DE102014205814B4 - A method of manufacturing a comb portion of a cage, a method of creating control data for a machine tool for producing a comb portion of a cage, program and cage - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of making a comb portion (340) of a cage (330) comprising a plurality of pockets separated by lands (370), comprising: trochoidally milling (P100) the pockets from a body (200) that move a rotational axis of a milling head (220) along a path based on a simultaneous superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion (120) and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion (130), wherein at least the first motion (120) or the second motion (130) being ellipsoidal, the trajectory being based on the equations, where x and y are coordinates in a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the body, where V1 and V2 are radii of the first motion and the second motion, where n1 and n2 are rotational speeds the first motion and the second motion are where px1, px2, py1, py2 are phase angles, and where SX and SY are different from each other are ren.

Description

Embodiments relate to a method for producing a comb portion of a cage, a method for creating control data for a machine tool for producing a comb portion of a cage, a program and a cage.

In many areas of technology, such as plant construction, mechanical engineering or vehicle construction, rolling bearings are used to guide rotational movements. These are often mediated between an inner ring and an outer ring, the relevant rotational movements by rolling of rolling elements. Depending on the specific implementation, in this case the inner ring and / or the outer ring may also be embodied integrally with other components, that is, for example, a housing, an axle, a shaft or the like.

Thus, while corresponding bearings often allow a low-friction or ideally even friction-free relative movement in the sense of a rotational movement about an axis, allow the bearings in other directions to transmit a corresponding force. For example, in the case of a roller bearing, a radial force can be transmitted via the two roller bearing rings, that is to say the inner ring and the outer ring, and the rolling elements.

There are a variety of reasons why cages are used to guide the rolling elements in the interior of such a bearing. Thus, for example, a more uniform distribution of the rolling bodies along the circumference of the rolling bearing can be made possible thereby. Due to a corresponding homogeneous distribution of the rolling elements, it may be possible, for example, to load the rolling bearing dynamically and / or statically higher. Likewise, it may be possible through the use of a cage to reduce noise and other disturbing effects that may arise, for example, by a collision of the rolling elements with each other.

Depending on the application, the boundary conditions characteristic of this application, such as the already mentioned dynamic and / or static loads, temperatures, lubricants and other conditions, corresponding cages are produced differently. Here, both plastics, as well as metallic materials are used.

Depending on the specific application, for example, two-part or multi-part cages are used here, which for example have a comb cover and a cover, which are brought together to form the cage during the installation or during the assembly of the corresponding bearing.

In many rolling bearings, the cages are here in a field of tension, which, for example, allows a guidance of the rolling elements on the one hand and on the other hand an adequate supply of a lubricant. While, for example, a low-backlash guidance of the rolling elements in the interest of higher load capacity, wear and other operational parameters may be too low interpretation of a game may lead to tearing of a lubricating film between the rolling elements, the cage and the bearing rings, thereby optionally the Rolling and so that this comprehensive system can be negatively affected in terms of its functionality. This can lead to a total failure of the warehouse and this comprehensive system.

There is thus a need to improve a geometry or shape of a bag of a cage in terms of a compromise between management ability on the one hand and lubricant supply on the other hand. Especially with cages, which have a chamber lid and a lid, this may possibly involve special technical challenges.

The DE 40 34 516 A1 and the DE 42 12 238 A1 relate to a method for producing workpieces of substantially circular basic shape, which are provided on a peripheral surface with recesses. The WO 2011/141122 A2 describes a ball-guided cage, while the US 2013/0302103 A1 describes an automated method for milling a complex channel-shaped cavity. The publication "cnc4you" in the edition 2/2011 of the company Siemens contains among other things an article with the title "more effective and less expensive production". The DE 10 2008 060 320 A1 describes a chamber cage for a rolling bearing while the US 2013/0223785 A1 a comb-shaped receptacle made of a resin and a rolling bearing and the DE 100 21 089 B4 describe a cage for rolling bearings.

There is thus a need to provide a method by which a comb portion of a cage can be produced, which can have a pocket shape that improves the aforementioned compromise.

This requirement is borne by a method according to claim 1, a method according to claim 6, a program according to claim 7 and a cage according to claim 8.

A method according to an embodiment for producing a comb portion of a cage comprising a plurality of pockets separated by webs comprises trochoidally milling the pockets from a base body.

Such an embodiment is based on the finding that by using the trochoidal milling of the pockets an adaptation of the geometry, for example with respect to different curvatures and radii of curvature of the pockets is possible, whereby a compromise of guiding the rolling elements in the pockets and lubricant supply is the same improved.

Optionally, in such a method according to an exemplary embodiment, the trochoidal milling may comprise a starting of the basic body along a radial direction of the main body of the cage by a milling head. In this way, it may be possible to improve a production of the comb part in that substantially only by milling the geometry of the pockets or the geometry of the webs can be produced. The starting can include a radial approach from radially outside and / or radially inside.

Depending on the specific implementation, the base body may thus be substantially cylindrical, for example, this optionally having a ring portion which serves as a ring portion of the later comb portion and may be formed, for example, as a completely circumferential ring portion. The base body can thus be configured as a hollow cylinder having a rotation axis or axis of rotational symmetry, which can predetermine the later axial direction of the cage or the subsequent bearing at least in terms of their direction. In other words, the axis of symmetry or axis of rotation of the main body can coincide with that of the cage or with that of the comb part or also with that of the bearing.

In a method according to the invention, the trochoidal milling of the pockets comprises moving an axis of rotation of a milling head along a path based on a simultaneous superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion. Thus, it may be possible to create adapted geometries or shapes for the pockets of corresponding comb parts of a cage with comparatively simple technical means, which may arise from the superimposition of two circular or ellipsoidal movements.

Depending on the specific embodiment, for example, exactly two movements can determine the corresponding path of the milling head. For this reason, the first and the second movement are optionally also referred to as the first or second partial web, which determines the path of the axis of rotation of the milling head. The milling head, which may for example be designed as an end mill or include such, typically rotates about the aforementioned axis of rotation at a significantly higher speed than the later movement of the milling head is carried out. The corresponding speeds may thus differ, for example, by several orders of magnitude, for example by at least one order of magnitude (at least a factor of 10) by at least two orders of magnitude (at least a factor of 100) or by at least three orders of magnitude (at least one factor of 1000). Depending on the specific embodiment, the first and the second movement can be circular movements, for example.

Thus, in the method according to the invention, the trajectory is based on the equations x = V1∙cos (2π∙n1∙t + px1) + SX∙V2∙cos (2π∙n2∙t + px2) and y = V1∙ sin (2π∙n1 ∙t + py1) + SY∙V2∙ sin (2π∙n2∙t + py2), where x and y are coordinates in a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the body, V1 and V2 being radii of the first motion and the second motion where n1 and n2 are rotational speeds of the first motion and the second motion, where px1, px2, py1, py2 phasing and SX and SY are each a sway factor. The Schmiegungsfaktoren SX and SY, for example, independently of each other in a range of values between 0.5 and 1.5 are. For example, in the case of 1 different Schmiegefaktoren SX and SY these identical, but also different from each other can be selected.

This makes it possible to realize corresponding movements and thus a corresponding path by means of comparatively simple production techniques which enable a mechanical superimposition of two rotational movements, or by means of comparatively simple arithmetic means.

Optionally, in such a method according to an embodiment V1 may be greater than V2. A difference between px1 and py1 can correspond to a smallest angle that does not exceed 10 °. Thus, it may be possible to emulate an outer shape of the base body or of the comb part over the first movement or to approach it accordingly. For example, the first movement may substantially correspond to a circular movement having a radius greater than that of the second movement. The same applies to the case in which the second movement is not a circular movement but, for example due to a corresponding phase position, ellipsoidal.

Additionally or alternatively, in a method according to an embodiment, the trochoidal milling may comprise a plurality of cycles. This may make it possible to reduce a load on the milling head. Additionally or alternatively, it may also be possible to implement a better adapted shape or a more complex geometry of the pockets and thus the webs.

Optionally, in a method according to an exemplary embodiment, a delivery of the milling head between 0.2 times and 0.4 times the diameter of the milling head can take place between two successive cycles. This may make it possible to improve a compromise on a machining time and a load on the milling head.

Depending on the specific implementation, a plastic, a metal, a light metal or another corresponding material, for example aluminum or a corresponding aluminum alloy, may be used here, for example as the material of the main body.

A method according to an embodiment for generating control data for a machine tool for producing a comb portion of a cage comprising a plurality of pockets separated by webs comprises determining a path based on a simultaneous superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion and a circular or ellipsoidal second movement, wherein along the path a rotational axis of a milling head of the machine tool is moved in a trochoidal milling of the pockets of the machine tool. The method further includes creating control data based on the particular lane.

One embodiment is based on the finding that for a programmable machine tool on the basis of this method, for example, a path and thus control data can be generated with comparatively arithmetically easy and simple means with which the already described improvement of the compromise regarding the geometry or shape of the pockets of a Such a cage can be achieved. Determining the orbit can be done, for example, using arithmetic calculations in basically any programming language or other numerically-usable applications, programs, and applications. Depending on the machine tool used, control data can then be provided or created on the basis of the path thus determined, which can then be made available to the machine tool as input parameter. Depending on the specific machine tool, these may have different codes. Thus, for example, a corresponding set of control data may include coordinates of points to be approached, which in turn may be present as text data, floating-point numbers or other coded data depending on the specific configuration of the machine tool. The control data may also include other parameters such as speeds, latencies and other parameters, as well as structure and control characters and symbols.

Embodiments further include a program having corresponding program code for performing a method according to an embodiment when the program is run on a programmable hardware component. A programmable hardware component may be, for example, one or more processors, such as those used in digital computing systems, such as computers, but also in machine tools or other devices.

A cage according to the invention comprises a comb portion comprising a ring portion extending around an axial direction and a plurality of lands, the lands extending away from the ring portion along the axial direction and forming a plurality of pockets. The cage further comprises a cover which is different from the comb part and which comprises at least one further ring section, the cover and the comb part being designed to be connectable to one another. The pockets have here on an inner diameter of the webs a greater curvature than an outer diameter of the webs.

A cage according to an embodiment is based on the finding that better guidance of the rolling elements is possible due to the greater curvature at the inner diameter of the webs, that is, at a radially inner end of the pockets, while due to the smaller curvature at the outer diameter of the webs , So at a radially outer end of the pockets, a lubricant flow to the rolling elements in the pockets is optionally improved.

The comb part can in this case therefore be made in one piece, so that the cage is a substantially two-part finished component due to the cover which is different from the comb part. Depending on the connection technology used, additional components or mechanical elements may optionally be used for the connection here.

The ring section and the further ring section can hereby independently of one another optionally be designed as completely circumferential ring sections, but also only as ring segments.

Under an integrally formed component is understood as one which is made exactly from a contiguous piece of material. An integrally manufactured, provided or manufactured component or structure or a component or structure produced, prepared or manufactured integrally with at least one further component or structure is understood to mean one which, without destroying or damaging one of the at least two components involved, is not affected by the at least another component can be separated. A one-piece component thus also represents at least one component manufactured integrally with another structure of the relevant component or one-piece component.

Adjacent are two objects, between which no further object of the same type is arranged. Immediately adjacent are corresponding objects when they are adjacent, that is, for example, in contact with each other. In this case, a component is seamless if it has no seam along a closed path around a predetermined direction, for example an axial direction or an axis of symmetry, by means of a corresponding connection technique, for example a cohesive connection technique and here in particular by welding, soldering or gluing , The component is connected to itself or another component.

For example, a component may have n-fold rotational symmetry, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. An n-fold rotational symmetry is present when the component in question, for example, about a rotational or symmetry axis by (360 ° / n) is rotatable and thereby merges substantially in terms of form in itself, ie with a corresponding rotation substantially to itself in the mathematical sense is mapped. By contrast, in the case of a complete rotation-symmetrical design of a component in any rotation about any angle about the axis of rotation or symmetry, the component essentially transits itself in terms of its shape, so it is essentially mapped onto itself in the mathematical sense. Both an n-fold rotational symmetry as well as a complete rotational symmetry are referred to here as rotational symmetry.

A mechanical coupling of two components comprises both direct and indirect coupling. A frictional or frictional connection comes about through static friction, a cohesive connection by molecular or atomic interactions and forces and a positive connection by a geometric connection of the respective connection partners. The static friction thus generally requires a normal force component between the two connection partners.

In one embodiment of a method, the aforementioned method steps in the specified, but also optionally in a different order can be performed. Thus, if appropriate, individual process steps can take place simultaneously, but at least overlap in time, unless otherwise stated in the description or the technical context. Of course, methods can also be connected to one another, that is to say, for example, one after the other, overlapping in time or executed simultaneously.

Further advantageous embodiments will be described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings, to which exemplary embodiments are not restricted.

• 1 illustriert das Zustandekommen einer Trochoiden;
• 2 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm eines Verfahrens gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel zum Herstellen eines Kammteils eines Käfigs,
• 3 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm eines Verfahrens gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel zum Erstellen von Steuerdaten für eine Werkzeugmaschine zum Herstellen eines Kammteils eines Käfigs,
• 4 illustriert einen Teilprozess eines trochoidalen Fräsens;
• 5 illustriert einen weiteren Teilprozess des trochoidalen Fräsens;
• 6 illustriert einen weiteren Teilprozess des trochoidalen Fräsens;
• 7 illustriert einen weiteren Teilprozess des trochoidalen Fräsens;
• 8 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung eines Lagers mit einem Käfig gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;
• 9 illustriert eine trochoidale Form der Taschen des Käfigs aus 8;
• 10 zeigt eine mögliche Startposition bei dem trochoidalen Fräsen zum Herstellen der trochoidalen Form der Taschen aus 9;
• Fig, 11 illustriert ein trochoidales Fräsen der Taschen unter Verwendung eines Schmiegefaktors;
• 12 illustriert eine Bearbeitung eines Grundkörpers von innen; und
• 13 illustriert eine Taschenbearbeitung für einen schultergeführten Käfig.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• 1 illustrates the emergence of a trochoids;
• 2 shows a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment for producing a comb portion of a cage,
• 3 1 shows a flow chart of a method according to an exemplary embodiment for generating control data for a machine tool for producing a comb portion of a cage,
• 4 illustrates a sub-process of trochoidal milling;
• 5 illustrates another sub-process of trochoidal milling;
• 6 illustrates another sub-process of trochoidal milling;
• 7 illustrates another sub-process of trochoidal milling;
• 8th shows a cross-sectional view of a bearing with a cage according to an embodiment;
• 9 illustrates a trochoidal shape of the pockets of the cage 8th ;
• 10 shows a possible starting position in the trochoidal milling for making the trochoidal shape of the pockets 9 ;
• Fig. 11 illustrates trochoidal milling of the pockets using a Schmiefaktor;
• 12 illustrates a processing of a body from the inside; and
• 13 illustrates a bag processing for a shoulder-guided cage.

In the following description of the accompanying drawings, like reference characters designate like or similar components. Further, summary reference numbers are used for components and objects that occur multiple times in one embodiment or in one representation, but are described together in terms of one or more features. Components or objects which are described by the same or by the same reference numerals may be the same, but possibly also different, in terms of individual, several or all features, for example their dimensions, unless otherwise explicitly or implicitly stated in the description.

As already briefly explained, there is a need for a geometry of the pockets on the one hand with regard to the best possible guidance of the rolling elements and on the other hand on an undisturbed lubricant flow especially in two-piece or multi-part cages in which a comb part is closed with a lid and drain. There is a need to provide a better or more optimal bag shape for roller bearing and other roller bearing cage pockets. As the following description will show, this can be achieved, for example, by trochoidal milling (trochoidal milling) of corresponding cage pockets.

Conventionally, bags for chamber lid cages are previously produced only circular. For two-piece solid cages in which, for example, the comb part may have a rivet pin and the cover corresponding rivet holes to connect them together mechanically, the pockets of the comb part can be produced by drilling. Towards the center of the drill, however, the cutting speed decreases continuously, which may possibly lead to unsatisfactory machining performance. Likewise, there may be built-up cutting, especially with aluminum materials.

Conventionally, this problem has been addressed by using more powerful machines, as well as more machinable materials or lead compounding, in such an alloy to facilitate appropriate machining. Attempts have also been made to optimize the drilling tools and milling tools.

As the following description will explain in more detail, embodiments are often based on milling the pockets by means of suitable trajectories which are produced by an adapted or possibly even optimized trochoid. A trochoid arises from the rotation of two pointers or vectors, as in 1 is illustrated.

So shows 1 a pointer diagram for illustration, like a trochoid 100 can arise. Starting from an origin 110 a pointer or first vector rotates 120 at a speed n1 as indicated by the arrow 130 in 1 is illustrated.

At an end point of the first vector 120 closes a center or origin of a second pointer or second vector 140 that is, on the top of the first vector 120 sitting. The second vector 140 thus rotates at the in 1 shown situation around the end point of the first vector 120 at a speed n2 , The first vector 120 here has a length V1 on while the second vector 140 a length V2 has, for example, may be smaller than V1 , The endpoint of the second vector 140 describes a trajectory that is the trochoid 100 is.

$$\text{y}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py1}\right)+\text{SY}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py2}\right)$$

Basically, the in 1 shown situation around a special case of a Trochoide, in which in 1 xy plane shown the two vectors 120 . 140 actually describe circles or circular movements. By considering phase shifts of the movements of the two vectors 120 . 140 To each other, more complex movement patterns can occur, in which the movements are designed elliptical. Here, the first vector performs 120 a first movement and the second vector 140 a second movement. Due to the vectorial addition as described above, this results from the origin 110 an x-coordinate and a y-coordinate (x / y), as generally described by equations (1) and (2). $$\text{x}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px1}\right)+\text{SX}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px2}\right)$$

$$\text{y}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py1}\right)+\text{SY}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py2}\right)$$

Here are V1 and V2 the length or the amplitude of the first vector 120 and the second vector 140 . n1 and n2 the speeds of the vectors in question px1 . px2 . py1 and py2 Phase positions that relate to the time variable t. As a result, in principle arbitrary phase positions of the two vectors 120 . 140 be described to each other. The symbol π is the circle number (π = 3.1415926 ...). The factors SX and SY which occur in formulas (1) and (2) are also referred to as Schmiegungsfaktoren and, for example, independently of one another assume values in a range between 0.5 and 1.5. A omission of one of the Schmiegefaktoren SX or SY may for example correspond to a setting of the relevant factor to 1 so that it no longer occurs in the formula (s) concerned. Here, the two factors, if they are both different from 1 or should be, for example, be set equal. However, it may also be possible to use different values for SX and SY to use when both are different from 1.

By using the Schmiegefaktoren SX and SY It may be possible, if they are different from 1, to achieve an optionally better wrap around the rollers or rolling elements. This may be interesting, for example, for forces occurring in the circumferential direction, such as a comparison of the later described 9 and 11 will show.

When using at least one of 1 different Schmiegefaktor SX . SY However, if appropriate, the coordinates (x, y) obtained in this way can no longer be used for all pockets, that is to say only for the first pocket, for example. In such a case, the coordinates for the further pockets can then be obtained by rotation of the underlying coordinate system about the cage center in steps of pocket division, that is, for example, by rotation through 360 ° / z with the pocket number z.

In other words, such a trochoid 100 by overlapping a circular or ellipsoidal first motion and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion. For the trochoidal milling now moves a rotation axis of a milling head, which in 1 not shown, along the trochoid 100 , that is, at an endpoint of the second vector 140 , In the 1 In this case, the situation represented corresponds to the special case that two circular movements are actually carried out, to be more precise the first vector 120 in terms of its length V1 is larger than the second vector 140 in terms of its length V2 , In order to allow a circular movement as possible, at least with regard to the first vector, it may be advisable, a difference between the phases px1 and py1 to choose so that this corresponds to a minimum angle, for example, does not exceed a certain upper limit, which may be 10 °, for example. Depending on the specific embodiment of a method, as will be described immediately, a smaller value, for example 5 ° or 2 ° may be advisable here, to implement. In principle, however, embodiments with greater than the values described above can also be implemented as upper limits.

Through a variation of the arrow lengths V1 . V2 , the angular velocities or speeds n1 . n2 and the cutter diameter FD As a result, novel and / or improved cage pockets can be produced as required. As will be described below, the center of the milling cutter or milling head can be the trochoid 100 along coordinates that are calculated, for example, using a program such as a spreadsheet or other equivalent program. The calculated coordinates can then be transferred to a CNC machine (CNC = Computerized Numerical Control) or another machine tool.

2 shows a flow diagram of a method for producing a comb portion of a cage, which comprises a plurality of pockets which are separated by webs. The process involves in one process P100 a trochoidal milling of the pockets from a basic body. Optionally, the trochoidal milling P100 a provision P110 of the main body. This can be done, for example, automatically by appropriate equipping a machine tool.

The trochoidal milling P100 Optionally, moreover, mounting of a cover different from the thus produced comb part in a process P120 consequences. The mounting of the lid P120 may in this case also include a loading of the resulting cage with corresponding rolling elements.

The trochoidal milling P100 can be a start P130 along a radial direction of the body of the cage by the milling head of the machine tool in question. Here, the radial direction refers to an axial direction of the base body, which may be, for example, an axis of symmetry of the base body, which may for example coincide with the axis of symmetry of the later comb portion, the later cage or even the later bearing. As a result, if necessary, a processing time or service life can be reduced by possibly saving other process steps in which the basic body is approached radially directly in order to form the comb part.

The start P130 then, for example, the actual milling along the trochoidal pathway in the context of a process P140 consequences.

On the one hand to reduce stress on the milling head, but possibly also to allow a more flexible design of the geometry of the pockets, it may be advisable, the trochoidal milling P100 into several cycles so that it covers several cycles. So it may be advisable to join the process P130 the start or the step of milling P140 to return. In order to be able to implement different geometries here, it may be advisable to make a delivery of the milling head, which corresponds, for example, between a 0.2 times and a 0.4 times a diameter of the milling head (process P150 ).

2 FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of a method for producing the comb part or the cage for a corresponding bearing or roller bearing. For example, this process can be carried out by, on the one hand, the main body at speed N1 executes the rotation in question, optionally at a deviating from the radius of the body vector length V1 an eccentric suspension or mounting of the base body in such a machine tool may be advisable while the milling head the second rotational movement or second movement according to the second vector 140 performs. Thus, if appropriate, a corresponding comb cover cage can also be produced according to an exemplary embodiment with a machine tool that can only be programmed to a limited extent.

Modern machine tools, which are designed, for example, as CNC machines, that is, as machines with an electronic and programmable controller, can optionally, based on corresponding control data, trochoid 100 or the different trochoids when implementing a multi-cycle process. It should be noted that the milling head along the trochoid 100 runs as a rotation axis of the milling head of the trochoid 100 follows. A rotational speed of the milling head about its axis of rotation, which follows the trochoid, this can be significantly greater, for example by a factor 10 to a factor 100 , a factor 1000 or another value.

In the case of using an electronic and programmable machine tool, an appropriate creation of control data, for example, on the machine itself, but also using other processors, such as those used in computers happen. In principle, any programmable hardware component can be used for this purpose. In such a case, a method according to an embodiment may also be implemented as a method of creating control data for a machine tool for manufacturing a comb portion of a cage. Such a flowchart shows straight 3 ,

3 11 shows a flowchart of a method for generating control data for a machine tool for producing a comb portion of a cage, which in turn comprises a plurality of pockets which are separated from one another by webs. In a process P200 Thus, a web may be determined based on a simultaneous superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion, along the track a rotational axis of the milling head of the machine tool being moved by the machine tool during trochoidal milling of the pockets. In a process P210 The control data for the machine tool are then created on the basis of the specific path. The processes P200 . 210 In this case, for example, in the described order, but for example also overlapping in time or parallel in time can be performed. In addition to coordinates or other parameters describing the web, the control data can thus comprise further information and commands which are necessary or at least advisable, for example, for controlling the machine tool. For example, for this purpose, an actuation of a coolant, for example cooling water, a suction or other parameters may also count, such as, for example, a rotational speed for the milling head. Depending on the specific configuration of the machine tool, the control data can have a wide variety of formatting, coding and other implementation-specific details. For example, the control data may be a binary-coded control file. However, XML files (XML = extended markup language) or other programming languages are also possible.

For example, a transfer of the control data thus created to the machine tool may be wireless or wired using network techniques. Likewise, via other wired or wireless connection techniques, a corresponding transmission of the data can take place. The same applies to the exchange of data storage or storage media and other components.

As explained above, therefore, a corresponding set of control data can be generated, for example, by means of a specialized program, but possibly also with a more general program, such as a spreadsheet. The calculated coordinates can then be read, for example, per cycle in the corresponding machine tool or CNC machine, wherein the cycles, for example, by a variation of the length V1 of the first vector 120 can differentiate. As related later 10 will be explained, this can be approached by a starting position from the outside, for example, as part of the process 130 in which the vector V1 assumes a length equal to a sum of half the outer diameter of the later cage, the length of the vector V2 and a radius of the milling head or a half of the diameter of the milling head and optionally an optional safety distance corresponds. Within the scope of the optional further cycles then the value V1 For example, successively to one at the delivery P150 fixed, or is reduced within the limits of, for example, a 0.2 times and a 0.4 times the diameter of the milling head. The empty runs from one bag to the other can be used to cool the cutter.

In order to further describe the method for manufacturing a comb portion of a cage, in connection with the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 various cycles of a multi-cyclic embodiment of a method for producing a comb part described in more detail. The 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 differ only by parameters, but are the same in terms of their representation. So show the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 a form of a basic body 200 , which in the present case has a hollow cylindrical shape whose axis of symmetry or rotation in the in 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 shown origin is perpendicular to the plane shown there. This is the way the main body points 200 in the in the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 shown an outer diameter AD, which is 175.5 mm. This is more precisely in 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 only the radius, that is half of the outside diameter AD , so AD / 2 drawn. Likewise, the main body 200 a bore diameter BD on, with the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 again only the bore radius, ie half of the bore diameter BD , ie BD / 2, show.

The 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 also show positions 210 - 1 . 210 - 2 . 210 - 3 , which are positions of planned pockets in the cage, that of the body 200 should at least partially arise. The positions 210 are here as circles or cylinder jacket surfaces with a diameter TD or. RD located. This is chosen slightly larger than the diameter of the actually used later rolling elements. So the name refers TD on pocket diameter, while the designation RD refers to roll diameter and provides an indication that the in the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 shown basic body 200 should later serve as a cage for receiving roller-shaped rolling elements. In the example shown here, the diameter of the circular positions 210 32 mm. The centers of the circular positions here lies on a pitch circle with a diameter PD , again in the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 the corresponding pitch circle radius, ie half of the pitch circle diameter PD , so PD / 2 is located. This is 159.5 mm in the present example. The main body 200 will later have a total of 13 pockets. The area between the positions 210 will later form the webs of the comb part.

Of course, the number of positions 210 as well as the other dimensions here only an example of a basic body 200 , which is further processed to a corresponding comb part. Of course, in other examples, completely different dimensions can be used, which can be both larger and smaller compared to the dimensions shown here. Also, embodiments are by no means limited to roller-shaped or cylindrical rolling elements. Rather, it is also possible to use other types of rolling elements, for example frustoconical, acicular or other forms of rolling element.

The 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 moreover, schematically show a milling head 220 , which in the present example has a diameter FD which is 16 mm. Accordingly, there is a radius of the milling head 220 , which may be, for example, an end mill, at half of the milling diameter FD , so FD / 2.

The 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 also show a trochoid 100 , which is shown only in sections due to the value range shown in the figures shown there. The trochoid is based in 1 on a value V1 = 113 mm and a value of V2 = 17 mm. The value V1 is just chosen so that, taking into account a corresponding safety distance SA the milling head 220 straight with the outside diameter AD of the basic body 200 in contact or is not in contact.

In other words, in the embodiment shown here, the trochoidal milling is performed from the outside, so that this approaching the body 200 along a radial direction of the main body 200 through the milling head 220 includes. Here, the first cycle can have a value V1 which results according to equation (3). $$\text{V1}=\text{AD / 2}+\text{V2}+\text{FD / 2}+\text{SA}$$

In the case mentioned here and in the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 shown values results for the safety distance SA a value of 0.25 mm. Of course, other safety distances can be provided, which may depend, for example, on the drive quality of the relevant machine tools, but also on the wear of the particular tool, ie the milling head.

With regard to the speeds n1 and n2 of the two superimposed circular motions on which the trochoid 100 based here, represents the movement of the first pointer or first vector 120 the slower of the two, which also has the larger amplitude V1 compared to V2 having. The speed is at the in 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 standardized representation to 1 normalized. In contrast, the second vector rotates 140 with an amplitude V2 having the said significantly smaller value. However, the speed is n2 based on the speed n1 of the first vector 120 significantly larger. In the present example, it is 14, ie n2 = 14 · n1.

The speeds n1 and n2 are integer, whereby the difference of n2 to n1 the number of pockets z corresponds. It is so with the number z of the later pockets or the number z of positions 210 that difference in speed n2 to the speed n1 the number of pockets z corresponds. In other words, the equation (4) holds. $$\text{n2}-\text{n1}=\text{z}$$

In the case of processing from the outside, so a start of the body 200 from the outside and, for example, z = 13 pockets, the following speeds can result: n1: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 n2: 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

At a start of the body 200 from a radially inward direction, it may be advisable to reverse the directions of rotation for the two vectors 120 . 140 to use. In this case, the speeds may have opposite signs, for example. At a start of the body 200 From the inside, for example, the following speeds can be used with z = 17 pockets: n1: -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 n2: 16 15 14 13 12 11 10

In the in the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 example shown are the two movements, which are the trochoid 100 form, circular movements, so for the phase relations px1 . py1 and px2 and py2 It is true that these correspond in each case to the movement in question, that is, px1 = py1 and px2 = py2. The corresponding values of px1 and px2 as well as the corresponding values py1 and py2 However, they do not have to be the same, but can correspond to any angle.

The 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 show here the trochoid 100 at different cycles of the process. Thus, the example of the method shown here, in addition to the in 4 shown starting position at least eight further cycles, where by a corresponding delivery of the value V1 from the in 4 113 mm is first reduced to 108 mm, then to 104 mm, then to 100 mm, then to 96 mm, then to 92 mm, then to 88 mm and finally to 87 mm. This shows 5 the situation with a value V1 = 100 mm, 6 the situation with a value V1 of 92 mm and 7 the situation with a value V1 of 87 mm.

By using the trochoidal milling, it may be possible to achieve a more optimal or improved pocket shape. Thus, for example, in roll-guided cages, a greater curvature can be reduced towards the cage bore in order to reduce the roller slack and the cage play. In this way, therefore, an opening to the outer diameter can be realized through which, if necessary, a better lubricating film structure can be implemented in an oil lubrication. In the case of grease lubrication, this space can be used to absorb fat, ie a fat space.

In the case of an outer ring-guided or inner ring-guided cage so the bag can be opened inwards and possibly also to the outside, by there is implemented a smaller curvature. The options mentioned above in connection with the roll-guided cages can also be used here. The pocket air in the circumferential direction can optionally be reduced, which can lead to a lower cage play. A lesser cage clearance may increase the life of the cage and thus of the bearing, regardless of the exact implementation, and may additionally or alternatively contribute to a reduction of friction and noise.

Also with regard to the economy and thus the ease of production can be achieved by the use of a method according to an embodiment optionally an advantage. Thus, the cutter is often no longer on a pressure angle of 180 ° as a slot milling in use. Rather, with a delivery that can be in the range between 0.2 times and 0.4 times the diameter of the end mill per cycle, high metal removal rates can be achieved. Cutting depths of up to 1.8 times the diameter of the end mill are possible here, while in conventional machining typically significantly lower values already cause problems, such as in a conventional machining with end mills already a depth of cut of 0.8 times the diameter of the end mill in Depending on the material used can lead to problems. Depending on the specific implementation can be saved by the use of an embodiment of such a method, a processing time of up to 50%.

It may also be possible to increase the service life of the milling cutters by a factor of 5-8. Also, avoiding premature tool breakages, especially in the drill / cutter center may possibly be easier to avoid. Also, if necessary, cold welding, in particular again in the drill / cutter center, may optionally be avoided or at least reduced. Also, by the use of an appropriate method, if necessary, a dry machining of difficult-to-machine materials, whereby the use of dirty water for cooling can be optionally avoided. Also, if necessary, lead concentrations can be avoided, by which a relief of the environment and a reduction of the workload can be possible.

8th shows a schematic cross-sectional view through a bearing 300 that has an outer ring 310 and an inner ring 320 having. At the in 8th However, the illustration shown are the rolling elements of the bearing 300 not shown.

8th however, shows a cage 330 , which is a comb part 340 as well as a lid 350 includes that of the comb part 340 is designed as a separate component. At the in 8th shown cage 330 more precisely, it is an outer ring cage 330 that with the outer ring 310 in contact. However, other embodiments may also be used as rolling body-guided cages 330 or as inner-ring-guided cages 330 be implemented.

Even if in 8th no rolling elements are shown, is the cage shown there 330 or the warehouse 300 designed for the use of cylindrical or needle-shaped rolling elements. So have the corresponding bearing rings, so the outer ring 310 and the inner ring 320 corresponding running surfaces or raceways 355 on.

The comb part 340 of the cage 330 here has a ring section 360 on, in the embodiment shown here also for guiding the cage 300 on the outer ring 310 serves. Depending on the specific implementation of the ring section 360 However, also serve for the axial guidance of the rolling elements.

From the ring section 360 starting from a plurality of webs extends 370 along the axial direction of the bearing 300 starting from the ring section 360 away. Between the bridges 370 the pockets are formed, which have been created by means of the trochoidal milling. A cross section of such a bag is associated with 9 shown and described in more detail. In other words, the webs form 370 along the circumferential direction of the cage 330 Pockets into which the rolling elements of the bearing 300 can be introduced.

The comb part 340 can also be designed so that this together with the lid 350 mechanically connectable. So can both the comb part 340 as well as the lid 350 have corresponding structures, by means of which a cohesive, positive and / or non-positive connection of the two components mentioned can be done together. The example shown here indicates the mechanical connection of the lid 350 with the comb part 340 a plurality of rivet pins 380 on, on the jetties 370 are arranged. The rivets 380 extend in the example shown here through corresponding rivet holes 390 in the lid 350 and are, after joining the comb part 340 and the lid 350 , Was converted accordingly, to a corresponding mechanical connection between the lid 350 and the comb part 340 to accomplish. The lid 350 thus has another ring section 395 in which the rivet openings or rivet holes 390 in positions of the webs 370 and the rivet cone 380 are introduced accordingly.

Of course, in other embodiments, other connection techniques, such as a screw, a weld, a soldering or other mechanical connection, such as in the form of jamming or locking, can be implemented. Depending on the specific configuration so arbitrary non-positive, positive and / or cohesive connections between the comb part 340 and the lid 350 be generated.

9 shows a the 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 similar representation, but based on other parameters. So also shows here 9 turn the main body 200 as well as an example Trochoide 100 , which at the positions 210 used, inter alia, to create corresponding pockets there. Due to the different cycles of such a process, two in 9 shown cutter contours 400 - 1 . 400 - 2 , wherein in particular the cutter contour 400 - 1 a form of bag in the region of the body 200 illustrated.

So by using the trochoidal milling it is just possible at a related 8th described cage 330 Bags to be made, which at an inner diameter of the webs 370 , that is, on a radially inner part of the body 200 a greater curvature than at an outer diameter, that is at a radially outer region of the webs 370 , respectively. A larger curvature corresponds to a locally smaller radius of curvature and vice versa. So shows 9 very clear that just in the area of the inner radius of the body 200 or the comb part 340 the cutter contour 400 - 1 which defines the pocket shape there, the circular shape of the position 210 equivalent. In contrast, the router contour deviates 400 - 1 on the outer diameter of the body 200 , where again this defines the contour or geometry or shape of the pocket, from the circular position 210 from. Here lies the cutter contour 400 - 1 outside the circular position 210 Thus, so has a lower curvature or a larger local radius of curvature there, as at the inner diameter of the body 200 ,

This in 9 example shown here is based on a basic body 200 with an outer diameter AD of 170.5 mm, a bore diameter BD of 143.8 mm and a pocket diameter TD of positions 210 of 24.25 mm. This results in a pitch circle diameter of 156.50 mm. The number of pockets is z = 17. Again, this is a Fräskopfdurchmesser FD of 16 mm, the in 9 Trochoid shown 100 a first vector 120 with a length V1 = 84.50 mm and a second vector 140 with a length V2 = 10.70 mm corresponds. The speeds of the two vectors 120 . 140 here n1 = 1 and n2 = 18, so again the two equations (y1) and (y2) mentioned above apply.

10 finally shows a 9 very similar representation, illustrating a start of the router. However illustrated 10 the radial approach situation as previously described in relation to equation (xx). This is how the trochoid points 100 such a distance from the outer diameter AD or AD / 2 of the main body 200 on, so the milling contour 400 - 1 just not with the body 200 is in contact, and thus leads to no material removal. Rather, here again is a safety margin SA complied with, which in the present case is 1.05 mm. Of course, these values are again only examples, of which it is of course possible to deviate in other embodiments. This is how the vector points V1 in the present case the 10 a length of 105.00 mm, while the other parameters were not changed.

Of course, in other embodiments, a start-up of the body 200 take place along a radial direction from the inside. In addition to an approach from the outside so so the process can also start with a start of the body from the inside, but at least include this. Of course, depending on the litigation, both can be advisable in different cycles.

11 shows one 9 very similar representation, but in the case of 1 different Schmiegefaktoren SX . SY were used. By the thus obtained osculation points the Trochoide 100 a slightly changed course, which may possibly lead to a better wrap around the role or of the corresponding rolling element. This may be advisable with respect to circumferentially occurring forces. Typical Schmiegefaktoren SX . SY here are in the range between 0.5 and 1.5, but can independently of each other also accept larger or smaller values. These may not only fall apart if one of the values is the value 1 accepts. Often, however, these are identical. However, it may happen that the coordinates x, y determined by equations (1) and (2) are no longer valid for all pockets, but possibly only for one pocket, for example the first pocket. In this case, by rotating the coordinates x, y for the first pocket around the cage center, the coordinates for the further pockets can then be obtained.

12 shows one 9 also similar representation, in which, however, a processing of the body 200 is implemented from the inside. A processing from the outside, so a start of the body 200 from radially outside, as in 11 For example, bearings with the load zone below may be considered. This represents a very common requirement for corresponding cages.

However, if the load zone is up, it may be advisable to implement an approach from radially inward as shown in FIG 12 is shown. For a bearing with z = 17 rollers, for example, the speeds n1 = -1 and n2 = 16 can be used.

Also, lubrication is considered in the embodiment shown here. Due to the centrifugal forces occurring during operation of the bearing and thus of the cage, oil, grease or another lubricant can easily penetrate into the internally opened pockets.

13 Finally, shows an embodiment of an embodiment of a bag processing for shoulder-guided cages, in which the comb part with a riveted or otherwise fastened lid on ground diameters of the shelves are performed. This can be done for example on the outer ring, but also on the inner ring.

For a shoulder-guided cage, it may be advisable for it to move freely to the shoulders for support. In the case of the cage geometries described above, the pocket diameter is therefore increased compared to a pocket diameter of a roll-guided cage. This can cause the cage play to increase in the circumferential direction.

13 shows here that the cage air in the circumferential direction but similar, if not equal compared to a pocket air of a roll-guided cage can be kept. As a result, it may be possible that the rollers do not impede radial movement of the cage or less.

As a result of the use of an exemplary embodiment, a geometry or a shape of a pocket of a cage may thus be improved with regard to a compromise between guiding capability on the one hand and lubricant supply on the other hand.

Although some aspects have been described in the context of a device, it will be understood that these aspects also constitute a description of the corresponding method, so that a block or a component of a device is also to be understood as a corresponding method step or as a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in connection with or as a method step also represent a description of a corresponding block or detail or feature of a corresponding device.

Depending on particular implementation requirements, embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware or in software. The implementation may be performed using a digital storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a DVD, a Blu-Ray Disc, a CD, a ROM, a PROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM or FLASH memory, a hard disk, or other magnetic disk or optical memory are stored on the electronically readable control signals, which can cooperate with a programmable hardware component or cooperate such that the respective method is performed.

A programmable hardware component may be integrated by a processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a computer, a computer system, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) Circuit (IC = Integrated Circuit), a system on chip (SOC) system, a programmable logic element or a field programmable gate array with a microprocessor (FPGA = Field Programmable Gate Array) may be formed.

The digital storage medium may therefore be machine or computer readable. Thus, some embodiments include a data carrier having electronically readable control signals capable of interacting with a programmable computer system or programmable hardware component such that one of the methods described herein is performed. One embodiment is thus a data carrier (or a digital storage medium or a computer readable medium) on which the program is recorded for performing any of the methods described herein.

In general, embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as a program, firmware, computer program, or computer program product having program code or data, the program code or data operative to perform one of the methods when the program resides on a processor or a computer programmable hardware component expires. The program code or the data can also be stored, for example, on a machine-readable carrier or data carrier. The program code or the data may be present, inter alia, as source code, machine code or bytecode as well as other intermediate code.

Another embodiment is further a data stream, a signal sequence, or a sequence of signals that represents the program for performing any of the methods described herein. The data stream, the signal sequence or the sequence of signals can be configured, for example, to be transferred via a data communication connection, for example via the Internet or another network. Embodiments are also data representing signal sequences that are suitable for transmission over a network or a data communication connection, the data representing the program.

For example, a program according to one embodiment may implement one of the methods during its execution by, for example, reading or writing one or more data into memory locations, optionally switching operations or other operations in transistor structures, amplifier structures, or other electrical, optical, magnetic or caused by another operating principle working components. Accordingly, by reading a memory location, data, values, sensor values or other information can be detected, determined or measured by a program. A program can therefore acquire, determine or measure quantities, values, measured variables and other information by reading from one or more storage locations, as well as effect, initiate or execute an action by writing to one or more storage locations and control other devices, machines and components and so for example by means of actuators perform more complex process steps.

The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It will be understood that modifications and variations of the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to others of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims and not by the specific details presented in the description and explanation of the embodiments herein.

The features disclosed in the foregoing description, the appended claims and the appended figures may be taken to be and effect both individually and in any combination for the realization of an embodiment in its various forms.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

trochoid

110

origin

120

first vector

130

arrow

140

second vector

200

body

210

position

220

milling head

300

warehouse

310

outer ring

320

inner ring

330

Cage

340

comb member

350

cover

355

career

360

ring section

370

web

380

rivet

390

rivet area

400

milling contour

395

another ring section

P100

trochoidal milling

P110

Providing the body

P120

Mount the lid

P130

hit

P140

mill

P150

Deliver

P200

Determine the path

P210

Create the control data

Claims (8)

A method of making a comb portion (340) of a cage (330) comprising a plurality of pockets separated by lands (370), comprising: trochoidally milling (P100) the pockets from a body (200) that move a rotational axis of a milling head (220) along a path based on a simultaneous superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion (120) and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion (130), wherein at least the first motion (120) or the second motion (130) is performed ellipsoidally, using the orbit on the equations $$\text{x}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px1}\right)+\text{SX}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px2}\right)$$

and $$\text{y}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py1}\right)+\text{SY}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py2}\right)$$

where x and y are coordinates in a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the body, where V1 and V2 are radii of the first motion and the second motion, where n1 and n2 are speeds of the first motion and the second motion, where px1, px2, py1, py2 are phase angles, and where SX and SY are different Schmiegestaktoren from each other. Method according to Claim 1 wherein the trochoidal milling (P100) comprises starting (P130) the body (200) along a radial direction of the body (200) of the cage by a milling head (220). Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which V1 is greater than V2 and in which a difference between px1 and py1 corresponds to a smallest angle which does not exceed 10 °. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the trochoidal milling (P100) comprises a plurality of cycles. Method according to Claim 4 in which, between two successive cycles, a delivery (P150) of a milling head (220) takes place between 0.2 times and 0.4 times a diameter of the milling head (220). A method of creating control data for a machine tool for producing a comb portion (340) of a cage (330) comprising a plurality of pockets separated by lands (370), comprising: determining (P200) a trace based on a concurrent one Superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion (120) and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion (130), wherein at least the first motion (120) or the second motion (130) is ellipsoidal, along The web moves a rotation axis of a milling head (220) of the machine tool during a trochoidal milling of the pockets of the machine tool being trajectory on the equations $$\text{x}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px1}\right)+\text{SX}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px2}\right)$$

and $$\text{y}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py1}\right)+\text{SY}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py2}\right)$$

where x and y are coordinates in a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the body, where V1 and V2 are radii of the first motion and the second motion, where n1 and n2 are speeds of the first motion and the second motion, where px1, px2, py1, py2 are phase angles, and where SX and SY are different Schmiefaktoren sin; and creating (P210) the control data based on the particular lane. A program comprising program code for performing one of the methods of any one of the preceding claims when the program is run on a programmable hardware component. A cage (330) comprising: a comb portion (340) including a ring portion (360) extending around an axial direction and a plurality of lands (370), the lands (370) extending along the axial direction from the ring portion (360) extend and form a plurality of pockets; and a lid (350) different from the comb portion (340) and including at least one further annular portion (395), the lid (350) and the comb portion (340) being adapted to be connectable with each other; wherein the pockets at an inner diameter of the webs (370) have a greater curvature than at an outer diameter of the webs (370), wherein the comb portion (340) by a trochoidal milling (P100) of the pockets of a base body (200) is made, the moving an axis of rotation of a milling head (220) along a path based on a simultaneous superposition of a circular or ellipsoidal first motion (120) and a circular or ellipsoidal second motion (130), wherein at least the first motion (120) or second motion (130) is performed ellipsoidally, using the orbit on the equations $$\text{x}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px1}\right)+\text{SX}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{cos}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{px2}\right)$$

and $$\text{y}=\text{V1}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n1}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py1}\right)+\text{SY}\cdot \text{V2}\cdot \text{sin}\left(2\mathrm{\pi }\cdot \text{n2}\cdot \text{t}+\text{py2}\right)$$

where x and y are coordinates in a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the body, where V1 and V2 are radii of the first motion and the second motion, where n1 and n2 are speeds of the first motion and the second motion, where px1, px2, py1, py2 are phase angles, and where SX and SY are different Schmiegestaktoren from each other.

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