DE102014215528A1 - Multiple rotor assembly and an electric generator driven therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-rotor arrangement for converting a fluid flow into rotation, with a first and a second rotor, which are arranged on a common axis of rotation behind one another, counter-rotating wherein the two rotors are constructed in the manner of a children's toy wind and each having a plurality (N1, N2 ) of symmetrically arranged rotor vanes forming fluid guide surfaces, the rotor vanes of the first rotor extending along a first helical helix, the first helical helix extending on a first rotationally symmetric surface expanding in the fluid flow direction, the rotor vanes of the second helicoid Rotor extend along a second helically extending helical line, wherein the second, helically extending helix on a at least partially tapering in the fluid flow direction two th rotationally symmetric surface extends, wherein in the fluid flow direction, the end of the first rotor is arranged with a maximum rotor diameter immediately adjacent to the beginning of the second rotor.

Description

The present invention relates to a multiple rotor assembly according to claim 1 and an electric generator driven therewith according to claim 12.

From the WO 2004/031577 A2 An electric generator with a double rotor arrangement with counter-rotating rotors is known. The two rotors are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction on a common axis of rotation and connected to the stator or the rotor of an electric generator. The flat rotors are at least partially disposed within a Fluidleitrohres. A comparable double rotor arrangement is also known from US 2,339,602 B known. Also from the US 5,984,631 B is a co-rotating double rotor assembly with two axially in succession arranged on a common axis of rotation rotors known.

The DE 20 2010 017 165 U1 also discloses a double rotor assembly having two counter-rotating rotors arranged in succession on a common axis of rotation in the axial direction. In order to prevent mutual interference of the two rotors with each other, the two rotors are deliberately spaced apart in the axial direction, so that fluid flowing over the first rotor in the fluid flow direction, is not automatically passed through the second rotor, but escapes in the radial direction. Although such an interaction of the two rotors of the dual rotor assembly is prevented, however, the fluid is used only for driving one of the rotors, thereby reducing the efficiency of the rotor assembly.

From the EP 0199839A1 and the DE29619905U1 Conventionally, child toy windmills are known in which the rotor vanes consist of a plurality of rotor vanes winding in the axial direction along a helix.

Starting from the DE 20 2010 017 165 U1 It is an object of the present invention to provide a more efficient multiple rotor assembly and an electric generator driven therewith.

The solution of this object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 12, respectively.

According to the present invention, the rotor blades, which are arranged symmetrically in the direction of rotation, wind on the two rotors on a rotationally symmetrical surface along spirally extending helical lines. In the fluid flow direction, the diameter of the rotationally symmetrical surface of the first rotor increases up to a maximum diameter and the diameter of the rotationally symmetrical surface of the second rotor decreases, starting from a maximum diameter. Due to the immediate vicinity of the two rotors, each with the maximum diameters of the first and second rotationally symmetrical surfaces, the fluid flow passes directly from the first rotor to the second rotor. Thus, the fluid flow always drives both rotors, since only a minimal amount of fluid escapes in the radial direction.

According to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 2, the maximum diameter of the two rotationally symmetrical surfaces is the same. Therefore, the fluid flow passes from the first rotor to the second rotor with less turbulence, and the efficiency of the rotor assembly is further increased.

Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 3, the helices of all rotor blades of a rotor result in at least one complete turn of 360 °.

The rotationally symmetric surfaces of the rotor assembly according to the invention are preferably formed either as partial surfaces of the surface of an ellipsoid or cone - claim 3 and 5. Both rotationally symmetric surfaces can be formed either with the same geometry or have different geometries. In the case of fluid flow from changing directions via the rotor arrangement, it may be advantageous to design both rotationally symmetrical surfaces with the same geometry, for example in each case as a blunt cone. With only unidirectional fluid flow, the efficiency of the rotor arrangement can be further optimized by, for example, the first in the fluid flow direction in the manner of a jet engine Rotor has a rotationally symmetrical surface in the form of an ellipsoid and the second rotor in the fluid flow direction has a rotationally symmetrical surface in the form of a cone. This arrangement is advantageous in that fluid is accelerated into the rotor assembly through the first rotationally symmetrical surface in the form of an ellipsoid, while the conical second rotationally symmetrical surface allows a laminar, undisturbed flow of the fluid from the rotor assembly.

Preferably, the tip of each rotationally symmetrical surface of the rotor assembly is formed blunt.

In a further advantageous embodiment according to claim 6, the fluid flow is further optimized by the rotor assembly in that the opening angle of the first rotationally symmetric surface is greater than the opening angle of the second rotationally symmetric surface.

Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 7, wherein the slope of the helix of the first rotor at maximum diameter of the first rotationally symmetric surface is equal to the slope of the helix of the second rotor at maximum diameter of the second rotationally symmetric surface, results in a smooth continuous transition of the fluid flow of the first rotor to the second rotor. This increases the efficiency of the rotor assembly.

In the advantageous embodiment according to claim 8, the pitch of the helix of the first rotor is smaller than the pitch of the helix of the second rotor. Thus, the fluid is deflected radially by the first rotor to perform an increased work on the second rotor. In addition, the rate of fluid flow through the second rotor increases relative to the first rotor, thereby drawing more fluid into the first rotor.

In the advantageous embodiment according to claim 10, the first and second rotors are arranged in a tubular fluid guide. As a result, the fluid is forcibly guided along the fluid guide surfaces and no fluid can escape radially without having to work on the rotor blades. Thus, by the Fluidleiteinrichtung further increases the efficiency of the rotor assembly.

This effect is further enhanced by the advantageous embodiment according to claim 11, wherein the tubular fluid guide means has on its inside fluid guide surfaces. Through these fluid guide surfaces fluid can be directed via the rotors.

Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 12, the fluid guide device forms a third rotor and the division into two parts according to claim 13, a third and a fourth rotor whose rotational energy can be used.

The advantageous embodiment according to claim 14 comprises six rotors, so that the rotational energy can be used by even more rotors.

In a further advantageous embodiment according to claim 15, the rotor assembly is arranged in a tubular fluid guide, which has on its outer side fluid guide surfaces in the form of vanes. The guide vanes are preferably channel-shaped and circulate the outside of the tubular fluid guide from the fluid inlet opening to the fluid outlet opening helically. The tubular fluid guide surrounds the rotors and is fixedly mounted, i. H. is not rotatably mounted. Thus, the tubular fluid guide does not rotate with the fluid flow but remains static as the rotor assembly moves within the tubular fluid guide with the fluid flow. This configuration increases the efficiency of the rotor assembly. If fluid flows through the tubular fluid guide device, the fluid flow is braked by the rotors mounted in the tubular fluid guide device and a dynamic pressure is created in front of the rotors in the fluid flow direction. On the outside of the tubular fluid guide, the fluid flow is unbraked and thus faster than in the tubular fluid guide. In addition, the fluid flow on the outside of the tubular fluid guide is also rotated. Therefore, at the fluid exit opening, where the outer, faster fluid flow and the inner, slower fluid flow meet, creates a negative pressure and thus a suction effect. By this negative pressure at the fluid outlet opening of the tubular fluid guide fluid is sucked into the fluid inlet opening of the tubular Fluidleiteinrichtung and flows through the rotors and does work.

Preferably, in the tubular fluid guide with vanes mounted on the outside, it is mounted to a multiple rotor assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, but a single rotor or rotor assembly of any other type may be used. The guide vanes on the outside of the tubular fluid guide device have the advantage that fluid flowing on the outside of the tubular fluid guide device is caused to rotate by the guide vanes, which reinforces the suction effect at the fluid outlet opening. In this case, the guide vanes can be mounted so that the rotational movement of the fluid flow on the outside of the tubular fluid guide runs in the same direction with the rotational movement of the fluid flow, which flows in the tubular fluid guide over the rotor. By this same direction rotary motion turbulence can be avoided at the fluid outlet opening of the tubular fluid guide. In addition, the vanes can be varied in their radial extent and thus adapted to the expected fluid flow rates, for example with radially relatively small vanes at high fluid flow and radially relatively large vanes at low fluid flow.

In order to further enhance the suction effect at the fluid outlet opening of the tubular fluid guide device, it is advantageous if the tubular fluid guide device tapers conically from the fluid inlet opening to the fluid outlet opening. In this embodiment, it is also advantageous if the radial extent of the helical vanes is proportional to the decrease in the circumference of the increases so that the total circumference of an envelope surface around the tubular fluid guide and the vanes along the length of the tubular fluid guide remains constant.

In a further embodiment, the tubular fluid guiding device may have on its inside fluid guide surfaces according to claim 11 and on its outside guide vanes according to claim 15.

The electric generator according to claim 17 has a higher power due to the opposition of the two rotors connected to the electric stator and the electric rotor. The arrangement of the electric stator and rotor within the two rotationally symmetrical surfaces, the electrical components are protected and do not interfere with the fluid flow along the fluid guide surfaces.

The remaining claims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

1 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention from the side, transverse to the fluid flow direction, with successively arranged first second rotor;

2 a plan view of the first embodiment according to 1 in the flow direction without the first rotor;

3 a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention from the side, transverse to the fluid flow direction;

4 a plan view of the second embodiment according to 3 in the flow direction without the first rotor;

5 a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the invention from the side, transverse to the fluid flow direction;

6 a sectional view along plane xx in 5 ;

7 a sectional view along plane yy in 5 ;

8a a plan view of a tubular fluid guide with arranged on the outside fluid guide vanes,

8b a side view of the tubular fluid guide 8a , and

9 a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention with a tubular fluid guide according to 8a and 8b ,

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the invention with a first rotor 2 and a second rotor 4 , one behind the other on a common axis of rotation 6 are arranged. Both rotors 2 and 4 are constructed in the manner of a children's toy wind turbine and each have four rotor blades 2-1 to 2-4 and 4-1 to 4-4 on, the point symmetrical to the axis of rotation 6 are arranged. The rotor blades 2-i of the first rotor 2 extend along a first spiral helix B. The first helix 8th runs on a first rotationally symmetric surface or an ellipsoid surface 10 which widens in the fluid flow direction A. The sense of rotation of the first helix 8th is clockwise. The second rotor 4 is in the fluid flow direction A immediately behind the first rotor 2 arranged. The rotor blades 4-i of the second rotor 4 extend along a second helical helix 12 , The second helix 12 runs on a second rotationally symmetric surface or an ellipsoid surface 14 , which tapers in the fluid flow direction A. The sense of rotation of the second helix 12 viewed in the fluid flow direction is also clockwise. The diameter of the first rotor 2 is at his second rotor 4 facing end smaller than the diameter of the second rotor 4 at his the first rotor 2 facing beginning. When the double rotor is flown in the fluid flow direction A, the first rotor rotates 2 clockwise and the second rotor 4 counterclockwise.

In the first and second ellipsoid surfaces 10 . 12 Spanned space is an electrical generator 20 arranged. The electric generator 20 includes first and second stator means 22 . 24 and first and second rotor means 26 . 28 , The first rotor 2 is rigid with the first rotor device 26 and the second rotor 4 is rigid with the second rotor device 28 connected. The two stator devices 22 . 24 are non-rotatable with the axis of rotation 6 connected.

2 shows a plan view of the first embodiment of the invention in the fluid flow direction A, wherein the first rotor 2 is omitted, leaving only the second rotor 4 with its rotor blades 4-i you can see.

The 3 and 4 show in analogous representation a second embodiment of the invention with a first rotor 32 and a second rotor 34 , which differs from the first embodiment only in that the diameter of the first rotor 32 at its the second rotor 34 facing end is the same size as the diameter of the second rotor 34 at his the first rotor 32 facing beginning.

In an alternative, not shown embodiment of the invention, the electric generator comprises 20 the first two embodiments of the invention, only a stator and a rotor device, wherein the stator means and the rotor means are each rigidly connected to the first or second rotor and rotatably mounted on the axis of rotation 6 are stored.

In a further embodiment of the invention, not shown, the two rotors 2 . 4 or 32 . 34 disposed within a tubular fluid guide. As a result, the kinetic energy contained in a fluid flow is better utilized.

5 to 7 show a third embodiment of the invention with six rotors 41 to 46 , The first, third and fourth rotor 41 . 43 and 45 are arranged one above the other and rotate in the same direction. The second, fourth and sixth rotor 42 . 44 and 46 are also arranged one above the other, rotate in the same direction but in the opposite direction to the first, third and fifth rotor 41 . 43 and 45 , The two rotor sets 41 . 43 . 45 and 42 . 44 . 46 are one with respect to the axis of rotation 6 arranged perpendicular plane ZZ mirror-symmetrically arranged.

The one in the area of the rotation axis 6 under the rotors 41 to 46 arranged electric generator 20 includes six stator devices 47 to 52 as well as six rotor devices 54 to 59 , The rotors The six rotors 41 to 46 are rigid with the six rotor devices 54 to 59 connected. The six stator devices 47 to 52 are non-rotatable on the axis of rotation 6 assembled.

6 shows a sectional view along the plane XX, so that the first, third and fifth rotor 41 . 43 and 45 you can see. 7 shows a sectional view taken along the plane YY, so that only the third and the fifth rotor 43 . 45 you can see.

8a shows a view of the and 8b a side view of the tubular fluid guide with arranged on the outside fluid guide vanes. On the outside of the tubular fluid guide 60 are four vanes 61 arranged, which the tubular fluid guide 60 on the outside rotate helically from the fluid inlet opening to the fluid outlet opening.

Fluid flows into the tubular fluid guide 60 in the fluid flow direction A through the fluid inlet opening 62 and exits the tubular fluid guide 60 through the fluid outlet opening 63 out again. The helical vanes 61 extend along the outside of the tubular fluid guide 60 along the helices 64 , The tubular fluid guide 60 tapers conically from the fluid inlet opening 62 to the fluid outlet opening 63 , In addition, the radial extent of the vanes increases 61 from the fluid inlet 62 to the fluid outlet opening 63 ie the smaller the circumference of the tubular fluid guide device 60 , The greater the radial extent of the vanes, so that the tubular fluid guide 60 and the vanes surrounding envelope surface along the length of the tubular fluid guide 60 describes a constant perimeter.

9 shows a cross-sectional view of a tubular fluid guide 60 according to 8a and 8b with a first rotor 2 and a second rotor 4 in the tubular fluid guide 60 are mounted. The tubular fluid guide 60 tapers conically from the fluid inlet opening 62 to the fluid outlet opening 63 out. Fluid flows into the tubular fluid guide 60 in the fluid flow direction A through the fluid inlet opening 62 , In the tubular fluid guide 60 bounces the fluid on the first rotor 2 and the rotor blades of the first rotor 2-i and thus drives the first rotor 2 at. Thereafter, the fluid flows in series with the first rotor 2 mounted second rotor 4 with the rotor blades 4-i and drives the second rotor 4 at. Thereafter, the fluid from the tubular fluid guide occurs through the fluid outlet opening 63 out again. On the outside, the tubular fluid guide 60 vanes 61 on, extending along the helix 64 from the fluid inlet opening 62 to the fluid outlet opening 63 extend. The radial extent of the vanes 61 takes from the fluid inlet opening 62 to the fluid outlet opening 63 continuously and thus compensates for the decrease in the circumference of the conically tapered tubular fluid guide 60 such that the tubular fluid guiding device 60 and the vanes 61 comprehensive envelope along the length of the tubular fluid guide 60 describes a constant extent. Fluid flows on the outside of the tubular fluid guide 60 and gets through the vanes 61 put in a rotary motion. By the conicity of the tubular fluid guide 60 and by the rotational movement due to the vanes 61 is in the area of the fluid passage opening 63 the flow rate of the outside of the tubular fluid guide 60 past flowing fluid greater than the flow rate of the through the interior of the tubular fluid guide 60 flowing fluid. Aufgurnd these different flow rates creates a negative pressure of a suction effect at the fluid inlet opening 62 generated. This increases the efficiency of the arrangement or on the rotors 2 and 4 Work done increases.

The Fluitleiteinrichtung with outer vanes

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A

Fluid flow direction

X X

cutting plane

Y-Y

cutting plane

Z-Z

plane of symmetry

2

first rotor

4

second rotor

6

Drehaches

2-i

Rotor blades of the first rotor

4-i

Rotor blades of the second rotor

8th

first helix

10

first rotationally symmetrical surface or ellipsoid surface

12

second helix

14

second rotationally symmetric surface or ellipsoid surface

16

the second rotor 4 facing end of the first rotor 2

18

the first rotor 2 facing beginning of the second rotor 4

20

electric generator

22

first stator device

24

second stator device

26

first rotor device

28

second rotor device

32

first rotor

34

second rotor

41

first rotor

42

second rotor

43

third rotor

44

fourth rotor

45

fifth rotor

46

sixth rotor

47

first stator device

48

second stator device

49

third stator device

50

fourth stator device

51

fifth stator device

52

sixth stator device

54

first rotor device

55

second rotor device

56

third rotor device

57

fourth rotor device

58

fifth rotor device

59

sixth rotor device

60

tubular fluid guide

61

vanes

62

Fluid opening

63

Fluid outlet opening

64

helix

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2004/031577 A2 [0002]
• US Pat. No. 2,339,602 B [0002]
• US 5984631 B [0002]
• DE 202010017165 U1 [0003, 0005]
• EP 0199839 A1 [0004]
• DE 29619905 U1 [0004]

Claims (19)

Multi-rotor arrangement for converting a fluid flow into rotation, having a first and a second rotor ( 2 . 4 ) on a common axis of rotation ( 6 ) are arranged one behind the other, rotating in opposite directions, wherein the two rotors ( 2 . 4 ) are constructed in the manner of a children's toy windmill and in each case a plurality (N ₁ , N ₂ ) of symmetrically arranged rotor blades ( 2-i . 4-i ), which form fluid guide surfaces, wherein the rotor blades ( 2-i ) of the first rotor ( 2 ) along a first helical helix (FIG. 8th ), wherein the first helical helix ( 8th ) on a in the fluid flow direction (A) expanding first rotationally symmetric surface ( 10 ), wherein the rotor blades (4-i) of the second rotor ( 4 ) along a second helical helix (FIG. 12 ), wherein the second helical helix ( 12 ) on a in the fluid flow direction (A) at least partially tapered second rotationally symmetrical surface ( 14 ), wherein in the fluid flow direction (A), the end of the first rotor ( 2 ) with maximum rotor diameter immediately adjacent to the beginning of the second rotor ( 4 ) is arranged. Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum diameter of the first rotationally symmetrical surface ( 10 ) equal to the initial diameter of the second rotationally symmetric surface ( 14 ). Multiple rotor assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the helices ( 8th . 12 ) of the individual rotor blades ( 2-i . 4-i ) of the first and second rotors ( 2 . 4 ) by at least 360 ° / N _i , winden. Multiple rotor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotationally symmetrical first and second surfaces ( 10 . 14 ) Are partial surfaces of the surface of an ellipsoid. Multiple rotor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotationally symmetrical first and second surfaces ( 10 . 14 ) Are conical surfaces. Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the opening angle of the first conical surface ( 10 ) greater than the opening angle of the second conical surface ( 14 ). Multiple rotor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pitch (s ₁ ) of the helix ( 8th ) of the first rotor ( 2 ) at maximum diameter of the first rotationally symmetric surface ( 10 ) equal to the slope (s ₂ ) of the helix ( 12 ) of the second rotor ( 4 ) at maximum diameter of the second rotationally symmetric surface ( 14 ). Multiple rotor arrangement according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the pitch (s ₁ ) of the helix ( 8th ) of the first rotor ( 2 ) smaller than the slope (s ₂ ) of the helix ( 12 ) of the second rotor ( 4 ). Multiple rotor arrangement according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the rotational speed of the second rotor ( 4 ) is in the range between 20 and 60 rpm, depending on the diameter of the rotor ( 4 ). Multiple rotor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second rotor ( 2 . 4 ) within a tubular fluid guide device ( 60 ) with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet opening ( 62 . 63 ) are arranged. Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the fluid guiding device ( 60 ) has inside fluid guide surfaces. Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the fluid guiding device ( 60 ) rotatable on the common axis of rotation ( 6 ) and forms a third rotor ( 43 ). Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the fluid guiding device ( 60 ) is split in two in the axial direction and a third and a fourth rotor ( 43 . 44 ). Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that above the third and fourth rotor ( 43 . 44 ) a fifth and a sixth rotor ( 45 . 46 ), the first, third and fifth ( 41 . 43 . 45 ) in the same direction and antisense to the second, fourth and sixth rotor ( 42 . 44 . 46 rotate). Multiple rotor arrangement, in particular according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the cross section of the tubular fluid guiding device ( 60 ) at the fluid inlet opening ( 62 ) larger than at the fluid outlet opening ( 63 ), and that the outside of the tubular fluid guide device ( 60 ) with a plurality of channel-shaped guide vanes ( 61 ), which seals the outside of the tubular fluid guiding device ( 60 ) from the fluid inlet opening ( 62 ) to the fluid outlet opening ( 63 ) rotate helically. Multiple rotor arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that the tubular fluid guiding device ( 60 ) of fluid inlet opening ( 62 ) to fluid outlet opening ( 63 ) conically tapered. Electric generator ( 20 ) with a multiple rotor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, with an electric stator device ( 22 ) and an electric rotor device ( 26 ), both within the two expanding and tapering rotationally symmetric surfaces ( 10 . 14 ) are arranged. Electric generator according to claim 15, characterized in that the electric stator device ( 47 ) with the first and third ( 41 . 43 ) or the second and fourth rotor ( 42 . 44 ) and the electric rotor device ( 54 ) with the second and fourth ( 42 . 44 ) or first and third rotor ( 41 . 43 ) is coupled. Electric generator according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the electric stator and rotor device ( 47 . 54 ) is coupled by means of a transmission gear with the rotors.

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