DE102014110953B4 - System for fastening wagons fitted with rollers in a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

System (10) for fastening trolleys provided with rollers (trolleys 11) which have strut-like components (12) in a vehicle (13), with a rail (20) which can be fastened in the vehicle (13) and which has a plurality of recesses (21) and has at least one undercut groove (22) and with at least one fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") which can be fixed to the rail (20) and to which at least one trolley (11) can be fastened, the undercut groove (22 ) on the rail (20) is oriented outwards and forms a running channel (26) and wherein the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") comprises a slider (31) which is displaceable on the running channel (26) of the rail (20) is arranged and which engages around and / or engages behind the undercut groove (22) at least in regions, characterized in that the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") can be fixed to a single recess (21), that on each fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") at least one retaining tab (32) at least one wing (36) is provided, which can reach around or engage in or engage in a strut-like component (12) of a trolley (11) at least in regions and that the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") has a plurality of vertically offset receptacles (34) for fastening the retaining tab (32) by means of one or more fastening means (35).

Description

The invention relates to a system for fastening trolleys provided with rollers, so-called trolleys, which have vertical struts or other strut-like components, in a vehicle. Such trolleys are widely used, for example for the delivery of goods to individual branches. The trolleys are particularly often used for rolls or roll blanks and other baked goods arranged on baking trays. Such blank rolls are then frosted or baked in the individual branches, which can also be done on the trolley itself. Trolleys can also be used for fresh flowers and other goods.

When the trolleys or goods are delivered to the individual branches or shops, it is important that they are securely fastened in a vehicle during transport so that the trolleys cannot slip or hit each other and goods fall or become damaged.

The DE 10 2005 001 202 A1 describes a device for fixing, inter alia, wagons provided with rollers. For this purpose, a rail is provided which has an undercut longitudinal groove which is provided with bores arranged at an axial distance from one another. Furthermore, an insert element is provided which comprises at least one cantilever which engages under the lower surfaces of the groove edges and has a plate-like holding surface. The disadvantage here, however, is that additional holding members for the various objects must be used on this plate-like holding surface. In addition, a cantilever is always attached to several adjacent holes. This limits the flexibility of this system accordingly. In addition, the production of the rails used is quite complex since, in addition to, for example, an extrusion process, machining has to take place in order to drill the holes. The production of the insert elements is also quite expensive.

The DE 203 05 485 U1 also describes a system for securing loads, especially roll containers. For this purpose, a slide is provided which has at least one recess for receiving part of the load and which is arranged displaceably on a rail. The rail has locking recesses for receiving a locking element. A swivel lever is provided to fix the slide and is designed like a handbrake as a lever with an actuating button. A disadvantage of the arrangement described is, on the one hand, that the recesses for receiving a part of the roll container are only provided at one height. If there is an obstacle on the roll container or cargo at exactly this height, such as a shelf, a baking tray, a product or the like, the cargo can hardly be attached to the device. In addition, the lever protrudes from the rail into the loading space when the slide is in the securing position, which in turn means that there is a risk of injury to persons who are in the loading space.

It is therefore an object of the invention to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide an alternative system for fastening trolleys provided with rollers in a vehicle which is flexible, inexpensive to manufacture and easy to use. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1, which have the following special meaning.

The rail is designed such that the undercut groove is oriented outwards and thus forms a running channel. An outward orientation is understood to mean that the recesses in the rail are not arranged on or in the undercut groove or the edges thereof. The edges of the undercut groove are therefore not touched by the recesses. The fastening element comprises a slider which is arranged displaceably on the running channel of the rail and which engages around and / or engages behind the undercut groove at least in regions. Furthermore, the fastening element can be fixed on a single recess. As a result of this configuration, the rail is less expensive to manufacture than the rails known from the prior art. It can consist, for example, of an extruded aluminum profile or a similar profile, into which the recesses are made by simple punching. Machining is then not necessary. This saves manufacturing costs for the rail. The fastening element can be moved as desired by the slider on the running channel and can be quickly and easily brought into active connection with a trolley or also out of active connection, as will be explained in more detail later. This enables a very time-saving and effective operation of the system. Because the fastening element can also be fixed to a single recess, the spatial relationship, in particular the length of the rail or the cargo hold of the vehicle, can be better utilized, in particular in the region of the start and end of the rail.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the fastening element has a pawl which can be introduced into one of the recesses. Furthermore, the pawl is preferably arranged pivotably on a shaft and spring-loaded. This makes it particularly easy to do that Fixing element on a recess of the rail and also to loosen again. By pivoting the pawl can be brought into and out of engagement in a simple manner with the recess. The spring load on the pawl is towards the recess, i.e. towards the fastening situation. This means that even due to vibrations and movements during loading and unloading as well as when driving the vehicle, the pawl cannot move out of the recess or release in any other way, so that the trolley is safe while the vehicle is traveling and also when loading and unloading to be held on the rail. Preferably, the center of gravity of the pawl is also arranged so that it loads it in the same direction as the spring load, that is, in the direction of the recess.

The pawl can advantageously be manually disengaged from the recess. This is advantageous since an operator then does not need any additional tools for securing and removing the trolleys and the pawl can be quickly and easily removed from the recess. In particular, the delivery to shops and branches often has to be done in a short time, so that quick and easy operation of the system is important. For manual operation, a manually easy-to-use area is provided, which is referred to here as a handle, which is connected to the pawl and, by simply pivoting it, ensures that the pawl is brought into or out of the recess.

The pawl particularly preferably also has a travel limitation which ensures that the pawl can only be pivoted up to a predetermined angle. This prevents the pawl from being pivoted too far.

The rail preferably has two undercut grooves, both of which are oriented outwards and are gripped by the slider of the fastening element. This can then be moved particularly well and safely on the rail. In this case, the glider is equipped so that it is attached to the rail from the end of the rail. If the vehicle is then equipped with the trolley, the fastening element only needs to be moved along the rail. The same applies to unloading the trolleys. The fastening elements then no longer have to be removed from the rail, but only have to be moved on it, which reduces the time for fastening and detaching the trolleys in the vehicle.

After the fastening elements have been introduced, it is particularly preferred to apply a securing device to the rail, which closes the running channel in such a way that it is not possible to simply remove the fastening elements. This serves among other things also the theft protection. Corresponding fastening elements can no longer simply be removed from the rail and, if necessary, illegally removed.

Rather, the fuse must first be removed in order to be able to remove the fastening elements. The system offers enough flexibility to bring the fastening elements into and out of engagement with the strut-like components of the trolley, even with the safety device installed, without having to remove them from the rail.

A strut-like component in the sense of the invention is to be understood to mean any area of a trolley which is designed such that it can absorb longitudinal and / or transverse forces of the trolley and can guide it into the rail with the aid of the wing (s) and the fastening element. The wing can encompass or straddle this strut-like component. However, it is also envisaged that the wing engages in this component in whole or in part and thus fixes the trolley. This configuration allows the invention to be used in a wide variety of forms of trolleys.

According to the invention, at least one retaining tab with one or two wings is provided on each fastening element, which can reach around or behind a strut-like component of a trolley, at least in regions. The holding tab can be provided, for example, as a holding tab extending in the horizontal direction. If there is a trolley in the vehicle, the fastening element can then be displaced such that a wing of the holding bracket engages around or engages around a strut-like component of the trolley or also engages in it. The fastening element can be fixed there by bringing the pawl into engagement with a recess on the rail. This can be done quickly and easily for an operator. The next trolley is then moved so that one of its strut-like components comes into operative connection with the other wing of the holding element. On another strut-like component of this trolley, the next fastening element can then be brought into engagement with a wing of the holding bracket, as described above. So a fastener, a trolley, another fastener, another trolley, etc. can always be arranged alternately. This means that few fasteners are required to secure the trolleys in the vehicle. Each trolley is preferably fixed to two strut-like components with corresponding retaining tabs of fasteners, so that it during the journey of the Vehicle cannot roll away or slip. Of course, depending on the design of the trolley, retaining tabs can be used on more or less than two strut-like components per trolley.

In order to ensure occupational safety and not to endanger the people involved in loading and unloading trolleys, the ends of the wings of the retaining straps can be rounded. This avoids sharp or pointed edges and corners where operators could cut or injure themselves.

It is particularly preferred to modify the fastening elements, which are provided at the beginning or at the end of a rail, in such a way that they have only a single wing. This one wing points sensibly in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the rail to the rail. This saves space in the area of the start and end of the rail. The first modified fastening element can then be arranged exactly in this corner directly at the beginning of the rail, which can usually be located in a corner of the loading area of the vehicle, and no valuable loading space is wasted for a wing extending beyond this area. The same applies to the wing provided at the end of the rail.

Furthermore, the fastening elements preferably have a plurality of vertically offset receptacles to which the holding tab can be fastened by means of one or more fastening means. So you can set the exact height of the retaining tab so that it can actually encompass or reach into an easily accessible area of a strut-like component of the trolley and can also engage in it and does not collide with sheet metal, floors, brackets or the like located on the trolley. Two to four different height-offset recording options are preferably provided. The same fastening elements can thus be used for a large number of differently designed trolleys. This in turn saves costs in manufacturing and warehousing.

Usually, the rail, like other securing rails located in transport vehicles, is usually attached by gluing to an inner wall of the vehicle, mostly in the loading space. Two-component adhesives are often used here. The rail therefore has one or more channels on its rear side for receiving adhesive. In addition, one or more mounting holes can also be provided. These mounting holes can then be used to accommodate screws, rivets or other fasteners. Frequently, when mounting the rail on the wall of a vehicle, an adhesive is first applied in the region of the channels on the rear of the rail and this is fastened to the wall of the vehicle. However, the rail may only be mechanically loaded after the adhesive has completely dried or hardened. Therefore, screws or similar fasteners are often introduced by means of the fastening holes, which fix the rail to the wall of the vehicle. This prevents the splint from slipping even if the adhesive is not fully cured. However, the screws or fasteners are not load-bearing parts, not even after the adhesive has hardened. Alternatively, it is of course also possible to fix the rail to the wall of a vehicle only by means of screws, rivets or similar fastening means.

• 1: ein Ausschnitt aus einem Fahrzeug mit drei Rollwagen, perspektivisch,
• 2: ein erfindungsgemäßes Befestigungselement mit Sperrklinke, Haltelasche und zwei Flügeln, perspektivisch,
• 3: das Befestigungselement aus 2 in Draufsicht,
• 4: das Befestigungselement aus 2 und 3 in Rückansicht,
• 5a: das Befestigungselement aus 2 bis 4 mit Haltelasche in einer ersten Position,
• 5b: das Befestigungselement aus 2 bis 4 mit Haltelasche in einer zweiten Position,
• 5c: das Befestigungselement aus 2 bis 4 mit Haltelasche in einer dritten Position,
• 6a: modifiziertes Befestigungselement für den Einsatz am Anfang der Schiene, perspektivisch,
• 6b: modifiziertes Befestigungselement für den Einsatz am Ende der Schiene, perspektivisch,
• 7: eine erfindungsgemäße Schiene, perspektivisch,
• 8: eine erfindungsgemäße Schiene in Vorderansicht,
• 9: eine erfindungsgemäße Schiene entlang des Schnittes IX. - IX. in 8,
• 10: ein zusammengebautes System mit Befestigungsmitteln und Schiene, perspektivisch,
• 11: das System aus 10 in Seitenansicht,
• 12a: das System aus 10 und 11 im Schnitt mit Sperrklinke im Eingriff,
• 12b: das System aus 12a mit Sperrklinke außer Eingriff,
• 13, eine Ausschnittvergrößerung gemäß Ausschnitt XIII. in 1,
• 14: der Ausschnitt aus 13 in Vorderansicht,
• 15: eine Ausschnittvergrößerung gemäß Ausschnitt XV. in 1,
• 16: der Ausschnitt aus 15 in Vorderansicht.

Further advantages and embodiments result from the following description, the subclaims and the drawings. In the drawings, the invention is shown in one embodiment. Show it:

• 1 : a section of a vehicle with three trolleys, in perspective,
• 2 : a fastening element according to the invention with pawl, retaining tab and two wings, in perspective,
• 3 : the fastener 2 in top view,
• 4 : the fastener 2 and 3 in rear view,
• 5a : the fastener 2 to 4 with a retaining tab in a first position,
• 5b : the fastener 2 to 4 with retaining tab in a second position,
• 5c : the fastener 2 to 4 with holding tab in a third position,
• 6a : modified fastening element for use at the beginning of the rail, in perspective,
• 6b : modified fastening element for use at the end of the rail, in perspective,
• 7 : a rail according to the invention, in perspective,
• 8th : a rail according to the invention in front view,
• 9 : a rail according to the invention along the cut IX. - IX , in 8th .
• 10 : an assembled system with fasteners and rail, perspective,
• 11 : the system out 10 in side view,
• 12a : the system out 10 and 11 on average engaged with pawl,
• 12b : the system out 12a disengaged with pawl,
• 13 , a section enlargement according to the section XIII , in 1 .
• 14 : the excerpt from 13 in front view,
• 15 : an enlarged section according to the section XV , in 1 .
• 16 : the excerpt from 15 in front view.

1 shows the system according to the invention 10 in use. Three trolleys 11 are on a schematically represented cargo hold of a vehicle 13 attached. A single rail is used for this 20 , on which four fasteners 30 or modified fasteners 30 ' . 30 " were applied. The trolleys 11 are on their strut-like components 12 , which are designed here as vertical struts, through these fasteners 30 . 30 ' . 30 " safe on the rail 20 supported. Of course, depending on the size of the vehicle 13 or the loading area and size of the trolleys 11 different number of trolleys 11 this way on a rail 20 secured against slipping or moving.

The 2 to 4 show the fastener 30 with the pawl 40 and the retaining tab 32 , The retaining tab 32 has two wings 36 on. These extend almost horizontally. The ends 33 the wing 36 are rounded off to prevent injuries to operators that could occur at sharp edges or corners. The fastening element also comprises 30 the pawl 40 , This is on a shaft 41 pivoted and is supported by a spring 42 down towards the glider 31 the fastener 30 there, burdened. In addition, the pawl 40 designed in such a way that its focus also points in the same direction. The glider 31 is based on the shape of the undercut grooves 22 the rail 20 adjusted, as will be shown in more detail later. The retaining tab 32 is through the fasteners 35 on the fastener 30 supported.

The latter is also used in the 5a to 5c explained in more detail. The fastener 30 shows several shots 34 on, which are arranged offset in height from each other. So the retaining tab 32 in different positions on the fastener 30 to be ordered. In the present exemplary embodiment, three positions are provided. However, this number can vary. This variation option is particularly important around the same fastener 30 with retaining tab 32 for different types of trolleys 11 provided. Should a wing unfavorably 36 the retaining tab 32 with a component on the trolley 11 , such as a sheet metal, a bracket, an intermediate floor or the like can collide, the retaining tab 32 simply at a different height on the fastener 30 by means of the fasteners 35 to be ordered. To do this, simply take other pictures 34 used. The same applies to the use of differently designed trolleys 11 which, for example, strut-like components 12 have that are not arranged vertically.

The 6a and 6b show modified fasteners 30 ' , Here is the fastener 30 ' out 6a provided at the beginning 28 a rail 20 in a vehicle 13 to be assembled. Such beginnings 28 the rail 20 are often located in a corner of the loading area of the vehicle 13 , Are two wings 36 on the retaining tab 32 is provided by installing a normal fastener 30 Space wasted, roughly the length of the wing 36 the one in the corner of the vehicle 13 is arranged and there is no trolley 11 can hold because there is no one there. This area cannot usually be used to fix a trolley. Therefore in the 6a modified fastener shown 30 ' on a wing 36 waived. So the fastener 30 ' significantly further in the corner of the vehicle 13 or at the beginning 28 the rail 20 to be ordered.

The same applies to the modified fastener 30 " in 6b , This will end 27 the rail 20 arranged. Here, too, no space is wasted because of a grand piano 36 the retaining tab 32 is missing. If you look at that 6a and 6b , you find that exactly the opposite wing 36 with the modified fasteners 30 ' . 30 " Find use.

The 7 to 9 illustrate the design of the rail 20 , The rail 20 has a plurality of recesses arranged side by side 21 on. In the present exemplary embodiment, these are of square design. Of course, other shapes such as rectangles, circles, oval shapes, etc. can also be provided.

It can also be seen that the rail has two undercut grooves 22 which are oriented to the outside. In this exemplary embodiment, this means that the undercut does not correspond to the recesses 21 or to the other groove 22 is arranged, but away from them. This creates a running channel 26 by a fastener 30 . 30 ' . 30 " can be encompassed. Of course, the undercut can also be oriented in exactly the opposite direction. The edges of the grooves 22 however, remain from the recesses 21 unaffected. Such rails 20 are inexpensive to manufacture. In the present case, it is an aluminum profile that can be produced by extrusion. The recesses 21 can then be introduced by simple punching processes. Machining is not necessary.

The rail 20 features on its back 25 over two channels 23 , An adhesive, for example a two-component adhesive, can be introduced into this around the rail 20 on the wall of a vehicle 13 to fix. The also recognizable mounting holes 24 only serve to fix the rail 20 at the vehicle 13 , while the adhesive has not yet fully hardened or dried. With the rail fully assembled 20 take those in the mounting holes 24 Any screws present do not exert any forces on the rail 20 Act on.

In the 10 and 11 is now the interaction of the entire system 10 to recognize. The fastener 30 embraces with its glider 31 the two undercut grooves 22 and thus the sound channel 26 the rail 20 , Thus, the fastener 30 suitable on the rail 20 to be moved at will. This allows the retaining tab 32 with their wings 36 with the strut-like components designed as vertical struts 12 on the trolley 11 be engaged and disengaged, as will be shown later. You can also see the pawl 40 that are in a recess 21 on the rail 20 intervenes. The fastener is in this position 30 no longer on the rail 20 displaced. The pawl 40 is by the spring 42 held in this position and can only by manual operation of the lower portion of the pawl 40 which as a handle 43 trained to be brought out of this position.

This is in the 12a and 12b shown which the system according to the invention 10 show in section. While in 12a the situation from the 10 and 11 is shown in which the pawl 40 into the recess 21 on the rail 20 engages and by their own gravity as well as by the force of the spring 42 held in this position can be seen in 12b that by operating the pawl 40 in the area of the handle 43 a pivoting around the shaft 41 against the spring force 42 has taken place. The pawl 40 is now out of engagement with the recess 21 in the rail 20 has been brought. The fastener 30 can so freely along the longitudinal direction of the rail 20 be moved by using its glider 31 the running channel 26 the rail 20 includes. You can also see that the path limitation 44 has come to the plant. In the 12b The situation shown shows the maximum pivoting of the pawl 40 , The handle 43 cannot be swiveled further upwards. There is no load on the handle 43 more, the pawl swings 40 around the wave 41 back by gravity and the power of the spring 42 , Then automatically comes back into the 12a shown situation.

The 13 to 16 show some details of the system 10 with the trolley 11 , Here are the 13 and 15 Cutout enlargements 1 , The 13 and 14 show the system 10 in use with two trolleys 11 , Both trolleys 11 have several vertically arranged strut-like components 12 , Furthermore, holding devices for baking trays or the like are also arranged here, on which goods can be located. It can be seen that the fastener 30 on the rail 20 is arranged. The pawl 40 is in a recess 21 brought in. The fastener so arranged 30 is therefore currently not movable along the rail and secures the two neighboring trolleys 11 against rolling away, shifting or slipping.

The two wings 36 the retaining tab 32 each encompass a vertical strut-like component 12 on each of the trolleys 11 , The retaining tab 32 is so on the fastener 30 set that wing 36 do not collide with the receptacles for the baking trays.

The 15 and 16 show the situation in the end 27 the rail 20 , Here is a modified fastener 30 " intended. The holding strap used 32 has only one wing here 36 on, because even a strut-like component 12 on a single trolley 11 must be recorded. Thus it comes to an end 27 the rail 20 no space due to an additional wing 36 wasted, which would not be used here. The pawl is also here 40 in engagement with a recess 21 on the rail 20 ,

Shall now the trolleys 11 be unloaded, so with the modified fastener 30 " at the end 27 the rail 20 the pawl 40 by operating the handle 43 with the recess 21 disengaged and the modified fastener 30 " with the help of the glider 31 on the running channel 26 the rail 20 postponed. This gives the wing 36 the strut-like component 12 on the trolley 11 free and this can be moved sideways. After that, the next fastener 30 by operating the handle 43 the pawl 40 moved and moved so far that the next trolley 11 can be removed, etc. Overall, it can be determined that the securing and loosening of the trolley 11 in the vehicle 13 can be significantly simplified by the system according to the invention.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the embodiments shown here are merely exemplary implementations of the invention. This is not limited to this. Rather, further changes and modifications are possible. For example, instead of the two undercut grooves, it is also possible to provide other profile cross sections for the profile or to design the running channel of the profile differently. The glider is then adapted to the shape of the running channel. The pawl can also be designed differently. The recesses in the rail can have virtually any shape. A continuous single recess is also conceivable, which then has a profiled edge, with the aid of which the fastening element or the pawl can be secured to the rail in a certain position. The undercut groove or the undercut grooves can also be oriented differently, e.g. towards the recesses in the rail, the recesses not being at the edges of the grooves, but in another area of the rail, such as in the floor. So the rail can still be manufactured without machining. Of course, more than one rail can also be used per vehicle, for example one rail can be arranged on each of the two longitudinal walls.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

system

11

trolley

12

strut-like component 11

13

vehicle

20

rail

21

Recess 20

22

groove

23

channel

24

mounting hole

25

Back of 20

26

Run channel from 20

27

End of 20

28

Beginning of 20

30

fastener

30 ', 30 "

Modified fastener

31

skid

32

retaining tab

33

End of 36

34

admission

35

fastener

36

wing

40

pawl

41

wave

42

Spring on 40

43

Handle

44

travel limitation

Claims (11)

System (10) for fastening trolleys provided with rollers (trolleys 11), which have strut-like components (12), in a vehicle (13), with a rail (20) which can be fastened in the vehicle (13) and which has a plurality of recesses (21) and has at least one undercut groove (22) and with at least one fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") which can be fixed to the rail (20) and to which at least one trolley (11) can be fastened, the undercut groove ( 22) on the rail (20) is oriented outwards and forms a running channel (26) and the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") comprises a slider (31) which is on the running channel (26) of the rail (20 ) is displaceably arranged and which engages around and / or engages behind the undercut groove (22) at least in regions, characterized in that the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") can be fixed to a single recess (21) that on each fastening element ( 30, 30 ', 30 ") at least one holding laser che (32) is provided with at least one wing (36) which can reach around or reach behind or engage in a strut-like component (12) of a trolley (11) and that the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") several has vertically offset receptacles (34) for fastening the retaining tab (32) by means of one or more fastening means (35). System (10) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 ") has a pawl (40) which can be introduced into the recess (21). System (10) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the pawl (40) is pivotally mounted on a shaft (41) and is spring-loaded (42). System (10) according to one of the Claims 2 or 3 , characterized in that the pawl (40) can be inserted into the recess (21) by means of a manually operated handle (43) and can be guided out of it again. System (10) according to one of the Claims 2 to 4 , characterized in that the pawl (40) has a path limitation (44) which ensures that the pawl (40) can only be pivoted up to a predetermined angle. System (10) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the rail (20) has two undercut grooves (22), both of which are oriented outwards and are encompassed by the slider (31) of the fastening element (30, 30 ', 30 "). System (10) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that at the end (27) of the rail (20) a fuse can be inserted which closes the running channel (26) of the rail (20). System (10) according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the retaining tab (32) is rounded at the end (33) of its wings (36). System (10) according to one of the Claims 7 or 8th , characterized in that at least one modified fastening element (30 ', 30 ") which is provided at the beginning (28) or at the end (27) of the rail (20) and in which the retaining tab (32) has only one wing (36) having. System (10) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the rail (20) has on its rear side (25) one or more channels (23) which can be used to hold adhesive. System (10) according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the rail (20) has one or more fastening holes (24).

Images