DE102014214016A1 - Lightweight structure and method for producing a lightweight structure - Google Patents
Lightweight structure and method for producing a lightweight structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102014214016A1 DE102014214016A1 DE102014214016.1A DE102014214016A DE102014214016A1 DE 102014214016 A1 DE102014214016 A1 DE 102014214016A1 DE 102014214016 A DE102014214016 A DE 102014214016A DE 102014214016 A1 DE102014214016 A1 DE 102014214016A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight structure
- lightweight
- polyhedra
- mirror
- producing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003407 AlSi10Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006094 Zerodur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007516 diamond turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leichtbaustruktur (1) zum Halten eines Funktionselements, insbesondere eines Spiegels (4), wobei die Leichtbaustruktur (1) einteilig als Stabtragwerk (2) aus Polyedern ausgebildet ist, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Leichtbaustruktur (1).The invention relates to a lightweight structure (1) for holding a functional element, in particular a mirror (4), wherein the lightweight structure (1) is integrally formed as a bar structure (2) made of polyhedra, and a method for producing a lightweight structure (1).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leichtbaustruktur zum Halten eines Funktionselements, insbesondere eines Spiegels, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Leichtbaustruktur. The invention relates to a lightweight structure for holding a functional element, in particular a mirror, and to a method for producing a lightweight structure.
Insbesondere für optische Spiegel in der Astronomie und Fernerkundung benötigt man sehr stabile und leichte Strukturen für den Spiegel. Especially for optical mirrors in astronomy and remote sensing you need very stable and light structures for the mirror.
Optische Spiegelstrukturen werden entweder aus Vollmaterialkörpern gefertigt, die zur Leichtgewichtung rückseitig oder quer zur Spiegelfläche subtraktiv bearbeitet werden oder sie werden aus verfügbaren Leichtgewichtsbauteilen zusammengesetzt. Die Bearbeitung der Spiegelflächen erfolgt anschließend durch optische Feinbearbeitung. Dabei werden für die Dimensionsstabilität thermisch niedrig ausdehnende Werkstoffe wie z.B. Zerodur, ULE oder SiC verwendet oder Metalle mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit wie Al oder Be. Bei Verbundstrukturen wurde auch CRFM als Träger mit auflaminierten Spiegelelementen vorgeschlagen. Optical mirror structures are either made of solid material bodies that are subtractive processed for light weighting back or across the mirror surface or they are composed of available lightweight components. The processing of the mirror surfaces is then carried out by optical finishing. For the dimensional stability, thermally low-expansion materials, such as e.g. Zerodur, ULE or SiC used or metals with high thermal conductivity such as Al or Be. For composite structures, CRFM has also been proposed as a carrier with laminated mirror elements.
Die Technologien mit niedrig ausdehnenden Werkstoffen sind aufwendig und bezüglich der Leichtgewichtung durch gegenüber Metallen geringere mechanische Fertigkeit limitiert. Montageschnittstellen werden über angesetzte Bauteile ergänzt und müssen mit Bezug auf die optische Qualität speziell untersucht und erprobt werden. The low-expansion materials technologies are expensive and limited in weighting by the lower mechanical capability of metals. Mounting interfaces are supplemented by attached components and must be specially examined and tested with regard to optical quality.
Verbundstrukturen sind technologisch noch komplexer und unterliegen oft größerer Sensitivität gegenüber Umwelteinflüssen wie z.B. Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit. Composite structures are technologically even more complex and often subject to greater environmental sensitivity, such as e.g. Temperature and humidity.
Aus der
Ähnliche Strukturen sind aus der
Weiter ist seit einiger Zeit ein Verfahren insbesondere zur Herstellung von Prototypen bekannt, das auch als selektives Laserschmelzen bzw. Laser-Melting bezeichnet wird. Dieses Verfahren hat große Ähnlichkeit mit dem bekannten 3D-Drucken. Beim Laserschmelzen werden mittels CAD-Daten aus Metallpulvern durch 3D-Lasertechnologie homogene Metallteile gefertigt. Dies ermöglicht den Aufbau komplexer Strukturen, die weitgehend poren- und rissfrei sind. Furthermore, a process has been known for some time, in particular for producing prototypes, which is also referred to as selective laser melting or laser melting. This method is very similar to the known 3D printing. During laser melting, homogeneous metal parts are produced by CAD data from metal powders using 3D laser technology. This allows the construction of complex structures that are largely free of pores and cracks.
Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Leichtbaustruktur zu schaffen, die bei ausreichend großer Stabilität leichter aufgebaut werden kann. Ein weiteres technisches Problem ist das Zurverfügungstellen eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer solchen Leichtbaustruktur. The invention is based on the technical problem of providing a lightweight structure which can be constructed more easily with sufficiently high stability. Another technical problem is the provision of a method for producing such a lightweight structure.
Die Lösung des technischen Problems ergibt sich durch eine Leichtbaustruktur mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. The solution of the technical problem results from a lightweight structure with the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 7. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Hierzu ist die Leichtbaustruktur zum Halten eines Funktionselements, insbesondere eines Spiegels, einteilig als Stabtragwerk aus Polyedern ausgebildet. Dies erlaubt eine sehr leichte und stabile Bauweise. Dabei wird das Stabtragwerk mittels selektivem Laserschmelzen hergestellt. Durch diese additive Herstellung kann das Gewicht um bis zu 85 % im Vergleich zu einem Vollkörper reduziert werden, was auch eine erhebliche Verbesserung im Vergleich zu den subtraktiven Verfahren darstellt, die nur ca. 60 % Gewichtsreduzierung im Vergleich zum Vollkörper erreichen. For this purpose, the lightweight structure for holding a functional element, in particular a mirror, is integrally formed as a truss structure of polyhedra. This allows a very light and stable construction. In this case, the bar structure is produced by means of selective laser melting. Through this additive production, the weight can be reduced by up to 85% compared to a solid body, which is also a significant improvement compared to the subtractive method, which only achieve about 60% weight reduction compared to the solid body.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Polyeder als Tetraeder ausgebildet, der insbesondere hinsichtlich der Stabilität sehr gut ist. In a preferred embodiment, the polyhedron is formed as a tetrahedron, which is very good in terms of stability in particular.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind die Polyeder derart zusammengesetzt, dass die Vorder- und Rückseite zwei zueinander parallele Ebenen ausbilden. Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Polyeder eine oder mehrere Lagen bilden. In a further embodiment, the polyhedra are assembled such that the front and back form two mutually parallel planes. It can be provided that the polyhedra form one or more layers.
Prinzipiell ist es denkbar, dass das Stabtragwerk aus mehreren Werkstoffen besteht. Vorzugsweise wird jedoch ein einziger Werkstoff verwendet, der vorzugsweise als Metall oder Metalllegierung ausgebildet ist. In principle, it is conceivable that the bar structure consists of several materials. Preferably, however, a single material is used, which is preferably formed as metal or metal alloy.
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich dabei AlSi10Mg erwiesen. AlSi10Mg has proved particularly advantageous.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist in die Leichtbaustruktur das Funktionselement, insbesondere ein Spiegel und/oder mindestens eine Montageschnittstelle integriert. Dies erlaubt die Herstellung eines kompletten einstückigen Bauteils ohne separate Fügestellen. Der Spiegel kann dann nach der eigentlichen Herstellung beispielsweise mittels Diamantdrehen optisch nachbearbeitet werden. Dabei können weitere Politurschritte oder reflektive Beschichtungen nachfolgen. In a further embodiment, the functional element, in particular a mirror and / or at least one mounting interface is integrated into the lightweight structure. This allows the production of a complete one-piece component without separate joints. The mirror can then be reworked after the actual production, for example by means of diamond turning optically. This can be followed by further polish steps or reflective coatings.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen: The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment. The figures show:
In der
In der
Stabtragwerk
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- EP 1480005 A1 [0006] EP 1480005 A1 [0006]
- US 2988959 A [0007] US 2,988,959 A [0007]
- US 6589984 B2 [0007] US 6589984 B2 [0007]
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014214016.1A DE102014214016A1 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Lightweight structure and method for producing a lightweight structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014214016.1A DE102014214016A1 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Lightweight structure and method for producing a lightweight structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102014214016A1 true DE102014214016A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
Family
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DE102014214016.1A Ceased DE102014214016A1 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Lightweight structure and method for producing a lightweight structure |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016004742A1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Deflection device for radiation |
DE102017130126A1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-19 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gyroscope carrier structure, inertial spacecraft measurement unit and spacecraft |
DE102022116696A1 (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-11 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Base body for an optical element with a connection geometry and method for producing a base body of an optical element and projection exposure system |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2988959A (en) | 1958-12-30 | 1961-06-20 | Perkin Elmer Corp | Sandwich mirror |
WO1993009068A1 (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-05-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Monolithic ceramic truss structure |
DE4208229A1 (en) * | 1992-03-14 | 1993-09-16 | Krupp Industrietech | ADJUSTABLE TELESCOPIC MIRROR |
DE19730741C1 (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1998-11-05 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Lightweight component for space applications |
DE19903436A1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Precision laser welding or sintering producing three-dimensional objects, first forms an envelope, then fills it e.g. with foamed metal, for rapid manufacture of extremely diverse complex shapes including clad turbine blades in ceramic |
US6589984B1 (en) | 1998-03-12 | 2003-07-08 | Teijin Limited | Benzofurylpyrone derivatives |
EP1480005A1 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-11-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Light weight structural element |
DE102010011581A1 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2011-02-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a 2D collimator element for a radiation detector and 2D collimator element |
-
2014
- 2014-07-18 DE DE102014214016.1A patent/DE102014214016A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2988959A (en) | 1958-12-30 | 1961-06-20 | Perkin Elmer Corp | Sandwich mirror |
WO1993009068A1 (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-05-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Monolithic ceramic truss structure |
DE4208229A1 (en) * | 1992-03-14 | 1993-09-16 | Krupp Industrietech | ADJUSTABLE TELESCOPIC MIRROR |
DE19730741C1 (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1998-11-05 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Lightweight component for space applications |
US6589984B1 (en) | 1998-03-12 | 2003-07-08 | Teijin Limited | Benzofurylpyrone derivatives |
DE19903436A1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Precision laser welding or sintering producing three-dimensional objects, first forms an envelope, then fills it e.g. with foamed metal, for rapid manufacture of extremely diverse complex shapes including clad turbine blades in ceramic |
EP1480005A1 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-11-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Light weight structural element |
DE102010011581A1 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2011-02-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a 2D collimator element for a radiation detector and 2D collimator element |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016004742A1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Deflection device for radiation |
DE102017130126A1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-19 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gyroscope carrier structure, inertial spacecraft measurement unit and spacecraft |
DE102022116696A1 (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-11 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Base body for an optical element with a connection geometry and method for producing a base body of an optical element and projection exposure system |
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