DE102013219942A1 - Method and device for applying forces and movements to warp threads of a loom - Google Patents

Abstract

Method and device for applying forces and movements to warp threads (1, 1 ') of a loom with the method steps: deflecting the warp threads (1, 1') via a thread deflection element (2) which is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis (3); Applying spring forces on the Fadenumlenkelement (2) over more than three points of force (5) along a first line (6) extending parallel to the pivot axis (3), wherein the spring forces are applied by at least one spring element (4), the one having adjustable spring characteristic; Applying a predetermined, forcibly oscillating movement (38) on the Fadenumlenkelement (2), wherein the movement by a drive means (7) via a drive element (8) is applied

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a method and a device for applying forces and movements to warp threads of a weaving machine

State of the art

In weaving machines devices are known in the art with which forces and movements can be applied to the warp threads of a loom.

Such a device shows, for example, the DE 2731046 A1 , This relates to a device for balancing the warp tension on a loom with a movably mounted, inherently stiff, continuous stringing tree, characterized in that the coating tree is supported by at least one substantially extending in the longitudinal direction of the coating tree pressure pad. The WO 1997030201 A1 shows a tensioning device for a warp sheet, in which a tensioning roller is provided, which is resiliently supported resiliently yieldingly on its length by means of support rollers. From the WO 2008077383 A1 is a bowing for a loom known, are compensated in the warp thread movements in the warp direction by an oscillating arranged on a leaf spring Fadenumlenkelement. The DE 19915952 A1 describes a method in which the oscillating movements of a coating tree around its longitudinal center axis are either positively controlled or freely controlled or in which a positively controlled movement is superimposed on an informal movement.

Spreading or tensioning rollers serve between the warp beam and the weaving level as Fadenumlenkelemente for warp threads of the loom. In addition, in the above-mentioned devices spring elements are provided which apply across the width of the warp thread crowd at several points spring forces on the Fadenumlenkelement, whereby a uniform distribution of these spring forces is achieved. Due to the resilient suspension of the Fadenumlenkelemente results in tension changes in the warp threads each also a movement of the Fadenumlenkelements, which counteracts the tension change. The arrangements of the spring elements and the Fadenumlenkelemente on the weaving machine are usually carried out in the prior art so that despite compensating movement of the spring-suspended Fadenumlenkelemente in the weaving cycle in the open shed position of the warp yarn warp tension is greater than in the closed shed position, which is also called Fachschluss , When weaving very dense fabrics, it has now been shown that a higher warp tension is required in the weaving machine weaving cycle in the area of the sheet stop in order to actually achieve a required high weft density. The reed stop of the weaving machine usually takes place in the weaving cycle a short time after completion. However, as stated above, this is the area where the warp tension is low. In addition, due to the low moving masses of Fadenumlenkelemente the devices described above with rapid tension changes in the warp fast compensation movements of the Fadenumlenkelemente, so that caused by the sheet stop abrupt increase in the warp tension is at least partially compensated again.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for applying forces and movements to warp threads of a weaving machine, in which in the weaving cycle in certain areas compensation of tension fluctuations is made possible, while in other areas no compensation or even a targeted increase the warp tension can be achieved.

Description of the invention

• 1) Die Kettfäden werden durch ein Fadenumlenkelement umgelenkt, wobei das Fadenumlenkelement um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbar gelagert ist. Es kann sich bei der Schwenkachse auch um eine kinematisch wirksame, virtuelle Achse handeln.
• 2) Auf das Fadenumlenkelement werden Federkräften aufgebracht und zwar über mehrere Kraftangriffspunkte. Die Kraftangriffspunkte verteilen sich dabei entlang einer ersten Linie, die sich parallel zur Schwenkachse erstreckt. Diese Kraftangriffspunkte sind über die Breite des Fadenumlenkelements verteilt angeordnet. Für eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Lasteinleitung wird dadurch gesorgt, dass mehr als drei Kraftangriffspunkte vorhanden sind. Diese Punkte können dabei an den äußeren Enden, aber auch im mittleren Bereich des Fadenumlenkelements angeordnet sein. Die Kraftangriffspunkte sollen dabei nicht nur geometrisch exakt definierte Punkte umfassen, sondern es sind ganz allgemein geometrische Orte gemeint, an denen eine Kraftübertragung zwischen Bauteilen erfolgt. Diese Kraftangriffsorte oder – Kraftangriffspunkte sind entlang einer Linie verteilt, müssen jedoch nicht exakt auf dieser ersten Linie liegen und können auch eine flächige Ausdehnung haben. Es handelt sich also um geometrische Orte, deren Abstände voneinander sich im Wesentlichen in Richtung einer gemeinsamen Linie erstrecken. Die Federkräfte werden durch mindestens ein Federelement aufgebracht, das eine einstellbare Federkennlinie aufweist. Durch die Einstellbarkeit der Federkennlinie kann eine Anpassung an verschiedene Niveaus der Kettspannungen bzw. der Kettfadenzugkräfte bei verschiedenen Geweben erfolgen, ohne dass für diese Anpassung Federelemente ausgetauscht werden müssen.
• 3) Aufbringen einer vorgegebenen, zwangsläufig oszillierenden Bewegung auf das Fadenumlenkelement, wobei die Bewegung durch ein Antriebsmittel über ein Antriebselement aufgebracht wird.

The object is achieved by a method and a device according to the independent claims. The process according to the invention comprises the following process steps:

• 1) The warp threads are deflected by a Fadenumlenkelement, wherein the Fadenumlenkelement is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis. The pivoting axis may also be a kinematic, virtual axis.
• 2) Spring forces are applied to the thread deflecting element and indeed via several points of force application. The force application points are distributed along a first line which extends parallel to the pivot axis. These force application points are arranged distributed over the width of the Fadenumlenkelements. For an even distribution of the load introduction is ensured that more than three force application points available. These points can be arranged at the outer ends, but also in the central region of the Fadenumlenkelements. The force application points should not only include geometrically exactly defined points, but rather generally geometric locations are meant, at which a power transmission between components takes place. These force application locations or points of application of force are distributed along a line, but do not have to lie exactly on this first line and can also have an areal extent. These are therefore geometric locations whose distances from one another extend essentially in the direction of a common line. The spring forces are applied by at least one spring element having an adjustable spring characteristic. The adjustability of the spring characteristic makes it possible to adapt to different levels of warp tension or warp tension forces in various fabrics without having to exchange spring elements for this adaptation.
• 3) applying a predetermined, inevitably oscillating movement to the Fadenumlenkelement, wherein the movement is applied by a drive means via a drive element.

By applying a predetermined, inevitably oscillating movement is achieved that the Fadenumlenkelement always assumes a defined position in the weaving cycle. The movement also shows downtime during a weaving cycle. These stoppages may, for example, be dead points in which the movement only comes to a standstill at certain points, and then immediately continues in the opposite direction. However, if necessary, the stoppage of the movement also exists as a latching area, in which the moving element does not change its position for a while within a weaving cycle.

Particularly advantageous is the application of the inevitable oscillating movement to the Fadenumlenkelement via a plurality of connection points over which the Fadenumlenkelement is connected to the drive element. These connection points are best distributed over the width of the Fadenumlenkelements, thus extending along a second line which is parallel to the pivot axis. For a uniform distribution of the load introduction, it is advantageous if more than three connection points are present. These points can be arranged at the outer ends, but also in the central region of the Fadenumlenkelements. With regard to the arrangement and distribution of the connection points along the second line, in turn, geometrical locations are generally meant in which a connection between components takes place. These connection locations or points are distributed along the second line, but do not have to lie exactly on this line and can also have a planar extension. These are therefore geometric locations whose distances from one another extend essentially in the direction of a common - the second - line.

The application of the spring forces according to method step 2) does not change the movement of the Fadenumlenkelements. There is also no superposition of movements. The method is designed so that the size of the warp tension and the movement or the position of the Fadenumlenkelements is determined not by the spring forces, but only by applying the predetermined, forcibly oscillating movement by the drive means. An increase in the warp tension by the movement of the warp threads from the closed compartment into the open compartment results in an increase in the forces exerted by the warp threads on the thread deflection element. When moving the warp threads from the open compartment into the closed compartment, on the other hand, the forces exerted on the thread deflection element decrease. These forces are based in accordance with the present invention partly on the Fadenumlenkelement on the spring element and partly on the drive element on the drive means. By applying the spring forces in addition to applying the zwangläufigen, oscillating motion on the Fadenumlenkelement support or relief of the inevitable drive is achieved. Without this support, the warp tension forces acting on the thread deflection element would be supported by the drive element on the drive means, for example an eccentric drive or an electric motor. Drive elements and drive means would have to be significantly larger without the spring support, which would lead to increased costs. The fact that in addition the spring characteristic can be adapted to different warp tension levels and / or to warp threads with different elastic behavior, also results in a simplification in the design of the drive means, especially if they are controlled electrically or electro-pneumatically. By means of the drive, a targeted influencing of the warp tension forces takes place in a manner that takes into account weaving requirements. As a drive means, for example, mechanically non-uniform translating gear with eccentric or cams come into consideration. For an optimal adaptation of the inevitable oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements to the required tensile force, it is advantageous if the drive means for the Fadenumlenkelement - for example, an electric motor - is electronically controlled and if by a control unit of the loom, the inevitably oscillating movement of Fadenumlenkelements on the electric motor or a other suitable drive means is specified electronically controlled. As a rule, the control unit is used for this, in which the binding pattern for the movement of the shed forming means with the warp threads in the weaving machine is also stored. The electronic data set containing the weave pattern may contain, in addition to the information regarding the order of open shed position or closed shed position of the warp threads, also information about the movement sequence of the warp threads on the way from the open shed to the closed shed. This movement sequence of the warp threads is produced by vertically moving shed forming means, for example by healds or healds, which are driven by a mechanically or electronically controlled dobby or an eccentric machine. Thereby, in the case of an electronically controlled drive means, the movement of the Fadenumlenkelements can be tailored to the movement of the warp threads, whereby an optimal balance of those fluctuations of Kettfadenzugkräfte can be achieved, which are caused by the change from the open compartment into the closed compartment.

To make this balance optimal, it may be necessary by the drive means to apply the inevitable oscillating movement of Fadenumlenkelements such that a dead center of this movement is within a weaving cycle at the point at which the majority of the warp threads in the closed compartment, ie at shed closing point; or at least closer to the point of closure than at the point of the leaf stop. This dead center is preferably the point or at least the region in the necessarily oscillating, substantially horizontal course of movement of the Fadenumlenkelements in which the Fadenumlenkelement has the largest horizontal distance from the reed within a weaving cycle. This dead center is referred to here as the rear dead center of the movement of the Fadenumlenkelements. The arrangement of the spring element is usually chosen so that it exerts the lowest spring force on the Fadenumlenkelement within a weaving cycle in the described, rearmost dead center of the movement of the Fadenumlenkelements. The arrangement of Fadenumlenkelement and spring element is chosen so that the spring element is least curious in the rear dead center and the strongest at the front dead center. The front dead center of the oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements is the point or region of movement at which the Fadenumlenkelement horizontally has the smallest distance from the reed. The movement sequences considered here can also have so-called latching areas at their dead centers or in the end positions, in which the movement of the thread deflection element temporarily comes to a standstill during the weaving cycle. In the presence of such a latching area should be understood in the context of the present invention under dead center of a movement of the point within the movement sequence or the movement curve, which lies in the middle of such a latching area. With these considerations, speed fluctuations of the drives remain unconsidered - the center of a latching area, which is meant here, can thus be determined geometrically or mathematically. For example, a motion curve or table in which positional values of a component (e.g., the thread deflecting element) are plotted over a constant pitch angular axis. To define the angle axis, those angular steps are used that execute a main drive shaft of the weaving machine over a revolution - ie over 360 degrees rotation angle. As a rule, the method according to the invention is carried out in such a way that a dead center of the necessarily oscillating movement lies on the movement curve between the reference point and the immediately following leaf stop point or at one of these points. The dead center of this movement may be closer to the sheet stop within a weaving cycle than the immediately preceding closure or vice versa.

In general, the point of the sheet stop in the weaving cycle is not long after the point of the closed tray. In the span between the closed compartment and the sheet stop, the warp threads are already moving in the direction of the open compartment, but the warp tension does not rise appreciably. Nevertheless, in order to produce a tensile force in the warp yarns required for high weft density weaving in the sheet stopper, by a specific modification of the above-described variant of the method, the rear dead center of movement of the yarn deflecting member is placed in the area of the sheet stopper; or at least on the movement curve of the Fadenumlenkelements closer to the sheet stop than the Fachschluss. When sheet stop the previously entered weft thread from the reed of the loom is advanced to the binding point or fabric edge and pressed there more or less firmly to the already existing tissue. To produce very dense tissue, a higher pressure is required by the reed. In this process, tensile forces are generated in the warp threads between Fadenumlenkelement and reed. The Fadenumlenkelement is in the process variant described after the Fachschlusspunkt not horizontally in the direction of the reed - that is towards the front dead center - moves, but stops or is even moved in the opposite direction until it has reached its rear dead center. By this process is achieved that the sheet stop the necessary for dense fabric increased warp tension is present. In an exclusively resilient suspension of Fadenumlenkelements - without necessarily predetermined movement - and only small masses of Over the width of the loom multi-supported Fadenumlenkelements would drop in this phase of the weaving cycle, the warp tension, because the spring element would yield.

In other types of fabric, however, it may be advantageous if the warp tension is lowered defined in the area of the blade stop. This applies, for example, to terry cloths in which part of the warp threads are to be slid to terry loops or loops when the leaves stop. For this process, it is advantageous if the tensile force in the participating warp threads is inevitably lowered. In order to achieve this, the thread deflection element for the warp threads involved can be moved in the direction of its front dead center in another modified variant of the method during the sliding of the terry loops - ie to the position at which the horizontal distance to the reed is lowest.

In a further variant, the method according to the invention also offers the possibility of specifying the necessarily oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements according to the weave pattern for different weaving cycles by the control unit of the weaving machine via the electronically controllable drive means. The binding pattern determines which shingling means with the warp threads guided therein go into the upper shed in the next weaving cycle and which shed into the lower shed. Only with a plain plain weave (1: 1) are all warp threads always in motion during a weaving cycle - that is, all warp threads go either into the upper shed or into the lower shed. For other bindings, part of the warp yarns remain in the upper or lower shed without movement during a full weaving cycle. A weaving cycle here means the functional sequence of the weaving machine from a stop of the reed to the next stop of the reed on the fabric edge. In most cases, all of the warp threads involved in the weaving process are simply removed from a single warp beam and deflected into the weaving level via a single thread deflection element. In the normal weaving process, some of the warp threads in a weaving cycle are in the sub-shed, then move across the closed shed to the top shed and are in the top shed during the following weaving cycle. Another part of the warp threads is moved analogously in the opposite direction, that is, this part of the warp threads is in a weaving cycle in the upper compartment, then changes over the closed compartment into the lower compartment and is during the following weaving cycle in the lower compartment. Upper compartment here refers to the course of Kettfadenschar that limit the shed upwards, while the warp threads in the lower compartment limit the shed down. Closed specialization or "Fachschluss" refers to the point on the movement curve where the warp threads coming from above or from below meet. During this encounter, the vertical gap - the shed - between the participating warp threads is closed for a short time in the weaving cycle. The gap between warp threads, which are not moved in the current weaving cycle but remain in the upper or lower shed, will not be closed. There is no change of sheds for these warp threads, that is, there is no closed subject. Depending on whether only some or all of the warp threads of the loom go through the closed shed position within a weaving cycle or not, there are different requirements for the compensation of the tension changes in the total amount of warp threads, which are deflected over the Fadenumlenkelement. In a necessarily oscillating driven Fadenumlenkelement it is therefore advantageous if the predetermined movement can be adapted to the changing tensile force conditions at different bindings; that is, when the inevitable oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements can be specified differently according to the weave pattern for different weaving cycles. It is also useful for the realization of the invention to make the amplitudes and the positions of the dead points of the predetermined, oscillating movement of Fadenumlenkelements electronically and / or mechanically adjustable.

An apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention has a Fadenumlenkelement which is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis. In addition, at least one spring element is present, the spring characteristic is adjustable, wherein spring forces can be applied to the Fadenumlenkelement by the spring element at more than three points of force application. The force application points lie along a first line which extends parallel to the pivot axis of the Fadenumlenkelements.

Furthermore, a drive means is provided and a drive element. As a drive means, for example, a transmission and / or an electric motor can be used. But there are also hydraulic or pneumatic drive means used. The drive element is, for example, a drive shaft with a lever arm or other transmission elements with which oscillating pivoting movements can be transmitted or generated. Drive means and drive element are in any case designed such that by means of the drive means via the drive element, a predetermined, necessarily oscillating movement can be applied to the Fadenumlenkelement. This means that in the transmission path of the movement between the drive means and the Fadenumlenkelement no transmission or connecting elements are present, which distort the predetermined movement of the Fadenumlenkelements or change in unforeseen ways. A transmission of this predetermined, inevitably oscillating motion via elastic elements, for example via leaf springs, to which the Fadenumlenkelement is attached, would lead to such a falsification or to an undesirable in the context of the invention superposition of deliberately predetermined movement with another determined by the set spring characteristic and the current warp tension ,

In an advantageous variant, the drive element is connected to the thread deflection element along a second line at more than three connection points, the second line extending parallel to the pivot axis. With regard to the arrangement and distribution of the force application points and the connection points along the first or second line, in turn, the one already stated above applies. It is generally meant geometric locations where a power transmission or connection between components takes place. These places or points are distributed along the first and the second line, respectively, but do not necessarily lie exactly on the respective line and can also have an areal extent. These are therefore geometric locations whose distances from one another extend essentially in the direction of the relevant virtual line.

The described type of connection between Fadenumlenkelement and drive element causes the predetermined, forcibly oscillating movement is transmitted not only to the right and left of the Fadenumlenkelement, ie outside the warp thread on the Fadenumlenkelement, but across the width of the warp thread or the Fadenumlenkelements also on Positions inside or below the warp sheet. The introduction of the movements and spring forces distributed along the first and second lines reduces the deformation of the Fadenumlenkelements, as the forces distribute better. The reduced deformation contributes to the fact that the inevitably oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements deviates little from the given movement.

In order to apply the spring forces in the manner described evenly across the width of the warp thread on the Fadenumlenkelement, it is advantageous if the spring element is designed as a gas-filled hollow body whose volume is elastically variable, wherein the spring characteristic is adjustable by the fact that the pressure in the gas changes becomes. The hollow body may be formed, for example, as an air-filled rubber hose or elongated pressure pad, the longitudinal axis of which extends across the width of the warp thread or the Fadenumlenkelements. But it can also be used over the width of the Fadenumlenkelements distributed leaf springs to apply the spring forces on the Fadenumlenkelement. By means of which the respective effective length of such a leaf spring can be changed, an adjustability of the spring characteristic also results in this embodiment.

The thread deflection element itself may be formed, for example, as a profile with a longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis extends parallel to the pivot axis. For the deflection of the warp threads, it is also advantageous if the Fadenumlenkelements has a curved deflection surface which extends parallel to the pivot axis at a first distance from the pivot axis.

Furthermore, the Fadenumlenkelement can have one or more contact surfaces over which - for example, by a gas-filled hollow body or by means of leaf springs - the spring forces are applied to the Fadenumlenkelement. In this case, the contact surfaces extend parallel to the pivot axis at a second distance from the pivot axis, wherein the second distance is smaller than the first distance. By this arrangement, it follows that the spring forces between the pivot axis and contact surface attack on Fadenumlenkelement.

A further embodiment of the device is characterized in that the drive element is designed as a drive axle whose longitudinal axis coincides with the virtual pivot axis, wherein the Fadenumlenkelement is attached to the drive axle, as mentioned above, via a plurality of connection points.

A weaving machine with a device according to the invention is equipped with adjusting means with which the dead centers of the inevitably oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements can be adjusted. These adjustment means may be mechanical or electronic in nature. In a mechanical adjustment, for example, a cam or an eccentric of the associated drive shaft is released and connected in the running direction or counter to the direction again with the drive shaft. If the drive means for the Fadenumlenkelement is electronically controllable, it is advantageous if the weaving machine includes a control unit in which data for the specification of the inevitable oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements by means of computer means calculable and / or stored in memory means. As a result, different dead points of the inevitably oscillating movement can be specified.

Many weaving machines have shed forming means and a control unit so that the warp threads are movable by the shedding means in accordance with a weave pattern stored in the control unit. When furnishing such a weaving machine with a device according to the invention, a control unit is provided which has computer means by which, depending on the respective weave pattern, necessarily oscillating courses of movement of the thread deflecting element can be calculated. In this way, a program-controlled adaptation of this movement to different types of tissue and bonds can take place.

Brief description of the drawings

1 Schematic representation of a side view of a loom with an embodiment of the device according to the invention

2 Cut, detail view off 1

3 View of the loom according to 1 from behind

4 Course of motion and courses of the warp tension on a loom in the execution of a form of the method according to the invention

5 Course of motion and courses of warp tension on a weaving machine in the execution of another form of the method according to the invention

Advantageous embodiments of the invention

1 shows the side view of a loom with an embodiment of the device according to the invention; 2 shows a part of it. The weaving machine has a warp beam on its rear side 22 on, from which the warp threads 1 subtracted from. The warp threads 1 be in the present example via a deflection tube 28 the Fadenumlenkelement 2 fed. Through the Fadenumlenkelement 2 become the warp threads 1 deflected from the deduction direction in the weaving plane. For monitoring the warp threads 1 is in this example a warp stop motion 24 provided that the vertical movement of the warp threads in the rear compartment - ie between Fachbildemitteln 11 and warp beam 22 - limited, but does not hinder the horizontal movement of the warp thread. In the weaving layer are the warp threads 1 . 1' by Fachbildemittel 11 . 11 ' and a reed 27 led into the front area of the weaving machine. The warp threads 1 . 1' be through the Fachbildemittel 11 . 11 ' moved vertically, taking out the warp threads of the upper shed 1 and the sub-compartment 1' a shed 23 is formed.

The movement of the shed forming means 11 . 11 ' is derived from a bond pattern in the control unit 16 the weaving machine is stored. The fabric is redirected on the front of the loom and wound up again. The weft 25 is between the reed 27 and the fabric edge 26 in the shed 23 registered and at the leaf stop of the reed 27 on the fabric edge 26 struck or pressed. The thread deflecting element 2 is about a pivot axis 3 arranged pivotally. The pivot axis 3 is as a drive axle 8th formed, which by a drive unit 7 is driven by electric motor and coaxially arranged gear. The electric motor is controlled by the control unit 16 electronically controlled. The control unit 16 contains a control program and storage means for calculating and / or storing the data for the inevitable oscillating movement 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 ,

2 shows that the Fadenumlenkelement 2 a carrier 19 over which there is a machined surface of the drive axle 8th with the help of screws 20 is attached. The thread deflecting element 2 also has a curved deflection surface 14 about which the warp threads 1 from the warp beam 22 or from the deflection tube 28 be redirected to the Web level. In addition, the thread deflecting element 2 a contact surface 15 present, in contact with a spring element 4 stands. About the contact surface 15 the spring forces are on the Fadenumlenkelement 2 applied. The spring element 4 is formed as a gas-filled hollow body, which is between the contact surface 15 and a crossbeam 18 of the weaving machine frame 17 arranged, with the cross member 18 parallel to the pivot axis 3 extends. The spring forces are thus over a variety of force application points 5 on the Fadenumlenkelement 2 applied, wherein the force application points 5 on the contact surface 15 along a virtual line 6 extend, which are parallel to the pivot axis 3 extends. The hollow body 4 is in the present example an elastic hose whose volume is variable by changing the gas pressure. Between the elastic hose 4 and the cross member 18 If present, another support profile is arranged, that the elastic hose 4 partially encloses. The support profile for the hose 4 is on one side on the cross member 18 of the weaving machine frame 17 and up another side on the bearing housings 21 the drive axle 8th attached. The bearing housings 21 the drive axle 8th are supported on a stationary component of the machine frame 17 the weaving machine. On this component is in the present case, the deflection tube 28 attached. By changing the gas pressure in the elastic hose - the spring element 4 - changes its spring constant. This means that the ratio between the spring force and the spring travel is adjusted by changing the gas pressure. To change the gas pressure, a pneumatic valve with a pressure gauge is provided. The valve is presently connected to a central compressed air supply, which is not shown. The pneumatic valve and the pressure gauge have the function of a pressure source for compressed air as a gas filling 12 for the elastic hollow body. The pressure source is in 1 schematically as a compact unit 13 shown.

3 shows the view of a loom according to 1 and 2 from the kettbaumseite ago. The warp threads 1 are omitted in this illustration to look at details of Fadenumlenkelements 2 kept clear. In addition, in this illustration, the area of the weaving machine is cut below the warp beam axis. The carrier 19 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 is at several connection points 9 over the screws 20 with the drive axle 8th connected. The drive axle 8th is across the width several times on the machine frame 17 supported in camps. To accommodate the case 21 To create this camp, the carrier points 19 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 on each bearing housing 21 the drive axle 8th a section on. The connection points 9 are across the width of the loom along a virtual line 10 arranged, which are parallel to the drive axle 8th extends. It is clear that slight deviations in the position of the screws 20 in the vertical direction have no influence on the described function. Rather, it is essential that the screws 20 - that is, the connection points 9 - Over the width of the Fadenumlenkelements 2 or the weaving machine along a line 10 are distributed so that the driving forces over the width of the loom distributed to the Fadenumlenkelement 2 be applied. The distances of the connection points 9 or the screws 20 with each other in a direction parallel to the pivot axis 3 are larger than the distances in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis 3 , This avoids deformations that could occur in a one-sided application of the driving forces. This is achieved by a distribution of the bearing housing 21 supported across the width of the loom. 3 further shows that the drive unit 7 at the front of the drive axle 8th is appropriate. Engine and gearbox of the drive unit and the drive axle 8th are arranged coaxially. In this way, the oscillating applied motor torque is largely lossless on the drive axle 8th transfer. The construction unit 7 Electric motor and gearbox is via a motor carrier on the side wall of the machine frame 17 attached.

The 4 and 5 show examples of given courses of motion 38 and resulting courses of the tensile forces in the warp threads 1 . 1' on a weaving machine during the execution of a method according to the present invention. The 4 and 5 differ in that the rear dead centers 39 . 39 ' the inevitably oscillating movement of the Fadenumlenkelements 2 are specified differently in both figures. In order to obtain a meaningful representation, in the diagrams of the 4 and 5 the movement patterns 30 . 32 . 33 . 38 represented in a normalized form. That is, the amplitude of the respective movement history 30 . 32 . 33 . 38 between maximum value and minimum value was normalized to 1 in each case. The axis division of the ordinate of the diagrams shown is based on this standardization. The abscissa shows angle values of 0-720 angular degrees. These angle values relate to the angle of rotation of a main drive shaft of the weaving machine, which is rotated by 360 degrees during a weaving cycle - ie one turn further. The diagrams thus show a section over two weaving cycles of the weaving machine = 720 angular degrees. Both 4 . 5 show the same course of movement 30 of the reed 27 that by leaf stops 31 each marked at 0 degrees at 360 degrees and at 720 degrees. In the intermediate resting areas is the reed 27 at rest, on the loom so near the Fachbildemittel 11 (S. 1 ). During this time there are the Fachbildemittel 11 . 11 ' - for example, heald frames 11 . 11 ' - in the upper compartment or in the lower compartment. This is called an open subject. During this time the weft insertion takes place. The diagrams also show the movement patterns 32 . 33 two healds 11 . 11 ' , which are moved counter to each other in the upper compartment (+0.5) or in the lower compartment (-0.5). Such a change of subject is characterized in that the healds involved 11 . 11 ' and those of these moving warp threads 1 . 1' not within a weaving cycle, but between two consecutive web cycles to change position, from top to bottom or from bottom to top. The point to which both heald shafts 11 . 11 ' encountering them on their way becomes a special subject, subject or closed subject 34 designated. In the diagrams of 4 and 5 is the technical qualification 34 at about 320 degrees - just before the sheet stop point 31 , The movement patterns 32 , and 33 the two healds 11 . 11 ' go through at this point the value 0.0 on the ordinate.

A course of warp tensile forces 35 who is alone from such an opposite movement 32 . 33 the two healds 11 . 11 ' is in the 4 and 5 shown in phantom. The maximum of warp tensile forces 35 occurs in the open tray, while the minimum in the closed tray 34 occurs. This course of warp tensile forces 35 represents the course that would result if the Fadenumlenkelement 2 immovable with the machine 17 would be connected - so-called rigid string tree. The warp tension train 35 thus results solely from the geometric changes in the course of the warp threads 1 . 1' on their way from Oberfach to Unterfach (cf. 1 ) and from the stiffness of the warp threads 1 - So the ability of the warp threads 1 To balance tensile force changes due to warp elasticity. By providing a spring 4 at Fadenumlenkelement 2 this elastic compensation is supported; the warp threads 1 are less heavily loaded. In the 4 and 5 is the warp tension train 36 shown dotted, resulting in a resilient support of Fadenumlenkelements 2 would result. In comparison with the traction force curve with "rigid bowing tree" 35 you realize that during the movement 32 . 33 of the heald frames 11 . 11 ' from the closed compartment to the open compartment the Kettadenzugkraft 36 increases less. That's because with increasing warp tension 36 the resiliently supported Fadenumlenkelement 2 through the overlying warp threads 1 increasingly burdened. The feather 4 is compressed and the Fadenumlenkelement 2 moves towards the reed 27 , This will cause the warp tension 36 reduced. This reduction is principally desirable to limit the maximum warp tension. This succeeds, from the comparison of the courses 35 . 36 clear. However, by using a resiliently supported coating tree or Fadenumlenkelements 2 the warp tension 36 already in the area of the leaf stop 31 reduced. This may be unwanted in terms of weaving technology if particularly dense fabrics, ie fabrics with high weft density, are to be woven. By using a predetermined, oscillating motion 38 the Fadenumlenkelements can be counteracted. The predetermined, oscillating course of motion 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 is shown in both figures as a sinusoidal function. This is a very easy to implement function. With appropriate programming of the control unit 16 for the control of the drive unit 7 are of course also more complex movement patterns 38 feasible - for example, those with asymmetrical gradients or with locking phases. In the present example is a symmetrical course of the oscillating motion 38 specified without locking phases. The movement 38 has two dead centers, the dead center 39 at the value 0,0 on the ordinate, the dead point 40 at the value -1.0. The dead center 39 (respectively. 39 ' in 5 ) at 0.0 in this case represents the rearmost position of the movement 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 In this position has the Fadenumlenkelement 2 the largest distance from the reed 27 while in the other, front dead center 40 the smallest distance to the reed 27 having. By reducing the distance of the Fadenumlenkelements 2 to the reed 27 become the warp traction forces 35 . 36 . 37 reduced as they are increased by increasing the distance. As stated above, it may be necessary in the area of the blade stop 31 To produce a higher warp tension than with a resiliently supported Fadenumlenkelement 2 is reached. On the other hand, one wants to avoid that in the open compartment, the warp tension forces are as high as when using a rigid, unsprung coating tree. By applying a sinusoidal, oscillating motion 38 on the Fadenumlenkelement 2 with a dead center 39 near the Fachschluss 34 and the other dead center 40 in the open subject, this goal is achieved. This is the course of the warp tension 37 clearly, due to the previously described inevitably oscillating motion 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 results. The comparison of the courses 36 and 37 in 4 make this clear. You can see already here that the course of the warp tension 37 that comes from the given, oscillating motion 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 results in the leaf stop 31 is higher than the traction 36 only with resilient support of Fadenumlenkelements 2 , This effect can be amplified when the rear dead center 39 the predetermined, oscillating movement 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 is placed at a point in time between the time of closure 34 and the leaf stop 31 or even the leaf stop 31 is closer than the Fachschlusszeitpunkt 34 , In 5 is shown how the conditions are opposite 4 change when the rear dead center 39 ' the predetermined, oscillating movement 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 at 350 degrees so after the Fachschluss 34 near the leaf stop 31 lies. You can see that at the leaf stop 31 the warp tensile forces 37 ' opposite the course 37 in 4 be further increased. But you can also see that in the warp tension train 37 ' the maximum warp tension in the open compartment, however, will not be higher than with the exclusive use of a spring-supported Fadenumlenkelements (course 36 ) and significantly lower than in a stationary Fadenumlenkelement (course 35 ). Characterized in that according to the invention, the Fadenumlenkelement 2 additionally sprung supported, results from the difference between the two curves 37 and 36 in 4 or 5 a reduction of the load on the drive means 7 ,

As mentioned above, here are only normalized movements 30 . 32 . 33 . 38 shown. Of course, the actual movement amplitudes and the actual geometric positions of the dead points must 39 . 40 the movement 38 the Fadenumlenkelements 2 to the actual amplitudes of the movements 32 . 33 the Fachbildemittel 11 as well as the geometric conditions in the shed 23 be matched. For this purpose, it makes sense, the amplitudes and the positions of the dead centers 39 . 40 to make electronically and / or mechanically adjustable. In the present considerations has been disregarded that during the leaf attack 31 when pressing the registered weft thread 25 on the fabric edge 26 a pulse-like increase in the warp tension can occur. Height and duration of this impulse depends on the textile-technical behavior of warp and weft threads. However, these relationships and dependencies are familiar to those skilled in the art, so that their consideration in the realization of the invention causes no problems. By using the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention, weaving with high weft density is achieved without undue increase in warp tension 37 at relatively low load of the drive means 7 for the Fadenumlenkelement 2 allows. reference numeral 1, 1 ' Warp threads in the upper compartment or lower compartment 2 thread diverting element 3 swivel axis 4 spring element 5 Force application points 6 First line 7 drive unit 8th drive axle 9 connection points 10 Second line 11, 11 ' Shedding means 12 gas filling 13 pressure source 14 Curved deflection surface 15 contact area 16 control unit 17 machine frame 18 crossbeam 19 Support of Fadenumlenkelements 20 screw 21 bearing housing 22 warp beam 23 shed 24 warp stop motions 25 weft 26 fabric edge 27 reed 28 deflecting 30 Movement reed 31 Sheet anchor point 32 Movement Weaving 1 33 Movement weave 2 34 Fold finale 35, 36, 37, 37 ' Course warp tensile forces 38 Course of motion Thread deflection element 39, 39 ' Rear dead center of the movement Fadenumlenkelement 40 Front dead center of the movement Fadenumlenkelement

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 2731046 A1 [0003]
• WO 1997030201 A1 [0003]
• WO 2008077383 A1 [0003]
• DE 19915952 A1 [0003]

Claims (15)

Method for applying forces and movements to warp threads ( 1 . 1' ) of a loom with the following method steps: - deflection of the warp threads ( 1 . 1' ) via a Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ), which is about a pivot axis ( 3 ) is pivotally mounted; - Applying spring forces on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) over more than three force application points ( 5 ) along a first line ( 6 ), which are parallel to the pivot axis ( 3 ), wherein the spring forces by at least one spring element ( 4 ) are applied, which has an adjustable spring characteristic; Application of a predetermined, necessarily oscillating movement ( 38 ) on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ), whereby this movement ( 38 ) by a drive means ( 7 ) via a drive element ( 8th ) is applied Method according to Claim 1, in which the predetermined, necessarily oscillating movement ( 38 ) on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) over more than three connection points ( 9 ) between the drive element ( 8th ) and thread deflecting element ( 2 ), the connection points ( 9 ) along a second line ( 10 ) parallel to the pivot axis ( 3 ) are arranged. The method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the drive means ( 7 ) the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) is applied in such a way that a dead center ( 39 . 39 ' . 40 ) of this movement ( 38 ) within a weaving cycle at or after a subject deadline ( 34 ) and that this dead center ( 39 . 39 ' . 40 ) at or before one of these specialization points ( 34 ) immediately following leaf attachment point ( 31 ) lies. The method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the drive means ( 7 ) the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) is applied in such a way that a dead center ( 39 . 39 ' . 40 ) of this movement ( 38 ) within a weaving cycle 34 ) is closer than one to this 34 ) immediately following sheet stop point ( 31 ). The method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the drive means ( 7 ) the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) is applied in such a way that a dead center ( 39 . 39 ' . 40 ) of this movement ( 38 ) within a weaving cycle a sheet stop point ( 31 ) is closer than a leaf stop point ( 31 ) immediately preceding subject point ( 34 ). The method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the warp threads ( 1 . 1' ) by shedding means ( 11 . 11 ' ) of the loom according to a in a control unit ( 16 ) of the loom stored binding pattern are moved and wherein the drive means ( 7 ) for the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) is controlled electronically, whereby by the control unit ( 16 ) of the weaving machine via the electronically controllable drive means ( 7 ) the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) of the Fadenumlenkelements ( 2 ) is given. The method according to claim 6, wherein the control unit ( 16 ) of the weaving machine via the electronically controllable drive means ( 7 ) the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) of the Fadenumlenkelements ( 2 ) is specified differently for different web cycles. Device for applying forces and movements to warp threads ( 1 . 1' ) a loom with a Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ), which is about a pivot axis ( 3 ) is pivotally mounted, as well as with at least one spring element ( 4 ), whose spring characteristic is adjustable, whereby by the spring element ( 4 ) at more than three force application points ( 5 ) Spring forces on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) can be applied, wherein the force application points ( 5 ) along a first line ( 6 ), which are parallel to the pivot axis ( 3 ) of the Fadenumlenkelements ( 2 ), characterized in that a drive means ( 7 ) is present, through which a drive element ( 8th ) a predetermined, necessarily oscillating movement ( 38 ) on the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) can be applied. The device according to claim 8, wherein the drive element ( 8th ) along a second line ( 10 ) at more than three connection points ( 9 ) with the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ), the second line ( 10 ) parallel to the pivot axis ( 3 ). The device according to claim 9, wherein the drive element ( 8th ) is formed as a drive axle, at the via the connection points ( 9 ) the thread deflecting element ( 2 ) is attached. The device according to claim 10, wherein the drive axle ( 8th ) over its length at more than three points ( 21 ) is stored. The device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the drive means ( 7 ) has a drive motor which is coaxial with the drive axis ( 8th ) is arranged. Weaving machine with a device according to one of claims 7 to 12, wherein the weaving machine has adjusting means with which the dead points ( 39 . 39 ' 40 ) of the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) of the Fadenumlenkelements ( 2 ) are adjustable. Weaving machine with a device according to claim 13, with a control unit ( 16 ), wherein the drive means ( 7 ) for the Fadenumlenkelement ( 2 ) is electronically controllable and wherein the control unit ( 16 ) Contains memory means in which data for the specification of the inevitably oscillating motion ( 38 ) of the Fadenumlenkelements ( 2 ) are storable. Loom comprising a device according to claim 14, wherein the weaving machine comprises shed forming means ( 11 . 11 ' ) and wherein warp threads ( 1 . 1' ) by the shedding means ( 11 . 11 ' ) according to one in the control unit ( 16 ) are movable and the control unit ( 16 ) Has computer means, by which, depending on the respective pattern of bonding, necessarily oscillating courses of motion ( 38 ) of the Fadenumlenkelements ( 2 ) are calculable.

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