DE102014014393A1 - heat exchangers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (2) for transmitting thermal energy between an object to be adjusted in its temperature (44, 50) and a heat transport means (28). The heat exchanger (2) has a thermally conductive base body (4) in which an interior space (10) for guiding the heat transporting means (28) is formed and guide elements (40) arranged in the interior space (10) for guiding at least one into the interior space (10 ) insertable partition (22) for separating two subspaces (26) in the interior (10), in which at least a portion of the heat transport means (28) is feasible. The dividing wall (22) has a passage (34, 48) interconnecting the partial spaces.

Description

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger and a use of the heat exchanger.

A heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 36 06 334 C2 known. In this heat exchanger is a cross-flow heat exchanger in which a plurality of parallel flow channels is formed, which are delimited by partitions against each other. In a cross-flow heat exchanger, the flow channels are inherently arranged so that a heat exchange takes place in each case between adjacent flow channels. Therefore, in a cross-flow heat exchanger, the individual flow channels must not be connected to each other, so that the fluids between which the heat is to be exchanged, do not mix.

The DE 60 2005 000 004 T2 shows a body for a heat exchanger, which is made of an extruded profile and having a plurality of cylindrical channels.

In many technical fields, such as information technology, the electronics industry, in the field of electrical power generation, control technology, railway and / or shipbuilding areas with elevated temperature, so-called hotspots, decentralized with the temperature of objects setting heat exchangers are cooled as island solution. To remove the heat from the hotspot is from a certain cooling capacity, a liquid heat transfer medium, such as water necessary. There are basically two types of heat exchangers:
At from the DE 197 09 176 A1 known lamellar heat exchangers, also called classic air-water heat exchanger, air is cooled in a room to cool with the cooled air components in the room to protect against overheating or to keep constant in temperature. The supply air passes through a base body in which the heat transfer medium absorbs the heat from the air and transported away. However, the heat transfer medium can release the heat to the air, so that the air cools the heat transport medium. In this basic way, heat exchangers for cabinets, air conditioners, car radiators and the like act.

Laminated heat exchangers differ fundamentally with regard to their manufacture and the guidance of the air flowing through the laminar heat exchanger.

From the DE 20 2005 003 502 U1 is known a fin heat exchanger in which thin metal strips are attached to metallic pipes. The metallic tubes are then closed at the ends by round arches, so that a pipe system leading to the heat transfer medium is formed. Although a plurality of different air ducts and thus a good thermal contact between the air and the heat transport medium can be realized with this construction principle, a large number of complex welding and / or soldering operations are necessary to form the pipe system for guiding the heat transport medium.

From the DE 10 2007 050 356 A1 a finned heat exchanger is known with a frame in which groove sheets are embedded. The construction principle of this finned heat exchanger is also referred to as embedded folding structure. Although this embedding can be realized with a comparatively low production cost, the freedom in the guidance of the air to the heat transport medium is severely limited because the air can only be perpendicular to the groove plates.

In addition to finned heat exchangers are from the US 2013 112 383 A1 and the US 2006/0017202 A1 directly on a object to be cooled mounted cold plate heat exchanger, also known as cold plate heat exchanger known. Such cold plate heat exchangers are produced by milling grooves for guiding the heat transport medium into a metallic semifinished product. Subsequently, the milled metallic semi-finished product is closed again. Here, a flat mounting surface, the so-called plate cold side, must be formed, on which an object to be cooled is mounted directly. Cold plate heat exchangers are used, for example, for cooling microprocessors in computers. The expense of milling the cooling grooves in cold plate heat exchangers is very high and is difficult to realize meaningful in mass production. In addition, the milling is basically a machining production process with a correspondingly high waste generation.

Although, with a modular design for heat exchangers, such as from the US 2005/0128705 A1 known, a certain flexibility can be achieved, but conventional heat exchangers must be prepared in principle depending on their intended use, the production depending on the type of heat exchanger can be very complex.

In contrast, it is an object of the invention to propose a heat exchanger which not only arbitrarily adapted to a specific application with a uniform manufacturing process make, he should also be arbitrarily adaptable in his leadership of the heat transfer medium.

The object is solved by the features of independent claims 1 and 10. Preferred developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to one aspect of the invention, a heat exchanger for transmitting thermal energy between an object to be adjusted in its temperature and a heat transport means comprises a thermally conductive base body in which an interior space for guiding the heat transport means is formed and a partition wall arranged in the interior for separating two via a passage with each other connected subspaces in the interior, in which at least a portion of the heat transport means is feasible.

The specified heat exchanger is based on the consideration that, in the heat exchangers mentioned initially, the guide of the heat transport medium is usually first formed, and then the outside of the heat exchanger is finally formed. In the finned heat exchanger of the first type, the tubes carrying the heat transport medium are first arranged and then the metal strips defining the outside are applied. The position of the pipes can then no longer be changed, so that each fin heat exchanger of this type must always be made individually for a specific application. This is also the case with the cold plate heat exchanger, in which the milled-in guidance of the heat transport means can not be changed simply afterwards.

Here, the heat exchanger according to the invention with the proposal to initially provide a thermally conductive base body with a basically arbitrarily formed, but preferably as rectangular as possible cross-sectional profile having guide elements in the interior. In this interior, channels for guiding the heat transport means can then be subsequently formed via partitions by being inserted over the guide elements in the interior. Thus, the heat exchanger can initially set in a general form manufacturer side and then subsequently customized in any way.

The main body can be made in the manner of a plate heat exchanger or in the manner of a cold plate heat exchanger in any way. Because this base body no longer needs to be damaged by the movable into the interior insertable partitions in the formation of the channels for guiding the heat transport medium from the outside, the heat exchanger can basically be made in the manner of a plate heat exchanger or in the manner of a cold plate heat exchanger with a single manufacturing process. Only the tool for producing the lamellas in the finned heat exchanger or the cold plate side of the cold plate heat exchanger is to be selected depending on the application. Both heat exchanger types can even be combined in a single heat exchanger.

In principle, the main body can be designed as a cast body or the like. Preferably, however, the main body is an extrusion body, in particular an extruded body, which has a closed cross-sectional profile. Extrusion is to be understood below to mean a primary molding process in which viscous, curable compositions are pressed out continuously under pressure from a shaping opening. The resulting base body whose profile depends on the opening can theoretically be extruded with any length. There are several extrusion methods in which extrusion molding is best suited to the body because it can best process thermally conductive materials such as metals. The basic body produced by an extrusion process is characterized by its profile, which remains constant over the entire extrusion length.

During extrusion and thus during extrusion, the outside of the main body can be specified in any desired manner by the aforementioned shaping opening. If the object to be adjusted in its temperature is an air flow, the slats can also be formed during extrusion. If the object to be adjusted in its temperature is a component, the main body can be provided with the plate cold side without fins. The opening can also be designed so that one side of the main body with fins and the other side of the body is extruded with a cold plate side to combine the finned heat exchanger and the cold plate heat exchanger.

In an additional development, the heat exchanger comprises the partition with a length which is smaller than the length of the base body. This is one way to create a connecting passage between the subspaces. Alternatively or additionally, the passage can also be designed as a passage opening in the partition wall.

In a further development, the heat exchanger comprises a further fixedly connected to the main body partition, which is adapted to form at least one further of the two subspaces independent subspace in the interior. This partition can be formed during extrusion with. The further partition wall is firmly connected in this way with the base body, so that the further partition wall acts as a stabilizing web, which increases the mechanical stability of the base body.

In order to connect the subspaces formed over the further partition wall to one another, part of the further partition wall can be recessed in the region of an end face of the extrusion body. The recess can be used by cutting processes such as milling or sawing as well as by other processing methods, such as water jet or laser cutting in the other partition.

For a complete design of the channels for guiding the heat transport means, the body formed as an extrusion body may be closed at the end face with end plates. Further laying of pipes or the like for complete formation of the channels for guiding the heat transport medium is then no longer necessary.

For supplying the heat transport medium into the interior and for discharging the heat transport medium from the interior of the heat exchanger is provided in a development with a feed to the interior of one of the end plates and with a discharge from the interior of the same or the other launch plate.

According to a further aspect of the invention, one of the heat exchangers specified above is used as a fin heat exchanger and / or as a cold plate heat exchanger.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method of manufacturing one of the heat exchangers described comprises the steps of extruding a body having an interior space and guide members disposed therein in the extrusion direction, inserting the partition into the guide members, closing the body with two end plates at its end faces, and forming a body Zuführelementes to the interior and a discharge from the interior.

The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the embodiments which will be described in connection with the drawing. Show it:

1 a perspective view of a heat exchanger in a partial exploded view,

2a to 2f schematic views of possible configurations for an interior in a body of the heat exchanger of the 1 .

3a to 3c Side views of possible heat exchangers,

4 a perspective view of a wall of the body with slots, are inserted into the slats, and

5 a view of a possible heat exchanger in profile.

In the figures, the same technical elements are provided with the same reference numerals and described only once.

It will open 1 Reference is made to a perspective view of a heat exchanger 2 in a partial exploded view shows. The heat exchanger 2 is essentially a body 4 formed in the present embodiment, in a non-limiting manner, a rectangular cross-sectional profile. Below is initially this basic body 4 be described in more detail before the heat exchanger 2 will be discussed in more detail.

The main body 4 is at a first end 6 and on one of the first end face 6 opposite second end face 8th in the in 1 perspective is not shown, to an interior 10 opened.

The interior 10 is through a bottom wall 12 , one of the bottom wall 12 opposite top wall 14 , a first sidewall 16 and one of the first side wall 16 opposite second side wall 18 Limited in profile, and only on the front sides 6 . 8th open. It may be the shape of the interior 10 in the area of the side walls 16 . 18 be rounded to the main body 4 to give more mechanical stability.

The interior 10 Here is also about five movable partitions in the form of sliders 22 and four fixed further partitions in the form of webs 24 in ten subspaces 26 divided. In these subspaces 26 can one in the 2a to 2f indicated heat transport medium 28 be guided. This will be discussed later.

The individual subspaces 26 are interconnected to the heat transport medium 28 between a feed port 30 and exhaust port 32 respectively. This will also be discussed later. To connect the subspaces 26 between them include the webs 24 in the area of the first front side 6 of the basic body 4 recesses 34 , In contrast, have the movable slide 22 one in the 2a to 2f Shutter length shown 36 which is shorter than a basic body length 38 of the basic body 4 between the two end faces 6 . 8th ,

For guiding the slides 22 in the interior 10 of the basic body 4 are in the interior 10 Guide elements in the form of guide rails 40 arranged. From these guide rails 40 is in 1 for clarity, only one provided with a reference numeral.

Basically, in the basic body 4 the sliders 22 for forming the subspaces 26 be provided because so the aforementioned leadership of the heat transport medium 28 in any way in the interior 10 train. The firmly in the interior 10 arranged webs 24 should only be used in exceptional cases to the main body 4 mechanically stabilize.

On the bottom wall 12 and the top wall 14 of the basic body 4 of the 1 are slats 42 trained, in which an in 3a and 3c illustrated air flow 44 can attack as set in its temperature object. From these slats 42 are in 1 for clarity, only three pieces on the top wall 14 provided with a reference numeral.

The in 1 shown basic body 4 is extruded by extrusion, because in this way the interior 10 with the jetties 22 and the guide rails 40 as well as the slats 42 on the bottom wall 12 and the top wall 14 can be molded in one step. The body 4 underlying extrusion body can be made with any extrusion length, wherein the main body 4 finally on his body length 38 can be cut to length. After that basically only the recesses need 34 at the jetties 24 be formed, and from the main body 4 can the heat exchanger 2 getting produced.

For this purpose, first the slide 22 in the guide rails 40 in the interior 10 pushed in to the subspaces 26 in an end-user-specific form. Possible end user specific forms are described below with reference to 2a to 2f explained.

As in the 2a to 2c shown, the individual can through the slider 22 and footbridges 24 formed subspaces 26 be arranged in series with each other, so that the path of the heat transport medium 28 through the interior 10 of the basic body 4 runs serpentine. The slides can 22 and footbridges 24 as in the 2a and 2 B shown alternately juxtaposed while the subspaces 26 in the interior 10 of the basic body 4 , as in 2c shown, also completely with the sliders 22 can be defined. In 2a indicates the basic body 4 due to the double used webs 26 the highest mechanical stability on while the main body 4 in the 2c without a jetty 24 having the lowest mechanical stability.

Instead of like in the 2a to 2c In particular, the slides can be shown 22 , as in 2d and 2e shown, with passages 48 be formed between their ends. From these passages 48 are in the 2d and 2e only one provided with a reference numeral. It can per slider 22 several passages 48 expediently in equidistant intervals on the individual slides 22 be formed to each other. In the inserted state of the individual slides 22 can the individual passages 48 offset from each other or, as in the 2d and 2e shown not offset from each other. It would also be possible the size of the passages 48 over the individual slides 22 to change. In this way, the heat transfer agent 28 unlike in 2a to 2c not in series through the individual subspaces 26 guided. The sliders 22 put with their passport openings 48 ultimately flow resistances that the heat transport medium 28 evenly in the interior 10 to distribute.

Finally, the principle of distributed guidance of the heat transport medium 28 through the interior 10 with the principle of a serial guidance of the heat transport medium 28 through individual subspaces 26 , as in 2f shown, can also be combined.

Is the leadership of the heat flow 28 in the interior 10 over the sliders 22 and the footbridges 24 configured (see 2a to 2f ) and thus set, then the interior 10 closed to the outside, if this is necessary or desired end user specific. For this purpose are on the front pages 6 . 8th of the basic body 4 endplates 46 put on the interior 10 of the basic body 4 close the front. In 1 is a possible end plate 46 shown on the first face 6 of the basic body 4 can be put on. It contains, in contrast to a cover plate, not shown, on the second end face 8th can be placed, the supply port 30 and the discharge port 32 , These will then be on the end plate 46 arranged such that the supply port 30 and the exhaust port 32 in one of the subspaces 46 lead, as in the 2a to 2f indicated.

After placement, the end plates 46 on the front sides 6 . 8th with the main body 4 connected. When choosing the connection technique should be taken into account that the end plates 46 the interior 10 on the front sides 6 . 8th should close tightly, to escape the heat transport medium 28 to avoid. For this purpose, a welding technique is suitable. To the connection between the end plates 46 and the body 4 To design as precisely as possible, the end plates 46 in profile direction of the body 4 seen positively applied to this, so that they have a defined position and the connection is carried out process reliable.

The heat exchanger thus prepared 2 can now be used to transfer thermal energy between the above-mentioned air flow 44 and / or one in the 3b and 3c shown component 50 and the heat transporting agent 28 be used. This shows the great advantage of the heat exchanger 2 because the interior 10 with its subspaces 46 and the leadership of the heat transport medium 28 become completely independent of a shape of the bottom wall 12 , the ceiling wall 14 and the side walls 16 . 18 educated. That is, the heat exchanger 2 can be manufactured with any shape and adapted to the end user specific requirements.

In 3a is the heat exchanger 2 of the 1 in a side view overlooking the second side wall 18 shown in an operating state in which the heat exchanger 2 the airflow 44 is exposed. The heat exchanger 2 in this form is a finned heat exchanger. This happens the air flow 44 the slats 42 while in the in 3a unseen interior 10 the heat transport medium 28 in the form of water through the subspaces 26 flows. The heat transfer agent 28 has a temperature that is less than a temperature of the fins 42 passing air 44 , In this way, the passing air warms 44 the slats 42 on, then the heat energy to the corresponding colder heat transfer medium 28 submit. This transports the heat then over the in 3a not to be seen discharge port 32 to a heat sink, the heat transfer medium 28 Cool in a conventional manner again and over the supply port 30 again in the interior 10 of the heat exchanger can introduce.

In 3b is shown an alternative form in which the heat exchanger 2 can also be performed. Here are components 50 directly on the ceiling wall 14 placed on top for optimum thermal contact with the components 50 even, without slats 42 is executed. The heat exchanger 2 in this form is a cold plate heat exchanger. To the main body 4 for the heat exchanger 2 of the 3b In the extrusion process mentioned above, only one extrusion tool need be provided, in which the main body 4 without fins 42 is trained. All other process steps for manufacturing the heat exchanger 2 stay the same.

In a particularly favorable manner, the finned heat exchanger and the cold plate heat exchanger in a single, in 3c shown heat exchanger 2 to be united.

Next alternatively, the main body 4 on one of the sides 12 to 18 also with in 4 shown slots 52 be executed, in which then the slats 42 can be pressed. In 4 the principle is an example of a basic body 4 presenting plate, the sake of clarity, also with the reference numeral of the body 4 is provided. Also in 4 are not all slats 42 as well as all slots 52 provided with a reference numeral.

In 5 is another embodiment of the heat exchanger 2 shown.

The heat exchanger 2 of the 5 is a development of the heat exchanger 2 of the 3c in which a finned heat exchanger and a cold plate heat exchanger are combined. On the bottom wall 12 are slats 42 trained, of which in 5 For the sake of clarity, not all are provided with a reference numeral. On the top wall 14 can the components 50 be attached.

For fastening the components 50 are on the top wall 14 Fasteners in the form of threaded holes 54 formed, in each of which a fastening screw, not shown, for mechanically connecting the components 50 to the heat exchanger 2 can be screwed. The individual threaded holes 54 each have a drill diameter 56 ,

In 5 are the tapped holes 54 in webs 24 of the basic body 4 of the heat exchanger 2 formed. The webs have this 24 in the profile of the body 4 seen a bridge width 58 that is larger than the drill diameter 56 the threaded hole 54 in the respective footbridge 24 is formed.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3606334 C2 [0002]
• DE 602005000004 T2 [0003]
• DE 19709176 A1 [0004]
• DE 202005003502 U1 [0006]
• DE 102007050356 A1 [0007]
• US 2013/12383 A1 [0008]
• US 2006/0017202 A1 [0008]
• US 2005/0128705 A1 [0009]

Claims (10)

Heat exchanger ( 2 ) for transferring thermal energy between an object to be set in its temperature ( 44 . 50 ) and a heat transport medium ( 28 ), comprising: - a thermally conductive base body ( 4 ), in which an interior ( 10 ) for guiding the heat transporting means ( 28 ), and - in the interior ( 10 ) arranged guide elements ( 40 ) for guiding at least one into the interior ( 10 ) insertable partition ( 22 ) for separating two subspaces ( 26 ) in the interior ( 10 ), in which at least a part of the heat transport medium ( 28 ) is feasible, characterized in that - the partition ( 22 ) one the subspaces ( 26 ) interconnecting passage ( 34 . 48 ) having. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic body ( 4 ) an extrusion body ( 4 ), in particular an extruded body, which has a closed cross-sectional profile. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the partition wall ( 22 ) with a length ( 36 ), which is smaller than a length ( 38 ) of the basic body ( 4 ) in the extrusion direction. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that a further fixed to the base body ( 4 ) connected partition ( 24 ), which is set up, at least one other of the two subspaces ( 26 ) independent subspace ( 26 ) in the interior ( 10 ) train. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the further partition wall ( 24 ) Part of the Extraction Body ( 4 ), and a part ( 34 ) of the further partition ( 24 ) in the region of a front side ( 6 . 8th ) of the extrusion body ( 4 ) is omitted. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterized in that two of the interior ( 10 ) of the basic body ( 4 ) on both end faces ( 6 . 8th ) end closure elements ( 46 ) are provided. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that a feed element ( 30 ) to the interior ( 10 ) and a discharge element ( 32 ) from the interior ( 10 ) for supplying or discharging the heat transport medium ( 28 ) into or out of the interior ( 10 ) are provided. Heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cooling fins ( 42 ) in at least one subarea ( 12 . 14 ) on an outside ( 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 ) of the basic body ( 4 ) are mounted. Use of a heat exchanger ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims as a plate heat exchanger and / or as a cold plate heat exchanger. Method for producing a heat exchanger ( 2 ), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the following steps: - extruding a main body ( 4 ) with an interior ( 10 ) and therein in the extrusion direction arranged guide elements ( 40 ), - introducing at least one in the interior ( 10 ) two subspaces ( 26 ) separating partition ( 22 ), one of the subspaces ( 26 ) interconnecting passage ( 34 . 48 ), in the guide elements, - Completing the body ( 4 ) with two end plates ( 46 ) at its end faces ( 6 . 8th ), - forming a feed element ( 30 ) to the interior ( 10 ) and a discharge element ( 32 ) from the interior ( 10 ).

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