising a self-supporting frame structure formed from first structural elements, comprising two A-pillars arranged laterally to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle head and extending in a vertical direction Part of the vehicle head are designed to extend in the longitudinal direction or are connected with running in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle head side struts, each one the upper portion of the two A-pillars firmly connecting roof structure and at least one A-pillars transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle head interconnecting parapet element, and between the A-pillars arranged on at least one parapet element or this integrating end wall; characterized in that the end wall is formed at least partially of fiber composite material, and the single parapet element over a portion of its extension in cross-section viewed as a profile element formed from one of the following materials: - metal, in particular aluminum - metal / plastic composite - metal / fiber Plastic composite - fiber-plastic composite. Vehicle head according to claim 1, characterized in that the single parapet element viewed over a portion of its extension in cross-section as a profile element selected from the following group of profile elements is formed: - Hollow profile - solid profile - combined full / hollow profile element. Vehicle head according to claim 2, characterized in that the single parapet element is designed as a profile element, comprising at least one profile section with a profile cross-section of the following group or a combination of these: - T-profile - U-or C-profile - box profile - tube profile - circular profile. Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of parapet elements is provided, wherein at least two are arranged parallel to each other. Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of parapet elements is provided, wherein at least two are arranged diagonally to each other. Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual parapet element with the end wall by one of the following compounds or a combination of these are connected: - non-positive connection - positive connection - integral connection Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the single A-pillar and / or the end wall are formed in sandwich construction at least partially made of fiber composite material, comprising at least one region formed from a hollow fiber-formed hollow profile, in which to increase the rigidity Supporting material, in particular support foam is added. Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end wall of fiber composite materials, selected from the following group of different fiber composites, is formed: - GFK, - Aramid, - Dyneema and / or - CFRP. Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least partial areas of a single A-pillar and / or the end wall are associated and connected to honeycomb elements, which are formed at least partially from a material selected from the following group: - aluminum - Fiber composite - metal - metal / plastic composite - metal / fiber-plastic composite Vehicle head according to claim 9, characterized in that the individual honeycomb element is connected to the respective subregion of a single A pillar and / or the end wall via a connection selected from the following group of compounds: - non-positive connection - positive connection - cohesive connection Vehicle head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises second structural elements which are connected to the first structural elements and designed so that at least a portion of the resulting in a collision case of the track-bound vehicle due to an impact force transmission and introduced into the frame structure impact energy by at least partially irreversible deformation or at least partial destruction of the second structural elements is degraded. Vehicle head according to claim 11, characterized in that at least part of the second structural elements are formed at least partially from fiber-reinforced plastic and the structural elements of the other part from at least one of the following materials: - metal - metal / plastic composite - metal / fiber-plastic composite.

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